2685880 hazardous area classification

8/13/2019 2685880 Hazardous Area Classification

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P.G.Sreejith, Chennai

HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION

&SELECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

FOR FLAMMABLE ATMOSPHERES

P.G. Sreejith

pi!i"#reejith$h%t!i.'%

Chennai, INDIA

(((.'h%!!x!.'%


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H!!r*%5# Are!#2De6i,iti%,#

Petr%e5 R5e#; /071

An area shall be deemed to be a hazardous area, where

!etroleum ha"in# $P below %& de# C or an' in(lammable #as or"a!our in )on)entration )a!able o( i#nition is li*el' to be !resent

!etroleum or an' in(lammable li+uid ha"in# $P abo"e is li*el' to bere(ined, blended or stored at or abo"e its $P

IS 887

azardous areais an area in whi)h an e!losi"e #as atmos!here is!resent, or li*el' to be !resent, in +uantities su)h as to re+uire s!e)ial!re)autions (or the )onstru)tion, installation and use o( ele)tri)ala!!aratus.


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COAL MININING SAFET & CRUDE AS OF DETECTINGMETHANE GAS

In the /001s, )ertain #ases or the la)* o( o'#en were dete)ted with"arious hit and miss t'!es o( dete)tion. 2he '!,*e# %, i,er# '!p#, ori( )arried b' the miner, would either #o out (rom the la)* o( o'#en or the(lame would #et lar#er with a di((erent )olorin# o( the (lame i( )ertain#ases were in the area.

3( )ourse, in some instan)es these o!en (lames )aused (ires ore!losions. 4' 5&, the D!@)# S!6et) L!p)ame into use in themines. 2his )ertainl' )han#ed the wa' (or miners to )he)* (or )ertain#ases.

2he' too* these )anaries in small )a#es with them down the )oal mineswhere the' wor*ed. 2he '!,!rie# (ere the i,er# !!r #i>,!to

show them when the )oal-#as le"els #ot too hi#h. 2he )anar' sto!!edsin#in# and was most li*el' to be laid (eet u! on the bottom o( the )a#e,!oisoned b' the mine #as.


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h) Are! C!##i6i'!ti%,

AC is a method o( anal'zin# and )lassi('in# the en"ironment wheree!losi"e #as atmos!heres ma' o))ur to allow the !ro!er sele)tion o(ele)tri)al a!!aratusto be installed in that en"ironment.

I#nition sour)es not )onsidered

6SDS!ar*s

7i#htnin#

$lames8$ires

ot sur(a)es

IS &&/9

As are )lassi(ied in zones based on the (re+uen)' o( the a!!earan)eand the duration o( an e!losi"e #as atmos!here.


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h) Z%,i,>

7ea* Potential : Presen)e o( I#nition Sour)es

azardous !ro!erties o( h'dro)arbons

Sa(e sele)tion ;: o!timization< o( 6le)tri)al 6+ui!ment


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AREA CLASSIFICATION

ow man' =ones as !er Indian standards>

6uro!ean : Ameri)an )lassi(i)ations ;=ones and Di"isions

?ho should do AC-6le)tri)al or Pro)ess 6n#ineer>


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HAC !# per IS 887 i# ,%t !ppi'!+e6%r4

Mi,i,> !ppi'!ti%,#

Exp%#i@e !,56!'t5ri,>

Are!# (here i>,it!+e *5#t# & 6i+er# !re pre#e,t

C!t!#tr%phi' 6!i5re#

I>,iti%, #%5r'e# %ther th!, ee'tri'! !pp!r!t5#


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Z%,e : 2T)pi'! !re!#C%,ti,%5# >r!*e3

a!our s!a)e abo"e

)losed !ro)ess "essels,

stora#e tan*s

)losed )ontainers,

areas )ontainin# o!en tan*s o( "olatile, (lammable li+uid


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H%( t% i*e,ti6) Z%,e / !re!# IS 8873

;Primar' #rade


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API RP 8::2 HAC G5i*ei,e#

Ade+ua)' o( "entilation

A))ident re)ord o( the !lant 8 business #rou! 8 industr'se)tor8maintenan)e standard ado!ted in the !lant

Sound jud#ement : 6!erien)e o( the en#ineer who )arries out AC


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AREA CLASSIFICATION AS A TOOL FOR RIS ASSESSMENT A LOGICAL APPROACH

Per)ei"ed 7imitations on the !resent AC a!!roa)h

I#nition sour)es not )onsidered

Hedu)tion o( zone areas : relaation o( zone desi#nations not)onsidered

4lin*ers -3n A!!roa)h , i#h )ost, blan*et zonin#, narrow : eas'a!!roa)h

or in short, the (ull !otential o( AC is not utilized at !resent


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HAC2+!#e* Ri#- A##e##e,t M!trix

Grade of Release Continous Frequent Infrequent Very Infrequent

Continous Unacceptable Unacceptable

unless low

consequences

Acceptable

(e.g. Ex i

apparatus)

Primary Unacceptable Unacceptable Risk Assessment

required-look atconsequences

Acceptable (e.g.

Ex d apparatus )

Secondary Risk Ass essment

required-look at

consequences bu t

probably

unacceptable

Risk Assessment

required-look at

consequences but

Acceptable

(E.g. Ex n

apparatus)

Acceptable

Non-Hazardous Acceptable but

examine

catastrophic

releases

Acceptable but

examine

catastrophic

releases

Accep tab le Acceptable

Grade of Ignition


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AREA CLASSIFICATION AS A TOOL FOR RIS ASSESSMENT

CONCLUSION

A lo#i)al etension o( the !resent AC methodolo#' : not a radi)ala!!roa)h

New 6uro!ean le#islation, ATE //?! Dire'ti@ewill be on similar lines

2he new (o)ussed: !ra)ti)alAC a!!roa)h will ma*e HAC exer'i#e%re '%#t2e66e'ti@e

A SAF APPR!ACH"


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COMPARISON OF ZONES & DIKISIONS

C!##i6ie*

!re!

=0

D

=

=9

D9

Tie th!t h!. >!#e# !repre#e,t i, i>,it!+e

E#ti!te* hti,> Fitti,> 2Ex *

S(it'h Ge!r & C%,tr% Ge!r 2Ex *

C%5,i'!ti%,9 Teeph%,e e5ipe,t9Meter# 2Ex i

P%rt!+e H!,* L!p#2 Ex i

6 o, 6 +t'!e e+ui!ment are also allowed (or use as !er IS &&/


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RECOMMENDED PROTECTION METHODS FOR ZONE

M%t%r#2 Ex *; Ex p; Ex ,; Ex e;

Tr!,#6%rer# & C!p!'it%r# 2 Ex *; Ex p !5xii!r) *e@i'e# t% +e%'!te* i, pre##5rie* r%%9hereti'!) #e!e* 9 i,tri,#i'!) #!6e3

C%,tr% & I,#tr5e,t Tr!,#6%rer# 2Ex i

Li>hti,> Fitti,> 2Ex *; Ex e; Ex ,

S(it'h Ge!r & C%,tr% Ge!r 2Ex *; Ex %; Ex

C%5,i'!ti%,9 Teeph%,e e5ipe,t9Meter# 2Ex i

P%rt!+e H!,* L!p#2 Ex i

Finimum IP &&;(or N-insulated !arts< and IP BB;(or insulated !arts!# %r @!p%5r


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INTRINSICALL SAFE EQUIPMENT & CIRCUITS Ex i 3

i,#ert ! #! ph%t%3

3nl' ele)tri)al !rote)ti"e measure ;!rote)tion te)hnolo#' b' wa' o( !owerlimitation


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INTRINSICALL SAFE EQUIPMENT2 C!te>%r)2 Ex i+

Ex i+e+ui!ment shall be in)a!ableo( )ausin# i#nition in normal o!eration,with a sin#le (ault and with the (ollowin# sa(et' (a)tors

.&in normal o!eration and with one (ault

.0with one (ault, i( the e+ui!ment )ontains no un!rote)ted swit)h)onta)ts in !arts li*el' to be e!osed to a !otentiall' e!losi"eatmos!here and the (ault is sel(-re"ealin#

6J i t'!i)al mar*in# EEx i! IIC T8


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INTRINSICALL SAFE EQUIPMENT Ex i 3

Cell !hone e!losion a))ident in an o((shore !lat(orm

$uel outlets- restri)ted )ell !hone usa#e>


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INCREASED SAFET EQUIPMENT Ex e3

De(inition as !er IS %E5

A t)pe %6 pr%te'ti%, +) (hi'h e!#5re# !re !ppie* #%!# t% pre@e,t (ith ! i,%r *e>ree %6 #e'5rit); thep%##i+iit) %6 ex'e##i@e teper!t5re !,* the%''5rre,'e %6 !r'# %r #p!r-# i, the i,teri%r !,* theexter,! p!rt# %6 ee'tri'! !pp!r!t5# (hi'h *%e# ,%t

pr%*5'e the i, ,%r! #er@i'e


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INCREASED SAFET EQUIPMENT Ex e3

Strin#iest )onstru)tion methods to ensure that no s!ar*s, e)essi"etem!erature are !rodu)ed

Care(ul terminal desi#n

se o( #ood +ualit' insulation material

se o( s!e)ial materials to !rote)t the en)losure a#ainst im!a)t, in#resso( dust : moisture

Can be used (or I; II A; B; C#as #rou!s

Permitted (or us in T/; T; T)lasses onl'

2erminal with minimum IP 8=in#ress !rote)tion

6J d t'!i)al mar*in# EEx e IIA T


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PRESSURIZATION TPE Ex p3De6i,iti%, !# per IS 7?0

A t)pe %6 pr%te'ti%, +) (hi'h the e,tr) %6#5rr%5,*i,> !t%#phere i,t% the e,'%#5re %6 theee'tri'! !pp!r!t5# i# pre@e,te* +) !i,t!i,i,>i,#i*e the #!i* e,'%#5re; ! pr%te'ti@e >!# !t !hi>her th!, th!t %6 the #5rr%5,*i,> !t%#phere


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PRESSURIZATION TPE Ex p3TPES

D),!i' Pre##5ri!ti%,;DP< or !ressurization b' )ontinuos )ir)ulationo( !rote)ti"e #as ;!ur#in#!#-et

IP

De#ree o( Prote)tion o( !ersonsa#ainst )onta)t with ormo"in# !artsinside the

en)losure : Prote)tion 3(6+ui!ment a#ainst Solid

in#ress

In#ress o( 7i+uid

E


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IP T)pe# !,* Pr%te'ti%, Det!i#

FIRST NUMERAL

0 No !rote)tion

3bje)ts #reater than &0 mm

9 3bje)ts #reater than 9 mm

E 3bje)ts #reater than 9.& mm

B 3bje)ts #reater than .0 mm

& Dust - !rote)ted

% Dust ti#ht

SECOND NUMERAL

0 No !rote)tion

erti)all' dri!!in#

9 An#ular dri!!in#

E S!ra'ed water

B S!lashed water

& ?ater jets

% ea"' seas/ 6((e)ts o( immersion

5 Inde(inite immersion

Ex


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I,*i!, St!,*!r*# 6%r K!ri%5# Pr%te'ti%, Te'h,i5e#

IS 5571 Guide For Selection Of Electrical Equipment ForHazardous Areas

IS 5572 !art I "lassification of Hazardous Areas forElectrical Installations

IS 1#$%& !art I' II' III"ode of Selection' Installation and(aintenance of Electrical Apparatus for )se in E*plosi+eAtmosp,eres

IS &2#-"lassification of (a*imum Surface .emperature ofElectrical Equipment for )se In E*plosi+e Atmosp,eres

IS /#&1 "onstruction and testin0 of Electrical Apparatusit, tpe of protection 3e4

IS 21$& Flameproof Enclosures of Electrical Apparatus

Ex I,*i!, St!,*!r*# 6%r K!ri%5# Pr%te'ti%, Te'h,i5e#


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I,*i!, St!,*!r*# 6%r K!ri%5# Pr%te'ti%, Te'h,i5e#

IS 1##$/ General equirements for Electrical Apparatus forE*plosi+e Gas Atmosp,eres

IS 57&% Specification For Intrinsicall Safe Electrical Apparatusand "ircuits

IS &2$% Guide for Electrical Equipment for E*plosi+e Atmosp,eres

IS 21$76e0rees of !rotection !ro+ided Enclosures For 8o 9olta0eSitc, Gear : "ontrol Gear

IS $/-1 6e0rees of !rotection !ro+ided Enclosures Forotatin0 Electrical (ac,iner

IS &2$1 (et,ods of (ar;in0 for Identifin0 Electrical equipmentfor E*plosi+e Atmosp,eres

IS &22$ Specification for Electric 8i0,tin0 fittin0 for E*plosi+eAtmosp,eres

IS &2&- Electrical Equipment it, .pe of !rotection 3n4

IS 7#&- Specification for !ressurized Enclosures

Ex


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INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE OFELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN HAZARDOUSAREAS

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INSTALLATION GUIDELINES OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INHAZARDOUS AREAS IS 887/3

Ade+uate !re)autions to a"oid 6SD: 7i#htnin# to be im!lemented

se o( li#ht allo' ;F#, Al, 2i, < material to be assessed )riti)all' in Asdue to its in)endi"e !ro!erties

?here reasonabl' !ra)ti)al, ele)tri)al a!!aratus #enerall' and swit)h :)ontrol a!!aratus should be installed outside the azardous Areas

6le)tri)al a!!aratus ma' be installed in o!en air in a non-hazardous area

Ex


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INSTALLATION GUIDELINES OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INHAZARDOUS AREAS

6+ui!ment desi#ned (or hi#her #as #rou!s )an be used (or lesshazardous #as #rou!s ; (or e.#., 6+ui!ment )erti(ied (or II C )an be used(or II A, 4 or I, He"iew o(

$ire Prote)tion s'stems, et). ;as !er N$PA, 4IS, 3ISD,API, et).

2685880 hazardous area classification

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