29.2 neurons set up cornell notes on pg. 47 topic: 29.2 nervous system and neurons essential...
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29.2 Neurons Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 47•Topic: 29.2 Nervous System and Neurons
•Essential Question(s):
1.Draw and label a neuron on pg. 46 in picture bubble map format.
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
29.2 Nervous System and Neurons
KEY CONCEPT The nervous system is composed of highly specialized cells.
29.2 Neurons
KEY CONCEPT The nervous system is composed of highly specialized cells.
29.2 Neurons
Cell body
Dendrites
axon
Neurons (aka nerve cells)are cells that can store information and send and receive messages within the nervous system.
• Make up an information network (Like the internet)
neurotransmitter
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Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
1 Cell body
29.2 Neurons
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells
Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
2 dendrites
29.2 Neurons
3 axon
2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells
Neurons are highly specialized cells.
• A neuron has three parts.
1. cell body has nucleus and organelles
3. axon carries messages to other cells
Specialized support cells- such as the myelin sheath- insulate neurons’ axons and helps them send messages
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Synapse
Synapse: Gaps between neurons
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Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters: Chemical signals released by neurons. Carry information from neuron to neuron.
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Dendrites receive action potential
Action Potential: Electrical impulse that carries messages
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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NEURON
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Dendrites of next neuron
NEURON
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Dendrites of next neuron
Synapse (gap)
Axon terminal
Axon terminal: releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals)
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Cell body
Dendrites
Draw and label this neuron on p. 46:
axon
Myelin sheath
Axon terminal
NEURON
Action potential
Neurotransmitters
Synapse
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• Neurons transmit information in the form of electrical and chemical impulses– When a neuron is stimulated, it produces an electrical
signal (action potential) within that neuron– Before it can move to the next cell it changes into a
chemical signal (neurotransmitter)– You react
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– Electrical Impulse reaches terminal.
impulse
terminal
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– Electrical Impulse reaches terminal.
impulse
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– Electrical Impulse reaches terminal.
synapse
receptorvesicles
impulse
neurotransmitter
– Neurotransmitters (chemicals) release into synapse.
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– Electrical Impulse reaches terminal.– Neurotransmitters (chemicals) release into synapse.
impulse
synapse
receptorvesicles
neurotransmitter
– Neurotransmitters stimulate next cell.
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How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?
29.2 Neurons
How does the structure of a neuron make it effective in carrying out the functions of the nervous system?
Neurons have long extensions called axons, which allow messages to be carried long distances without having to pass the signal to another cell.
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Types of Neurons Picture Tree Map
Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons
• Function • Location
• Function • Location
• Function • Location
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There are 3 types of neurons:
1)Sensory neurons
2)Interneurons
3)Motor neurons
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1. Sensory Neurons:• The dendrites of these neurons act as sensory
receptors• Function: They gather information and carry
impulses into the brain and spinal cord•Located in PNS
Outside:Light &SoundIntensities
Inside:TemperatureOxygen LevelspH Levels
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2)Interneurons:• Receive signals from sensory neurons and relay them within the brain and spinal cord• Function: Process and interpret messages in the CNS
• Located in CNS
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3)Motor neurons: •Pass messages from the central nervous system to the other tissues in the body, such as muscles•Function: Carry nerve impulses out of the brain or spinal cord to effectors
•Effectors: muscles and glands•Located in the PNS.
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2. ________________
3. ______________
4. _____________
1._______________
5._____________
Key: Motor Neurons Effectors Receptors Sensory Neurons Interneurons
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2. Sensory Neurons
3. Interneurons
4. Motor Neurons
1. Receptors
5. Effectors
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• The nervous system can:• Detect changes in the body• Make decisions based on the info received • Stimulate muscles and/or glands to respond• Counteract changes to maintain homeostasis
In a nutshell….
29.2 Neurons
Neurons (nerve cells) are cells that can store information and send and receive messages.
In a paragraph, hypothesize how drug or alcohol use might affect neurons?