3. gaia: dimentsio bakarreko potentzialak “an expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which...

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3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field .” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

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Page 1: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO

POTENTZIALAK

“An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field .”

N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Page 2: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

DERIBAGARRIAK(finituak eta jarraiak)

Page 3: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 4: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 5: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

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Page 6: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 7: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 8: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Isladapen osoa

Page 9: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 10: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

x

xx

x2

x

Rex

x

x2

EV0

R

RT

T

1

E<V0 , k2=2k1

E>V0 , k1=2k2

Isladapen eta Transmisio koefizienteak

Page 11: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 13: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1R

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1T

2mV0

a 10

EV0 1

Isladapen eta Transmisio koefizienteak

3

3

Page 14: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Burdinezko atomoak kupreko gainazalean

TUNEL EFEKTUKO MIKROSKOPIOA

Rohrer eta Binnig

Page 15: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 16: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Osin finitu eta infinituen arteko konparaketa:

Polonium-212-k 0.3 s-ko erdi-

bizi denbora duen 8.78 MeV-ko

alfa partikula bat igortzen du.

Po 212-ren Alfarenigorpenaren eredua:

Page 17: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)
Page 18: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Isladapen eta Transmisio koefizienteak:

2mV0

a 10

EV0 1

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1R

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1T

=10

Uhin-funtzioak:

x

x2

a2

a2

x

x2

a2

a2

=30 =10

Page 19: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

du2

Page 20: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

22 24 720

Page 21: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

3

1/2

Page 22: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

Potentzial-osin finituaren barruan energia zinetikoa konstantea da,

baina osziladore harmonikoan energia zinetikoa txikiagotzen da (beraz,

uhin-luzera handiagotuz) ertzetara hurbiltzean.

n

n

Page 23: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)

KORRESPONDENTZIA PRINTZIPIOA

Mekanika klasikoan probabilitate handiagorekin aurki dezakegu

partikula ertzetan, zeren eta han abiadura txikiagoa delako,

beraz, denbora gehiago ematen du. Mekanika kuantikoan n

txikietan gertatzen denaren aurkakoa!! Halere, n handiagotuz

mekanika klasikoaren emaitza berreskuratzen dugu.

Page 24: 3. GAIA: DIMENTSIO BAKARREKO POTENTZIALAK “An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes which can be made in a very narrow field.” N. Bohr (1885-1962)