PeKA ScienceForm 1

SCIENCE FORM 1 SET 2STUDENT MANUAL

Learning Area : Matter

Learning Objective : Understanding the concept of density

Element 1 : Science Process Skills

Construct : C1, C2, C4, C5, C6, and C8

Instructions:

1. Carry out this activity

a. Put water, petrol, sand and cork in a measuring cylinder.

b. Draw your observation and answer all the questions.

2. Then write a task report.

Activity Report Format:

1. Title : Density and buoyancy of objects

2. Aim : To study the density of solids and liquids.

3. Apparatus/ Material :

4. Procedure :

5. Observation and results:

i) Are cork, petrol, sand and water are matter?

ii) Based on the substances used, which are examples of:

a) solid …………………………….

b) liquid …………………………….

iii) Which substance a) float; b) sink in water?

iv) What property do these substances have that affect their buoyancies?

v) What will happen to the cork if a nail is added to it? Why?

6. Discussion and analysis– answer the questions given.

6.1 i) Why does the substance float on water?

ii) Why does the substance sink in water? Or

iii) Why does the substance float/sink innpetrol?

iv) Arrange these substances in sequence of ascending order based on

their densities. Refer to Table 1.

PeKA ScienceForm 1

6.2. i) Based on the observation and Table 1, what is your inference?

ii) What can be said about the density of a substance that floats in a

more dense liquid?

iii) What can be said about the density of a substance that sinks in a

less dense liquid?

Substance Density [gcm-3]

Mercury 13.6

Ice 0.92

Petrol 0.75

Sand 2.6

Water 1.0

Cork 0.25

Table 1

6.3 i) Using the results and Table1 , predict the position of ice and

mercury if all the substances were put together in a gas jar.

ii) Draw a suitable diagram and label the substances.

6.4 i) Based on the results and Table 1, classify the substances.

Explain the method used.

ii) What other criteria can we use to group them?

7. Conclusion–

What can you conclude from this activity?

Do different substances have the same densities?

Activity Report Checklist:No Content Yes

1. Title2. Aim3. Apparatus4. Procedure5. Observation & Results6. Discussion & analysis7. Conclusion

PeKA ScienceForm 1

Science form 1: Sample Set 2 [Teacher Manual]

1.0 EXPERIMENT 3.6 – Understanding the Concept of Density

2.0 Aim : To study the density of solids and liquids.

3.0 Material : water, cork, sand, petrol, nail

Apparatus : 100 ml measuring cylinder, beaker

4.0 Procedure :

1. I put water, petrol, sand followed by the cork into the

measuring cylinder.

2. I drew what I observed .

5.0 Observation :

√

i) Cork, sand, water and petrol are matter.

ii) Based on the substances used, examples of:

a) solid: cork, sand

b) liquid: petrol, water

iii) cork and petrol floats on water; while sand sinks in water

iv) The density of these substances affect their buoyancies.

v) The cork sinks when a nail is added to it because it becomes denser.

C1:3

C6:3

1a

1b,c,d

1d, 2a1b,4b,8c

1e,4a

petrol

water

cork

sand

8a,5d

√

PeKA ScienceForm 1

6.0 Discussion and analysis.

6.1 i) Cork/petrol floats on water because it is less dense than water

ii) Sand sinks in water because it is more dense than water /or

iii) Cork float on petrol because it is less dense / Water sinks in petrol

because it is more dense than petrol

iv) Sequence of densities of substances in ascending order:

Cork petrol water sand.

6.2 i) The buoyancy of a substance depends on its density

ii) A less dense solid/substance floats in a more dense liquid.

iii) A denser/ more dense substance sinks in a less dense liquid.

6.3

Substance Density [gcm-3]

Cork 0.25

Petrol 0.75

Ice 0.92

Water 1.0

Sand 2.6

Mercury 13.6

i) Using the results and Table 1, the position of ice and

mercury are predicted if all the substances were put together in a gas jar.

Glass

Ice cube

Cork

Petrol

Water

Glass

Ice cube

Cork

Petrol

Water

Sand

8c,d

1f,8bC8:3

8a, also from diagram

4b,8c

4a,8d

C4:3

4c

5 a,b,c,d

8b

C5:3

mercury

√

√

√

PeKA ScienceForm 1

6.4 i) Based on the results and table of densities, the substances are

classified into two groups based on the common property:-

Float on water Do not float on water/ sink in water

Cork Sand

Petrol Mercury

Ice

ii) Another criteria we can use to group the substances is buoyancy of

substance in petrol.

Float on petrol Do not float on petrol/sink in petrol

Cork Water

Ice

Sand

Mercury

7.0 Conclusion:

Different substances have different densities.

2d

2a,b

2c

C2:3√