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LIST OF COHTEHTS

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Meaning of names

Lists of utensils

llames of Newcastle men

Kortham notes

Alliany notes

Ooldea notes - clothing giTen to natiTes

Andy in Hew Sealand

Ahoriginal namesof rivers

Lists of photograjjhs

Laverton, Leonora notes

Eew Eoicia notes

Boonyoo*s notes

• >r •I

A-.-.-

A collection of notes from the Souther, GoldfielAs andMurehi son districts on various subjects - voeahulary.initiation, totems, etc . ^ *

Ecugh notes on Sootalaa*s Love Story

Extracts from i;eilly*s "Jifty lears in ff.A,"1. John ft'ithnell2» Flying Foam Passage Incident

tfreck at Pt, Cloates

Rough notes on a droving trip

fart of lecture on the Aborigines, their custons.Domestic Life, etc. *

Part of article on Religion

Eucla notes

Eature notes

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Bveerill, "the amu*s feathers shining in the snn", the name

glTen to one of Baaha's uncles.

Jtibaky a yegetable (soaeone was eating a jubak half raw,

Baaba's uncle •}

GabbTtch, flood (Baaba*s mother)

tJrlnn, muddy water (Baaba^s real mother) Baaba*s granny was

drinking water and someone said, "Uree", it's muddy,

andihe ehlld was called TJrlnn.

Weela, spear shaTrlng» Someone was shalclng a spear "weela>weela"

and Baaba's hongan. ^oollngurt got the name. .

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Page 7

Wldlma has aot seen Go. 1 flint (fjremr) (in Chureh)

Ward's "Origin and Evolution of Primitive Man"

So« 2 made weerra and Mimhu - wooden scoops

also Go. 3 vhich Sharpened kajji points alt^ (spear)

4 mimhu and weerra making flints

mimhu (deep water carrying sKsoops

mimhu

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5

6

7

8

9

axfes hafted. He has not seen thoM hut heard ofthem allittierra (north)

not seen

"good" ones from allinjerra (north) hut confinedto north (Horthern Territory)

10 not known

11 mode of hurial. We hurled Wongguri (old womau)in this position. I tied her legs to thigh lusthelow and above the knees and her arm t^o upperazm, the hands resting each side of chin, idthpalms on neck and shoulder, body placed east andwest, head west, eyes looking towards ji.£.

Go. 4^ Churchwards Ipswich man might ho a prehistorioof Excelsior with tomahawk instead of ssord.

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liMfifl of figwcagltg BffB

1 jouBg Eanalca fron Pt, Hedland

Yooa'blrdeey BaiuOca, Boebourae, aaardee thaalfr

Mama kaamlg^ shield

Yarragurl, auntie

Jeeba Eooaei^ng Derby

Moogulyae, auntie, Boebourne

Winjan, Tonaarup . -

HjOOBUlC v:'" v.- _

Yoonda, ]^laruk:

tfillaaardef, m,, Paljeri, Boebourne

Malbarjungoo, a, Boorong "

Ballaaarin, Jowilyee, Sorthern Territory

Weelbaring, Boorong, Boebourne

Booronga, Eunburee, ^.^eenaland

Welyo, a*. Boorong, Derby

Yeelgeelyeeaarra, a. Booroog, Boebourne

Walleebillee, lightning thaaloo

Telow'ree, a», Kaiaei^, kanngee thaaloo

Boonburt, a», Tondarup, fiyittuk's husband

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ffaag'ainbuag, f.« Bannlca

la'aeean^ f. londarup, Boorong

Maabee, a., Kaiaera

Yaa'aee, f«, Kaiaera

Jeegardaitt, a., Kaiaera

Jalleora koonangoo, Boebourne oorroboree

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IfeenuQg, gua of tree, also gam tree

Boa't forget PranJc Hana's laforastioa re his haring sees

native paintings in cares, etc. on his trip to Oodnadatta.

Page 15

Boonda nganya wer*a jinga wa^*y-n/a gwahbin homa ^angayon me erexyone had or good spealcing

(Yon hare been spealcing good or bad about me.)

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If a couple find they cannot live happily together, they separate,

the wife going to live with her husband's father and mo-tiier.

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Bainbow grass used at iSaaaa wa.

Bwongul « little

Meddnp •> mnshrooffl

iulyeebuddup » Two Wells near Mt. Barker

Koabaalup beel, near Ut. Barker

Page 17

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Bgank ngnrda kocling « sun going down

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Abyam, Portbatt

Egvroonblb or itVinbeb, a loadarup, was Jcweenda boraogur*

Winbeb states that Mgoogopyuk were black haired Ballarrok with

short thick stordy legs.

Jirda^ok long legged people of the Plains.

jerrung (f.) born, in iKarrogin district. Her people were laeenaiig

and she herself was kwonnert borangur. Her husband was bwalee

borungur (zamia nut).

Uaa^agin, where the spring is in the town of Uorthan.

Eimbeedongin Pool where Korthan E. Station now is.

Toort » upper mill stone

Mortham and York people bury east and west.

Southern and Sth. western are said by Abraa to bury east and west.

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A-.Albany descent (Accounts of this occur in tne section ondescent. III.)

W • W -• .

i^ther Manitch j,-Mother WordungChildren manitch

Uale child manitch •IfMlA W jlaa M . k ^ V. *Atai -* * • -ML** • *, •<>tt#>'« - • -I >>«• ^ >Uale cnlld's wife wordungmale child's children, manitch

• . - . ...... .< .... • _

Pemale child manitch t.. . ..Pemale child's husband wordung " ' J"'Female child's children wordung

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Male child wordung

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male child's wife manitchmale child's children wordung "^v;l

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Bach of iPage

They used to spear cattle until one old cow impaled one of

them on her horn. M i -

_^ ......1^!. i. .... ., .jga^t 2g v

AMdgy

labbinyet a Wbrdungmat.His father's name Yamarr, a Wordungmnt

mother Yowinung, a UanitelUBatsister Te'tih, a Wordungmatmother's brother (honh) Yookanit, a Manitohmat

His sister Tetik's daughters :fiyinneean, Manitchvat (youngest)i«feelinyan »« (eldest)

His father's sister Bwolap, Wordungmatfather's mother Yabbarung, Manitohmat

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XowenuBgimts father, Indeewar, Manitohmat** BO-fchAI* hWAM'h'1 1VA-Mmother, Gweebilyera, Wordungmat

Tetik's husband Denin, Manitohmat

Vabbinyst's wife Marr'gaiyaa, i«.anitohmat

Wabbinyot's father and father's father were mannur (long tailediguana) beruagar, Wabbinyet mis also borungor.

(Wordungmat appear to call thoir Manitohmat grandparents iamman.)Wabbinyet eoold eat his totem - his totem was his daaj, His

mether's totem was the warre.

Vtelahamdee •> Her'West people.

Men 9 shirts 9 trousers

Amungurra, s A t ^

G\wama, s & t V i-

Mundurr, s A t ' ' ;

%ilgu.ri, s At

Gogoma^ s A t .,•'1 • ' ••.:

: • VJinnahulaitt, s At' ' • • " " ,• •':• ^ '• •

Mindari, s A t • ' ' • ---L

Guinmuria, trousers ohly (have given shirt)

Yaliiyalla, trousers only 'r •

Hujumujana, shirt only

Mgalijanu (young man)» shirt and pants

Blitafcttg, 6 full, cut these and made single,

Womhija, m*, full hlanket

• Yalliyalla m. " "

n 0

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Jinnahulain, m. single hlanlcet

Jlnnawilli, f. " "

Xnyadura, f, • •

Byudura, f, « •

Mtndari, b. « *

Harrawijini, f, * *

Gave no clothing to the men Darrganuruja, MaroBgar, BgazBhilnBS,

Kattagiri, Earrujuguna and Windi^Mindu. Had given the first

two shirts and trousers a little while age, also hlanhets,

Kattagiri only recently arrived haeh frtas the line, Sgnrahilng*

his woman Ehamhilnga amd Jihala their girl, too had, too dread*

fully immoral to do anything for. iindu^windu, for stealing the

Eapire Day tohaoee and hy inciting Sgan........ Igallilaoa

Wonguma to come into ay tont and steal it, (la«es are indistinot)

22...... .

These were glTea hlanhets a little while a£;o t-> •.yf .

X

Goyaon, Amao^rra, Mundarr, GulDBarda, Sarrgawao^a aod Marnn^ar. • 5.1

These went to 8ooh hy train and missed Saylre Bay :>

2 little girls, 8 little hoys, 3 men, 2 women.

JO little hahy frocks, 3 hlouses and yants, 10 hoys' shirts and

pants, 23 ia all* 9 reoeiTed them.

14 te haye them,

2 little girls, 2 toja, /•

!J men, 13 women, 7 hahies, 2 little hoys, total 33, settled

in group.

r^affg 2?

3 dresses given to i- - ^ ^Must make dresses for O

I nyadura .:.;f.' '% ^Karrerrga

®y«^raUanmila 3-; —

"' j. r . Hahhari 'f *Nyirana • 'x:.

Boorongunya .y: . r.BaiQ^arda "l.-

Jurduil i ^Marrawijiai

HindilyaBigainji

Mnrdigum

Bahies and little hoys, 3 ^frocks made for these :-

Gillinggi (little hoy, too young for trousers)

lardaruoggal " »

Jurduil, little girl hahy

Bgilgia » "

Bgalladaru * «

Viagingga « *

•ailguri " «

Bardana, little girl

and one other little girl

Anhungaitt, Jinnahulain's hahy

Blouse and pantsBhanggul V,l, 4^ftThaimaaa, sy gift

1:

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TaJcea from Tripp Histoiy

Aady. was taicen to H«Z. by Sir C^orge Grray. He was oae of Yal-

gunga's sister*s sons and a Toadarup. He made a reputation

for himself in the early 5*1's and 6u*s in Hew Zealand* He

was mail carrier between Timaru and Christchurcli, keeping up

|S2;v,VT_-^ •

a trot all the way. His preferred payment was a glass of rom^so

This led him/many times to prison that he got into the habit

of running straight to the prison, where he was locked up until

reaiy to leare with the mail next morning.

He was so veiy good and trustworthy with children that ho was

often given charge of a year old baby ndLon he would take aiay

with him for hours, carrying food for the child and himself*

bothers were luite happy to leave him in charge and the children

loved him because he had learned to make little bush toys for

them*

His tracking was ''native" and wonderful*

A letter had been lost between Ashburton Mrast Heal*

Andy volunteered, swam the swollen fiangitata Hlver, found the

letter at the Hind's (?) and had brought the letter baek in

four hours and of course reoeiTed his ran reward and slept in

the prison*

He took a letter from Mt. Heel to Christchurch with all the

rivers between in flood. He left at sunrise and was in Chrtst-

church Hrison before dark hating duly deliterdd the letter and

received his rum*

His liking for rum grew,and when his friends would not give him

all he desired, he beeame so threatening that he had to be

returned to Anatralia. He went badk to Swan Kiter and promptly

found and killed the man who had killed his mother. He ms

tried and hanged in Herth in 1h62.

Anfly loved children and ran bu miles te see a new baby in tJMt

family he had werked for.

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;paff9 77

A"borig:inal Sames for Elvers, etc,

(TaJcen from Perth Gazette, 1833 to 36, P. 33)

Suhmitted to eight natives, cannot be verified,

Generalljr incorrect

The Gyngoorda, probabiy Bannister's Elver

Boora,^ Leonard's Brook

Gogulgur, Avon Eiver

Bookai and Looiar, to the H, and next to the GyngoordA

Yardlegarra, west of the Mooler

Wilgy, three names given to a river that passed E. and I.

I Gatta of Perth^ rising in Goodengora and fallingVMargyningara into the sea somewhere to the H, of the Mooler,

llarnajootin, north of the Marg^ningara.

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^ SwftQ Eiver sketch "by Mrs, King

Camp at Crav/ley

Gingin 2 Kellerherrin, Victoria Plains, Guildfo-rd, Hanitch 4 wordnng• w

v • Timhal Hanitchmat

Hgilgee "

Wandioyilmernung, Wordungmat

Nehioyan "4 -

~ vv 4 generations, Israelite Bay natives

' Coranduk Victoria natives, mission

i:. Scoop, Broome, shovel, Gingin

Hgoopharn^ a Banda or Paljeri, Borthaapton

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Murehison district woman. Weld Range, nose tiptilted, iiJce -^epetals of her her own wild flowers

Murchison hahy £0^ months old

Yalgoo Kaimera girl, full face

profile

yalgoo Banaka, showing curly hair and full heard

Ornaments 1 karheeree, long thick human hair rope used for

projecting magic sometimes attached to pointing stick, De Grey

2 jooha, forehead ornament, made of human hair. Be Grey

3 woogarree, human hair string, spun hy the last Gingin native

4 nanhar, girdle of human hair, with native huckle, Buketon

3 wilijee, tuft of hawk's feathers, stuck in forehead hand, Buketon

6 oorgiddee or yaggeerae made of opossum fur used as foreheadhand or necklace, Buketon

^ munijee, made from murxaroo or boedee's tail tips, worn athack of headband, Buketon

8 nanhar belt without huckle

1 heera heera dance, Ashhurton, Porteseue and Hoehourne dlstrietathyragis or shaved sticks, the shavings being attached to the 'stick in little hunches. Shared sticks are also stuck in thehair, which is padded with fine grass* The web shaoed honsdress is used throughent the State.

2 War dance of Bor*lteat aatiires. The twe old women are iDai-ki,,**the men to kill

3 Shield dance, hair painted and stiffened with grease.

4 Native method of making fire. Many of the hush natives wha»decorated remind one ef early £g>ptian seolptures, the ueintegbeard has a little hall of hair mud and grease and bloodattached to It,

\

.i. Ccoatimied)

^ manner of sifting seeds and pounding roots, the third womanhas provided the meat for dinner in the shape of a snakeher yandee or thagga holds water. *

6 A native duel, showing one of their attitudes.

7. Kative women fighting, attack and defence ,

8 Hative hair cutting with meero and native axe

^ Family on tramp, method of procedure lage *79

10 Koehourne district Paljeri man, showing decorations and type

11 Widow in mourning, Broome district

2 Fitzroy Eiver native, showing type of physique of Boorong division

^,4 Beagle Bay Kaimera type, showing scars on "breast

^ Natives of Broome and Beagle Bay preparing for "battle,showing fighting attitudes

6 Beagle Bay Paljeri woman, showing straight nature of hair andmethod of wearing forehead "band.

7 Necklaces of pipeshell, larra, worn at "back of head. Severalspecies of fish, all drawn hy Broome district Boorong

8 Shields, spears, spearthrowers, and "boomerang, drawn andcolored hy Billingee, a Broome district Boorona. Their kaileeaor langee are made from various species of wood and take theirspecial names from the woods of which they are aade.

Broome Boorong man, left handed, snowing scars, manner ofthrowing lanjee and onnying of weapons

10 Same man, showing scars on shoulder, hack and arms,in the Northern districts these scars are always made hvbrothers-in-law on each other.

11 Decorated man, head ornament of bark or light wood. Sideornaments of hair wound round cross sticks, the ends tippedwith tufts of feathers, shaved sticks held in the hands Md? Across the back. Feather tufts in arm bands.Drawing made by Billingee, a Broome Boorong.

" al»«lon, lurlnfi th. Tlslt of Kr. north.13 Carved boab nut, Kimberley district

14 Clubs (nowloo,wannal) Koolmeelanjee and Jarrongur lanJee.Mas with webbed headdress tipped with feathers, larra drawnand coloured by Billingee a Boorong

1^ Beagle B^y Mission types

16 Sunday Island Boorong, showing head decoration of cockateofeathers, alee curly nature of hair.

t*l Vatlve drawings on rock faces and basaltic column, discoveredby Mr, BroeiaBaa and party, Northifest Kimberiey

It will be oeticed that the figures have no mouths- some aativeeheUevlng that if they drew a meuth on the figures some evilmagic might be uttered against them, others say that the drawInge don't require mouths te speek witji. in some districtsthey believe that the voice of spirits comes from their ara-pits and not from their mouths.

19 Yiew of locality where drawiaga were dlscorered. The plaeeis also made a receptacle for the hones of persons who haTsbeen hurled in trees. These places are sacred to all hntjalngangooroo or sorcerers.

20 More distant view of locality• ^

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The LaTerton and Metizies aatlves IDce Hor'West aatiyes to eat;

they are sweet, hut they do not like halfcaste, too much

"sour fellow".

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(See cannihalism^ VXII)

Egoorloo = wild people

Ka^gara people at Leonora

Eeharrga, Banaka, Boorgooloo, all the same

Kalmera and Meelaag%, all the same

Moogin is Kalmera, also Meelanga.

Eoorong father has Tharrooroo son.

Tharrooroo father has Boorongoo son,

Boorgooloo father has Kaimera son.

Kalmera father has Boorgooloo son,

Boorong mother,

Boorgooloo child,

Boorgooloo mother, Boorongoo child,

Kalmera mother, Tharrooroo child.

Tharrooroo mother, Kalmera child.

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The Mission wongeo (speech) is called Xongur or Yonngur wongee.

The name of the pool below the ijonasteiy is BooreeJ or Booreejla*The green-topped hill is Jooain murra (near road towards MopiSLbur)«,The high point at the other side of the road is Koondurt»

The Mowra pool is near Jooain miirra.

Ehe first three natires to approach Saltrado and come under hisInfluence ^ ib46 were ;

Mindeemurra' ••• jr. -• ^

Daggaingurt# .* VM V

Biljra-goorong

and these were the first people he ciTiiised; Mindeesrurra wasSgaamu^un or Kgammugun (Shther-brothcr relationship) to Bsggitogurtand Bilyagoorong. Doggaingurt was laiaran's (Clara's) father^

Mindeemuwra's half caste son is married to KaJJanan's hai-r oastedaughter Margaret,

-• . ..

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Woola-woola « proud (Daniel's (Jangell's) word.)

Bunbung's sister SlisA calls namesaXe kwelunguttuk.

Dandarragan people are Yabbaroo.

Kangar, EastV/ardal^ westJeeral, northBaiool^ south

Kaiaran, Clara is yengar maia

Koongean is Jooerung mala.

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BorduDSaa sa^s that iftanoitch came fzom ioiatieeuiig way and

wordung came yahharoo ^»ay,

Eaagarttoolc and jSgogocyulc are also toiuneeung way.

Baaluk: (blacx-toy} has hrowii gam, the hor (aahither hp^cies of

hlacJChoy) has yellow gam. The tor is the hard rush hlacichoy.

There were some walgunuog horungur (rainbow totem) people in

Albany district, but they are all dead.

Wailcing on the traclc = maatai gaoling

garlypB

In the district surrounding tfuraargo, the male generative organ

is called weeloo, tne female willa.

Straw necjced ibis is called wilow-f willoo is also the sea.

The boy when taken for circuaoision is called wi^janoo.

Circumcision is called me kcrraboolyo, subinoision weead.

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Walitch borungur lived Albany way, all now dead.

Bullroarer, xoomp-boil, wallabirdee, darrba-garrba,-rv.t

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Bsoeraaca names for fiPgeCTThumb mar ngani: (JooweX}1st finger, maan2nd finger-, yoo*arl (also ac^es)5rd finger, kaliunuk4th finger, Jcowin

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Sordenan states that two woggal ate two women and then went into

the springs at Daalangup^ where the/ now are. Ko v/omen could gonear the spring. (see ngrths, etc.)

hgaaulc* thumb

Haam^ 1st finger

Borong, 2nd fxiager Bordeuan and Binoaran^s wonges

Koolingurt, ^rd finger (see their Tocabulaiy)

Koweree^ 4th finger .

Meenut^ ahbijer m AlhatQr j?eople.

Ifebbin/et is beel kal^ meer bwool s a lot of /ungar

Obbijer « women at yardee time. Women dance at Yardee, the dancebeing called yogga yardee. They wear jaalyee horns. Otherdances are nyeerimba. Yakkaroo and Mardawa. I^goolyinuk. headornaments worn at .Vanna wa. They bury the effigy after the oere-raony, same as Vasse people and put their jalyee round the grave.The Wanna wa came from waddarndee and Eibbnlmnh people,Wellip is the name given to a soft stone found in a swamp atYeelap and taken out and burned before being fit for use.rtu, Blbbml go tB.Phlllij,. EiTor, the oiurdawa ar. bahind the BibbuX,

(the above dances are described in XI.)

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Kaaladiik and kailespgur synonymous

Seme eat their horutisur, others do not eat them,

Mammungurt, woonda not used here,

liear Bridgetown, Eardeet's wongee

Deedarr, iuail or plover

Darndaling • heaven

Darramirra « name given to ay magic stick

lloorndok, fern

Boorlgur, gumnut

Walungin, vine runner, "blue flowering

llo shields.

Kgalhaitch, miles K,W, of tTerramungup

2<lgunneeung - ngunniungur, Warleetcn horung^u: all dead, they

came yahharoo way,

Boon*yung and heeheenung, 2 species of hirda who are what ths

natives call corrohoree birds.

Yoomur is dwert and taamar boruogur.

kValyaa marraa ngandano (lightning» clouds, etc.)

Barrail murnaa ngandano

Yoggurt «= sun

Kooberdeeuk, Toopia*s proper husband, a Wordung, dwert boruogur.

Dadda (for dhata, thatta, etc, Oomes in bgalhaltoh^s •eeabulaiy;wedde, bad, also comes in,) Doorarn, blo«diole at Doubtful

Island where natives go dowi.

Hgoonara « subincision.

Kaiali people call stranger natives booyunguttufc, waaa woondul

and Baaduks,

Ngalbaltch says that the wej made a lake of kwennert and the wejand jooteetch turned into yungar and turned all the other birdsand beasts as well.

Bgalbaitch has a legend that the dwerdnk killed all the ym^arexcept two, a man and a woman.

Brsker people call Jerramungup people kunneexing, western.

Inland people are koolee, oeast people wadlarndee.

* ' ' [

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.Easa-ii"'^.•

,£lAg]v^oo^ d3.3-t;rl<?-^. Bordungan's wongee.

liio i^ungar at Buatleyuag.

Would Eliadarea, lightning^ and biudardee "ownerless" have aoy

ooaaectlou?

Vi, -Ti

tfilliaiBg districtr Bardil'a - - ' • .

Kgardar, the name given to the little taice which the "boys

pretended were icangaroos, "Xou can have the head," said they,

"you can have the thigh," until the mice were all divided, ' v

(see complete version of this in l<yth3 section,)

Baahur (Boonan wongee) called the noi^ih wind wannawaguttufc.

»»ij.y.-T .V". .

IM »

Bwongara wonga » hear and speaJt '."1 . ^ '-V •-'C

Certain winnaijung trees are marJced when passing, •

Mrs, A,i, Hassell said that certain trees ware marked for ' ^

males and females. Would it he when the horungur died?

not sex hut horungur.

Cumulus clouds are called men and hindardee, cxrro cmnuli,

are yogga, Deeda c little fish

Mel ngomon, eyes hig^ a term used when going through forest at

night, the starlight making all the trees seem alike,

f -

Eaahur and Hyllgee, .Yftripys Bjalpfftg ' *

Doonan, Beejoordin dahhun v 7/ -i

Borrong, Myohhin dahhun

Jahhun, Battoyn Jahhun

IT.

Kaanya hurdasga - I had a fight

log, in, inning, anning, Bgalyart^s dialect

Maia hoondoo wongaga, voice true talking

All Tondarup are mungaitch horungur, Gooanuk are gab horungur.

cawd"^^®' Kgttlyart»s name for magic ciystal Ualyarn white stone)stick, etc.

Yeoadda, instead of yooat, a final syllable added, moorda^oopinCeerda geerla instead of gert gert, yalla, that.

Markings were made en trees to signify special fishing places,also eorreheree grounds. In the latter ease these places «erstTolded,

Dongara apparently namedefter wattlehikd Icngaruk.

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'••^ Page $6 (coat.)

Ka.i:}amaa*a wogi^ee

Curious word yaly' * shallow.

Beerongoo, species of kingfisher, see Southern Gross.

NgyQQBl?4"b*g 'voy^^g

Jeekok are long noses Bgogonyuk, kwerra ("brush kangaroo) denote#

a final syllable added. liannaitoh instead of mannitch.

The final syllable is added now, beera » nail, nganga « mother^

mara = hand, dworda or dwerda « dog, warra » female kangaroo,

deerandee s. northern word for black cockatoo, red tail^

weja c emu, wocima = another.

konnop says native doctors used werrgo, a short stick pointed at

both ends,of the thickness of one»s thumb and blackened, about3 la. long. Ihey pierced the Injured part and the atlL w.utInrlaihUr through the patient's hody and returued to the ewu,rewln. Bad eyes were suoked hy the doctor, and buiya put laafterwards. For toothaohs they hare out the jaw, leaves ofjaawood have been heated and applied to wounds, also hot ashes.

iSlipt peeled stick -^»«roo-noeroo. nane of ohurlnga in

• uf' "•*

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fialbnk ^

•ftr&aruk, banboo grass stallcs lUi&s Into tubas for drioklng

Bungaltch mixture.

Mra. Thornpgon. Kullagine. Peedong » straw neck ibis, peedinga »

fresh water tortoise, Pilbarra • mullet, daense « aged, pardoo »

down, short hair, magic board « pilbenburra, used by koko - deril,

kmata « far away, doooma « upside down, nullioima kala » make a

fire, eejala « now, at once, tchitarree « wait

Billiiigaa

It Broome the initials 2t X '^^re distinguishing features.

Koordoodoo « heart, kajjoordoo « limestone, binds binds « butterfly,

beedee « sea, kalboogup ^ waterfall, bannagup « east (wind),

kaj^oorda « asnes, beeda •> by and by, noorogoon mama «> to burn,

yalbooroo > friend, go « manaa, kooiarra « two, ko^^mal^ina »

mothers, marrongain ngooroo or marrongin « brothers, wallaballin «

Bwther and children, bibbinya • uncle and nephew, yarra eeree

tehallihge, or jarra eeree tchallago » our nephew or our boy.

, wools inbul > raining, goonaboola « is it going to rain.

Throwing the lanjee towards the right » joorungln, towards the

left * paldharringin, straight in front » joongarra, walgu »

sum, meerijal « moon, kardimba • nosestiok, also bees wax.

majjangoola, beerabab, weedoo Jandoo, bindain jandoo « big gkrls,

wabberaogo, keerabiddse « big boys, that's all right » kaala

uaabes, that's wrong • knmba maaloo maabee, tangled • jaggol*

jaggel, jeemarree » wife, yalaa » sisteroin^law, w%Igura « sister-

in->x<^w or brother-in-law, Jandoo, kooloo, woorin, woorain « wifo

or woman, ko«»al|eaa, nleeos, JarraaoUa » brothers-in-law and

sisters-in-law, vroongamin « grandparents, woongamin "tohallal"

relationships. (That is, those who must hot marry each other

theuih of aarxying elaesee. )

mmwxirwL • mothers-in-law, wallee • meat.

ial^ m lisard, wuleo • u#at, ^rl girt » to tie up, walg' • eun,

laiab » stealing.

li

O^ruag . MMUi, toharl • leg, enlfaf also 4angalla,

.. —'Op*"

rlr •

•

Safiday lilaad (coatloaad)

nargalal . spottad flaoh» vhlte re«^ heron « rS-i, c^oora ngooxa «

fly, boara (is it bora?) - ground or oountry, peelarra » foliage^

alingoyn » rainbow, inderee » star, bamborr « blind, Icoolea «

to breah, bardajinna s depart, ngullum « disgust, ngai eean

nuiaman » I desire, baria » go away, uaba « oan, tchsjabararree ,

knife, nunnaiBoor » spill, tchallanda » friend, pooroo « kasisaroe,

ing*ar oy-jee » he has been killed.

(see Tarioos Tocabularies for above words.)

Ynloya,

Xoolbarra, Perth natives are called by the Laverton natives who

call themselves koggara^ "booee", strangers are coming, aara

aaamardoora •> thumb, aarirooroo > fur string wound round bei^d

which is brought to a point, manma » far away, naareu »

fellow, moorneeo « knife, kal koolila » listenlKoordoodoo s heart, rather like Doonan wangee.kr. Young gives Tammalee as brother-in-law (Duketon).

Yangeena kajja « Yangee*s hair

Hgar CaaffgTafg, oeva mammardoora « thumb.

Long drawn out final vowels peculiar to this distridt - yalda-a-a-e

(cold), nganjoo kammardee o-o-o^o - ny uncle. Similar to Chinese.

When bad women bear a ehild the baby is burnt. Mien kurrajoog

seeds are first eaten they bring blood to the memth ef the water

but after a little time the blood ceases, the seeds know the

eatersl Mooga m kurrajong seeds.

Mialliae ^ boorong woman oalls her Tharrooroo nephew "kangoo*,

to distinguish him from her son-in-law wbo is also *mephew* te

her.

I(yingaia - ant-eater.

Cardee gardee f wanaingee » spider web (headdress)

Vingades is ngabba koondain - wallaby tetMi (aot eaten),

fiddlgiirttt

Ihe 4<*ojoonee (native oat) was ehanged iate stons at kornballee T,

llyooluromat « kingdishers, bittangal, keondan » bsrmngmr.

yarda, eaglehawk, bittangal are in kakkara eemnta^. 8eae •?nililei

people are kara bittangal. fie nurdar in Keolgardee, it has te

be obtained in kaialee eeuntry. Bal^arra » spiaifoxj Jcaddeea is

marda (hill) bittangal and weena (littla Uawwv ^ .bittangal.

Booctyoo^s information.

Boooyoo is a Yaliilierra native, S.E, of Laverton

Our (we being Boorong) grandfathers are ileelanga,

" " " n grandmothers are Eoorongoo,

Thufflh, mara mammardurra, mammardoora f. - . - t*:- —•* •• • . •.. ^ - r ... ....

-V* • sT"

1st finger, mara halga

. . r":..._•. -•. •• .« - ... « i4 .... •• • .3rd

4th

Great toe. Jinna mammardoora

2nd, Jinna ngaalee

3rd " «

4th " R• • •♦, - K-

3th " n

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According to Bootyroo and l^ooadeei^ Meelanga and Kaimera are

the same, and can many Boorong*

Banaka catch Tb%rrooroo'. . , . i .i."

> V .V • - •• ,« . - . .!¥•,•,-... .

Boorgooloo catch Tharrooroo ''. ' •^•'-'

Beharrga eateh Tharrooroo

(see Marriage Laws in Section III)

9Q

Biddooroo, string attached to heard which is brought to a point.

It Leonora,

Malaejra man marries Boorongo woman; children are Boorgooloo.

Boorongo man marries Kaimera woman; children are Tharrooroo.

Banaka and Meelanga are supposed to come from the Scut)! d southeast,

(Copied for Social Organisation Chapter)

.'-i

M P. 98 (oont.)Sontharn Crog«

V •

The Southern Cross oatlTes weat as far as iiooaanBllaa» Kullina,

Koolgariee and nearly to Kellerherrln, they got their wItos

along this road.

Goondain s big yeenma^ ^ilberee » little yeecsia; dhalgoo and

wanna waggoo are all along river side^ not inland.

Story of wordung and opossum. Wordung wouldn't give f^sh

water to opossum. Crow and eaglehawk stoxy ale» told here.

Stony country., booree

When a thick fog rises the natives break a stone into faeall

pieces and throw the pieces into tbe fog.

The kaialooloo « kaialee people, eat those they kill,

lalgoo . blood. Jalgoo is supposed to be a blood drinking

ceremony, but the custom if it existed is not followed in the

South.

Wilgee at Mt. Jaeksea only, not a Southern Cross. iCooloyn . good,

dilgeree * necklace, ngoorloo > big maxlted sticky a large

ysssms.

Three or four wives were the limit. Page 99

Meerdar kening is danced at Southern Cross.

Brrrrr « strangers coming

There is a bright green bush grswing at Southern Cross, karrara,,

which is also calls Tondarup.

Half caste children are always eaten by the Xallin^ee people.

The dead go westward.a ngalboo

To dream of a ngalboo/bittangal is oeming.

Gweeya dreamed he saw some hgalboe ecmiing towards him and when

they came close to him they tumbled down. He oame to the e amp

and fomnd'Koolong (Billy) who is ngalboo bormagur, very ill, aM^

he knew that Billy would soon die.

atftgffi if Miiw inlrtBg hi Iirghtiibbih

weedeeroo * tooth knocked omtkarrbilda » going into the buShmoola meealda « oirotmicisiombaata miSmunda « lat subincisionbaata maggooleo, 2nd «baata noolurr, finishod man

I;. - .

".V 'f'

;:>. •--.-jf"-••""'i

' .1.

p.-; r.

•Page (coatlmied)

1 good vmlaaoa is worth 9 boordoa.

The opossum wild oat and emu story also here, hut the Jooteetch

had to run after the emu, and he caught her this side of kafflmooning

(Charlie Hill). Emu brothers ran.after the ^ooteetch and speared

him and speared him and that's why ^ooteetch are all marked*

All the people at Kammooniog are ^ooteetch totem (hittaogal).

The ^ooteetch ran into the menna (gum) tree tops.

i, a mimturs of inland and coast dialects.

Policeman are called Icwuriling, a species of parrakeet.

/The wordung and opossum water stoiy. Opossum drank up all the

water and rma any southward. He smelled the water in the

wind that had blown orer it.

They drink blood at Horseaauy ITaser Bangs, etc.

Sarreeja « chignon."i •

Btir PftUftflwU

U«*a bain * dumb

Yardee • massage sticks probably only sent out for yardee

eorroborea*

tfoma *> sear (Helm's nrd)

All banjoo (turkey) totem people are inland and round Balladonia.

There are no karrgain borungur because kargain is boss.

Meer-meer bemngur were to the north of Balladonia.

Karrgain base* and when any smoke rises there he is.

Xeemmmg (aeeerding te Jimmer) are all ngoera (black opossum) - wok

aid ^eoga wuk (wild eherzy)

IMLdamdoo are dwerdawuk* lorth of waddarndoe are goomalwuk.

Werdung yeengare, Wordungmat

Beenam yoengara - H^mitehaat

Yeelerm weejaala bimeaiee - look out, ^UHmeit coming

Sumny and nMunramiadee art sji^rdaeiuiia.

fho dead go mmnga marnmeo •> oast

Xgabboo Bgabboo > vainbow; boona boona • lAiirlwind

ioojoroe woegeo » wooja « to go?

Kaj^ilgarra would be a Paljarree up north, his mother O TheOhi^OO

Page 99 (cent.)

going into the Boorong diTision.

Balyarree » mad, halyarree silly -

Jeejert JeeJerts o^ealy person

Maaloogoo waggoo huxda hoa « i^ite maa aaJcing fire

Baialgarra peojjle are called dhattal jeera • th^ say dhatta

for "no good".

If hoys are ngangar (oireisaoised), fathers must he ngangar too*

lAlhen a doctor dies, all his magic goes into another doctor.

. r Hair apron worn after initiation » ngoonyeree.

Bead go eastward.

^^9 IVW

Bandarragan

weejarres » wal]c or go, wongarra , crow horongar all deadJooleep • man^s apron, goodhoo (swan) horungor also all dead.

: Meenungarrung « manna or wild sngar. Croolaara is a Xahharoo

rt woman hut has a Wattarndee man.: ingardee a circumcision* Barramurra, uagio stiolc. Tiotoria Plains

Baaftuarwga are auHerarra from Baadumrttga*

At Wannawaggoo Goolaara states If the yeuag womaM were ast gi^en

'1 to the young man who aslced for her^ the guardiaa (am eld woifta)

would he hilled*

Batteega peopleo ailed wannawaggoo hoondoe.

Marah

Baateega people would prohahly he named tToa Baadee or haatee « mo,

£Ai£fiABadBL

^oongarra « totem. Manningyou was icarAar yuagairra.

Carnamah people are dhowarngoo*

Change comes ia here. imfioag » hlachfellow

Ammeetha •> hrother-in^law

Amma > father, amharaoo « unole, ardoe » huehand, owwa «

maa - hand (marratharra is e moolyee wamaa, Sast ef Boagara),

indoo « sun, o*pee . shia, wetha • olwh, TarAa » eewered my*

Would this relate te yardee« eerroheree?

iannamarreo = headdress ef feathers mixm hy wamaa

Hoo3^ meera « hair string iMWMid head. Manner ef ealliag deg «

pee pee pee pee.

Sast ef Bongara in Marratharra'e eeantry^ |sa Ag ei*l* %m the

t-Jptj • •-tT.T.3

'"r )( J

Page 100 (coatiuaed.)

«B& of the word Instead of "tha" as at Dongara (Athaloo «

underneath}, goaloo, rmxj good

jeorda ^oorda etc. (mata gen « all own brothers,

hoota ^n, one mother, koota koojal, two mothers) ..

fiyinnee yakkow kooteea » you come by yourself.•.it,".''**-*

•Wrt-iow*waia m there, owwara « nottrue -

; -'.-S.. ' •

• ••• •• • ^ I"

hangoobulla yarroka » what are you two doing

Alia ga ardootha « she is ay wife

Marratharra's hames for their Bongara natires are as follows :•>

Kooreen - goonalingi^unnagurdee ~ r i:Sanda '.V;/ "-...-Thowarngoo, Carnamah and Xandee ^Barnong, Eyeerrgoo . • ' VBaggooroo, Greenough 7^ -7Thaggoora, close to fiunnagurdee and Handa -7 .Mardooyeera, close to Tha^oora " i 'Mooroolee olose to Mardooyeera ,Baggoo or yTeereegoorna East V fioornaagoo and AeejaareeWardaloo S.E., tall people southKarbulyeera, S.E,Wajjarree, "half way east"

Marratharra's songs are in her Tocabulaxy,

Bongara people belong to the sea and the rain and the water

generally. tfiajarroo is rain (booadee) bernngur. He Is

Eedaiyok ai^ Ballamk and belongs to the ooast. He is beeloo

kal, "rain belt",

Jeemeree and Kaiaera are two terms used during the Boolgoo;

the men ta}» the stranger women, learing their women for the

stranger men.

Marratharzm newer had hair under her armpits. - S;-

'f.

tV •

• • i,-." ' •

• it'- •

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t.. r-'"''-.77 7, ..-7

... _ I - •.» .... • Ai,. t\ . - •

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oafertgMLft

At oakatella the most extraordlaaxy dialect oomss 1&» Certain

Towels are lengthened oat with a sort of guttural and forced

aspirate between them. Pee*-ee * uncle, aaga^a » to see,

wonga-a n to speak, miloo ba*a* » wiokiog, wa*-aa oogoo « hawk,

woo*ita n fish, indee*a « star, aaa*nga » neck, natire cat «

thia»tha~goo (th hard as in thick), otho » dog (th always hard)

Koorilthoo s swan, waj^anoo « fire, warroo « sue.

Tlllm'blrrge

Twin Peak

Imnatha » father (tha reiy hard), andhareeta » graodfather,

ardootha » husband, amaa qjreera * father none (the negatire

in several dialects, when attached to a word, differs from the

usual teiifi for no. See other dialects), molya > no, usual word.

Pelican (ainoogoo) people were at Kt. Wittenooa. Pish were

speared, weirs and brush fences also made.

Bungarra wan*nai*ee - where saw hia (buegarra)

warra'in'oo (aspirate) blowfly

]iiadee'in*oo « beetle, dhera la*in*oo > eentipede,

yath'ango yat»gunda » I go to the big cave (yatha - oaTS).

Gooanoo « white, eea « hillock, wa woorool at-tee • fog,

alkardee, Kt. Wittenooa

lieaba • gum, Ingarda are at Shark Bay, lhaaalee, Hurohison,

Hando koorlee Korthaapton.

Kooba - Geraldton people. Moon waxing « eeriaba lylnaa «ee*«.ee

(aspirate). Pool in river « oorasMlleo

Gum resin of blaokboy - oora, eaarise « warrwe inneen daavee (asp.)

War*ft (aspirate) • vezy bad

Waa*Ma*ee « string neeklaoe.

They went to ^algoo for corroborees at tiaee.

Balgomain is ngarrilya ngalloangee (a eye^es^of'̂ treegrowing in Guilewa district).

Bo tooth kaeoked out at BeggaJjt tine.

Balgeaain calls nuaaagurdee agaadeegardta

Dringa er doorin^ . a lie, deceiving

Subinelsion praetised,. no tooth knocked eat.and oiroaaelsion

t

.••r • - A " •• • • f • •

•• • • t..... ;. • .

•••• • 'i -i? .

Page 101 (oont,)

Muggabeea (Isallheaded)

Mt. Ka^^oet people are called Yallandhurra by the Hurrum natiTcs

and yalgoo are aeemuog people, Murrun are Vitanmala.•-.-.•i-wg-

. . - I • -v -

The Yalgoo aatives were cannibals. -.x-xxAw u.a.(«.x.v90 vauUiikw<M.o • -

• V j .

Chignon, thabbagooreo.

Kardeegardee, spider webbed "mask"

•Eaaeree ^ small yeenaa • -y •^\'k *'H - , ... wr .♦

. .. .. X . • * •

Kardeegurdee, spider webbed aaak •

Beenarra * chignon ; qyai^ree » iweall yeeuew, " -

Seneree » large yeeima

Xaanajee sonetines give their wo&en ngalloonga, either their owq

or a new one, Sgalloongoo not eaten. They are given as a

token of affection.

Koorooyeoa, Jinny 's second naae

Binnat m hair apron, Mindoola

There were eaglehai^ and black cockatoo (white tail) ng^oongoe

in this district. A kangaroo song is sung at Kowiroo.

Byooaoa, the owl, is the aaaaan of all yaaoajeOf karreedee says,

Sendeoree or yeenarree « big carved stick, also the dark patch

in the Ifilky lay, called yeenna in other districts,

hyeeroodoo or Boolaja aade all the hills as he travelled eastmu^

(keggan) , d'rings « day» ioornee abbow > to aanse, wardaaat -

heat, nyaneree » little builroarer, also mirroodee, beela . sty,

inyarreeabbow « to exohaage, naana bow - cooked neat,

barndee abbow • to cure, Jooziaee ninaa bow » laughing, ngarreea.

ngallee « we all sleep together, Bilyoonoo • i«iaaio*s name for

infant betrothal, ngoola aunna bow or ngoola autsya bow «

ezying and very sorry, boegan bow » to spill, jiaha warndoo •

nurderor*s slippers of string and onn feathers,

koolgoerda « X didn't hear, inyaba niwea •> giving it milk,

geemnan ganaa « poor faliew, kwardee - directly, ngallee yarra »

we will ge, balls nyinM * thewe sitting, balla yanaa » gone there

ngoora yoela « at the eaap, kaggool - self, agooranga - at the eaap.Two woaen friends ge with the ngalleoagot yarra.

Beenarra • chignon

•••1. ?c

•' -I*;-*- • •

I •• •

: y .y

Ptt^a lui (eoat.)

Koor^urdee gurdee *> the little ball aads of hair, hlood and othar

sahstanoes, attacned to the saa*s heard.

Chipping on stone faces, hands, feet, claws, etc* are the

onl/ paintings.

]S«W. hring kailees, E. and H.E. hring spears, etc.

liardeea » manner of ealXing sister-in-law hg^ aan,

Yftfttolinff (Wering's wosgee)

The howars or rosella parrot hron^t flre«

lialhxmdarree - the hird that cries nt-a-a.

Celgoo - enclosnre whore /oung oen stagr hj thenselTes.

ftxraarree, young women's enclosure, the older women are sometimes

in this enclosure. The last A'annawagoo ceremony was held at

Bererley* tfeenia, old men in charge of delgoe and huraarree.

last Xeenyeelae vExchange) near Xalgoo.

Bead people haunt the pluses idiere they hawe died, and hnsM

jingee for a time and then turn into hirdn, aoiaaln.

yoonmee is Kajjaman's sister.

BflgthaaptftB (Uundhonga's wongee)

Slather's brothers'or father's sisters' own children call eaoh

other wajjeera,

iannawarra » cockatoo (generic).

Jh takes the place of iii and J..

Mardawa ain^inoo « Xwrk deril, ookooroo • ^edpsle, ieerardoe >

the bird oalicd Mr. lentot, waj^aneo • flre« Bgailo<MJigo« -

oo'a s resin (blackbcy), eereejoo » rain, kaasgoo - aan, waainya •

TSgetable food, moggabeen « bald, mardawa • polieeman or handsaffn,

agadhn koorandha yaanung » I «a going before yon*

laaaalee people drink blood men ill.

Small bullroarer » ngarreedaN

Gooraa'ee (aspirate), no geed, badu.

Old Billy of Geraldton was dheodheo ngalleens^a.

fiaada and Ennnagnrdee haTw differaat dialeets.

Eandee geobalya ngarree « look out, I'm going te lie down

Bibbeeroo • nagie pearlshell, thaanara » ronnd mapad pearlshell,

neerln maerin, obloag shell.

• •yf •'

^^9 102 (ooQtiauod)

S^arrooda « little 'buUroarer, yeeaarree » long bullxoarer.

Ill dead oatlTes go ifedloon(ga after a tloe.

Koondbarxabee « staglc snalce, also booraara

Xoogalba (now dead) a iSselooD/oo^ Western man, of Geraldtoa»

wae the i^ool^ardoe or sorcerer of that district,. . . 'i ..

Thowangoo are at Camaaah • - ' '

Xhe Geraldton people are ireeloodhanna or weelanjroo,

Waneala people call oaaip aaggoo.

Use Baialyoo people WoDaagordee^ barrooldee (on Xalgoorlie side)

iiaialeet /alladiiurra and Baadeeaaia (> last salted near >/aiutala)y

Weeloonga people call caap ogoora, also Sanda, bnigarna, figardea.

aura, Tbewarogoo (Carnamah), ^ijjaaree (Moora wax) •

ipeav Hill diatriot (Byingarree, a bird), ogalloodha's wongee,

Warlaa*d* • temple (curious pause on "d")

tbaabal ngo'eegoo « to yaws^ Dbarramurra « clouds, nalarree «

pleiades, bereen - bald, barlea*d' » covered up, baeogoo . gam,

aeeroodee > larra, talyee » shaved sticJc, bereen «. bald

la preMmuiBiDg the a da aalboe the tongue was plnoed between

the teeth.

This tern gives its nans to a dialect, naa*gooleV *> what

Poisenene gun used to fix the irtiite flints on the icaiyara, spear,

used for war purposes to Icill the eneny. Mobburn is also put

la the barroo or blaohboy dsa of other spears. Sgalloodha did

net haow where or froa what tree the weerdee weeree was obtained.

Soaewhere la Meelcatharra district there are some aative paintings,

on granite roehs at the foot of ilhish is a aativa spring.

Tiai j^iatiags represeat a snalEe, the spring ai^ a beegoorda

i^^oagaroe). le one Ma approach the spring except the aobbum

aea, the real spring is supposed to have a reel snaXe in it, a

jeela or aagie snalce. There ie a tree called aalbara Inside the

spring near Heekatharra and the seeds of this tree are a native food.

Stones (aurda) obtalMd freai the aagis spring ware msad to sure

diseases. Karduagee a Jhiliarree ms the last aebbura wui, he

deeiee • elilgaeii stirlag.

-u..,

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Page tu2 (coutiEraed)

Moraree Station and Xooldhura, H.W, of fianoine^ Bgoonjeeja*»

wongee* I being a Boorong call old Kaiaera women mang*o.

Eyeejanning^oo has mcoroowa (stars) for her ngalloongoo.

Beedu = bald

Champion Bay barroo (gnm) used on clubs*

Egoonjee^a (contd.)

Tuchanarra natives are wannala and boggoomala

tLake^a;^ are hoggara , Pea3c Hill Beedungoo, Bannine "little

bit" ii/Auaala, Meegatharra Beedungoo, Gabbamintha and Yagabon

Weeloo and Meenyoo Ingarda E*nV Uoraree yabbaroo and yabbaroo*^

gurra, j^edealye is little bit Wanmala and little bit Meenang*

gftfig 1,04

WaTHgnn and Yalladhooroa (£. of PeaJc Hill), Kajjeera*3 WoOgM*

Oolandha- to oxy

fiaiaree » plelades

Joordoojoo « sisters ; yaagoodhoo « mothers, maomadhoo « fathers

Egowalana ngoora a'ba*deh* yannagoo » 1 might go this afternooa

They traded for Q hinds of spears, 2 boomerangs, 2 clubs,

mirroodee (bullroarer).

1 tooth is knookei out at Heelgoe (initiation) oorroberee*

Warroo - the old man who looks after the women*

Sgooloon or karngoo « the young men's enclosure

Ueeril)ee •> the wemen's camp at Karngee (iS^owiroe time),

Xooloo)ae « the old man who looks after the men nt karngoo*

Va))eera's brother £edseya is ngoodhanoo ngalloongoo «. jmweiril

seed totem.

Stages of initiation : )oonja murda, little boy about te be tmloimnylnu&agoo « aese piercedweelga warndee « teoth extracted

/Hoonma or dheenma * cirecmeision^Jeeda geordoo « visiting the camps te

See tfa)4aera*s vocab- colloot friendsulary for situation ngardinga « going into the busk for a timeof families in camps^ beggaries m subineision (Ist)also for points of burdanoo » blood drinkingthe compass kallaioora » 2nd sabineisieia(end of the book) yarrin yoenee « eovered with dheearree

yallara « when he is first married

Peedung people could ge as far ms heekatham S. laatwaxd and a#

far aast as thay likad, net veiy fa* nerth er aouth.

Page 1Q4 (coat.)

ifeega Station district^ Koadeebomur's wongee.

Xoordilgoera » a aec^claoe woTa rouad the aecJc of a betrothed

child, soaetiises given "bj the man to whova she is promised.

The aec^ace ma/ be of striog. shells or even stoaes.

Bars or colours of the rainbow e warrooagooroo, father

All the folloTing except those marked x understood by the

Meega people

Yabbaroo. north, Yabbaroogurra, M.W. :

liyoogan, II.

Goordoo wonga II.li.tf, ..1-, -

tfaianminmana, 1,

Bajjoomaia tf.S.tf. long naif

Hgabbee aaia wonga, S. ~ iK

Bjrilla wongara, S.S.fi. . • ^ -'

X Yoongarree wongara, £.

X B/oobeerdee wongara, £• ""

Karroodha wongara, B.B.JB.Pallaea wongara, H,E, :

X Hgabbee eenyama, B. • :

X Eoorila wonga I.tf. Ashburton

1<rf

.. ..

•; • r

The/ driak blood at Jangara but the/ do not use warrangu^jee,

enljr a sharp stone. The/ oai/ earr/ Z Jcoondee, no spears.

Yeenaa are made from the Jeewurarra tree. The/ must ge to

Yabbaroo for wItos, but the/ caa aarry in their own district

too. ihUI aaoles' children eaa*t marx/.

ffaBtimiftg lage 1Q6

Sating amngia eanses baldness.

Jeewa « species of red ochre or stone used in painting figures of

snakes, kailees, impressions of hands and feet.

At Weorgarung, ^ miles tr&m Cus, between Boolardee and Townsend's

there are seme paintings dene in this eoler, the pnlnt dees net

eome off. HgoerSree gee beeaal » good water which the erewa

had hidden.

Beendee /aigoo « ernamented stick, eevered with bleed, worn duringdeolgoo.

i.r<-''.'u "• '•

.' >• \

:'•'•)'• ' •'

f.-. -..rt

.,-• c; ,,•^ f -f. . . •

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£-.T-v'.' . 1.'•r* --

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KV-5.-1. -rr -r;--iv

itjr.-'

It-X", X- •-- •••

. -V • • •

I'...A*-

jhlfft 1Q6 (coat.)

There is a iind of tree called tarrooroo growio^ in the IwaJc

Hill district.

They attract the kangaroo towards the pit by scraping the

wundoomurra and kooadee together, then someone ereeps behind

and kills the kangaroo.

1 mirroodee (bullroarer) is sometimes sounded irtien an encn ig

killed.

KpBdd^*g ItriLtlg^tlpa t^rns i-

yoogarree » nosepiercingJeedagooidoo » tooth knocked out : . "yoogaddeea » circumcision ^ ^meerdil » blood drinkingmannowra « 1st subinclsionmoongo or koorabiddee « going in the darkieedala, kairdangarra a 2ad subincisicnboora dhoolgoo, dhooarree mulgoo, biiyarda - fetching the

boy back, covered with dhoarree next morningyoongoo dalgoo, mardoongoo murda » woman given to

Jilyarda » small magic pointed stick

Mirroodee « bullroarer

Yeemia or eemarree is shown after the boy is made man, some littletime after. It is sawn to and fro across his breast. bloed

is drawn. It is than given him to protect It for a time.

Ornaments « dhoodhee, neck string, ngooleroo « head band, whitenedwith ashes, yoordee yoordee, string greaaed (if this la smeltby an outsider that person will die), kaddoe ngan'dee, arm stringworn by dhooarree mulloo.

St.. 1.'--

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i?age lu7

Eough notes of Gootalan's Story : for Article on Gootalaa*s

Xrfjire Story, see Uewspaper article (Australasian, Bov, 18, I922)

It was at a "babtin aaking ceremony that Gootalan and Joobaitch

first met,

Joobaitch*s wiTes ware ;

Woojeeral, Tondarup, dajjeluk

ielberan " "

tfanauiing, Bidarrolc

Yoolyeenan, Tondarup

(Census of Ceylon, l^ui)

X.

' - r, .-PI:. j-"" V- j."'.; .' "

•Jt^untr- -.vvf;v.7.r:/x .

•:« --vC- v:j• -»• »•-" * " r.-z^

••:••-•

*-1.

.-.xn-!'*.'-

<• x;'_.^V-.. . . . • •• - •• "' .

Hgombarn, marlcing as token of affection. -1 rr

Joobaitch* s brothers and sisters shielded Gootalan. :

Bgorrart « scabs left by measles.

Try and see Yoolyeenan re Gootalan.' X--'- •

Joobytch*s rwBanoes J" -

4u or from Toodyay to Guildford.

iebberan a Tondarup had been betrothed to a York native but she

fell in love with Joobaitch and so the York man had another wife

who threatened to fight ffebberan. He let Joobalteh take her.

S3m died from measles.

The greatest and most precious present to Gootalan was 2/4.

Joobalteh was a strong lithe active man in those days, and no one

was a better spear, slub and Iqriay thrower, nor a better dodger

of these weapons than Jeebaiteh.

Placed after 114.

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Tmsgar, Gootalan called Joobaitch.

Ifsnally in an elopement the men beat the man, the women beating

the women.

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Joo"baitcli was turngup "borungur.

Gootalaa rsmaiaed with her psople in law, and being an actire

willing young woman# with a great affection for Joobaitch, sh«

made herself useful in a thousand ways to his mother's and

father* s peopie. She was qhick to find the roots and flints#

was an adept at skin scraping, etc.

Joobaitch married again, this time to looiyeenan, and his

love song to Yoolyeenan was as follows

hoorna inda maalaree daargan oh^like) wood together grow, kill or settle anyone who interferes

Maalaree bawm bawm maareenggrow (I) strike strike meddlers.

He made no song for Gootalan, Yooiyeenan.being liable to be

.. picked up, Joobaitch*s song challenged meddlers.

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Jldding, Toodjray and Hortham people. o; :

Silver money wae called bwalre (stone). '

Jcobaltcb never made a sjiildld.

joobalteh sang In the long snnmer evenings, tl»whlla he fashioned

the spear and the hallee, at which work he was an adept.

Booroloyn (now Uundarlng), Xoobo and Woombanung (now Vlveash's

fhT»)« Koondele (leylen^s), Jerrban (Les Hurdle Falls), all these

places were visited for the game and roots to be found there.

(Kgoorwell, Joobaltch's own name).

Jpobaltch's other wives were Woo^eeran, Tondarup, and Woweelnan,

whom he was rearing to become his wives, but both died before

reaching puberty.

ielberran, Tondarup, Wunmalng, Didarruk, Yoolyeenan, Tondarup.

Wllberan had not any children.

Wanaaing's children were

Bgeenaban, female, PldarrukKw$411, maleWarrbuk, femaleSgeerhiJL, male

The three former were by a previous husband, Gootqrup, a Hagarnook.

Goo^ynp died, and Wanmaing showing a preference for Joobaltehf

Goooyup'a brothers waived their respective clglms In his favour,

-ge^e in

Gootalan was a Toodyay woman, the wife of Weeban, who took her

on the death of Moolaltoh, a Ballaruk, her first husband.

She iMit Joobalteh at a babbin making eeremoi^ at hortham, where

be iMui. changed his naae^ and fell in love-with hla. when Joo.

baitob and his people started hemewards, Gootalan followed them,

and oMilng up to Joobalteh, they fled over the hills. Weeban

aisd some of Gootalan's brothers follewed them and Weeban fought

with Joobalteh far Gootalan, Unfortunately Joebaitch having

been far seme time in the Mounted Jfolice had Imbibed white notions

and instead ef fighting for the weman who had braved so much for

him, he was persuadad by bar brothers to let Weeban have her again

and Geetalan was emearted baek te Toodyay. She sought the first

©Fpertmnity of again oseaplng and this tiao she fl«d all the

te (haidferd, the hoae ef her lover. She joined Joobaltoh's

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Page 113 (coat«)

camp» but nemesis and liVee'ban were again on her track, and to

avoid bloodshed Joobaltch was again persuaded to allow her to

he taken away. During her sojourn with her lover Gootalan

scarred his hack as a token of her great affection for hia,

and he made a slight cut between her breasts In return. He

also gave her half a crown of white nan's money. helther were

speared.P. 110

A third time &ootalan fled to Gulldford, where to |wr sorrow

she found her lover absent. Joobaltch was then engaged In

tracking the notorious convict, Dominic Grey, who had escaped,

from Fremantle. Before Weeban could start on his third jooritey

after his errant v/ife, he caught measles and died, and Gootalan

remained with his people at the Bwan pending his return.

Joobaltch tracked Grey for weeks and eventually came upom

him amongst the hills of his own terrltoxy. Joobaltch knew

every waterhole, spring and rockhole within the boondarles ef

his own people's country and while Grey was seated in a

cleared space beside a little waterhole, Joobaltch sprang upon

him from behind and had him handcuffed before the man could

reach for his weapons, Singlehanded Grey was brought to Perth

by Joobaltch and re-commltted to prison.

Meantime Gootalan dwelt with his relatives on the Swam,

travelling with them to their various camps and looking everyday fpr t^e oomlng of her lover, between whom and herself »n

barriers were now removed. Alas for her hopes! Just am mewm

reached her that Joobaltch was on his way baek with his white

prisoner^ poor Gootalan eaught measles and died at Shaw's plaoeen the. Swan, and the following week Joobaitoh returned. After

her death her few effects were distributed, the wilgee, hair

string, dogs' tails and other presents idxloh Bhm hmd ooHeotedfor Joobaitoh were found In the little doeskin bag she alwayscarried with her, and amongst the mai^ native tremmores was a

little'whltefelloW pltK^gliimm in which were stuck a fww needlesand pins. The person to Blkom this was given showed It te Jee-baltoh on hla return and Joobaltch gave something In emciuisg^ fsrthe pinomahlca, ndiioh Gootalan had often shewed him, telling hl^

nriiriii '

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Page in (cent.)

it contained tfee halfcrown he gave her when he first met her.

Qootalan had resisted all the man^r temptations a native woman

has towards spending the White money and had Icept it as her

first love token. They often laughed over her tale of Weeban

searching her bag for money and always overlooking the needle

case. Gootalan anist have been an attractive and engaging little

Tondarup, for dxiring all the runaways and ail her sojourn with

her relatives, she was not wounded nor engaged in any luarrels

or disputes with the other wives of Joobaitoh. She fled the

40 or 30 miles that separated her from Joobaitch without a

cfHnpanion.

114

Joobaitch was always liberal with his gifts.

Weeban could have killed Gootalan for running away, but he did not.

Manja boning took place during babbin ceremony.

A writer Mys. that all races of mankind are constituted alike,

and only differ from the standard of culture Which each has

attained. Amongst the least civilised people of the old

Keltic race there are many beliefs^ customs and superstitions

which differ somewhat in degree from those of the darker raoes,

but Which also exlilbit a siijitllarity in many of their fundamentals.

It must not be thought that because the Australian native

has been elassed as the lowest In the scale of humanity he Is

therefore entirely wanting in those attributes that make for

the beginnings of culture. He has the same emotions as his

civilised brethren, lore, ^oy, feg^r, hatred, all cnr affections

and our diverse eharaeteristles are to be found amongst the

aborigines, in a primitive state it is true, but they possess

ail tha affeetiens and jpassions of our own race, (Page lu8)Their metheds of warfare, and ef love making, differ i» a measurefrom ours, but as sffsaM native is as ready with his onJyw^jem as aa early Kelt was with hie club, or an historic kai^twith his spear and ewerd, and a lovesick native will continue toeonauer the difficulties that interrene between him and the yemagWMian of his faney, as adroitly as a white lover.

US

Extracts from Keilly*a "Hfty Years in W.A."

Bishop Sitney (then Esther Gibney), first visit to li.i., July, 1818.

Kl' Also the flying Eoan Incilent.

!• .y . A Pioneering Trip in the *60*3,.•.vr

•••' - • sent to ifY Magazine, 17/3/29.

John Withnell left Ecemantle tahing his young wife andr > .

. -their two sons, 860 sheep and some horses and cuttle. Instead

of being landed at their port (Cossacx) they were tahen on to

Port Hedland and there the vessel became stranded, the live

stock was put ashore and many of their goods washed amgr Isgr

. the tide. When the vessel was re-floated, they re-eBhaz9t»&r, "

and reached Cossack with 86O sheep, one horse, one oow, very-J-' '

' little clothing, and no boots but those they stood in, and no

: ' : chance of getting any more for many months. It needed stout2.-

.;;v hearts to face that bush then, and theirs were stout hearts."v'-\" - r."^,4 Difficulties thronged from the beginning. A rude shelter.-r;.. -•

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was constructed on Welcome Hill at Boebourne (9 miles from

L. Cossack), and shortly after its erection a little son (the

.1 third) was born. By this time all were shoeless. Bread.

rice and sugarless tea was the regular diet. The luckiest

incident of this period was the breaking of a leg of Mr. fll-

liams's bull at Andover, This gave the luxury of beef for

a while, also the hide for protecting their feet, out of this

and some deal boxes, sandals and clogs were made ami im these

Mr. Withnell, his wife and her brother, Mr. Hanoook, startedj

on an exploring trip eastward, to find pasturage and a hirma

for the future.

Mts. Withnell was tha onavigator" armed with a compass and

Gregoiy*s Journal (Gregory the explorer ms a eonneotion of

the family). They had no horses, so all set out on foot, thm

men eh^rrying guns, awanitiom and ratioas, Mks. Withnell, tlMm

22 years old, with a revolver in her belt, the o«epMWi amd

Journal im a ba^ earried over her shoulder and her baby aam

in her aras.

• •'A:n. ,r. Page \ 13 (oont,)c

For 14 days they traTellei ia their wooden clogs, under a

hurnlng sun, with weaiy hodies and bleeding feet, not knowing

at what BOBent they might he attacked hy the e^er watching

blacks who followed then from place to place. After a time

the men parted, diTiding their Journey in search of good country.

John Withnall and his wife traversed the country of the Sherlock

Fiver (named by Gregoiy) and it was here that one of those trials

were experienced which fortunately not many pioneers have had

to endure, when a lifetime seems lived in a few moments.

Starting early from a camp where a number of natives had

gathered, the husband and wife travelled down the Sherlock and

reached a fine pool ivith waterfowl abundant. The husband said,

"Eest here in the shade While I go out and try for some ducks."

"What am I to do if the natives come?" the wife said.

He replied, "Give a shout, I will not be faraway,"

Off he went. The baby was laid down to sleep in the

shade. Time went on. Ho gun was fired. The lonely woman

grew more and more anxious, eaoh minute seamed an hour.

At last the gun was fired. Which brought baok confidence,

but then another shot was fired and a shout was heard. This

brought despair, for on looking round, there lay the ammunitionl

•He ham oialy tJote two charges. He has been attacked by the natives.

USaat shall 1 de? If i tjgr to carry my child, the revolver and

sMBunition, I may be too late. If I leave my child the natives

•ay come and kill him.* With a wisdcss born of desperation,

the Child was left, «ho but a mother can faintly realise the

agony of that partiiigl As the mother turned to leave him, the

baby threw up its little hands as sleeping infants do. In a

little while the parents stood beside their still sleeping ohild,

thankful that their bleeding feet were their worst suffering.

They suffered losses intnuieruble by drou^t and flood and

fires, by native depredations and thieving. Yet they won out.

Three times they were flooded out, and their home and goods (P.ill)

awept away by the floods of the strange country they had chosen.

Hurriedly at these times, flour and tea and sugar and a few ^oeds

would be snatched and take n to still higher ground, ndaere even.

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tually the Sherlock Homestead was built. Kangaroo meat and

damper and sugarless tea often followed these floodings.

There were no marks to tell them the height the floods reached*

Only their experience could do this* But they won out, entirely

off their own bat, and. their children and children's children

are still pioneering new country, as ready today to "rough it*

as their father and mother did in the 60* s. Explorers or trsrr-

ellers or sundowners who visited Sherlock were given ready wel

come and hospitality by the second and third generation of those

two fins sturdy pioneers* I visited Sherlock in l^Ou -tho

daughter, the second child born in the Sor'West; and her five

young children gave me welcome. The children grew up in time

to ioin the ranks of the luouuu gentlemen of those that served

the King in the Great War, Their sons started out to pioneer

but under better conditions, yet filled with the courage aud

fortitude of their parents, and all made good. They held thW

regard and respect of the late John Forrest, until his death,

his respect because of their Stirling character and dogged

courage. Their son James was the first to pioic up gold bear

ing stone in the Sherlock area, Jim was aiming the rook at a

lamb-eating crow, and the sun glinting on the stone, the crow's

life was saved, for JTim took the atone heme to his father.

John Wlthnell hurried in to Eoebourne, a Journey of

miles and rushing to the Telegraph Office, wired his friend

Jack Forrest (then Premier of the new State ©f W^A.) the ex

citing news that"Ji«By picked up stone to throw at a erow,"

And John Forrest's first and only ministerial joke was wired

hack "And what happened to the oro«?" hut the opening of taa

Pilbara Goldfielda followed Jimay's find am the stone la mm

probably in the Perth Muaeim, or in the keeping of Perth,

Historical Society. The natives of the Sherlock country

settled down happily with the first WithBell family, and en

my visit in i^uo, I aaw the second genesration ©f these livingin eeafert and happiness on their old ground, looked after ^the soeottd generatlen of Withnells as their fathers and aothar®

had been by John and Fmily Withnell in the 7u's,

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From J.T, Eeilly*s Book

IfiS gHCIPG JPAM ^

Three natives who v;ere under arrest of two policemen

and another white man were camped at night near their oaptors*

In the night a numher of natives from the hush, who had doubt

less followed up the part/, rushed in and murdered the whole

party. The murderers were well hnown to the settlers as they

were camped in the sni^hourhood. The hlaclcs, excited with

their first taste of white man*s hlood, sent in a message to

the little settlement that they intended to hill the rest of

the white fellows in the same way. The R.M, saw that the

matter was serious and sent out the few police he had and

swore in some special constables among the settlers to puniSh

the murderers tnd teach them they could not kill Europeans

with impunity. The settlers who had "been sworn in were as

Justified in obeying orders as the police or as soldiers.

The murderers were shot and a lesson taught to the natives la

the only way understood by them. Kever afterwards in that

district was there any farther trouble, with the natives.

They became henceforth good servants on the most friendly termswith the settlers and soon gave up their bush life for the good andregular food of the white nan,

Richardson.

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Sent to My Magazine

In 1S73 the Austrian ship ...fano was wreoked ahout eig^t

miles south of Point Gloates. The Captain, officers and crew

numbered 18, but only ten of their noaber reached the shore.

Cast upon an inhospitable coast, with very little to sustain

them, the survivors resolved to make an attempt to reach either

Geraldton or Perth. They made the attempt but had to return

to their wraok as their sufferings from want of water had be

come unendurable.

They resolved that they would remain near the wreck and

that if they were not renoued by seme passing vessel they would

die together. Food became less and less and in a month or se

began to give out. On Christmas Day, 1875, the first member

of the little party of ten died. The others lingered on, but

one by one they died until only two of the sailors rotaained.

The natives \vho were in the vicinity from the first days of

the wreck, watched the sailers, but as the sailors either did

not see them, or made no attempt through fear to gain their

help, the natives kept at the same distance from the little

party during the whole of the time, Ihen however they saw

that the white men were dying, they approached the place and

found ail dead except two, 'ftho were in a most emaeiated condi

tion, being unable to stand or walk. The natives brought them

food and water, and decided amongst thraselves to convey the

two men to a point on the coast, iftiere thsy knew coasting boats

occasionally called in for water, or te leave supplies fer some

pioneer white man. These natives had already come in contact

with some of the fine Mer^dest pioneers ef those days and s#

had learned something of the tn^ita man.

They got their wwsem to carry the lighter of the two moa,

the men carrying the bigger sailor. The distance to be oeverei

was eighty miles. Both men and women were naked and they

carried the white men as they SMEetimes earry their own sioJc

or disabled, on their shoulders or round their hips. Bay tg

ddy under a fierce sum and over a rou^ native traek, tiug

Page 121 (coat.)

struggled with their hTirdeu, Here and there they rested and

caught fish and hirds and animal food which they gave first

heljping to the sailors, lighting a fire for them so that they

could cook the food in their own way. After a v/eek or so

of this travelling they reached the HorMVest Ca^e. Here

providentially a coaster was found and the men taken on hoard

and suhseijuently conveyed to S^emantle and thence to their owa

country. The names of these two survivors were Micali Baccihe,

18, from Bagusa, and Giovanni Gumioh, aged 27, from San Biooto

in Austria. Needless to say, these men were deeply grateful to

the natives who had treated them so kindly and saved them from

a lingeringdeath hy starvation.

As soon as the details had reached Perth, a d^antity offlour, tea and sugar and tohacco was despatched hy the next

coaster to the little group of natives who had treated the

suffering sailors so kindly and had done such a great servles

to humaeoity^,

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