3. chapter 2 (solid object)
TRANSCRIPT
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CE 100: CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING
SOLID
O JECT
Shaika SharkiaLecturer, Department of Civil Engineering
University of Asia Pacific (UAP), Dhaka
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CHAPTER
2
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WHAT IS SOLID?
An object having three dimensions, i.e., length,breadth and height or thickness is called a
SOLID
.
LENGTH
HEIGHT
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WHAT IS FRONT VIEW TOP VIEW?
To represent a solid in the orthographic projection, at
least two views are necessary; one view to representlength and height, called
FRONT VIEW
and the other
view to represent length and breadth, called TOP VIEW.
LENGTH
HEIGHT
FRONT VIEW
LENGTH
BREADTH
TOP VIEW
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Draw Front and Top view for the following object.
5 cm
10cm
FRONT VIEW
5 cm
4cm
TOP VIEW
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POLYHEDRON
The solid which is bounded by plane surfaces
or faces is called Polyhedron. The polyhedra
are further sub-divided into three groups:
Regular PolyhedraPrisms
Pyramids
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REGULAR POLYHEDRA
A polyhedron is regular if each of its plane surfaces isa Regular Polygon. The regular plane surfaces which
form the surfaces of the polyhedra are calledFaces
.
The lines at which two faces intersect are called
Edges.
Tetrahedron
Edges
Face
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TYPES OF POLYHEDRA
The Threeimportant regular polyhedra are:
Tetrahedron ----- 4 equal regular squares
Cube or Hexahedron --- 6 equal regular squares
Octahedron --- 8 equal equilateral triangles
Tetrahedron Cube or Hexahedron Octahedron
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A solid figure whose bases or ends have the same size and
shape and are parallel to one another, and each of whose sides
is a parallelogram
WHAT IS PRISM?
Pentagonal Prism Hexagonal Prism Triangular Prism
Triangular Prism Pentagonal Prism Hexagonal Prism Rectangular Prism
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Top Face
Axis
Bottom Face
(Base)
Longer edge
Rectangular
Face
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A massive monument of ancient Egypt having a rectangular base and four
triangular faces culminating in a single apex, built over or around a crypt or tomb
PYRAMID
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A solid figure with a polygonal base and triangular
faces that meet at a common point
WHAT IS PYRAMID?
Square Pyramid Pentagonal PyramidHexagonal Pyramid
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Apex or vertex
Axis
Base
Slant Edges
Triangular
Faces
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FRUSTUM TRUNCATED
When a pyramid or a cone is cut by a
cutting plane parallel to its base, the
remaining portion thus obtained after
removing the top portion is called the
Frustum
.
When a solid (prism/cylinder/pyramid/cone)
is cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base
(not parallel), the remaining portion thus
obtained after removing the top portion is
called theTruncated Solid
.
Fig: Frustum
Fig: Truncated Cone
Fig: Truncated Pyramid
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Waist Slab
Landing
Tread
Riser
TYPICAL SECTION OF A STAIR
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hank You