3. first battle of bull run

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1 st Battle of Bull Run The Battle of Manassas

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Page 1: 3. first battle of bull run

1st Battle of Bull Run

The Battle of Manassas

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Background

• “On to Richmond”– After losing Ft.

Sumter, Union forces wanted to take the capital of the CSA.

– Wanted to take Richmond, Virginia

• 39,000 Union Soldiers marched to Richmond– Brigadier General Irvin

McDowell

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Background

• Goal – – To capture the Virginia

railroad line at Manassas Junction

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Background

• 21,000 Confederate troops– Led by Hero of Ft.

Sumter– Brigadier General

P.G.T. Beauregard

• 11,000 additional troops– Brigadier General

Joseph E. Johnston– Reinforce Beauregard

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Picnicking at the Battle Ground

• People carried picnic baskets and champagne• Brought binoculars to view the action more closely• Believed the battle would not last long• No doubt that the Northern army would easily overpower

the Rebels

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The Battle of Bull Run

• “There is nothing in American military history quite like the story of Bull Run. It was the momentous fight of the amateurs, the battle where everting went wrong, the great day of awakening for the whole nation, North and South together. It…ended the rosy time in which men could dream that the war would be short, glorious and bloodless. After Bull Run the nation got down to business.”– Bruce Catton

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The Fight Begins

• July 21, 1861• Manassas Junction,

Virginia– Near Bull Run Creek– 30 miles west of

Washington D.C.

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Fighting

• Union Forces, led by McDowell cross Bull Run Creek and attack the Rbs.

• Troops were undisciplined, inadequately trained, and poorly equipped.

• Officers had little experience leading large armies

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Fighting Continues

• At First,– Union army successfully

pushed back the left side of the Confederate Army

• Confederates Rally– Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson– He held “Like a Stone Wall.”

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Reinforcements

• Confederates receive reinforcements– Push the tired Union troops

back toward Bull Run Creek

• Union Retreats– Began as an orderly retreat– Army runs into hundreds of

onlookers– Picnickers paniced and got

in the way of retreating soldeirs

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Battle Outcome

• The Rebels troops defeated the Union forces– They won the first

major battle in the war– The Union hope of

winning the war quickly disapeared

• Proved both armies needed training

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Outcome Continued

• Union General Winfield Scott retires

• General George McClellan appointed to lead the Union Army– Takes time to train the

army

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Casualties

• North– 2,896 Casualties

• 460 Killed• 1,124 Wounded• 1,312 Missing

• South– 1,982 Casualties

• 387 Killed• 1,582 Wounded• 13 Missing

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1st Battle of Bull Run