2.wcdma rno handover procedure analysis guidance-20041101-a-2.0
TRANSCRIPT
Product name Confidentiality level
WCDMA RNP For internal use only
Product version Total 92pages
V100R001
WCDMA RNO Handover Procedure Analysis
Guidance
For internal use only
Prepared by URNP-SANA Date 2004-2-19
Reviewed by Date
Reviewed by Date
Granted by Date
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All rights reserved
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Revision record
Date Revision version
change Description
Author
2003-10-30 Initial transmittal Zang Liang
2003-11-18 Initial transmittal revised Zang Liang
2004-11-01 2.0 Change the version, no content updated. Qinyan
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Table of Contents
1 Handover Concept ................................................................................................................... 7
2 Classification of Handovers ..................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Soft Handover .................................................................................................................... 7
2.1.2 Softer handover ............................................................................................................ 8
2.1.3 Soft Handover ............................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Hard Handover ................................................................................................................. 12
2.2.1 Inter-frequency Hard Handover .................................................................................. 12
2.2.2 Intra-frequency Hard Handover .................................................................................. 14
2.2.3 Inter-RAT Hard Handover .......................................................................................... 15
3 Signaling Procedures and Message Analyses of Handover Procedures .............................. 16
3.1 Measurement Control and Measurement Report ............................................................ 17
3.1.1 Measurement Procedures .......................................................................................... 17
3.1.2 Measurement Control ................................................................................................. 19
3.1.3 Measurement Report .................................................................................................. 24
3.2 Soft Handover Procedure Analysis .................................................................................. 27
3.2.1 General Description of the Active Set Update Procedure ......................................... 27
3.2.2 Analysis of Soft Handover Related IEs ...................................................................... 28
3.2.3 Active Set Update Procedure ..................................................................................... 34
3.2.4 Soft Handover Signaling Procedures Analysis .......................................................... 39
3.3 Hard Handover Procedure Analysis ................................................................................. 46
3.3.1 General Description of the Hard Handover Procedure .............................................. 46
3.3.2 Analysis of Hard Handover Related IEs ..................................................................... 50
3.3.3 Hard Handover Signaling Procedure ......................................................................... 75
3.4 Inter-RAT Handover Procedure Analysis ......................................................................... 79
3.4.1 General Description of the inter-RAT handover procedure ....................................... 79
3.4.2 Analysis of Inter-RAT Hard Handover Related IEs .................................................... 81
3.4.3 Inter-RAT Hard Handover Signaling Procedure ........................................................ 87
4 Performance Analysis of Handover Procedure ..................................................................... 90
4.1 Performance Indicators and Analysis of Soft Handover .................................................. 90
4.2 Hard Handover Performance Indicators and Analysis ..................................................... 91
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List of Tables
Table1 IEs in a measurement control message ..................................................................... 20
Table2 IEs in a measurement report message ...................................................................... 25
Table3 Measured results IE ................................................................................................... 25
Table4 Event results IE .......................................................................................................... 26
Table5 IEs in an active set update message ......................................................................... 28
Table6 Table 6 Radio link addition information IE ................................................................. 31
Table7 IEs in an active set update complete message ......................................................... 31
Table8 IEs in an active set update failure message .............................................................. 33
Table9 Active set update failure causes ................................................................................ 33
Table10 IEs in a RADIO BEARER ESTABLISHMENT message ............................................ 50
Table11 IEs in a RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION message ....................................... 56
Table12 IEs in a RADIO BEARER RELEASE message ......................................................... 61
Table13 IEs in a TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message ......................... 67
Table14 IEs in a PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message .............................. 72
Table15 IEs in a HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message ..................................... 81
Table16 IEs in a HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND message .......................................... 82
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List of Figures
Figure 1 Softer handover (Intra-NodeB, Inter-cell and intra-frequency handover) .................... 9
Figure 2 Soft handover (Intra-NodeB, inter-cell and intra-frequency handover) ...................... 10
Figure 3 Soft handover (intra-RNC, inter-NodeB and intra-frequency handover) ................... 11
Figure 4 Soft handover (inter-RNS and intra-frequency handover) ......................................... 12
Figure 5 Hard handover (intra-NodeB, inter-cell and inter-frequency handover) .................... 13
Figure 6 Hard handover (intra-RNS, inter-NodeB and inter-frequency handover) .................. 13
Figure 7 Inter-frequency hard handover ................................................................................... 14
Figure 8 Intra-frequency hard handover (inter-RNS without lur) .............................................. 15
Figure 9 Intra-frequency hard handover (of the PS BE service beyond the rate threshold).... 15
Figure 10 Inter-RAT hard handover .................................................................................. 16
Figure 11 Measurement control and measurement report ............................................... 19
Figure 12 Measurement control procedure, normal case ................................................. 19
Figure 13 Measurement control procedure, failure case .................................................. 20
Figure 14 Measurement report, normal case .................................................................... 25
Figure 15 Active Set Update procedure, successful case ................................................ 27
Figure 16 Active Set Update procedure, failure case ....................................................... 28
Figure 17 Active set update procedure (successful and failure cases) ............................ 34
Figure 18 Radio link addition signaling procedure ............................................................ 40
Figure 19 Radio link deletion signaling procedure ............................................................ 42
Figure 20 Combined radio link addition and deletion signaling procedure ....................... 44
Figure 21 Radio bearer establishment, normal case ........................................................ 47
Figure 22 Radio bearer establishment, failure case ......................................................... 47
Figure 23 Radio bearer reconfiguration, normal case ...................................................... 48
Figure 24 Radio bearer reconfiguration, failure case ....................................................... 48
Figure 25 Radio bearer release, normal case .................................................................. 48
Figure 26 Radio bearer release, failure case .................................................................... 48
Figure 27 Transport channel reconfiguration, normal case .............................................. 49
Figure 28 Transport channel reconfiguration, failure case ............................................... 49
Figure 29 Physical channel reconfiguration, normal case ................................................ 49
Figure 30 Physical channel reconfiguration, failure case ................................................. 50
Figure 31 Hard handover signaling procedure (with Iur interface and the UE in CELL_DCH state) ....................................................................................................................... 76
Figure 32 Cross-CN hard handover signaling procedure ................................................. 78
Figure 33 Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN, successful case ......................................... 79
Figure 34 Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN, failure case ................................................ 80
Figure 35 Inter-RAT handover to UTRAN ......................................................................... 80
Figure 36 UTRAN GSM/BSS inter-RAT hard handover signaling procedure .............. 87
Figure 37 GSM/BSS UTRAN inter-RAT hard handover signaling procedure .............. 89
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WCDMA RNO Handover Procedure Analysis
Key words:Handover procedure, soft handover, hard handover, inter-RAT handover
Abstract:This document introduces the classification of WCDMA handovers, analyzes in
details the signaling procedures of handover measurement, soft handover, hard
handover and inter-RAT hard handover procedures, and describes the handover
performance indicators.
List of abbreviations:
Abbreviations Full spelling
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1 Handover Concept
Handovers are an inevitable issue where a mobile communication system is concerned, and
play a very important role in a WCDMA system. It is one of the most important methods to
implement a seamless coverage and improve the communication quality.
In short, a handover is to transfer a UE connection from one radio link to another to
accommodate the change of radio link caused by UE’s crossing over cells, load adjustment of
network or other reasons.
2 Classification of Handovers
Handovers are of two types, i.e. soft handover and hard handover. Roughly speaking, the
difference between them is that in a soft handover a new connection is established before the
existing one is disconnected, while in a hard handover it is the vice versa.
Soft handovers can be further categorized into softer handover and soft handover.
Hard handovers can be further categorized into intra-frequency hard handover,
inter-frequency hard handover and inter-system handover.
2.1 Soft Handover
Definition: A soft handover means that there will always remain at least one radio link
between the UE and UTRAN when radio links are added or removed. The merits of soft
handovers are as follows:
Without interrupting communications, soft handovers can improve the handover success
rate.
Soft handovers implement selection combination and achieve diversity gain and therefore
can improve the coverage and radio link performance.
Featured with high handover performance and low call-drop possibility when failed, soft
handovers can improve the call quality of UEs on cell edges.
However, a soft handover can occur only when the target handover cell and source
handover cell operate at the same frequency, and the UE in the soft handover state must keep
communicating with the two (or more) cells simultaneously, thus taking up more radio
resources in the downlink.
A soft handover is an intra-frequency handover of which the target and source cells must
meet either of the following two conditions:
1) Belong to the same RNC;
2) Belong to different RNCs with a lur interface between them.
Soft handovers can be categorized into softer handover and soft handover. The difference
between them is that in a softer handover radio links are combined within the NodeB, while in a
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soft handover radio links are combined within the RNC. They are defined in details in subsequent
sections respectively.
2.1.2 Softer handover
A softer handover happens between cells of the same frequency and same base station
(NodeB). Radio links are combined within a NodeB. As a special kind of soft handover, softer
hand over implements the uplink RAKE combination (with the downlink being already RAKE
combination) with more combination gain and better link performance than soft handover, while
using no extra lub/lur interface resources.
A softer handover will cause the following activities:
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to the same base station;
Changing the allocation of physical channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization code
and scrambling code;
Combining radio links within the NodeB.
The procedures of a softer handover are illustrated in Figure 1 below, with the radio links
combined (RAKE combination) within the NodeB.
Figure 1 (i) shows that there is a radio link between the UE and the source cell before the
handover occurs.
Figure 1 (ii) shows that the softer handover occurs, and the UE is in macro diversity
handover state with the two links combined within NodeB.
Figure 1 (iii) shows that the softer handover completes and the radio link between the UE
and the source cell is removed.
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SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(iii)
Intra Node B (Inter Cell)
Figure 1 Softer handover (Intra-NodeB, Inter-cell and intra-frequency handover)
2.1.3 Soft Handover
1. A soft handover happens between different cells of the same frequency and same NodeB.
Radio links are combined within the RNC rather than within NodeB (softer handover) because of
the NodeB implementation or signaling reasons. Its network structure is the same as that of a
softer handover, but with a different implementation mechanism.
An intra-NodeB, inter-cell and intra-frequency soft handover will cause the following
activities:
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to the same base
station;
Re-allocating physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization
code and scrambling code;
Combining radio links within the RNC.
The procedures of an intra-NodeB soft handover are illustrated in Figure 2 below.
Figure 2 (i) shows that there is a radio link between the UE and the source cell before the
handover occurs.
Figure 2 (ii) shows that the soft handover occurs, and the UE is in macro diversity handover
state with the two links combined within the RNC.
Figure 2 (iii) shows that the soft handover completes and the radio link between the UE and
source cell is removed.
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SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(iii)
Intra Node B (Inter Cell)
Figure 2 Soft handover (Intra-NodeB, inter-cell and intra-frequency handover)
2. An intra-RNC and inter-NodeB soft handover will cause the following activities:
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to different base
stations in the same RNC;
Re-allocating physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization
code and scrambling code;
Combining radio links within the RNC.
The procedures of an intra-RNC and inter-NodeB soft handover are illustrated in Figure 3
below.
Figure 3 (i) shows that there is a radio link between the UE and the source cell before the
handover occurs.
Figure 3 (ii) shows that the soft handover occurs, and the UE is in macro diversity handover
state with the two links combined within the RNC.
Figure 3 (iii) shows that the soft handover completes and the radio link between the UE and
source cell is removed.
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SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(iii)
Inter Node B (Intra RNS)
Figure 3 Soft handover (intra-RNC, inter-NodeB and intra-frequency handover)
3. An inter-RNC, inter-NodeB and intra-frequency soft handover will cause the following
activities:
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to different base
stations in different RNCs;
Changing the allocation of physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as
channelization code and scrambling code;
Combining radio links within SRNC.
The procedures of such a soft handover are illustrated in Figure 4 below, with the radio links
combined within the SRNC via a lur interface.
Figure 4 (i) shows that there is a radio link between the UE and the source cell before the
handover occurs.
Figure 4 (ii) shows that the soft handover occurs, and the UE is in macro diversity handover
state with the two links combined within the SRNC via the lur interface.
Figure 4 (iiI) shows that the soft handover completes and the radio link between the UE and
source cell is removed.
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SRNS
UTRAN
DRNS
SRNS
UTRAN
RNS SRNS
UTRAN
DRNS
CN(UMTS)
SRNC RNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC DRNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(ii)
CN(UMTS)
SRNC DRNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(iii)
Inter RNS
Soft Handover
Figure 4 Soft handover (inter-RNS and intra-frequency handover)
2.2 Hard Handover
A hard handover happens when the UE releases the original radio link and then sets up a
new one. Because a hard handover will release the existing connection before setting up a new
one, it will cause temporary communication interruption.
Hard handovers can be further categorized into intra-frequency hard handover,
inter-frequency hard handover and inter-system handover.
2.2.1 Inter-frequency Hard Handover
1. An intra-NodeB, inter-cell and inter-frequency hard handover will cause the following
activities:
Altering the UE cell, with the target and source cells belonging to the same NodeB;
Changing the frequency;
Re-allocating physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization
code and scrambling code.
Re-allocating transport channels, e.g. the number of transport channels and TFS.
The procedures of such a hard handover are illustrated in Figure 5 below. The radio link
between the UE and the cell as shown in Figure 5 (i) is released first before the radio link
between the UE and the cell as shown in Figure 5 (ii) is set up.
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SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
Intra Node B (Inter Cell)
Figure 5 Hard handover (intra-NodeB, inter-cell and inter-frequency handover)
2. An intra-RNC, inter-NodeB and inter-frequency hard handover can only take place
between adjacent NodeBs at different frequencies, and will cause the following activities:
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to different NodeBs
in the same RNC;
Changing the frequency;
Re-allocating physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization
code and scrambling code;
Re-allocating transport channels, e.g. the number of transport channels and TFS.
The procedures of such a hard handover are illustrated in Figure 6 below. The radio link
between the UE and the cell as shown in Figure 6 (i) is released first before the radio link
between the UE and the cell as shown in Figure 6 (ii) is set up.
.
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
Inter Node B (Intra RNS)
Figure 6 Hard handover (intra-RNS, inter-NodeB and inter-frequency handover)
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3. An inter-RNS and inter-frequency handover via the lur interface without changing the
SRNC will cause the following activities :
Altering the serving cell, with the target and source cells belonging to different RNCs;
Changing the frequency;
Re-allocating physical and transport channels, e.g. parameters such as channelization
code and scrambling code;
Re-allocating transport channels, e.g. the number of transport channels and TFS.
Figure 7 (i) shows the original radio link with the UE.
Figure 7 (ii) shows that the UE releases the original radio link, sets up another one in the
target cell and then sets up a new radio link via the lur interface with the original SRNC.
SRNS
UTRAN
RNS SRNS
UTRAN
DRNS
CN(UMTS)
SRNC RNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC DRNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(ii)
Inter RNS
Hard Handover
Figure 7 Inter-frequency hard handover
2.2.2 Intra-frequency Hard Handover
1. The procedures of an intra-UTRAN, inter-RNS and intra-frequency handover without lur
interface are illustrated in Figure 8 below. Figure 8 (i) shows the original radio link with the UE.
Figure 8 (ii) shows that the UE releases the original radio link, sets up another one in the target
cell and then sets up a new radio link with the new SNRC.
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SRNS
UTRAN
RNS RNS
UTRAN
SRNS
CN(UMTS)
SRNC RNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(i)CN(UMTS)
RNC SRNC
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1 N/Ap2
(ii)
Inter RNS (Intra UTRAN)
No Iur
Figure 8 Intra-frequency hard handover (inter-RNS without lur)
2. An intra-frequency hard handover also occurs for the handover of a high-speed PS Best
Effort service which is beyond the rate threshold, because a soft handover would use too much
capacity in the downlink. Figure (i) shows the original radio link with the UE. Figure (ii) shows that
the UE releases the original radio link and then sets up another one between adjacent
intra-frequency cells in the same SRNC.
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(i)CN(UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
N/Ap1
(ii)
Inter Node B (Intra RNS)
Figure 9 Intra-frequency hard handover (of the PS BE service beyond the rate threshold)
2.2.3 Inter-RAT Hard Handover
Figure 10 illustrates inter-RAT handovers between WCDMA FDD system and GSM system.
Figure 10 (i) and (ii) illustrate an inter-RAT handover from the 3G WCDMA to the 2G GSM.
Figure 10 (iii) and (iv) illustrate an inter-RAT handover from the 2G GSM to the 3G WCDMA.
Figure 10 (v) and (vi) illustrate another kind of inter-RAT handover from the 2G GSM to the 3G
WCDMA.
Figure 10 (i) shows the original radio link with the UE in the WCDMA system. Figure 10 (ii)
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shows that the UE releases the original radio link and sets up another one in the GSM system.
Figure 10 (iii) shows the original radio link with the UE in the GSM system. Figure 10 (iv)
shows that the UE releases the original radio link and sets up another one in the WCDMA
system.
Figure 10 (v) shows the original radio link with the UE in the GSM system. Figure 10 (vi)
shows that the UE releases the original radio link and sets up two links in the WCDMA system.
RNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
SRNS
UTRAN
CN (UMTS)N/Ap1 N/Ap2
CN (UMTS)N/Ap1 N/Ap2
CN (UMTS)N/Ap1 N/Ap2
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
(i) (ii)
RNC
NodeB NodeB
(iii)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
(iv)
GSM/GPRS BSS RNC
NodeB NodeB
GSM/GPRS BSS
GSM/GPRS BSS GSM/GPRS BSS
CN (UMTS)N/Ap1 N/Ap2
RNS
UTRAN
RNC
NodeB NodeB
(v) (vi)
Intra CN
UTRAN/GSM
GSM/GPRS BSS
SRNS
UTRAN
CN (UMTS)
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
GSM/GPRS BSS
CN (UMTS)N/Ap1 N/Ap2 N/Ap1 N/Ap2
Figure 10 Inter-RAT hard handover
3 Signaling Procedures and Message Analyses of Handover Procedures
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A typical handover procedure is as follows: measurement controlàmeasurement
reportàhandover decisionàhandover implementationànew measurement control.
At the measurement control stage, the UTRAN will send measurement control messages to
inform the UE of the parameters to be measured. At the measurement report stage, the UE will
send measurement report messages to the UTRAN. At the handover decision stage, the UTRAN
will make a handover decision based on the measurement report received. At the handover
implementation stage, the UE and UTRAN will implement the signaling procedure and respond
to signaling messages.
The handover decision stage will be described in details in the “Handover Algorithm
Analysis”, and therefore, will not be repeated here.
3.1 Measurement Control and Measurement Report
3.1.1 Measurement Procedures
The UE measurements are classified into the following 7 types:
Intra-frequency measurements.
Inter-frequency measurements.
Inter-RAT measurements.
Traffic volume measurements: Measurements on uplink traffic volume.
Quality measurements: Measurements of quality parameters, e.g. downlink transport
BLER (Block Error Rate).
UE-internal measurements: Measurements of UE transmission power and RSSI
(Received Signal Level).
UE positioning measurements: Measurement of UE position.
Because various functions or procedures in the UTRAN, such as cell reselection, handover
and power control, will use these measurements, the UE shall support a number of
measurements running in parallel, and shall also support that each measurement is controlled
and reported independent of others.
Cells that the UE measures are classified into three different categories, i.e. Active Set,
Monitored Set and Detected Set.
UTRAN may control any measurement in the UE either by broadcasting system information
and/or by transmitting MEASUREMENT CONTROL message. The latter message includes the
following measurement control information:
1. Measurement identity: A reference number that should be used by the UTRAN when
setting up, modifying or releasing the measurement and by the UE in the measurement report.
2. Measurement command: One out of three different measurement commands.
- Setup: Setup a new measurement.
- Modify: Modify a previously defined measurement, e.g. to change the reporting criteria.
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- Release: Stop a measurement and clear all information in the UE that are related to that
measurement.
3. Measurement type: One of the types listed above describing what the UE shall measure.
Presence or absence of the following control information depends on the measurement type.
4. Measurement objects: The objects the UE shall measure, and corresponding object
information.
5. Measurement quantity: The quantity the UE shall measure. This also includes the
filtering of the measurements.
6. Reporting quantities: The quantities the UE shall include in the report in addition to the
quantities that are mandatory to report for the specific event.
7. Measurement reporting criteria: The triggering of the measurement report, e.g.
periodical or event-triggered reporting.
8. Measurement Validity: Defines in which UE states the measurement is valid.
9. Measurement reporting mode: This specifies whether the UE shall transmit the
measurement report using AM or UM RLC.
10. Additional measurement identities: A list of references to other measurements. When
this measurement triggers a measurement report, the UE shall also include the reporting
quantities for the measurements referenced by the additional measurement identities.
When the reporting criteria are fulfilled, for example, a specified event occurred or the time
of periodical reporting comes, the UE shall send a MEASUREMENT REPORT message to
UTRAN.
In the “measurement reporting mechanism” field of a measurement control message, the
network will inform the UE which events should be reported. All the events concerning
intra-frequency measurements are labeled “1X”; those concerning inter-frequency
measurements are labeled “2X”; those concerning inter-system measurements are labeled “3X”.
An inter-frequency/inter-RAT hard handover may require to start up the compressed mode for
inter-frequency/inter-system measurements.
Figure 11 shows the signaling procedures of the measurement control and reporting
procedures. The SRNC-RRC sends a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message to the UE-RRC to
ask the UE to perform a measurement and report it. The UE-RRC sends a primitive to the UE-L1
layer to configure it for the measurement. The UE-L1 layer, after the primary smooth processing,
sends a primitive to the UE-RRC to report the measurement results. The UE-RRC, after the
secondary smooth processing, sends a MEASUREMENT REPORT message to the SRNC-RRC
when the reporting criteria are fulfilled.
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UE-RRC UE-L1 SRNC-RRC
Uu Iub
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
Reporting
criteria
fulfilled
CPHY-Measurement-REQ
CPHY-Measurement-IND
MEASUREMENT REPORT
CPHY-Measurement-IND
Measurement
Measurement
Figure 11 Measurement control and measurement report
3.1.2 Measurement Control
The purpose of the measurement control procedure is to setup, modify or release a
measurement in the UE. The normal and failure cases of the measurement control procedure are
illustrated respectively in Figure 12 and Figure 13 below.
UE UTRAN
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
Figure 12 Measurement control procedure, normal case
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UE UTRAN
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE
Figure 13 Measurement control procedure, failure case
1. Initiation of the measurement control procedure
The UTRAN may request a measurement by the UE to be setup, modified or released with a
MEASUREMENT CONTROL message, which is transmitted on the downlink DCCH using AM
RLC.
When a new measurement is created, UTRAN should set the IE "Measurement identity" to a
value, which is not used for other measurements. UTRAN may use several "Measurement
identity" for the same "Measurement type". In case of setting several "Measurement identity"
within a same "Measurement type", the measurement object or the list of measurement objects
can be set differently for each measurement with different "Measurement identity ".
When a current measurement is modified or released, UTRAN should set the IE
"Measurement identity" to the value, which is used for the measurement being modified or
released. In case of modifying IEs within a "Measurement identity", it is not needed for UTRAN to
indicate the IEs other than modified IEs, and the UE continues to use the current values of the
IEs that are not modified.
2. Information elements in a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message
IEs (information elements) in a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message are listed in the table
below.
Table1 IEs in a measurement control message
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Information Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference
Semantics description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC transaction identifier 10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check info 10.3.3.16
Measurement Information elements
Measurement Identity MP Measurement Identity10.3.7.48
Measurement Command MP Measurement Command 10.3.7.46
Measurement Reporting Mode
OP Measurement Reporting Mode 10.3.7.49
Additional measurements list OP Additional measurements list 10.3.7.1
CHOICE Measurement type CV command
>Intra-frequency measurement
Intra-frequency measurement 10.3.7.36
>Inter-frequency measurement
Inter-frequency measurement 10.3.7.16
>Inter-RAT measurement Inter-RAT measurement 10.3.7.27
>UE positioning measurement
UE positioning measurement 10.3.7.100
>Traffic Volume measurement
Traffic Volume measurement 10.3.7.68
>Quality measurement Quality measurement 10.3.7.56
>UE internal measurement UE internal measurement 10.3.7.77
Physical channel
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Information Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference
Semantics description
information elements
DPCH compressed mode status info
OP DPCH compressed mode status info 10.3.6.34
Notes on IEs in yellow:
Measurement identity: Used to identify different types of measurements or the same type of
measurements with different objects. Because one measurement control message is used to
assign one measurement ID, the UE in the DCH mode should receive at least two succeeding
measurement control messages. A measurement ID is assigned by the UTRAN to set up a
measurement, used by it to modify or release the measurement and used by the UE to send a
certain type of measurement report. Up to 16 (depending upon the "Measurement Identity")
measurements can be initiated simultaneously in the UE. According to the present handover
algorithms, Measurement identity can be 1,2,9, of which “1” is used for intra-frequency
measurements and assistant soft handover decisions, including 1a~1f events; “2” is used to
activate or de-activate the compressed mode, including 2d and 2f events; “9” is used for
inter-frequency periodical measurements.
Measurement command: The type of the UTRAN-initiated measurement control. Three
types are available, i.e. Setup, Modify and Release. Another measurement setup message will
be ignored if the measurement has been set up.
Measurement Reporting Mode: Including the Measurement Report Transfer Mode and
Periodical Reporting/Event Trigger Reporting Mode. The Measurement Report Transfer Mode
includes the AM (Acknowledged Mode) and UM (Unacknowledged Mode), which should be
selected based on the report type. In the case of an event report, the AM RLC should be used to
ensure a successful transfer. In the case of a periodical report, the UM RLC should be selected.
The Event Trigger Reporting Mode is often used during handovers. Intra-frequency
measurements and soft handovers focus on 1a~1f events while inter-frequency measurements
and inter-frequency hard handovers focus on 2a events.
For details on other IEs, please refer to protocol 25.331 and reference document[5].
3. Procedure
Upon reception of a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message sent by the UTRAN on the
downlink DCCH using AM RLC, the UE will:
- read the IE "Measurement command";
- if the IE "measurement command" has the value "setup":
- store this measurement in the variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY according to the IE
"measurement identity";
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- for measurement types "inter-RAT measurement" or "inter-frequency measurement":
- if, according to its measurement capabilities, the UE requires compressed mode to
perform the measurements and a compressed mode pattern sequence with an
appropriate measurement purpose is simultaneously activated by the IE "DPCH
compressed mode status info"; or
- if, according to its measurement capabilities, the UE does not require
compressed mode to perform the measurements:
- for any other measurement type:
- begin measurements according to the stored control information for this
measurement identity.
- if the IE "Measurement command" has the value "modify":
- for all measurement control present in the MEASUREMENT CONTROL message:
- if a measurement was stored in the variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY associated to the identity by the IE "measurement identity":
- replace the corresponding information stored in variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY associated to the identity indicated by the IE "measurement identity";
- resume the measurements according to the new stored measurement control information.
- otherwise:
- set the variable CONFIGURATION_INCOMPLETE to TRUE;
- if the IE "measurement command" has the value "release":
- terminate the measurement associated with the identity given in the IE "measurement
identity";
- clear all stored measurement control information related associated to this
measurement identity in variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY.
- and the procedure ends.
If UTRAN instructs the UE to perform a measurement that is not supported by the UE, the UE shall:
- retain the measurement configuration that was valid before the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message was received;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE
message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the MEASUREMENT
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CONTROL message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS
and clear that entry.
- set the cause value in IE "failure cause" to "unsupported measurement";
- submit the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE message to lower layers for
transmission on the DCCH using AM RLC;
- and the procedure ends.
If the variable CONFIGURATION_INCOMPLETE is set to TRUE, the UE shall:
- retain the measurement configuration that was valid before the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message was received;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE
message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS
and clear that entry;
- set the cause value in IE "failure cause" to "Configuration incomplete";
- submit the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE message to lower layers for
transmission on the DCCH using AM RLC;
- and the procedure ends.
If the MEASUREMENT CONTROL message contains a protocol error, the UE shall:
- retain the measurement configuration that was valid before the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message was received;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE
message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS
and clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to the cause value "protocol error";
- submit the MEASUREMENT CONTROL FAILURE message to lower layers for
transmission on the DCCH using AM RLC;
- and the procedure ends.
3.1.3 Measurement Report
The purpose of the measurement reporting procedure is to transfer measurement results
from the UE to UTRAN. The normal case of the measurement report is illustrated in figure below.
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UE UTRAN
MEASUREMENT REPORT
Figure 14 Measurement report, normal case
In CELL_DCH state, the UE shall transmit a MEASUREMENT REPORT message on the
uplink DCCH when the reporting criteria stored in variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY are met
for any ongoing measurements that are being performed in the UE.
1. IEs in a measurement report message
IEs (information elements) in a MEASUREMENT REPORT message are listed in the table
below.
Table2 IEs in a measurement report message
Information Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference
Semantics description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information elements
Integrity check info CH Integrity check info 10.3.3.16
Measurement Information Elements
Measurement identity MP Measurement identity 10.3.7.48
Measured Results OP Measured Results 10.3.7.44
Measured Results on RACH
OP Measured Results on RACH 10.3.7.45
Additional Measured results
OP 1 to <maxAdditionalMeas>
>Measured Results MP Measured Results 10.3.7.44
Event results OP Event results 10.3.7.7
IE “Measured results” is described in table below.
Table3 Measured results IE
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Information Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference
CHOICE Measurement
MP
>Intra-frequency measured results list
>Inter-frequency measured results list
>Inter-RAT measured results list
>Traffic volume measured results list
>Quality measured results list
>UE Internal measured results
>UE positioning measured results
This IE contains the measured results of the quantities as specified by the “reporting
quantities” in the measurement control message.
IE “Event results” is described in table below.
Table4 Event results IE
Information Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference
Semantics description
CHOICE event result MP
>Intra-frequency measurement event results
>Inter-frequency measurement event results
>Inter-RAT measurement event results
For IS-2000 results, include fields of the Pilot Strength Measurement Message from subclause 2.7.2.3.2.5 of TIA/EIA/IS-2000.5
>Traffic volume measurement event results
>Quality measurement event results
>UE internal measurement event results
>UE positioning measurement event results
For details on other IEs, please refer to protocol 25.331 and reference document[5].
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2. Procedure
For the measurement, which triggered the MEASUREMENT REPORT message, the UE shall:
- set the IE "measurement identity" to the measurement identity, which is associated with
that measurement in variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY, i.e. the “measurement identity”
in the MEASUREMENT CONTROL message;
- set the IE "measured results" to include measurements according to the IE "reporting
quantity" of that measurement stored in variable MEASUREMENT_IDENTITY; and
- if all the reporting quantities are set to “false”,
- not set the IE "measured results";
- if the MEASUREMENT REPORT message was triggered by an event,
set the IE "Event results" according to the event that triggered the report.
The UE shall:
- transmit the MEASUREMENT REPORT message on the uplink DCCH using either AM or
UM RLC according to the stored IE "measurement reporting mode" associated with the
measurement identity that triggered the report.
When the MEASUREMENT REPORT message has been submitted to lower layers for transmission:
- the procedure ends.
3.2 Soft Handover Procedure Analysis
3.2.1 General Description of the Active Set Update Procedure
The purpose of the active set update procedure is to update the active set of the connection
between the UE and UTRAN. The UE should keep on using the old RLs while configuring the
new RLs. Also the UE should keep the transmitter turned on during the procedure. This
procedure is only used in FDD mode. The successful and failure cases of the active set update
procedure are illustrated respectively in Figure 15 and Figure 16 below.
UE UTRAN
ACTIVE SET UPDATE
ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE
Figure 15 Active Set Update procedure, successful case
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UE UTRAN
ACTIVE SET UPDATE
ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE
Figure 16 Active Set Update procedure, failure case
The procedure is initiated when UTRAN orders a UE in CELL_DCH state, to make the
following modifications of the active set of the connection:
a) Radio link addition;
b) Radio link removal;
c) Combined radio link addition and removal;
In case a) and c), UTRAN should:
- prepare new additional radio link(s) in the UTRAN prior to the command to the UE.
In all cases, the UTRAN should:
- send an ACTIVE SET UPDATE message on downlink DCCH using AM or UM RLC.
3.2.2 Analysis of Soft Handover Related IEs
1. ACTIVE SET UPDATE message
This message is sent by UTRAN to the UE.
RLC-SAP: AM ; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in an active set update message are listed in table below.
Table5 IEs in an active set update message
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information
elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode
info
OP Integrity
protection mode
info 10.3.3.19
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Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering mode
info 10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now".
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI
10.3.3.47
CN information
elements
CN Information info OP CN Information
info 10.3.1.3
RB information
elements
Downlink counter
synchronisation info
OP
>RB with PDCP
information list
OP 1 to
<maxR
BallRA
Bs>
This IE is needed for
each RB having
PDCP in the case of
lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP
information
MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
Phy CH information
elements
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MD Maximum
allowed UL TX
power 10.3.6.39
Default value is the
existing "maximum
UL TX power.
Downlink radio
resources
Radio link addition
information
OP 1 to
<maxR
L-1>
Radio link addition
information required
for each RL to add
>Radio link addition
information
MP Radio link
addition
information
10.3.6.68
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Radio link removal
information
OP 1 to
<maxR
L>
Radio link removal
information required
for each RL to
remove
>Radio link removal
information
MP Radio link
removal
information
10.3.6.69
TX Diversity Mode MD TX Diversity
Mode 10.3.6.86
Default value is the
existing TX diversity
mode.
SSDT information OP SSDT
information
10.3.6.77
The IE in yellow is an important IE which will be described in detail hereinafter.
An active set update message mainly contains such IEs as Message Type, UE information
elements, CN information elements, RB information elements and Phy CH information elements,
which are described below.
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier: Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Downlink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the downlink counter
synchronisation information, optional.
Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources element and Downlink
radio resources.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IE:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Radio link addition information: Used for radio link addition, optional.
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-Radio link removal information: Used for radio link removal, optional.
-TX Diversity Mode: Used to specify the TX diversity mode with the existing TX diversity
mode as its default value, mandatory.
-SSDT information: Used to describe SSDT information, optional.
IE “Radio link addition information” is described in the table below.
Table6 Table 6 Radio link addition information IE
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and reference Semantics
description
Primary CPICH info MP Primary CPICH info
10.3.6.60
Downlink DPCH info for
each RL
MP Downlink DPCH info for
each RL 10.3.6.21
TFCI combining indicator OP TFCI combining
indicator 10.3.6.81
SCCPCH Information for
FACH
OP SCCPCH Information
for FACH
10.3.6.70
The “Primary CPICH info” represents the scrambling code of the cell for the purpose of cell
identification. Because there are a total of 512 primary scrambling codes, the value of this IE is
within the range of 0~511. An error in this IE will result in a failed downlink synchronization of the
physical layer, thus causing the active set update procedure, namely, soft handover, to fail.
The “Downlink DPCH info for each radio link” mainly contains the elements of the downlink
DPCH, such as “DPCH frame offset” and “DL channelisation code”. An error in sending or
receiving either of these two elements will cause the soft handover to fail.
2. ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message
This message is sent by the UE to UTRAN.
RLC-SAP: AM; logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in an Active Set Update Complete message are listed in table below.
Table7 IEs in an active set update complete message
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information
elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC
transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
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Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Uplink integrity protection
activation info
OP Integrity
protection
activation info
10.3.3.17
RB Information
elements
Radio bearer uplink
ciphering activation time
info
OP RB activation
time info
10.3.4.13
Uplink counter
synchronisation info
OP
>RB with PDCP
information list
OP 1 to
<maxR
BallRA
Bs>
This IE is needed for
each RB having
PDCP in the case of
lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP
information
MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
>START list MP 1 to
<maxC
Ndomai
ns>
START [40] values for
all CN domains.
>>CN domain identity MP CN domain
identity 10.3.1.1
>>START MP START
10.3.3.38
START value to be
used in this CN
domain.
Message Type: Used to identify the message type, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier: Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Uplink integrity protection activation info: Used for uplink integrity protection, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Radio bearer uplink ciphering activation time info: Used to describe the radio bearer uplink
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ciphering activation time information, optional.
-Uplink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the uplink counter synchronisation
information, optional.
3. Active Set Update Failure message
This message is sent by the UE to UTRAN.
RLC-SAP: AM; logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in an Active Set Update Failure message are listed in table below.
Table8 IEs in an active set update failure message
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information
elements
RRC transaction
identifier
MP RRC
transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Failure cause MP Failure cause
and error
information
10.3.3.14
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier: Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Failure cause, the mandatory item, is used to report the failure cause.
An active set update failure message is used by the UE to report to the RNC the failure
cause of the active set update procedure. It is very important to analyze soft handover failures
that have caused a high call-drop ratio.
The active set update failure causes mainly include common failure causes and protocol
error causes, which are listed in table below.
Table9 Active set update failure causes
Active set update failure type Active set update failure cause
Common failure cause
Configuration unsupported
Physical channel failure
Incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration
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Compressed mode runtime error
Cell update occurred
Invalid configuration
Configuration incomplete
Unsupported measurement
Protocol error cause
ASN.1 violation or encoding error
Message type non-existent or not implemented
Message not compatible with receiver state
Information element value not comprehended
Conditional information element error
Message extension not comprehended
3.2.3 Active Set Update Procedure
Successful and failure cases of the active set update procedure are illustrated in Figure 17.
Please refer to relevant sections for details on the procedure. The figure clearly describes the
successful and failure cases of the reception of an Active Set Update message by the UE and
reception of an Active Set Update Complete/Failure message by the UTRAN. Sections 2.1.2
through 2.1.8 has detailed each sub-procedure. In failure cases, the handovers will fail, thus
increasing the call-drop rate.
Figure 17 Active set update procedure (successful and failure cases)
SRNC sends an Active Set Update message to the UE
UE procedure, successful case UE procedure, failure case
Reception of the message by
the UE, successful case
Reception of the message by the
UTRAN, successful case
Configuration unsupported
Reception of the message
by the UTRAN, failure case
Invalid configuration
Incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration
Invalid message
Wrong state
Section
a
Section
h
Section
c Section d
Section
d
Section
h
Section f
Section e
Handover succeeds Handover fails
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a)1. Reception of an ACTIVE SET UPDATE message by the UE (successful case)
Upon reception of an ACTIVE SET UPDATE message the UE shall act upon all received
information elements as specified in the protocol. The UE shall:
- first add the RLs indicated in the IE "Radio Link Addition Information";
- remove the RLs indicated in the IE "Radio Link Removal Information". If the UE active set
is full or becomes full, an RL, which is included in the IE "Radio Link Removal Information" for
removal, shall be removed before adding RL, which is included in the IE "Radio Link Addition
Information" for addition;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contained the IE "Ciphering mode info"::
- include and set the IE "Radio bearer uplink ciphering activation time info" to the value of
the variable RB_UPLINK_CIPHERING_ACTIVATION_TIME_INFO;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contained the IE "Integrity protection mode info"
with the IE "Integrity protection mode command" set to "Modify":
- include and set the IE "Integrity protection activation info" to the value of the variable
INTEGRITY_PROTECTION_ACTIVATION_INFO;
- if the variable PDCP_SN_INFO is non-empty:
- include the IE "RB with PDCP information list" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE
COMPLETE message and set it to the value of the variable PDCP_SN_INFO;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message includes the IE "TFCI combining indicator"
associated with a radio link to be added:
- configure Layer 1 to soft combine TFCI (field 2) of this new link with those links already in
the TFCI (field 2) combining set;
- if the received ACTIVE SET UPDATE message included the IE "Downlink counter
synchronisation info":
- calculate the START value,
- include the calculated START values for each CN domain in the IE "START list" in the
IE "Uplink counter synchronisation info" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message
to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in
the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS, and clear that entry;
- transmit an ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message on the uplink DCCH using AM
RLC without waiting for the Physical Layer synchronization;
- if the IE "Integrity protection mode info" was present in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE
message:
start applying the new integrity protection configuration in the uplink for signalling radio
bearer RB2 from and including the transmitted ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message;
- if the variable PDCP_SN_INFO is empty:
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contained the IE "Ciphering mode info":
- when RLC has confirmed the successful transmission of the ACTIVE SET UPDATE
COMPLETE message:
- perform the actions below;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message did not contain the IE "Ciphering mode info":
- when RLC has been requested to transmit the ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE
message:
- perform the actions below;
- if the variable PDCP_SN_INFO is non-empty:
- when RLC has confirmed the successful transmission of the ACTIVE SET UPDATE
COMPLETE message:
- for each radio bearer in the variable PDCP_SN_INFO:
- if the IE "RB started" in the variable ESTABLISHED_RABS is set to
"started":
- configure the RLC entity for that radio bearer to "continue";
- clear the variable PDCP_SN_INFO;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contained the IE "Ciphering mode info":
- set the IE "Reconfiguration" in the variable CIPHERING_STATUS to FALSE; and
- clear the variable RB_UPLINK_CIPHERING_ACTIVATION_TIME_INFO;
- if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contained the IE "Integrity protection mode info":
- set the IE "Reconfiguration" in the variable INTEGRITY_PROTECTION_INFO to FALSE; and
- clear the variable INTEGRITY_PROTECTION_ACTIVATION_INFO;
- the procedure ends on the UE side.
2. Unsupported configuration in the UE (failure case)
If UTRAN instructs the UE to use a configuration that it does not support, the UE shall:
- keep the active set as it was before the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message was received;
- transmit an ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to "configuration unsupported";
- when the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been submitted to lower layers for transmission:
- the procedure ends on the UE side.
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3. Invalid configuration (failure case)
If any of the following conditions are valid:
- a radio link indicated by the IE "Downlink DPCH info for each RL" in the IE "Radio link
addition information" has a different spreading factor than the spreading factor for the radio links
in the active set that will be established at the time indicated by the IE "Activation time"; and/or
- a radio link in the IE "Radio link addition information" is also present in the IE "Radio Link Removal Information"; and/or
- the IE "Radio Link Removal Information" contains all the radio links which are part of or will be part of the active set at the time indicated by the IE "Activation time"; and/or
- the variable INVALID_CONFIGURATION is set to TRUE:
the UE shall:
- keep the active set as it was before the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message was received;
- transmit an ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to "Invalid configuration";
- When the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been submitted to lower layers for transmission:
- the procedure ends on the UE side.
4. Incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration (failure case)
If the variable INCOMPATIBLE_SECURITY_RECONFIGURATION becomes set to TRUE
due to the received ACTIVE SET UPDATE message, the UE shall:
- transmit a ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the uplink DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to the cause value "incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration";
- when the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been delivered to lower layers for transmission:
- set the variable INCOMPATIBLE_SECURITY_RECONFIGURATION to FALSE;
- continue with any ongoing processes and procedures as if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message has not been received;
- and the procedure ends.
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If the variable ORDERED_RECONFIGURATION is set to TRUE; and
- if the activation time for the procedure that has set variable ORDERED_RECONFIGURATION and the activation time for the Active Set Update procedure are within a time window of 5 frames, the UE may:
- transmit a ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the uplink DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to the cause value "incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration";
- when the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been delivered to lower layers for transmission:
- continue with any ongoing processes and procedures as if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message has not been received;
- and the procedure ends.
e)5. Reception of the ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message by the UTRAN (successful case)
When the UTRAN has received the ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message,
- the UTRAN may remove radio link(s) that are indicated to remove to the UE in case b)
and c); and
- the procedure ends on the UTRAN side.
f)6. Reception of the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message by the UTRAN (failure case)
When the UTRAN has received the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message, the UTRAN
may delete radio links that were included in the IE "Radio Link Addition Information" for addition.
The procedure ends on the UTRAN side.
g)7. Invalid ACTIVE SET UPDATE message (failure case)
If the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message contains a protocol error causing the variable
PROTOCOL_ERROR_REJECT to be set to TRUE according to clause 9, the UE shall perform
procedure specific error handling as follows. The UE shall:
- transmit a ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the uplink DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Rejected transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to the cause value "protocol error";
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- include the IE "Protocol error information" with contents set to the value of the variable PROTOCOL_ERROR_INFORMATION;
- when the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been delivered to lower layers for transmission:
- continue with any ongoing processes and procedures as if the invalid ACTIVE SET UPDATE message has not been received;
- and the procedure ends.
h)8. Reception of an ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in wrong state (failure case)
If the UE is in another state than CELL_DCH state upon reception of the ACTIVE SET
UPDATE message, the UE shall perform procedure specific error handling as follows. The UE
shall:
- transmit a ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message on the uplink DCCH using AM RLC;
- set the IE "RRC transaction identifier" in the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message to the value of "RRC transaction identifier" in the entry for the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message in the table "Accepted transactions" in the variable TRANSACTIONS; and
- clear that entry;
- set the IE "failure cause" to the cause value "protocol error";
- include the IE "Protocol error information" with the IE "Protocol error cause" set to "Message not compatible with receiver state";
- when the ACTIVE SET UPDATE FAILURE message has been delivered to lower layers for transmission:
- continue with any ongoing processes and procedures as if the ACTIVE SET UPDATE message has not been received;
- and the procedure ends
3.2.4 Soft Handover Signaling Procedures Analysis
This section focuses on signaling procedures of three typical soft handover procedures,
which are radio link addition, radio link removal and combined radio link addition and removal.
Soft handovers only apply to FDD mode. All the procedures described below are soft handover
procedures with lur interface. Intra-RNC soft handover procedures are simpler than them, that is,
without the SRNC-DRNC part of each procedure. The procedures described in this section are
typical examples only. The signaling procedure of an actual handover must be analyzed on a
case-to-case basis.
Radio link addition signaling procedure analysis
Conditions for the soft handover-radio link addition signaling procedure are as follows:
-One or more radio links have been set up between the UE and SRNC;
-A new radio link between the UE and SNRC will be set up through a new NodeB and new
RNC.
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Because only one radio link between the UE and UTRAN will be set up, no macro diversity
combination/splitting will occur in the DRNS. The figure below illustrates the soft handover-radio
link addition signaling procedure.
UE Node B
Drift RNS
Drift
RNC
Serving
RNC
DCH-FPDCH-FP6. Downlink Synchronisation
RNSAP RNSAP
1. Radio Link Setup
Request
Start TX
description
NBAP NBAP
2. Radio Link Setup
Request
RNSAP RNSAP
4. Radio Link Setup
Response
NBAP NBAP
3. Radio Link Setup
Response
Start RX
description
Decision to setup
new RL
RRCRRC9. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete
RRCRRC
8. DCCH : Active Set Update
[Radio Link Addition]
ALCAP Iur Bearer Setup5. ALCAP Iub Bearer Setup
DCH-FPDCH-FP7. Uplink Synchronisation
Figure 18 Radio link addition signaling procedure
Signaling procedure:
1. Having decided to set up a new radio link in a new cell under the control of another RNC
(DRNC), the SRNC sends a “Radio Link Setup Request” message to the DRNC via RNSAP,
requesting the later to prepare necessary radio resources. Because the new radio link is the first
one set up between the UE and DRNC, a new lur signaling connection should be set up, which
will bear the UE related RNSAP signaling messages.
Message “Radio Link Setup Request” contains the following parameters: Cell ID, TFS,
TFCS, frequency and uplink scrambling code.
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2. The DRNC judges whether it can fulfill the request for radio resources, and if yes, sends a
NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Request” to the NodeB for it to activate the uplink RX.
Message “Radio Link Setup Request” contains the following parameters: Cell ID, TFS,
TFCS, frequency and uplink scrambling code.
3. The NodeB assigns radio resources on request, and upon the successful completion of
the allocation, sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Response” to the DRNC.
Message “Radio Link Setup Response” contains the following parameters : Signaling end
and transport addressing information message includes the following parameters: signaling end,
transport layer addressing information (AAL2 addressing and AAL2 binding ID for the data
bearer).
4. The DRNC sends a “Radio Link Setup Response” message to the SRNC via RNSAP.
Message “Radio Link Setup Response” contains the following parameters: Transport layer
addressing information (AAL2 addressing and AAL2 binding ID for the data bearer) and adjacent
cell information.
5. The SRNC initiates the establishment of the lur/lub bearer via protocol ALCAP, and
includes in the request an AAL2 binding ID used to bind the lub bearer with a DCH.
6/7. The NodeB and SRNC exchange DCH FP frames “Downlink Synchronization” and
“Uplink Synchronization” to set up bearer synchronization. NodeB activates the downlink TX.
8. The SRNC sends an “Active Set Update” message, which contains radio link addition
parameters, to the UE over the DCCH.
Parameters: Update type, cell ID, downlink scrambling code, power control information and
adjacent cell information.
9. After configuring the parameters based on the RRC message, the UE sends a RRC
message “Active Set Update Complete” to the SRNC.
Radio link deletion signaling procedure analysis
Conditions for the soft handover-radio link deletion signaling procedure are as follows:
-One or more radio links have been set up between the UE and SRNC;
-An existing UE-SRNC radio link via the DRNC will be deleted.
The figure below illustrates the soft handover-radio link deletion signaling procedure.
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UE Node B
Drift RNS
Drift
RNC
Serving
RNC
RRCRRC2. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete
Decision to delete
old RL
RNSAP RNSAP
3. Radio Link Deletion
Request
NBAP NBAP
4. Radio Link Deletion
Request
RNSAP RNSAP
6. Radio Link Deletion
Response
NBAP NBAP
5. Radio Link Deletion
Response
Stop RX and TX
RRCRRC
1. DCCH : Active Set Update
[Radio Link Deletion]
ALCAP Iur Bearer Release7. ALCAP Iub Bearer Release
Figure 19 Radio link deletion signaling procedure
Signaling procedure:
1. Having decided to delete a radio link, the SRNC sends a RRC message “Active Set
Update”, which contains radio link deletion parameters, to the UE over the DCCH.
Parameters: Update type and cell ID.
2. UE deactivates the downlink RX of the radio link to be deleted and send a RRC message
“Active Set Update Complete” to the SRNC.
3. The SRNC sends a “Radio Link Deletion Request” message to the DRNC via RNSAP.
Parameters: Cell ID and transport layer addressing information.
4. The DRNC sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Deletion Request” to NodeB for it to stop
the TX and RX.
Parameters: Cell ID and transport layer addressing information.
5. The NodeB deactivates radio resources and sends a NBAP message “Radio Link
Deletion Response” to the DRNC.
6. “Radio Link Deletion Response”. The DRNC sends a RNSAP message “Radio Link
Deletion Response” to the SRNC.
7. The SRNC initiates the release of the lur/lub bearer via protocol ALCAP.
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Combined radio link addition and deletion signaling procedure analysis
Conditions for the soft handover-combined radio link addition and deletion signaling
procedure are as follows:
-One or more radio links have been set up between the UE and SRNC;
-A new radio link between the UE and SNRC will be set up through a new NodeB and new
RNC.
-An existing UE-SRNC radio link via a NodeB in the SRNC will be deleted.
The figure below illustrates the soft handover-combined radio link addition and deletion
signaling procedure.
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7. Uplink Synchronisation
RNSAP RNSAP
1. Radio Link Setup
Request
Start TX
description
RNSAP RNSAP
4. Radio Link Setup
Response
NBAP NBAP2. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP3. Radio Link Setup Response
Start RX
description
Decision to setup
new RL and
release old RL
NBAP 10. Radio Link Deletion Request
NBAP NBAP11. Radio Link Release Response
Stop RX and TX
12. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release
RRCRRC9. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete
RRCRRC
8. DCCH : Active Set Update Command
[Radio Link Addition & Deletion]
NBAP
UE Node B
Drift RNS
Node B
Serving RNS
Drift
RNC
Serving
RNC
ALCAP Iur Bearer Setup5. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup
DCH-FPDCH-FP
DCH-FPDCH-FP
6. Downlink Synchronisation
Figure 20 Combined radio link addition and deletion signaling procedure
Signaling procedure:
1. Having decided to set up a new radio link in a new cell under the control of another RNC
(DRNC), the SRNC sends a “Radio Link Setup Request” message to the DRNC via RNSAP,
requesting the later to prepare necessary radio resources. Because the new radio link is the first
one set up between the UE and DRNC, a new lur signaling connection should be set up, which
will bear the UE related RNSAP signaling messages.
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Message “Radio Link Setup Request” contains the following parameters: Cell ID, TFS,
TFCS, frequency and uplink scrambling code.
2. The DRNC judges whether it can fulfill the request for radio resources, and if yes, sends a
NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Request” to its NodeB for it to activate the uplink RX.
Message “Radio Link Setup Request” contains the following parameters: Cell ID, TFS,
TFCS, frequency and uplink scrambling code.
3. The NodeB assigns radio resources on request, and upon the successful completion of
the allocation, sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Response” to the DRNC.
Message “Radio Link Setup Response” contains the following parameters : Signaling end
and transport addressing information message includes the following parameters: signaling end,
transport layer addressing information (AAL2 addressing and AAL2 binding ID for the data
bearer).
4. The DRNC sends a “Radio Link Setup Response” message to the SRNC via RNSAP.
Message “Radio Link Setup Response” contains the following parameters: Transport layer
addressing information (AAL2 addressing and AAL2 binding ID for the data bearer) and adjacent
cell information.
5. The SRNC initiates the establishment of the lur/lub bearer via protocol ALCAP, and
includes in the request an AAL2 binding ID used to bind the lub bearer with a DCH.
6/7. The NodeB and SRNC exchange DCH FP frames “Downlink Synchronisation” and
“Uplink Synchronisation” to synchronize the bearer. NodeB activates the downlink TX.
8. The SRNC sends an “Active Set Update” message, which contains radio link addition and
deletion parameters, to the UE over the DCCH.
Parameters: Update type, cell ID, downlink scrambling code, power control information and
adjacent cell information.
9. After configuring the parameters based on the RRC message, the UE deactivates the
downlink RX of the radio link to be deleted and activate the downlink RX of the radio link to be
added, and sends a RRC message “Active Set Update Complete” to the SRNC.
10. The SRNC sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Deletion Request” to NodeB for it to
stop the TX and RX.
Parameters: Cell ID and transport layer addressing information.
11. The NodeB deactivates radio resources and sends a NBAP message “Radio Link
Deletion Response” to the SRNC.
12. The SRNC initiates the release of the lur/lub bearer via protocol ALCAP.
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3.3 Hard Handover Procedure Analysis
3.3.1 General Description of the Hard Handover Procedure
Hard handovers include intra-frequency, inter-frequency and inter-RAT hard handovers, of
which the inter-RAT hard handover procedure is complicated and will be described in section 3.3.
Hard handovers can be also categorized into timing re-initialised hard handovers and
timing-maintained hard handovers in terms of the synchronization method.
1. Timing re-initialised hard handover
The purpose of the timing re-initialised hard handover procedure is to remove all the RL(s) in
the active set and establish new RL(s) along with a change in the UL transmission timing and the
CFN in the UE according to the SFN of the target cell. This procedure is initiated when UTRAN
does not know the target SFN timing before hard handover
Timing re-initialised hard handover initiated by the UTRAN is normally performed by using
the procedure "Physical channel reconfiguration", but may also be performed by using either one
of the following procedures:
- "radio bearer establishment";
- "Radio bearer reconfiguration";
- "Radio bearer release"; or
- "Transport channel reconfiguration".
If IE "Timing indication" has the value "initialise", UE shall:
- execute the Timing Re-initialised hard handover procedure by following the procedure
indicated in the subclause relevant to the procedure chosen by the UTRAN.
2. Timing-maintained hard handover
The purpose of the Timing-maintained hard handover procedure is to remove all the RL(s) in
the active set and establish new RL(s) while maintaining the UL transmission timing and the CFN
in the UE. This procedure can be initiated only if UTRAN knows the target SFN timing before
hard handover. The target SFN timing can be known by UTRAN in the following 2 cases:
- UE reads SFN when measuring "Cell synchronisation information" and sends it to the
UTRAN in MEASUREMENT REPORT message.
- UTRAN internally knows the time difference between the cells.
Timing-maintained hard handover initiated by the network is normally performed by using
the procedure "Physical channel reconfiguration", but may also be performed by using either one
of the following procedures:
- "radio bearer establishment";
- "Radio bearer reconfiguration" ;
- "Radio bearer release"; or
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- "Transport channel reconfiguration".
If IE "Timing indication" has the value "maintain", UE shall initiate the Timing-maintained
hard handover procedure by following the procedure indicated in the subclause relevant to the
procedure chosen by the UTRAN.
The reconfiguration procedures are used to perform timing-maintained hard handovers, i.e.
radio bearer establishment procedure, radio bearer reconfiguration procedure, radio bearer
release procedure, transport channel reconfiguration procedure and physical channel
reconfiguration procedure, which are described as below.,
The radio bearer establishment procedure is used to establish new radio bearer(s). The
normal and failure cases of this procedure are illustrated respectively in Figure 21 and Figure 22.
UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER SETUP
RADIO BEARER SETUP COMPLETE
Figure 21 Radio bearer establishment, normal case
UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER SETUP
RADIO BEARER SETUP FAILURE
Figure 22 Radio bearer establishment, failure case
The radio bearer reconfiguration procedure is used to reconfigure parameters for a radio
bearer or signaling link. The normal and failure cases of this procedure are illustrated
respectively in Figure 23 and Figure 24.
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UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION
RADIO BEARER
RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE
Figure 23 Figure 23 Radio bearer reconfiguration, normal case
UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION
RADIO BEARER
RECONFIGURATION FAILURE
Figure 24 Figure 24 Radio bearer reconfiguration, failure case
The radio bearer release procedure is used to release radio bearer(s). The normal and
failure cases of this procedure are illustrated respectively in figures 24 and 25.
UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
RADIO BEARER RELEASE COMPLETE
Figure 25 Figure 25 Radio bearer release, normal case
UE UTRAN
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
RADIO BEARER RELEASE FAILURE
Figure 26 Figure 26 Radio bearer release, failure case
The transport channel reconfiguration procedure is used to reconfigure transport channel
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parameters. The normal and failure cases of this procedure are illustrated respectively in figures
Figure 27 and Figure 28.
UE UTRAN
TRANSPORT CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION
TRANSPORT CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE
Figure 27 Figure 27 Transport channel reconfiguration, normal case
UE UTRAN
TRANSPORT CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION
TRANSPORT CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION FAILURE
Figure 28 Figure 28 Transport channel reconfiguration, failure case
The physical channel reconfiguration procedure is used to establish, reconfigure and release
physical channels. The normal and failure cases of this procedure are illustrated respectively in
Figure 29 and Figure 30.
UE UTRAN
PHYSICAL CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION
PHYSICAL CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE
Figure 29 Figure 29 Physical channel reconfiguration, normal case
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UE UTRAN
PHYSICAL CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION
PHYSICAL CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION FAILURE
Figure 30 Figure 30 Physical channel reconfiguration, failure case
3.3.2 Analysis of Hard Handover Related IEs
This section analyzes hard handover related reconfiguration IEs in the following messages:
RADIO BEARER ESTABLISHMENT
RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION
RADIO BEARER RELEASE
TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION
PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION
1. RADIO BEARER ESTABLISHMENT message
This message is sent by the UTRAN to the UE to establish new radio bearer(s). It can be
used to reconfigure transport and physical channels.
RLC-SAP: AM; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in a RADIO BEARER ESTABLISHMENT message are listed in table below.
Table10 IEs in a RADIO BEARER ESTABLISHMENT message
Information Element/Group
name
Nee
d
Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE Information Elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC
transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode info OP Integrity
protection
mode info
10.3.3.19
Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering
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mode info
10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI
10.3.3.47
New C-RNTI OP C-RNTI
10.3.3.8
RRC State Indicator MP RRC State
Indicator
10.3.3.10
UTRAN DRX cycle length
coefficient
MD UTRAN DRX
cycle length
coefficient
10.3.3.49
Default value is the
existing value of
UTRAN DRX cycle
length coefficient
CN Information Elements
CN Information info OP CN Information
info 10.3.1.3
UTRAN mobility
information elements
URA identity OP URA identity
10.3.2.6
RB Information Elements
Signalling RB information to
setup list
OP 1 to
<maxS
RBsetu
p>
For each signalling
radio bearer
established
>Signalling RB information to
setup
MP Signalling RB
information to
setup 10.3.4.24
RAB information to setup list OP 1 to
<maxR
ABsetu
p>
For each RAB
established
>RAB information for setup MP RAB
information for
setup 10.3.4.10
RB information to be affected OP 1 to
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list <maxR
B>
>RB information to be
affected
MP RB information
to be affected
10.3.4.17
Downlink counter
synchronisation info
OP
>RB with PDCP information
list
OP 1 to
<maxR
BallRA
Bs>
This IE is needed
for each RB having
PDCP in the case
of lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP information MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
TrCH Information Elements
Uplink transport channels
UL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP UL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.24
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
<maxTr
CH>
>Deleted UL TrCH
information
MP Deleted UL
TrCH
information
10.3.5.5
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTr
CH>
>Added or Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
UL TrCH
information
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10.3.5.2
CHOICE mode OP
>FDD
>>CPCH set ID OP CPCH set ID
10.3.5.3
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information for DRAC list
OP 1 to
<maxTr
CH>
>>>DRAC static information MP DRAC static
information
10.3.5.7
>TDD (no data)
Downlink transport
channels
DL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP DL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels10.3.5
.6
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
<maxTr
CH>
>Deleted DL TrCH
information
MP Deleted DL
TrCH
information
10.3.5.4
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTr
CH>
>Added or Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
DL TrCH
information
10.3.5.1
PhyCH information
elements
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Frequency info MD Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Default value is the
existing value of
frequency
information
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MD Maximum
allowed UL TX
power
10.3.6.39
Default value is the
existing maximum
UL TX power
CHOICE channel
requirement
OP
>Uplink DPCH info Uplink DPCH
info 10.3.6.88
>CPCH SET Info CPCH SET Info
10.3.6.13
Downlink radio resources
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD
>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink
PDSCH
information
10.3.6.30
>TDD (no data)
Downlink information
common for all radio links
OP Downlink
information
common for all
radio links
10.3.6.24
Downlink information per
radio link list
OP 1 to
<maxR
L>
Send downlink
information for
each radio link
>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
10.3.6.27
Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
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UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-New C-RNTI: Used to configure the new CRNC RNTI, optional.
-RRC State Indicator: Used to describe the RRC state of the UE, mandatory.
-UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient: Used to specify the UTRAN’s discontinuous RX cycle
length, mandatory.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
UTRAN mobility information elements: Used to describe UTRAN mobility information,
especially the “URA identity”, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Signalling RB information to setup list: Used to describe each signaling radio bearer to be
set up, optional.
-RAB information to setup list: Used to describe each radio access bearer, optional.
-RB information to be affected list: Used to describe each radio bearer to be affected,
optional.
-Downlink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the downlink counter
synchronisation information, optional.
TrCH Information Elements: Including IEs Uplink transport channels and Downlink transport
channels.
Uplink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-UL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe UL
transport channel information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
Downlink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-DL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe the
downlink transport information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
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Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources and Downlink radio
resources, of which the radio bear frequency is mandatory with “current frequency” as its default
value.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
-CHOICE channel requirement: Used to choose the channel requirement, optional.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), mandatory.
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, optional.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
radio link, optional.
2. RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION message
This message is sent by the UTRAN to the UE to reconfigure QoS related parameters for a
radio bearer. The message can be used to change the MAC multiplexing and reconfigure the
transport and physical channels.
RLC-SAP: AM; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in a RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION message are listed in table below.
Table11 IEs in a RADIO BEARER RECONFIGURATION message
Information
Element/Group name
Nee
d
Multi Type and reference Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE Information elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC transaction
identifier 10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check info
10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode info OP Integrity protection
mode info 10.3.3.19
Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering mode info
10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default
value is
"now"
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI 10.3.3.47
New C-RNTI OP C-RNTI 10.3.3.8
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RRC State Indicator MP RRC State Indicator
10.3.3.10
UTRAN DRX cycle length
coefficient
MD UTRAN DRX cycle
length coefficient
10.3.3.49
Default
value is the
existing
value of
UTRAN
DRX cycle
length
coefficient
CN information elements
CN Information info OP CN Information info
10.3.1.3
UTRAN mobility
information elements
URA identity OP URA identity 10.3.2.6
RB information elements
RAB information to
reconfigure list
OP 1 to <
maxRABs
etup >
>RAB information to
reconfigure
MP RAB information to
reconfigure 10.3.4.11
RB information to
reconfigure list
OP 1to
<maxRB>
>RB information to
reconfigure
MP RB information to
reconfigure 10.3.4.18
RB information to be
affected list
OP 1 to
<maxRB>
>RB information to be
affected
MP RB information to be
affected 10.3.4.17
TrCH Information
Elements
Uplink transport channels
UL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP UL Transport channel
information common
for all transport
channels 10.3.5.24
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
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<maxTrCH
>
>Deleted UL TrCH
information
MP Deleted UL TrCH
information 10.3.5.5
Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>Added or Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
10.3.5.2
CHOICE mode OP
>FDD
>>CPCH set ID OP CPCH set ID 10.3.5.3
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information for DRAC list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>>>DRAC static information MP DRAC static
information 10.3.5.7
>TDD (no data)
Downlink transport
channels
DL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP DL Transport channel
information common
for all transport
channels 10.3.5.6
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>Deleted DL TrCH
information
MP Deleted DL TrCH
information 10.3.5.4
Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>Added or Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
10.3.5.1
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PhyCH information
elements
Frequency info MD Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Default
value is the
existing
value of
frequency
information
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MD Maximum allowed UL
TX power 10.3.6.39
Default
value is the
existing
maximum
UL TX
power
CHOICE channel
requirement
OP
>Uplink DPCH info Uplink DPCH info
10.3.6.88
>CPCH SET Info CPCH SET Info
10.3.6.13
Downlink radio resources
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD
>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink PDSCH
information 10.3.6.30
>TDD (no data)
Downlink information
common for all radio links
OP Downlink information
common for all radio
links 10.3.6.24
Downlink information per
radio link list
OP 1 to
<maxRL>
>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink information
for each radio link
10.3.6.27
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Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-New C-RNTI: Used to configure the new CRNC RNTI, optional.
-RRC State Indicator: Used to describe the RRC state of the UE, mandatory.
-UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient: Used to specify the UTRAN’s discontinuous RX cycle
length, mandatory.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
UTRAN mobility information elements: Used to describe UTRAN mobility information,
especially the “URA identity”, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RAB information to reconfigure list: Used to describe each radio access bearer to be
reconfigured, optional.
-RB information to reconfigure list: Used to describe each radio link to be reconfigured,
optional.
-RB information to be affected list: Used to describe each radio bearer to be affected,
optional.
TrCH Information Elements: Including IEs Uplink transport channels and Downlink transport
channels.
Uplink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-UL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe UL
transport channel information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
Downlink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-DL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe the
downlink transport information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
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added or reconfigured, optional.
Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources and Downlink radio
resources, of which the radio bear frequency is mandatory with “current frequency” as its default
value.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
-CHOICE channel requirement: Used to choose the channel requirement, optional.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, optional.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
radio link, optional.
3. 3. RADIO BEARER RELEASE message
This message is sent by the UTRAN to release radio bearer(s). The message can be used
to reconfigure the transport and physical channels.
RLC-SAP: AM; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in a RADIO BEARER RELEASE message are listed in table below.
Table12 IEs in a RADIO BEARER RELEASE message
Information Element/Group
name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE Information Elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode info OP Integrity
protection mode
info 10.3.3.19
Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering mode
info 10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI 10.3.3.47
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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New C-RNTI OP C-RNTI 10.3.3.8
RRC State Indicator MP RRC State
Indicator
10.3.3.10
UTRAN DRX cycle length
coefficient
MD UTRAN DRX
cycle length
coefficient
10.3.3.49
Default value is
the existing value
of UTRAN DRX
cycle length
coefficient
CN Information Elements
CN Information info OP CN Information
info 10.3.1.3
Signalling Connection
release indication
OP CN domain
identity 10.3.1.1
UTRAN mobility
information elements
URA identity OP URA identity
10.3.2.6
RB Information Elements
RAB information to
reconfigure list
OP 1 to <
maxRAB
setup >
>RAB information to
reconfigure
MP RAB information
to reconfigure
10.3.4.11
RB information to release list MP 1 to
<maxRB
>
>RB information to release MP RB information to
release 10.3.4.19
RB information to be affected
list
OP 1 to
<maxRB
>
>RB information to be
affected
MP RB information to
be affected
10.3.4.17
Downlink counter
synchronisation info
OP
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>RB with PDCP information
list
OP 1 to
<maxRB
allRABs>
This IE is needed
for each RB
having PDCP in
the case of
lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP information MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
TrCH Information Elements
Uplink transport channels
UL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP UL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.24
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
<maxTrC
H>
>Deleted UL TrCH
information
MP Deleted UL TrCH
information
10.3.5.5
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrC
H>
>Added or Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
10.3.5.2
CHOICE mode OP
>FDD
>>CPCH set ID OP CPCH set ID
10.3.5.3
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information for DRAC list
OP 1 to
<maxTrC
H>
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>>>DRAC static information MP DRAC static
information
10.3.5.7
>TDD (no data)
Downlink transport
channels
DL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP DL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.6
Deleted TrCH information list OP 1 to
<maxTrC
H>
>Deleted DL TrCH
information
MP Deleted DL TrCH
information
10.3.5.4
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrC
H>
>Added or Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
10.3.5.1
PhyCH information
elements
Frequency info MD Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Default value is
the existing value
of frequency
information
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MD Maximum
allowed UL TX
power 10.3.6.39
Default value is
the existing
maximum UL TX
power
CHOICE channel OP
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requirement
>Uplink DPCH info Uplink DPCH info
10.3.6.88
>CPCH SET Info CPCH SET Info
10.3.6.13
Downlink radio resources
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD
>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink PDSCH
information
10.3.6.30
>TDD (no data)
Downlink information
common for all radio links
OP Downlink
information
common for all
radio links
10.3.6.24
Downlink information per
radio link list
OP 1 to
<maxRL>
Send downlink
information for
each radio link to
be set-up
>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
10.3.6.27
Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-New C-RNTI: Used to configure the new CRNC RNTI, optional.
-RRC State Indicator: Used to describe the RRC state of the UE. Mandatory.
-UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient: Used to specify the UTRAN’s discontinuous RX cycle
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length, mandatory.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
Signalling Connection release indication: Used to describe the signaling connection release
indication.
UTRAN mobility information elements: Used to describe UTRAN mobility information,
especially the “URA identity”, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RAB information to reconfigure list: Used to describe each radio access bearer to be
reconfigured, optional.
-RB information to reconfigure list: Used to describe each radio link to be reconfigured,
optional.
-RB information to be affected list: Used to describe each radio bearer to be affected,
optional.
-Downlink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the downlink counter
synchronisation information, optional.
TrCH Information Elements: Including IEs Uplink transport channels and Downlink transport
channels.
Uplink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-UL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe UL
transport channel information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
Downlink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-DL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe the
downlink transport information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Deleted TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be deleted, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources and Downlink radio
resources, of which the radio bear frequency is mandatory with “current frequency” as its default
value.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
-CHOICE channel requirement: Used to choose the channel requirement, optional.
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Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, optional.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
radio link, optional.
4. 4. TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message
This message is sent by the UTRAN to the UE to reconfigure transport channels. The
message can be used to reconfigure the physical channel and TFC subset.
RLC-SAP: AM; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in a TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message are listed in table below.
Table13 IEs in a TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message
Information Element/Group
name
Nee
d
Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE Information Elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC
transaction
identifier
10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode info OP Integrity
protection mode
info 10.3.3.19
Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering mode
info 10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI
10.3.3.47
New C-RNTI OP C-RNTI
10.3.3.8
RRC State Indicator MP RRC State
Indicator
10.3.3.10
UTRAN DRX cycle length MD UTRAN DRX Default value is
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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coefficient cycle length
coefficient
10.3.3.49
the existing value
of UTRAN DRX
cycle length
coefficient
CN Information Elements
CN Information info OP CN Information
info 10.3.1.3
UTRAN mobility
information elements
URA identity OP URA identity
10.3.2.6
RB information elements
Downlink counter
synchronisation info
OP
>RB with PDCP information
list
OP 1 to
<maxRBall
RABs>
This IE is needed
for each RB
having PDCP in
the case of
lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP information MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
TrCH Information Elements
Uplink transport channels
UL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP UL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.24
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>Added or Reconfigured UL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
UL TrCH
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information
10.3.5.2
CHOICE mode OP
>FDD
>>CPCH set ID OP CPCH set ID
10.3.5.3
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH
information for DRAC list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>>>DRAC static information MP DRAC static
information
10.3.5.7
>TDD (no data)
Downlink transport
channels
DL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
OP DL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.6
Added or Reconfigured TrCH
information list
OP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>Added or Reconfigured DL
TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
DL TrCH
information
10.3.5.1
PhyCH information
elements
Frequency info MD Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Default value is
the existing value
of frequency
information
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX MD Maximum Default value is
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power allowed UL TX
power 10.3.6.39
the existing
maximum UL TX
power
CHOICE channel
requirement
OP
>Uplink DPCH info Uplink DPCH
info 10.3.6.88
>CPCH SET Info CPCH SET Info
10.3.6.13
Downlink radio resources
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD
>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink
PDSCH
information
10.3.6.30
>TDD (no data)
Downlink information
common for all radio links
OP Downlink
information
common for all
radio links
10.3.6.24
Downlink information per
radio link list
OP 1 to
<maxRL>
Send downlink
information for
each radio link
>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
10.3.6.27
Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
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-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-New C-RNTI: Used to configure the new CRNC RNTI, optional.
-RRC State Indicator: Used to describe the RRC state of the UE. Mandatory.
-UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient: Used to specify the UTRAN’s discontinuous RX cycle
length, mandatory.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
UTRAN mobility information elements: Used to describe UTRAN mobility information,
especially the “URA identity”, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Downlink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the downlink counter
synchronisation information, optional.
TrCH Information Elements: Including IEs Uplink transport channels and Downlink transport
channels.
Uplink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-UL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe UL
transport channel information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
Downlink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-DL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe the
downlink transport information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, optional.
Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources and Downlink radio
resources, of which the radio bear frequency is mandatory with “current frequency” as its default
value.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
-CHOICE channel requirement: Used to choose the channel requirement, optional.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, optional.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
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radio link, optional.
5. PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message
This message is sent by the UTRAN to the UE to reconfigure physical channels, e.g.
assigning, replacing and releasing a group of physical channels.
RLC-SAP: AM; Logical channel: DCCH.
IEs in a PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message are listed in table below.
Table14 IEs in a PHYSICAL CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION message
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE Information Elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC transaction
identifier 10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check info
10.3.3.16
Integrity protection mode
info
OP Integrity protection
mode info
10.3.3.19
Ciphering mode info OP Ciphering mode
info 10.3.3.5
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
New U-RNTI OP U-RNTI 10.3.3.47
New C-RNTI OP C-RNTI 10.3.3.8
RRC State Indicator MP RRC State
Indicator 10.3.3.10
UTRAN DRX cycle length
coefficient
MD UTRAN DRX cycle
length coefficient
10.3.3.49
Default value is
the existing value
of UTRAN DRX
cycle length
coefficient
CN Information Elements
CN Information info OP CN Information info
10.3.1.3
UTRAN mobility
information elements
URA identity OP URA identity
10.3.2.6
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RB information elements
Downlink counter
synchronisation info
OP
>RB with PDCP information
list
OP 1 to
<max
RBall
RABs
>
This IE is needed
for each RB
having PDCP in
the case of
lossless SRNS
relocation
>>RB with PDCP
information
MP RB with PDCP
information
10.3.4.22
PhyCH information
elements
Frequency info MD Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Default value is
the existing value
of frequency
information
Uplink radio resources
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MD Maximum allowed
UL TX power
10.3.6.39
Default value is
the existing value
of the maximum
allowed UL TX
power
CHOICE channel
requirement
OP
>Uplink DPCH info Uplink DPCH info
10.3.6.88
>CPCH SET Info CPCH SET Info
10.3.6.13
>CPCH set ID CPCH set ID
10.3.5.3
Downlink radio resources
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD
>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink PDSCH
information
10.3.6.30
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>TDD (no data)
Downlink information
common for all radio links
OP Downlink
information
common for all
radio links
10.3.6.24
Downlink information per
radio link list
OP 1 to
<max
RL>
Send downlink
information for
each radio link
>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
10.3.6.27
Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Integrity protection mode info: Used for integrity protection, optional.
-Ciphering mode info: Used for ciphering, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-New C-RNTI: Used to configure the new CRNC RNTI, optional.
-RRC State Indicator: Used to describe the RRC state of the UE. Mandatory.
-UTRAN DRX cycle length coefficient: Used to specify the UTRAN’s discontinuous RX cycle
length, mandatory.
CN information elements: Used to describe the CN information, optional.
UTRAN mobility information elements: Used to describe UTRAN mobility information,
especially the “URA identity”, optional.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Downlink counter synchronisation info: Used to describe the downlink counter
synchronisation information, optional.
Phy CH information elements: Including IEs Uplink radio resources and Downlink radio
resources, of which the radio bear frequency is mandatory with “current frequency” as its default
value.
Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Maximum allowed UL TX power: Used to specify the maximum allowed uplink TX power
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with the existing maximum UL TX power as its default value, mandatory.
-CHOICE channel requirement: Used to choose the channel requirement, optional.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the chosen mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, optional.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
radio link, optional.
3.3.3 Hard Handover Signaling Procedure
The procedure described in this section is based on lur interface with the UE in
the CELL_DCH state. See figure below.
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RNSAPRNSAP
1. Radio Link
Setup Request
Note 1
UE Node B
Source
Node B
Target
RNC
Source
RNC
target
SRNC
RRC RRC
10. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
Note 3
RRC
7. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration
Note 3RRC
6. ALCAP Iur Data
Transport Bearer Setup
Note 1
NBAP NBAP2. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP3. Radio Link Setup Response
NBAP NBAP12. Radio Link Deletion Request
NBAP NBAP13. Radio Link Deletion Response
4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup
14. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release
RNSAP RNSAP15. Radio Link Deletion Response
Note 2
16. ALCAP Iur Data
Transport Bearer Release
Note 2
RNSAP
5. RL Setup
Response
Note 1RNSAP
RNSAP11. Radio Link Deletion Request
Note 2
RNSAP
NBAP NBAP8. Radio Link Failure Indication
RNSAP RNSAP9. Radio Link Failure Indication
Note 2
Figure 31 Hard handover signaling procedure (with Iur interface and the UE in CELL_DCH state)
Signaling procedure analysis:
1. SRNC sends a Radio Link Setup Request message to the target RNC.
Parameters: Target RNC identifier, s-RNTI, cell ID, TFS and TFCS.
2. The target RNC assigns RNTI and radio resources to the RRC and radio link and then
sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Request” to the target NodeB.
Parameters: cell ID, TFS, TFCS, frequency, uplink scrambling code and power control
information, etc.
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3. The target NodeB assigns radio link resources, activates the physical layer RX and sends
a NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Response” to the target RNC.
Parameters: signaling end, transport layer addressing information of the lub bearer.
4. The target RNC initiates the establishment of the lub bearer via protocol ALCAP, and
includes in the request an AAL2 binding ID used to bind the lub bearer with a DCH.
5. After completing the preparation, the target RNC sends a Radio Link Setup Response
message to the SRNC.
6. The SRNC initiates the establishment of the lur bearer via protocol ALCAP, and includes
in the request an AAL2 binding ID used to bind the lur bearer with a DCH.
7. The SRNC sends a RRC message “Physical Channel Reconfiguration” to the UE.
8. After the UE switches from the old link to the new link, the source NodeB detects a
synchronization failure in the old link and sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Failure Indication”
to the source RNC.
9. The source RNC sends a RNSAP message “Radio Link Failure Indication” to the SRNC.
10. After the RRC with the target RNC is set up and necessary radio resources are assigned,
the UE sends a RRC message “Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete” to the SRNC.
11. The SRNC sends a RNSAP message “Radio Link Deletion Request” to the source RNC,
requesting it to release the radio resources assigned to the old link.
12. The source RNC sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Deletion Request” to the source
NodeB.
Parameters: Cell ID, transport layer addressing information.
m. The source NodeB releases the radio resources assigned to the old link and sends a
NBAP message “Radio Link Deletion Response” message to the source RNC.
13. The source RNC initiates the release of the lur bearer via protocol ALCAP.
14. After releasing the lur bearer, the source RNC sends a RNSAP message “Radio Link
Deletion Response” to the SRNC.
15. The SRNC initiates the release of the lur bearer via protocol ALCAP, and includes in the
request an AAL2 binding ID used to bind the lur bearer with a DCH, which will be acknowledged
by the target RNC.
The signaling procedure of a cross-CN hard handover is illustrated in figure
below.
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SGSN
2. Relocation RequiredRANAP RANAP
RANAP RANAP
3. Relocation Request
RANAP RANAP
9. Relocation Request
Acknowledge
RANAP RANAP1. Relocation Required
UE RNC
Source
RNC
Target
MSC/SGSN
RANAP RANAP4. Relocation Request
RANAP RANAP
10. Relocation Request
Acknowledge
RANAP RANAP11. Relocation Command
RANAP12. Relocation Command
RANAP
RANAP RANAP
14. Relocation
DetectRRC
13. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Note 1RRC
5. ALCAP Iu Data
Transport Bearer Setup
Node B
Source
Node B
Target
NBAP NBAP6. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP7. Radio Link Setup Response
8. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup
RANAP RANAP
18. Relocation
Complete
RRC RRC17. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete Note 1
RANAPRANAP15. Relocation Detect
RANAP RANAP19. Relocation Complete
RANAP20. Iu Release Command
RANAP
NBAP NBAP16. Radio Link Failure Indication
RANAP21. Iu Release Command
RANAP
22. ALCAP Iu Data Transport Bearer
Release
RANAP23. Iu Release Complete
RANAP
RANAP24. Iu Release Complete
RANAP
SGSN/MSC
Figure 32 Cross-CN hard handover signaling procedure
1./2. The SRNC sends a Relocation Required message to the source and target CN
nodes.
3./4. After completing the preparation, the CN node sends a Relocation Required
message to the target RNC to assign appropriate resources.
5. The target RNC and CN node establish a lu bearer between them.
6./7./8. The target RNC assigns RNTI and radio resources to the RRC and radio link and
sends a NBAP message “Radio Link Setup Request” to the target NodeB. The target NodeB
assigns radio link resources, activates the physical layer RX and sends a NBAP message “Radio
Link Setup Response” to the target RNC.
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Parameters: Cell ID, TFS, TFCS, frequency, uplink scrambling code and power control
information, etc.
9./10. After completing the preparation, the RNC sends a Relocation Required Acknowledge
message to the CN.
11./12. After completing the preparation, the CN sends a Relocation Command message
to the SRNC.
13. The SRNC sends a RRC message “Physical Channel Reconfiguration” to the UE.
14./15./16. Upon detecting the UE, the target RNC sends a Relocation Detect message to
the two CN nodes. After the UE switches from the old link to the new one, the source NodeB
detects a RL failure in the old link and sends a Radio Link Failure Indication message to the
source RNC.
17. After the RRC with the target RNC is set up and necessary radio resources are
assigned, the UE sends a RRC message “Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete” to the
target RNC.
18./19. After the UE is successfully handed over to the target RNC and resources are
assigned, the RNC sends a Relocation Complete message to all CN nodes.
20./21. The CN sends a Iu Release Command message to the SRNC.
22. The old RNC-CN lu bearer is released.
23./24. The old RNC sends a Iu Release Complete message to the CN to acknowledge the
release.
3.4 Inter-RAT Handover Procedure Analysis
3.4.1 General Description of the inter-RAT handover procedure
Inter-RAT handovers include handovers from UTRAN to another system (e.g. GSM) and
from another system to UTRAN.
Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN to another system
UE UTRAN
HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND
Figure 33 Figure 33 Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN, successful case Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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UE UTRAN
HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND
HANDOVER FROM UTRAN FAILURE
Figure 34 Figure 34 Inter-RAT handover from UTRAN, failure case
The purpose of the inter-RAT handover procedure is to, under the control of the network,
transfer a connection between the UE and UTRAN to another radio access technology (e.g.
GSM). This procedure may be used in CELL_DCH state. At present, this procedure is only used
in the circuit switching field.
The procedure is initiated when UTRAN orders a UE in CELL_DCH state, to make a
handover to a radio access technology other than UTRAN, e.g. GSM. To initiate the procedure,
UTRAN sends a HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message.
Failure cases:
- UE fails to complete requested handover: The UE does not support the requested
handover scenario or cannot establish the connection to the target RAT.
-Invalid HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message: The IE "Inter-RAT message"
received within the HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message does not include a valid
inter RAT handover message in accordance with the protocol specifications for the target RAT.
- Unsupported configuration in HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message: The
UTRAN instructs the UE to perform a non-supported handover scenario, e.g. multiple RAB or to
use a non-supported configuration.
Any of the above exceptions will cause a handover failure.
Inter-RAT handover from another system to UTRAN
UE UTRAN
HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND (sent via other system)
HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMPLETE
Figure 35 Figure 35 Inter-RAT handover to UTRAN
The purpose of the inter-RAT handover procedure is to, under the control of the network,
transfer a connection between the UE and another radio access technology (e.g. GSM) to
UTRAN. The procedure is initiated when a radio access technology other than UTRAN, e.g.
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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GSM, using radio access technology-specific procedures, orders the UE to make a handover to
UTRAN.
In case UTRAN decides to uses a predefined or default radio configuration that is stored in
the UE, it should include the following information in the HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND
message.
- the IE "U-RNTI" to be assigned;
- the IE "Predefined configuration identity", to indicate which pre-defined configuration of
RB, transport channel and physical channel parameters shall be used; or
- the IE "Default configuration mode" and IE "Default configuration identity", to indicate
which default configuration of RB, transport channel and physical channel parameters shall be
used;
- PhyCH information elements.
In case UTRAN does not use a predefined radio configuration that is stored in the UE, it
should include the following information in the HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND message.
- the IE "U-RNTI" to be assigned;
- the complete set of RB, TrCH and PhyCH information elements to be used.
If an inter-RAT handover fails, the UE will handle the failure. Failure cases include:
Invalid Handover to UTRAN Command message.
Unsupported configuration in HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND message.
UE fails to perform handover.
If the UE fails to establish the connection to the UTRAN, it usually will end the procedure,
e.g. releasing associated resources and resuming the pre-handover connection and send a
failure indicator via the source RAT. Upon reception of a failure indicator from another RAT, the
UTRAN will release associated resources and contexts related to this UE. An exception will
cause a handover failure.
3.4.2 Analysis of Inter-RAT Hard Handover Related IEs
1. HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND
Table15 IEs in a HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND message
Information
Element/Group name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
Message Type MP Message Type
UE information
elements
RRC transaction identifier MP RRC
transaction
identifier
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10.3.3.36
Integrity check info CH Integrity check
info 10.3.3.16
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
RB information
elements
RAB information list OP 1 to
<maxRABs
etup>
For each RAB to
be handed over
>RAB info MP RAB info
10.3.4.8
Other information
elements
Inter-RAT message MP Inter-RAT
message
10.3.8.8
Analysis of IEs:
Message Type: Used to identify the message, mandatory.
UE information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RRC transaction identifier : Used to identify the RRC, mandatory.
-Integrity check info: Used for integrity check, conditional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-RAB information list: Used to describe each radio access bearer, optional.
Other information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Inter-RAT message: Used to specify the inter-RAT message.
2. HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND
Table16 IEs in a HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND message
Information Element/Group
name
Need Multi Type and
reference
Semantics
description
New U-RNTI MP U-RNTI Short
10.3.3.48
Activation time MD Activation time
10.3.3.1
Default value is
"now"
Ciphering algorithm OP Ciphering
algorithm
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10.3.3.4
CHOICE specification mode MP
>Complete specification
UE information elements
RB information elements
>>Signalling RB information
to setup list
MP 1 to
<maxSRBs
etup>
For each
signalling radio
bearer
established
>>>Signalling RB information
to setup
MP Signalling RB
information to
setup 10.3.4.24
>>RAB information to setup
list
OP 1 to
<maxRABs
etup>
For each RAB
established
>>>RAB information for setup MP RAB
information for
setup 10.3.4.10
Uplink transport channels
>>UL Transport channel
information common for all
transport channels
MP UL Transport
channel
information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.24
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH information
MP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>>>Added or Reconfigured
UL TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
UL TrCH
information
10.3.5.2
Downlink transport
channels
>>DL Transport channel
information common for all
MP DL Transport
channel
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transport channels information
common for all
transport
channels
10.3.5.6
>>Added or Reconfigured
TrCH information
MP 1 to
<maxTrCH
>
>>>Added or Reconfigured
DL TrCH information
MP Added or
Reconfigured
DL TrCH
information
10.3.5.1
Uplink radio resources
>>Uplink DPCH info MP Uplink DPCH
info 10.3.6.88
>>CHOICE mode MP
>>>FDD
>>>>CPCH SET Info OP CPCH SET
Info 10.3.6.13
Downlink radio resources
>>>>Downlink PDSCH
information
OP Downlink
PDSCH
information
10.3.6.30
>>>TDD (no data)
>>Downlink information
common for all radio links
MP Downlink
information
common for all
radio links
10.3.6.24
>>Downlink information per
radio link
MP 1 to
<maxRL>
>>>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
10.3.6.27
>Preconfiguration
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>>CHOICE Preconfiguration
mode
MP
>>>Predefined configuration MP Predefined
configuration
identity
10.3.4.5
>>>Default configuration
>>>>Default configuration
mode
MP Enumerated
(FDD, TDD)
Indicates
whether the
FDD or TDD
version of the
default
configuration
shall be used
>>>>Default configuration
identity
MP Default
configuration
identity
10.3.4.0
>>RAB info OP RAB info Post
10.3.4.9
One RAB is
established
>>Uplink DPCH info MP Uplink DPCH
info Post
10.3.6.89
Downlink radio resources
>>CHOICE mode
>>>FDD
>>>>Downlink information
common for all radio links
Downlink
information
common for all
radio links Post
10.3.6.25
>>>TDD (no data)
>>Downlink information per
radio link
MP 1 to
<maxRL>
Send downlink
information for
each radio link
to be set-up.
In TDD MaxRL
is 1.
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>>>Downlink information for
each radio link
MP Downlink
information for
each radio link
Post
10.3.6.28
Frequency info MP Frequency info
10.3.6.36
Maximum allowed UL TX
power
MP Maximum
allowed UL TX
power
10.3.6.39
CHOICE mode MP
>FDD (no data)
>TDD
>>Primary CCPCH Tx Power MP Primary
CCPCH Tx
Power
10.3.6.59
Analysis of IEs:
-New U-RNTI: Used to configure the new UTRAN RNTI, optional.
-Activation time: Used to specify the activation time with “now” as its default value,
mandatory.
-Ciphering algorithm: Used to specify the ciphering algorithm, optional.
-CHOICE specification mode: Used to choose the specification mode, mandatory.
RB information elements: Including the following IEs:
-Signalling RB information to setup list: Used to describe each signaling radio bearer to be
set up, optional.
-RAB information to setup list: Used to describe each radio access bearer, optional.
Uplink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-UL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe
uplink transport channel information common for all transport channels, optional.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, mandatory.
Downlink transport channels: Including the following IEs:
-DL Transport channel information common for all transport channels: Used to describe the
downlink transport information common for all transport channels, mandatory.
-Added or Reconfigured TrCH information list: Used to list the transport channels to be
added or reconfigured, mandatory.
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Uplink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Uplink DPCH info: Used to describe the uplink DPCH, mandatory.
-CHOICE mode: Used to describe the uplink mode (FDD or TDD), optional.
Downlink radio resources: Including the following IEs:
-Downlink information common for all radio links: Used to describe the downlink information
common for all radio links, mandatory.
-Downlink information per radio link list: Used to describe the downlink information of each
radio link, optional.
-Preconfiguration: Used to describe the pre-configuration, mandatory.
3.4.3 Inter-RAT Hard Handover Signaling Procedure
Inter-RAT handover (from UTRAN) signaling procedure (UTRAN->GSM/BSS)
The handover procedure described here is from 3G UMTS to 2G-MSC, namely, from
UTRAN to GSM/BSS. The signaling procedure on the GSM side will not be described here in
details for it is not covered by this document. The signaling procedure is illustrated in figure
below.
MAP/E MAP/E
2. Prepare
Handover
BSSMAP BSSMAP
4. Handover
Request Ack
RANAP RANAP
13. Iu Release
Complete
BSSMAP BSSMAP
3. Handover
Request
MAP/E MAP/E
5. Prepare
Handover
Response
RANAP RANAP
6. Relocation
Command
BSSMAP BSSMAP
8. Handover
Detect
BSSMAP BSSMAP
10. Handover
Complete
MAP/E MAP/E
11. Send End
Signal
Request
MAP/E MAP/E
14. Send End
Signal Response
RANAP RANAP
1. Relocation
Required
UE Node B RNC
Serving
CN MSC BSC BTS
RRC
7. DCCH : Inter-System Handover
CommandRRC
[Hard Handover]
RR
9. Handover Complete
RR
RANAP RANAP
12. Iu Release
Command
Figure 36 Figure 36 UTRAN GSM/BSS inter-RAT hard handover signaling procedure
1. The SRNC sends a RANAP message “Relocation Required” to CN.
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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2. The UMTS CN forwards the Relocation Required message to the GSM MSC via the
MAP/E interface.
3. Normal GSM signaling procedure; the MSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover
Request” to the BSC.
4. Normal GSM signaling procedure; the BSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover
Request Ack” to the MSC.
5. The GSM MSC/BSS completes the initialization procedure, and the MSC sends a MAP/E
message “Prepare Handover Response” to the CN.
6. The CN sends a RANPA message “Relocation Command” to the SRNC.
7. The SRNC sends a RRC message “HANDOVER FROM UTRAN COMMAND” to the UE
over the existing RRC to perform the inter-RAT handover.
8. Normal GSM signaling procedure; the BSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover
Detect” the MSC.
9. Normal GSM signaling procedure; the UE sends a “Handover Complete” message to the
BSC.
10. Normal GSM signaling procedure; the BSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover
Complete” to the MSC.
11. When the GSM detects the UE, the MSC sends a MAP/E message “Send End Signal
Request” to the CN.
12. The CN sends a RANAP message “lu Release Command” to the SRNC for it to initiate
the release of the resources assigned by the SRNC to the old link.
13. The SRNC releases the bearer resources and sends a “Iu Release Complete” message
to the CN.
14. The CN sends a MAP/E message “Send End Signal Response” to the MSC.
Inter-RAT handover (to UTRAN) signaling procedure (GSM/BSS ->UTRAN)
The handover procedure described here is from 2G-MSC to 3G UMTS, namely, from
GSM/BSS to UTRAN. The signaling procedure on the GSM side will not be described here in
details for it is not covered by this document. The signaling procedure is illustrated in figure
below.
Formatted: Bullets and Numbering
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RANAP RANAP
3. Relocation
Request
BSSMAP BSSMAP
1. Handover
Required
RANAP RANAP
4. Relocation
Request Ack.
MAP/E MAP/E
5. Prepare Handover
Response
MAP/E MAP/E
2. Prepare
Handover
BSSMAP BSSMAP
6. Handover
Command
MAP/E MAP/E
11. Send End Signal
Request
BSSMAP BSSMAP
12. Clear
Command
BSSMAP BSSMAP
13. Clear
Complete
RANAP RANAP
10. Relocation Complete
UE Node B RNC
Target
CN MSC BSC BTS
MAP/E MAP/E
14. Send End Signal
Response
RRC9. DCCH : Handover Complete
RRC
RR
7. Handover Command
RR
RANAP RANAP
8. Relocation
Detect
Figure 37 GSM/BSS UTRAN inter-RAT hard handover signaling procedure
1. The BSC sends a “Handover Required” message to the GSM MSC.
2. The MSC sends a MAP/E message “Prepare Handover” to the UMTS CN.
3. The CN sends a RANAP message “Relocation Request” to the target RNC.
4. The target RNC sends a RANAP message “Relocation Request Acknowledge” to the CN.
5. The CN sends a MAP/E message “Prepare Handover Response” to the MSC.
6. The MSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover Command” to the BSC.
7. The BSC sends a BSSMAP message “Handover Command” to the UE, which contains
the message HANDOVER TO UTRAN COMMAND sent by the UTRAN to UE.
8. Upon detecting the UE, the target RNC sends a “Relocation Detect” message to the CN.
9. After the RRC with the target RNC is set up and necessary radio resources are assigned,
the UE sends a RRC message “Handover Complete” to the target RNC.
10. Upon completion of the RRC setup, the target RNC sends a RANAP message
“Relocation Complete” to the CN.
11. The CN sends a MAP/E message “Send End Signal Request” to the MSC.
12. The MSC sends a “Clear Command” message to the BSC.
13. The BSC sends a “Clear Complete” message to the MSC.
14. The MSC sends a MAP/E message “Send End Signal Response“ to the CN.
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4 Performance Analysis of Handover Procedure
4.1 Performance Indicators and Analysis of Soft Handover
From the perspective of network optimization, it is mainly concerned by three soft handover
performance indicators, i.e. soft handover success rate, soft handover ratio and handover delay.
The target of soft handover ratio is set up in initial stage of the coverage planning, and we can
change the exact ratio by adjusting the antenna and feeder system or power and handover
related parameters later on. The other two indicators directly reflect the soft handover
performance and are closely related to the capabilities of the RAN and UE as well as cooperation
among modules.
Soft handover success rate=number of successful soft handovers/number of soft handover
attempts.
Number of soft handover attempts: Measured by the RNC performance measurement
module. It will increase by 1 (including the RNC-oriented and cell-oriented measurement points)
while each time the RNC sends an ACTIVE SET UPDATE message. Repeat message for
whatever reason is excluded.
Number of successful soft handovers: Measured by the RNC performance measurement
module. It will increase by 1 (including the RNC-oriented and cell-oriented measurement points)
while each time the RNC receives an ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message.
Due to the inherent merits of soft handovers, the soft handover success rate is usually very
high, close to 100%. The causes of soft handover failure are listed in table 3, and the statistical
numbers of failture are presented in the performance reports.
As for the soft handover delay, it will be focused on the analysis of the UTRAN structure
because the CN is not involved in the soft handover procedure. Based on the signaling
procedures described above, soft handover delays can be defined as follows:
Soft handover delay on the RNC side: The time delay from when the RNC sends a Radio
Link Setup Request message till it receives a Radio Link Deletion Response message. This is
the case of the combined radio link addition and deletion procedure. In other cases, the definition
depends upon the specific procedure.
Soft handover delay on the UE side: The time delay from when the UE receives an ACTIVE
SET UPDATE message till it sends an ACTIVE SET UPDATE COMPLETE message to the
UTRAN.
The two kinds of delays should be measured within the RNC and UE respectively to obtain
the accurate and actual delay of the soft handover procedure and locate network faults.
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4.2 Hard Handover Performance Indicators and Analysis
The Major hard handover performance indicators are the hard handover success rate and
hard handover delay, which can reflect the cooperation and capabilities of UE, RAN and CN as
well as the compatibility between UTRAN and other systems.
Hard handover success rate=number of successful hard handovers/number of hard
handover attempts.
Number of hard handover attempts: It will increase by 1 while each time the SRNC sends a
Physical Channel Reconfiguration message. Repeat message for whatever reason is excluded.
Number of successful hard handovers: It will increase by 1 while each time the SRNC receives a
Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete message.
The hard handover success rate is generally less than soft handover success rate, and a
hard handover failure is liable to result in a call drop. Because message Handover Command or
Handover Complete is transmitted through the GSM BSC other than the RNC, the RNC cannot
meausre the inter-RAT hard handover success rate yet.
Hard handover delay on the RNC side: The time delay from when the RNC sends a Radio
Link Setup Request message till it receives a Radio Link Deletion Response message.
Hard handover delay on the UE side: Time delay from when the UE receives a Physical
Channel Reconfiguration message or Inter-RAT Handover Command message till it sends a
Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete message or Handover Complete message to the
UTRAN.
Because the UE does not have the test code for hard handover delay measurement, it is
impossible to obtain the accurate hard handover delay so far, and can only figure it out by
analyzing the serial port data.
WCDMA RNO Handover Procedure Analysis For internal use only
2010-04-30 All rights reserved Page 92 , Total92
List of reference :
[1] 3GPP R99 25_series, 09/2002
[2] Hu Hanyin, 3G Mobile Communications System, 08/2001
[3] Xie Zhibin, 3G Handover Planning, 08/2001
[4] Zheng Wenlong, Handover Type Analysis Report, 10/2001
[5] Analysis Report on Measurement Control and Measurement Report Messages Used for
Handover, 10/2001
[6] Wang Zuofen, Ma Liyan, WCDMA RNC V100R002 RAA Hard Handover Outside Plant
Performance Test Report, 05/2003/
[7] Tu Rui, WCDMA RNC V100R002 RAA Soft Handover Outside Plant Test Report, 02/2003
[8] Dong Yan, Treatise on WCDMA RNP Traffic Measurement Inicator Analysis, 10/2002