3 gas well deliquification practices in rag

RAG Rohöl-Aufsuchungs AGSchwarzenbergplatz 16 · A-1015 Wien · www.rohoel.at

Gas Well Deliquification Practices in RAG1st European Conference on Gas Well Deliquification, Groningen 2007

Konstantinos Mantatzis, Stefan Salchenegger

Groningen, 25.9.2007 2

Outline

� Overview of geology in Upper Austria

� Optimised use of compression units

� Solving the liquid loading challenge- Soap sticks- Continuous chemical injection (Capillary string)- Plunger lift- Sucker rod pump or PCPs- Downhole gas/water separation

� Summary


Upper Austria oil and gas fields overview map


Regional Geology in Upper Austria

� Reservoirs in deepwater clastic sediments in Puchkirchen and Hall form.

� Axial, deep marine channel belt (west -> east)

� Central channel <-> proximal overbank sands

� Traps: low-relief compaction anticlines or stratigraphicallytrapped against channel pinch-outs

Source: Hubbard etal. Borehole-Core Facies Associated with Seismically Imaged Deep-Sea Channel Deposits in the Puchkirchen Formation, Molasse Basin, Austria, 2003


Integrated subsurface – surface modeling

� Modeling history match using MBAL

� Modeling rates using Prosper

� Combining MBAL & Prosper models using GAP

� Using GAP to match WHP & flow rates

� Predicting Forecasts


Assessment of compression unit installation - Reservoir Modeling using MBAL

•Tank volume HTR5_2: 45 MM m3

• Tank volume T-01: 176 MM m3

•Aquifer Model: Hurst-Van Everdingen Dake

•Radial Aquifer

•Boundary: Sealed


TR-007 Production Profiles w & w/o gas compressor

Tr-007 Producution Profile whitout GC

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

2006 2007 2008 2009

m^

3/d

118

120

122

124

126

128

130

132

134

136

138

140

Vn

MM

m^

3

Gas rate

Cum Gas

Tr-007 Production Profile with GC

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

m^3/d

110

115

120

125

130

135

140

145

150

Vn

MM

m^3

Gas rate

Cum Gas


TR-007 Production Profiles w & w/o gas compressor

TR-007 Production Forecast

0 ,0 0 E+0 0

1,00 E+0 6

2 ,0 0 E+0 6

3 ,0 0 E+0 6

4 ,0 0 E+0 6

5,00 E+0 6

6 ,0 0 E+0 6

7,00 E+0 6

2 0 0 6 2 0 0 7 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9 2 0 10 2 0 11 20 12 2 013 2 0 14

With GC (4 bar)

Without GC (13,8 bar)

Incremental Production


Solving the liquid loading challenge

� Soap sticks

� Continuous chemical injection (Capillary string)

� Plunger lift

� Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP)

� Downhole gas/water separation

Incre

asin

gw

ate

r/gas ra

tio

Groningen, 25.9.2007 10

Critical Gas Rate Estimation

2/1

4/14/1 )(

g

gl

gc kVρ

ρρσ −=

Critical Gas Rate: Liquid Loading problems start to appear

Turner’s Critical Velocity

Turner’s Critical Gas Rate

zT

VAPQ

gc

gc*)460(

***06.3

+=

Vgc : critical gas velocity

K : Turner coefficient (1.92)

σ : surface tension of liquid to gas

ρl : Density of liquid

ρg : Density of gas

P : Reservoir pressure

Qgc : Critical rate

A : Cross-sectional area of flow

T : Down-hole temperature

Z : Gas compressibility factor

IPR / VLP Curve

Rate

Well flo

win

g p

ressure

Critical Gas Rate

Source: Lea et.al, Gas Well Deliquification, 2003

Groningen, 25.9.2007 11

Solving the liquid loading challenge – soap sticks

� Foam reduces surface tension

� Reduce density and size of liquid droplets

� Lifting capacity of gas increased

Ft=1/2 Cd ρg A vt

Fg=V (ρL - ρg) g

Water droplets

d

σ

Ft=1/2 Cd ρg A vt

Fg=V (ρL - ρg) g

Water droplets

d

σσ

Groningen, 25.9.2007 12

Soap stick injection

Example: TR-007

Groningen, 25.9.2007 13

Continuous chemical injection (Capillary string)

der SONDE:

Datum:

16-Jul-07 Ergänzungen: Aussteller: H-G Anders

Ergänzungen:

Hilprigen 1

E i n b a u d a t e n Länge: eingebaut

E - Kreuz: 2 1/16" x 5000 (geschätzt) (bzw.Teufe)

[ m ] bis [ m ]

6" X 10" x 2 3/8" EU Hänger geteilt 0.16 0.16

2 3/8" EU Doppelnippel 0.10 0.26

2 3/8" EU Kurzstück (3,07 m - 3,07 m) 6.14 6.40

7" Csg.

J 55 Zementkopf theoretisch bei 400m (16% Zuschlag)

bis 467,5m

Neigung Coil String (Injection Line 1/4")KOP: 455m

bis 748m: 24° aufgebaut

bis 2052m: 20 - 24° konst.

bis 2400m: abfallen auf 11°

4 1/2" Csg.

13,5 #, L 80

bis 308,69m Tubingstrang gebraucht (Weissring)

11,6 #, L 80

bis 2037,5m

2 3/8" EU Tubing, J-55, 4.7 lbs/ft, 224 Single 2082.28 2088.68

OPS A43 2 3/8" EU X-Landing Nippel 0.36 2089.04

2084.5 - 2089.0 m < > 2 3/8" EU Tubing, J-55, 4.7 lbs/ft - 1 Single 9.36 2098.40

1 11/16" EJ, 6spf, PJ, 01.03.2006 °°° 2 3/8" EU Otis SSD 121 x 01 (geschlossen) 1.18 2099.58

2 3/8" EU Tubing, J-55, 4.7 lbs/ft - 1 Single 9.45 2109.03

2 3/8" EU ON/OFF Tool, Baker L-10 0.40 2109.43

4 1/2" Lokset Packer 43 A2 Nr.: 121 1.10 2110.53

OPS A48 2 3/8" EU Tubing, J-55, 4.7 lbs/ft - 4 Single 37.50 2148.03

2120.5 - 2126.0 m < > Ps (Dez-05): 29.1 bar

2130.0 - 2139.0 m < >(2120,5 m = 2001,4 m TVD)

3 3/8" TCP, 6spf, PJ3406

Perforationen temporär mit MIX II Pille verschlossen (Polymer mit Calziumcarbonat)

UPS CHi 05 Zugang kann mit HCl-Säuerung wieder hergestellt werden.

2159.0 - 2161.5 m < >

2165.5 - 2169.0 m < > Injection Düse

2173.5 - 2174.5 m < >

2183.0 - 2185.0 m < >1 11/16" EJ, 6spf, PJ, 08.06.2006

UPS CP11

2227.5 - 2239.0 m < > Ps (Dez-05): 58.3 bar

2244.0 - 2245.5 m < >

2248.0 - 2249.5 m < >3 3/8" TCP, 6spf, PJ3406

4 1/2" Csg.

HILP-001Komplettierung

Groningen, 25.9.2007 14

Example gas production rate for continuous chemical injection

Example: HILP 001

Groningen, 25.9.2007 15

Plunger Lift Cycle

Source: Lea et.al, Solving gas-well liquid-loading problems, 2004

Groningen, 25.9.2007 16

Plunger Lift Feasibility

� GLR rule of thumb

minimum required GLR: 400 scf/bbl per 1,000 ft

� Charts from Beeson provide more accurate way to determine the applicability of plunger lift, because they take into consideration the Net Operating Pressure (Pcs-Ptf)

Source: Lea et.al, Gas Well Deliquification, 2003

Groningen, 25.9.2007 17

Feasibility Evaluation Based on Rule of Thumb

0

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

1750

2000

2250

2500

2750

3000

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

GLR [cbm/cbm]

De

pth

[m

]

Min GLR

Pfaf-006

Laut-002

Laut-003

Mu-007

Mu-011

Groningen, 25.9.2007 18

PFAF-006 Completion

Groningen, 25.9.2007 19

PFAF-006 Production

• On production since

22. Aug. 2005

• Cumulative production:

260.000 m³

• Current rate: 4.800 m³/d gas

2,7 m³/d water

• Current Pcs: 28 bar

6 – 7 cycles / day

Groningen, 25.9.2007 20

Progressive Cavity Pump

Komple ttie rung de r S ONDE: WZBG-001Da tum:

11-Apr-05 Ergä nzunge n: file : G:\FBO\S BH\WZBG-001.xls

Aus s te lle r: C . Burgs ta lle r

We izbe rg 1Drive He a d NDH 045 E i n b a u d a t e n Lä nge : e inge ba ut

E-Kre uz: 3 1/8" x 2 1/16" x 5000 ps i (bzw.Te ufe )[ m ] b is [ m ]

6" x 10" x 2 7/8" VAGT Tbg.-Ha nge r 0,152 7/8" Doppe lnippe l 0,20 0,35

1 1/4" P olie rs ta nge 36 ft (ne u)

7/8" P umpge s tä nge

9 5/8" Cs g. ( 40 S tk. Non Rota ting Ce ntra lis e rs 2 7/8" x 7/8" )

36 lb/ft, J -55400,56 m 1 3/8" Rotor ck45/250um HCP , P 6

ZK be i 960 m

lt. CBL-GR-CCL

7" Cs g .

20 lb/ft, J -55bis 1252,44 m

2 7/8" VAGT Tubing, L-80, 6,4 lbs /ft ( ... S ingle )Übe rga ng 2 7/8" VAGT-M x 2 7/8" EUZÜbe rga ng 2 7/8" EUM x 3 1/2" EUM3 1/2" EU P up J ointÜbe rga ng 3 1/2" EUM x 3 1/2" EUM

P CP (P umpe NTZ 350 * 180 S T 25, S ta tor S t/237, 3 1/2" EU Z)

3 1/2" EU S top P in As s e mblyÜbe rga ng 3 1/2" EUM x 2 7/8" EUM7" x 2 7/8" EU Tubing Anke rÜbe rga ng 2 7/8" EUM x 3 1/2" EUM

OPS A3b Ga s S e pa ra tor (3 1/2" EU) mit 1 1/2" s uction pipe 1710,001714,5 - 1717,5 m

S a nds ohle a m 4.10.94 1765,00Ze me nts ohle 1772,50

7" Cs g .

23 lb/ft, J -55bis 1800,23 m

Groningen, 25.9.2007 21

Downhole gas/water separation

Upper Puchkirchen-

Sands (A3B20 or

A3B30)

Lower Puchkirchen-

Sands (CF40)

PackerCF38

150 bar

17 bar

1700 m

2070 m

Groningen, 25.9.2007 22

Example gas production for downhole gas/water separation

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

14.04

12:00

14.04

15:36

14.04

19:12

14.04

22:48

15.04

02:24

15.04

06:00

15.04

09:36

15.04

13:12

15.04

16:48

15.04

20:24

16.04

00:00

16.04

03:36

16.04

07:12

16.04

10:48

16.04

14:24

Do

wn

ho

le p

res

su

re i

n b

ar

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

Gas

ra

te in

m3

/d,

wate

r ra

te i

n L

3/d

Upper gauge, 1708 m depth

gas rate

SSD openSSD closed

Compression on

water rate

Lower gauge, 2076 m depth

Compression out

Groningen, 25.9.2007 23

Summary

� Soap sticks – Cheap, effective –> frequently used in RAG

� Continuous chemical injection (Capillary string) –first test in RAG successful, more wells equipped soon

� Plunger lift – many candidates, step by step implementation

� PCP – 2 wells equipped in 07, more to come

� Downhole gas/water separation – successfully tested, due to conversion of deposal reservoir to underground gas storage not implemented

Groningen, 25.9.2007 24

Stefan Salchenegger

Rohöl Aufsuchungs AG

Schwarzenbergplatz 16

A – 1015 Wien

Tel: +43 (0) 50 724 – 5432

[email protected]

Konstantinos Mantatzis

Rohöl Aufsuchungs AG

Schwarzenbergplatz 16

A – 1015 Wien

Tel: +43 (0) 50 724 – 5381

[email protected]

3 gas well deliquification practices in rag

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