3 transcripts of new century mortgage bankruptcy hearings from may 2007

8/2/2019 3 Transcripts of New Century Mortgage Bankruptcy Hearings from May 2007

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[BIXKH ^XAXK^ LABO\[ZXNY NE[\X

HI^X\INX EM HKCAWA\K

"IB \K4 " Nfazxk| 11

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X\AB^N\IZX EM XKCKZFEBK NEBMK\KBNKLKME\K XFK FEBE\ALCK OK]IB D" NA\KY

[BIXKH ^XAXK^ LABO\[ZXNY D[HGK

AZZKA\ABNK^4

Me| Xfk Hklxe|&~)4 ^{ttabbk ^" [fcabh# K~q"E'@kc}kby - @yk|~# CCZ


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Me| [L^4 Okixf W" @icck|# K~q"Za{c Fa~xibg~Za|o A}k" Xewk|7; K" ;;xf ^x1~x Mc"Bkw Ye|o# BY 1::


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>

Me| Libgfa` @nN{xnfkb# CCZ4 X|anky L" Za~xab# K~q"Libgfa` @nN{xnfkb# CCZ>99 Za|o A}k"

Bkw Ye|o# BY 1::; W" Wanok| H|i}kNfinage# IC =:=:1

Me| @e|gab ^xabcky @e|xgagk4 Habikc L{xt# K~q"@e||i~ Binfec~ A|~fx- X{bbkcc# CCZNfa~k @abfaxxab Nkbx|k1


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1 k}kbibg# I lkcik}k ix wa~ eb Az|ic xfk ne`zkb~axieb zcab~ xfax wk|k xfk ~{ldknx em xfk Ibnkbxi}k

8 \kxkbxieb @exieb# abh wk wk|k gi}kb a kvxkb~ieb em xfk

; eldknxieb hkahcibk# m|e` xfk Hklxe|~ ~xabhzeibx# xe |k}ikw abh

= eldknx xe xfe~k zcab~ zkbhibg xfki| micibg" Xfk |k~x|{nx{|k

7 zcab~ wk|k mickh eb @ay 1~x# abh xfky |kmcknxkh a mai|cy

6 ~{l~xabxiac |k~x|{nx{|ibg em xfk z|eze~kh Ibnkbxi}k \kxkbxieb

9 Zcab~" ê`k zkezck wk|k ~fimxkh m|e` ebk zcab xe xfk exfk|"

1: Nk|xaib zk|~eb~ wk|k ahhkh xe xfk zcab~"

11 Ye{| Febe|# wixf |k~zknx xe xfk |kq{k~x xfax wk}k àhk#

1< wk lkcik}k xfax ib cigfx em e{| |k}ikw em xfk zcab a~

1> |k~x|{nx{|kh xfax ix we{ch lk mixxibg me| xfk |kcikm xfax~

18 |kq{k~xkh ib xfk èxieb xe lk xalckh zkbhibg xfk neb~ihk|axieb

1; em xfk X|{~xkk Kvaìbk| @exieb"

1= XFK NE[\X4 Abh xfax~ ~nfkh{ckh me| fka|ibg eb @ay

17 1;xf ax 14>:5

16 @\" @N@AFEB4 Xfax i~ ne||knx" ^{nf xfax xfk fka|ibg

19 eb xfk X|{~xkk Kvaìbk| ne{ch ge me|wa|h# abh Ye{| Febe|# xfk


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1 enn{||kh z|kzkxixieb" Abh ac~e# ix nebxk`zcaxk~ zexkbxiaccy a

< l|eahk| men{~ me| xfk kvaìbaxieb"

> Ye{| Febe|# nk|xaibcy ebk em xfk xfibg~ xfax wk lkcik}k

8 xfax kixfk| a Nfazxk| 11 X|{~xkk e| ab Kvaìbk| wicc lk heibg

; e| ~fe{ch lk heibg# im abh wfkb azzeibxkh# i~ xe |k}ikw xfk

= bknk~~ixy abh xfk z|ez|ikxy em awa|hibg xfk leb{~k~ xfax fa}k

7 lkkb |kq{k~xkh# nk|xaibcy ceeoibg ax xfk lkbnfà|o~ me| zay`kbx

6 em wfax xfk leb{~k~ xfax fa}k lkkb z|eze~kh abh exfk| i~~{k~

9 ~zknimin xe xfk zcab~" Abh ib cigfx em abh exfk| axxkbhabx

1: i~~{k~" Abh# Ye{| Febe|# wk lkcik}k xfax xfax |k}ikw i~

11 kbxi|kcy azz|ez|iaxk# gi}kb xfk k~zkniaccy ib xfk na~k em a

1< Nfazxk| 11 X|{~xkk we{ch fa}k nebx|ec em xfk ezk|axieb~ em xfk

1> Hklxe|~" Abh ix we{ch lk ab azz|ez|iaxk |eck me| ab Kvaìbk|

18 xe zcay ib cigfx em xfk acckgaxieb~ xfax fa}k lkkb |ai~kh wixf

1; |k~zknx xe xfk z|kzkxixieb anne{bxibg abh mibabniac ~xaxk`kbx

1= i||kg{ca|ixik~"

17 Ye{| Febe|# xfk|k fa}k lkkb ~e`k exfk| hk}kcez`kbx~ ib xfk

16 na~k wfinf nk|xaibcy manxe| ibxe xfk ["^" X|{~xkk~ nebnk|b~

19 wixf |k~zknx xe xfk zcab~ abh xfk xiìbg em xfi~ Ne{|x~


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1 zkxixieb haxk# abh ib cigfx em xfk lexf xfk z|kzkxixieb

< i||kg{ca|ixik~ abh xfk nebxib{ibg |kh{nxieb~ ib me|nk wfinf xfk

> Hklxe|~ a|k i`zck`kbxibg# wk lkcik}k xfax xfk# ye{ obew# xfk

8 ibxkg|ixy em xfk z|enk~~ abh xfk ~y~xk` ax xfi~ zeibx hkàbh~

; xfax xfk~k leb{~ zcab~ ciok xfk ebk~ xfax a|k z|eze~kh gkx xfk

= |k}ikw em ab ibhkzkbhkbx mih{nia|y e| ab ibhkzkbhkbx kvaìbk|#

7 xe xfk kvxkbx xfax xfi~ Ne{|x i~ ibncibkh xe g|abx xfax |kcikm

6 eb xfk 1;xf

9 XFK NE[\X4 Xfabo ye{" Hek~ abyebk kc~k na|k xe lk

1: fka|h5

11 @^" [FCABH4 Yk~# xfi~ i~ {ttabbk [fcabh m|e`

1< E@kc}kby - @yk|~ me| xfk ne`zaby# me| Bkw Nkbx{|y" Wkcc# ye{

1> obew# d{~x me| àby em xfk |ka~eb~ xfax wk|k d{~x e| xfk

18 manx~ abh ni|n{`~xabnk~ xfax fa}k d{~x lkkb kvzcaibkh ly xfk

1; ["^" X|{~xkk# xfax i~# ye{ obew# xfk }k|y |ka~eb wk nabbex

1= amme|h xe hkcay xfi~ axxk|"

17 Mi|~x# Ye{| Febe|# xfk# ye{ obew# xfk e|igibac zcab fah

16 lkkb ye{ obew# xfk nebnkzx~ em xfk zcab wa~ ~kx eb |kg{ca|

19 bexink ly xfk xi`k wk ~kx ix me| fka|ibg eb xfk 7xf# abh xfk


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1 xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ~nezk em ;:>"

< Wfax wk mickh# ix hih xaok a hkcilk|axk z|enk~~# abh wfkb

> wk wk|k ~xicc kbgagkh wixf N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk ib xfk~k

8 hi~n{~~ieb~# l{x hkxk|ìbkh eb @ebhay e| eb X{k~hay xe mick xfk

; zcab~ xfax wk fah xe xfk kvxkbx xfax wk fah |k~x|{nx{|kh xfk`"

= Abh xfkb m{|xfk|# ~ibnk X{k~hay# wk}k nebxib{kh xe we|o wixf

7 N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk xe àok m{|xfk| knebeìn ~kcknxkh

6 knebeìn |kh{nxieb~ ib xfk zcab# abh anx{accy m{|xfk|

9 |k~zebhibg xe ~e`k em xfk i~~{k~ |ai~kh ly xfk X|{~xkk" ê

1: xfax wk a|k bew ax a zeibx# a~ em xfi~ è|bibg# wk fa}k |kanfkh

11 ag|kk`kbx wixf xfk Ne`ìxxkk eb xfk xk|`~ ib anne|habnk wixf

1< xfk ~x|{nx{|k ~kx e{x ib xfk a`kbh`kbx# agaib wixf ~e`k nfabgk~

1> m{|xfk| |kh{nibg xfk knebeìn~ wixf lkbkmix em xfk k~xaxk"

18 Xfk z|enk~~ xfax~ ckah xe xfi~ zeibx fa~ lkkb# ye{ obew#

1; a fkacxfy hiaceg abh hklaxk# wixf xfk Ne`ìxxkk z|k~~ibg xfk

1= Hklxe| eb xfk l{~ibk~~ bkkh me| xfk~k zcab~" L{x è|k

17 i`ze|xabxcy# xfk~k zcab~# ciok acc xfk~k |kxkbxieb zcab~# ce~k

16 xfki| kmmknxi}kbk~~ k}k|y hay xfax xfky|k bex azz|e}kh" Xfk

19 à~~i}k hewb~itibg hih enn{|# e| i~ enn{||ibg" Ye{ obew#


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1 obew# im xfk z|eze~ac i~ xe a~o xfk~k ibhi}ih{ac~ xe waix

< a|e{bh# bex ebcy 'xic xfk 1;xf# l{x {bxic a X|{~xkk i~

> azzeibxkh# we{ch fa}k ab ezze|x{bixy xe ge lano abh |k}ikw xfk

8 k~~kbxiaccy# ye{ obew# wfax xfk Ackv Za|xbk|~ z|emk~~iebac~

; fa}k ac|kahy |k}ikwkh ib l{~ibk~~ d{hg`kbx# wfax xfk N|khixe|~

= Ne`ìxxkk fa~ ac|kahy |k}ikwkh a~ xfk l{~ibk~~ d{hg`kbx# ye{

7 obew# xfax i~ ib kmmknx hkbyibg xfk zcab~ abh x|{cy

6 dkeza|hitibg xfi~ z|enk~~ lkna{~k xfax bew n|kaxk~# ye{ obew#

9 ~{nf ab {bnk|xaib m{x{|k me| xfk~k ibhi}ih{ac~ wfe wk}k lkkb

1: alck xe |kxaib è~x em xfk` xe haxk" Wk|k bex |kxaibibg

11 k}k|ylehy k}kb xfax wk}k ac|kahy z|eì~kh ab ibnkbxi}k abh

1< |kxkbxieb zay`kbx xe d{~x lkna{~k em xfk himmin{cxy em xfi~

1> na~k" L{x xfax we{ch lk a }k|y bkgaxi}k ye{ obew# fa}k a

18 }k|y bkgaxi}k i`zanx eb xfk geac~ em xfk Hklxe| abh xfk

1; Ne`ìxxkk abh xfk ye{ obew# xe |kanf xe àviìtk xfk

1= }ac{k~ abh |kxaib xfk~k k`zceykk~ xe he ~e"

17 XFK NE[\X4 Xfabo ye{" Hek~ abyebk kc~k na|k xe lk

16 fka|h5

19 @\" IBHKCINAXE4 Yk~# Ye{| Febe|" Xfi~ i~ @a|o


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1 Xfi~ wa~ a èxieb# Ye{| Febe|# xfax wa~ mickh ib wfinf

< xfky ~e{gfx zay`kbx~ ib kvnk~~ em (7 ìccieb xe a }a|ikxy em

> xfki| k`zceykk~" Xfk Ne`ìxxkk ibixiaccy xech xfk Hklxe|~ xfax

8 xfky fah ~igbiminabx z|elck`~ wixf xfax" Wk}k we|okh wixf

; xfk` abh gexxkb ix xe xfk zeibx wfk|k xfky}k mickh ab a`kbhkh

= ebk# wfinf wa~ ~xicc# ib xfk Ne`ìxxkk~ ìbh# xee |inf" Wk

7 wkbx lano wixf xfk` abh wk bkgexiaxkh m{|xfk|# abh wk}k gex

6 ~igbiminabx ahhixiebac |kh{nxieb~# wfinf wk nab ge xf|e{gf wixf

9 xfk Ne{|x eb @ebhay ax xfk azz|ez|iaxk fka|ibg"

1: Xe ckah xfi~ Ne{|x xe lkcik}k xfax xfk|k~ be ibhkzkbhkbx

11 mih{nia|y wfe~ waxnfibg e}k| xfi~ k~xaxk me| xfk lkbkmix em

1< N|khixe|~# I webx ~ay I xaok emmkb~k xe ix# l{x I lkcik}k ix~

1> a ì~be`k|" Xfk Ne`ìxxkk fa~ lkkb anxi}kcy ib}ec}kh ib k}k|y

18 ~xkz em xfi~ na~k abh fa~ ncka|cy lkkb waxnfibg e{x me| xfk

1; lkbkmix em N|khixe|~# abh xfky a|k mih{nia|ik~ abh xfky fa}k

1= lkkb anxibg |k~zeb~ilcy"

17 Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ["^" X|{~xkk~ èxieb# Ye{| Febe|# ebk

16 em xfk xfibg~ xfax fa~ nebnk|bkh xfk N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk i~ xfk

19 manx xfax# a~ Hklxe|~ ne{b~kc ~xaxkh# k}k|y hay xfax wk waix


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1 xe lk fka|h"

18 ACC4 &Be }k|lac |k~zeb~k)"

1; XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx# ge afkah"

1= @\" @N@AFEB4 Ye{| Febe|# l|ikmcy" Mi|~x# ebk em xfk

17 a|g{`kbx~ ~aih ly lexf xfk Hklxe|~ abh xfk Ne``ixxkk i~ xfk

16 bkgaxi}k i`zanx xfax ix wicc fa}k eb xfk Hklxe|~ k`zceykk~"

19 Wkcc# xfk|k a|k xf|kk oky ~ack~ xfax a|k fa}k lkkb xfk


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1 a|k bew kmmknxi}kcy ly xfk way~ihk# `kabibg xfax xfe~k ~ack~

< fa}k nebnc{hkh" Xfk|k we{ch lk al~ec{xkcy be z|kd{hink ib

> z{~fibg xfk fka|ibg eb xfi~ èxieb emm zkbhibg a fka|ibg eb xfk

8 X|{~xkk Kvaìbk| @exieb wixf |k~zknx xe xfk k`zceykk~ ib}ec}kh

; ib a~~i~xibg ib xfax ~ack"

= Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ~k|}inibg# Ye{| Febe|# xfk z|eì~k em

7 xfe~k k`zceykk~ fa}ibg a del wfkb xfi~ z|enk~~ i~ gebk i~ xfk

6 i`ze|xabx neb~ihk|axieb fk|k lkna{~k xfky a|k kmmknxi}kcy

9 àoibg a hkni~ieb wfkxfk| xe ~xay e| ge la~kh {zeb xfax abh bex

1: la~kh {zeb wfkxfk| e| bex xfky|k gkxxibg a leb{~" Xfk kmmknx

11 em xfk |kcikm xfax xfk ["^" X|{~xkk i~ |kq{k~xibg we{ch fa}k be

1< ck~~ a hkxk||kbx e|# ~ay# a bkgaxi}k kmmknx {zeb xfk k`zceykk~

1> xfab geeh maixf bkgexiaxieb~ lkxwkkb xfk Ne`ìxxkk abh xfk

18 Hklxe|~ e}k| xfk |kcikm xfax~ lkkb |kq{k~xkh" Im xfk zcab~

1; ~xa|xkh ax V abh fa}k kmmknxi}kcy lkkb |kh{nkh ~igbiminabxcy#

1= `kabibg xfk ne`zkb~axieb z|eze~kh {bhk| ix# xfkb nk|xaibcy

17 wfaxk}k| kvzknxaxieb~ xfax nk|xaib k`zceykk~ fah wixf |k~zknx

16 xe xfk zcab a~ wa~ ibixiaccy mickh fa}k ac|kahy lkkb

19 m|{~x|axkh" Abh I` bex ~ayibg xfax xfax bknk~~a|icy# Ye{|


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1 xfk Ne`ìxxkk~ fa}ibg wixf xfk Hklxe|~ we{ch fa}k eb xfk

< z|enk~~"

> Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ibhkzkbhkbnk em xfk ne|ze|axk

8 neb~{cxabx abh Ackv Za|xbk|~# xfk ibhkzkbhkbx ne`zkb~axieb

; neb~{cxabx ab~wk|~ xe xfk Lea|h" Ib manx# ix~ lkkb |kxaibkh

= xe z|e}ihk neb~{cxibg ~k|}ink~ xe xfk Lea|h# abh Ackv Za|xbk|~

7 i~ xfk |kxkbxieb i~ z|eze~kh# xfk >=> |kxkbxieb# wfk|k ab

6 Ackv Za|xbk|~ zk|~eb we{ch lk ~k|}ibg a~ ab emmink| wixf

9 nk|xaib ~{zze|x ~xamm" Xfky a|k bex ibhkzkbhkbx ib xfk ~kb~k

1: xfax xfky he bex {cxiàxkcy ab~wk| e| neb~{cx wixf xfk Hklxe|~

11 ibZe~~k~~ieb"

1< Abh Ye{| Febe|# wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ibhkzkbhkbx mih{nia|y

1> a|g{`kbx# e{| zeibx wa~ bex xe ~{ggk~x xfax xfk Ne`ìxxkk hek~

18 bex fa}k a |eck xe zcay ib xfk z|enk~~ e| xfax xfk Ne`ìxxkk i~

1; bex ibhkzkbhkbx nk|xaibcy" L{x xfk n|ixinac xfibg xe |k`k`lk|

1= i~ xfax xfk Hklxe|~ a|k xfk kbxixik~ xfax a|k neìbg me|wa|h

17 wixf xfk |kq{k~x me| |kcikm" Xfky|k xfk ebk~ xfax a|k ~kkoibg

16 xe zay xfk leb{~k~" Xfi~ èxieb wa~ bex z|eze~kh ly xfk

19 Ne`ìxxkk# abh xfk i~~{k i~ wk|k xacoibg ale{x |k}ikw em ab


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1=

1 Kvaìbk| @exieb"

< XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" @|" @n@afeb# wfax I` geibg xe

> he i~ ~nfkh{ck xfk fka|ibg# xfk ["^" X|{~xkk~ @exieb

8 fka|ibg eb xfk ["^" X|{~xkk~ @exieb xe Nebxib{k xfk Fka|ibg eb

; xfk Hklxe|~ èxieb abh ~nfkh{ck ix me| fka|ibg eb @ebhay" Abh

= fk|k~ wfax I kb}i~ieb" Lexf ~ihk~# I xfibo# àok a|g{`kbx~

7 xfax fa}k `k|ix" ê ckx `k ~kk wfax |kne|h i~ hk}kcezkh ib

6 ~{zze|x em xfk Hklxe|~ èxieb eb @ebhay" Ckx `k ~kk wfax

9 ezze|x{bixy xfk ["^" X|{~xkk kixfk| fa~ e| fa~bx fah xe |k}ikw

1: xfk caxk~x ixk|axieb em xfax xe wfinf xfk Ne`ìxxkk abh xfk

11 Hklxe| abh zk|faz~ exfk|~ fa}k ag|kkh abh xfkb àok a hkni~ieb

1< ale{x wfkxfk| xe neb~ihk| g|abxibg ~{l~xabxi}k |kcikm e|

1> wfkxfk| ix ~fe{ch lk hkcaykh m{|xfk|"

18 Ceeo# xfk na~k na`k ib wixf wa|x~ xfax wk}k xacokh ale{x

1; lkme|k# ~e I xfibo xfk ["^" X|{~xkk i~ |igfx xe ~ay# ,Waix a

1= ìb{xk# ye{ obew# xfk~k xfibg~ bkkh xe lk ceeokh ax", Eb xfk

17 exfk| fabh# I ag|kk wixf xfk Ne`ìxxkk abh xfk Hklxe| xfax xfk

16 è~x i``khiaxk nebnk|b i~ xfax ib a l{~ibk~~ xfax i~ abh fa~

19 m|e` xfk lkgibbibg ~aih ix ibxkbh~ xe ciq{ihaxk# àoibg ~{|k


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1 ê I` geibg xe ~igb xfk e|hk| ~nfkh{cibg xfk ["^" X|{~xkk~

< @exieb xe Nebxib{k xfk Fka|ibg me| @ebhay ax 1: e'nceno" A|k

> xfk|k aby q{k~xieb~5

8 @^" [FCABH4 Be# Ye{| Febe|" Xfabo ye{"

; XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Ckx~ x{|b xe xfk ~knebh

= àxxk|# abh xfax i~ [L^ @exieb me| Kvxkb~ieb em Xi`k xe Mick

7 ^{zzck`kbxac @kè|abh{`# kx nkxk|a" Icc fka| m|e` [L^"

6 @\" @ICCK\4 Ye{| Febe|# xfi~ i~ Okixf @icck| m|e`

9 Za{c Fa~xibg~" Wixf `k i~ \infa|h Nfk~cky" Ye{| Febe|# wk

1: ly way em lanog|e{bh# eb @ay ;xf [L^ mickh a ne`zcaibx abh a

11 @exieb ^kkoibg a Xk`ze|a|y \k~x|aibibg E|hk|" Z|ie| xe xfk

1< fka|ibg eb Az|ic 1 acebg wixf [L^# kbxk|kh ibxe ab ag|kk`kbx xe ahde{|b xfk X\E

18 @exieb ax xfax xi`k" Ax xfk Az|ic 1


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1 Wk hih |knki}k xwe |knebniciaxieb~ m|e` xfk Hklxe|~? ebk

< wfax wk ncai` xe lk ze~xzkxixieb# ebk i~ z|kzkxixieb" Xfk

> way wk ceeo ax ix i~ xfk z|kzkxixieb we{ch lk xfk @a|nf

8 |knebniciaxieb" Xfk ze~xzkxixieb i~ xfk |knebniciaxieb

; lkxwkkb Az|ic 1~x abh Az|ic 1 ~zkao xe xfk Hklxe| abh x|ikh xe gkx a lkxxk| {bhk|~xabhibg em

18 wfy xfk~k ceab~ wk|k bex eb a |knebniciaxieb" [bme|x{baxkcy#

1; lkna{~k I xfibo em a b{`lk| em ~nfkh{cibg z|elck`~# wk wk|k bex

1= alck xe fa}k xfax neb}k|~axieb {bxic yk~xk|hay amxk|beeb"

17 H{|ibg yk~xk|hay caxk amxk|beeb# wk fka|h me| xfk mi|~x

16 xi`k xfax xfk |ka~eb xfk ceab~ wk|k bex eb xfk |knebniciaxieb

19 i~ lkna{~k I xfibo xfk ze~ixieb xfk Hklxe|~ a|k bew xaoibg me|


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1 z|e}ihkh me| ib xfk \kz{|nfa~k Ag|kk`kbx abh xfk exfk|

< hen{`kbx~"

> ^e {bme|x{baxkcy# wk mkcx xfax xfk|k wa~ a bkkh xe kvzcaib

8 xfk ~ix{axieb abh kvzcaib wfax fa~ lkkb fazzkbibg" Abh

; xfk|kme|k# wk mickh xfk~k zazk|~ yk~xk|hay me| Ye{| Febe|~

= neb~ihk|axieb"

7 XFK NE[\X4 Ckx k fka| m|e` xfk Hklxe|"

6 @\" X\[IXX4 Yk~# Ye{| Febe|# xfi~ i~ L|kbx X|{ixx em

9 Fkbbigab# Lkbbkxx - He|`ab me| xfk Hklxe| Hkmkbhabx~" Mi|~x em

1: acc# xfk~k ~{zzck`kbxac micibg~ na`k a~ a ne`zckxk ~{|z|i~k xe

11 {~ ca~x bigfx" Xfk|k wa~ be kmme|x xe hi~n{~~ xfk` wixf {~#

1< wfinf i~ nebxk`zcaxkh ly Cenac Hi~x|inx \{ck 7"1"1"# k}kb

1> xfe{gf wk wk|k ib hi~n{~~ieb~ wixf [L^ yk~xk|hay amxk|beeb"

18 Wfax xfky mickh wa~


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Ix~ kbxi|kcy bkw àxk|iac xfax wk|k ~kkibg me| xfk mi|~x

8 xi`k"

; Fewk}k|# k}kb im ix wk|k a |kzcy# ix we{ch lk {bxi`kcy

= {bhk| Cenac \{ck 7:71# wfinf wk lkcik}k hek~ azzcy" Wk a|k ib

7 ab ah}k|~a|y z|enkkhibg nebxkvx" Abh xfki| e|hk| ~nfkh{cibg

6 xfk kvzkhixkh e|hk| ~nfkh{cibg a fka|ibg eb xfk X\E# wfinf wa~

9 eb neb~kbx# hih bex nebxk`zcaxk a |kzcy" Xfky mickh a Bexink

1: em Ne`zckxieb em L|ikmibg wfinf hih bex ibnc{hk aby |kzcy e|

11 aby `kbxieb xfax ebk wa~ me|xfneìbg"

1< ê Ye{| Febe|# wfax wk a~o me| i~ a ~fe|x ahde{|b`kbx em

1> @ebhay~ fka|ibg ~e xfax wk lk gi}kb ab ezze|x{bixy xe |k~zebh

18 xe xfk ~{zzck`kbxac zazk|~ ib w|ixibg# bex d{~x me| {~# l{x me|

1; xfk Ne{|x xe fa}k xi`k xe |k}ikw xfki| zazk|~# a~ wkcc a~ aby

1= |k~zeb~k wk ìgfx ~{lìx" Al~kbx xfax# ab ahde{|b`kbx# wk

17 we{ch eldknx xe xfk micibg em xfk {bxi`kcy zazk|~ abh a~o xfax

16 xfky lk ~x|inokb m|e` xfk |kne|h"

19 XFK NE[\X4 Wkcc# ckx k a~o xfi~ em xfk Hklxe|"


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22/293

hi~n{~~ieb# xfax i~ a bkw |kq{k~x em xfk Ne{|x# wfinf i~ bex

18 z|ezk|cy lkme|k xfk Ne{|x# be| fa}k wk fah xi`k xe ahkq{axkcy

1; |k~zebh xe xfax" ê xfax~ bex a zkbhibg èxieb lkme|k xfk

1= Ne{|x# Ye{| Febe|" \igfx bew xfk ebcy xfibg lkme|k xfk Ne{|x

17 i~ xfki| |kq{k~x xe mick caxk ~e`k zazk|~ me| a fka|ibg xfax~

16 ~nfkh{ckh xe xaok zcank eb @ebhay è|bibg"

19 XFK NE[\X4 Wkcc# wfinf I a` ibncibkh xe g|abx" L{x


23/293

1 ix~ a mai| nebnk|b" ê k}kb im [L^ fah bex |ai~kh ix# xfk

< Ne{|x we{ch fa}k" ê# I `kab# xfk|k~ xfk nfeink" I g{k~~

> Icc cka}k ix xe xfk Hklxe|" I `kab# ebk way xe azz|eanf ix i~

8 me| `k xe g|abx xfk |kcikm abh xfax im xfk Hklxe| wabx~ è|k

; xi`k xe neb~ihk| xfk bkw ibme|àxieb# ix bkkh~ xe neb}ibnk `k

= xfax [L^ wicc bex lk fa|`kh ly xfk hkcay" Bew# wfkxfk| xfax

7 `kab~ k~n|ewibg m{bh~ e| ~e`kxfibg kc~k# I webx ~ay" ê

6 fk|k~ wfax I` geibg xe he" Icc z{x xfk I a` geibg xe

9 g|abx xfk |kcikm xfax~ lkkb |kq{k~xkh# l{x ax @ebhay~

1: fka|ibg# im xfk Hklxe| z|e}ihk~# ax cka~x xe xfk Ne{|x~

11 ~axi~manxieb e| ab a||abgk`kbx wixf wfinf [L^ exfk|wi~k ag|kk~#

1< xfax ix webx ~{mmk| z|kd{hink a~ a |k~{cx em a hkcay# Icc z{x

1> xfk fka|ibg e}k| xe xfk 1;xf e| ~e`k m{x{|k haxk im xfk za|xik~

18 ag|kk"

1; ê fk|k~ wfax I` geibg xe he" Eoay# Icc ~igb xfk e|hk|

1= ~kxxibg g|abxibg xfk |kcikm xfax [L^ fa~ |kq{k~xkh wixf

17 |k~zknx xe micibg xfk ~{zzck`kbxac `kè|abh{`# l{x {bhk|~xabh

16 ix~ wixfe{x z|kd{hink xe xfk Hklxe| xe z|k~~ ix~ |kq{k~x xfax

19 xfk fka|ibg lk m{|xfk| ze~xzebkh lkna{~k em xfk micibg em xfk


24/293

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Ne{b~kc# xfabo ye{ acc me|

8 àoibg ye{|~kc}k~ a}aicalck eb ~{nf ~fe|x bexink" I azz|kniaxk

; ix"

= [BIHKBXIMIKH ZKAOK\4 Ye{| Febe|5 Xfabo ye{# Ye{|

7 Febe|"

6 XFK NE[\X4 Abh I wicc ~kk ye{ @ebhay" Xfax nebnc{hk~

9 xfi~ fka|ibg" Ne{|x i~ ahde{|bkh"

1: &Ne{|x ahde{|bkh)

11

1< NK\XIMINAXIEB1> I nk|ximy xfax xfk me|kgeibg i~ a ne||knx x|ab~n|izx m|e` xfk18 kcknx|ebin ~e{bh |kne|hibg em xfk z|enkkhibg~ ib xfk ale}k1; kbxixckh àxxk|"1=

17 Ckwi~ Za|fa` ;%16%:716 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUU19 îgbax{|k em X|ab~n|ilk| Haxk


25/293

[BIXKH ^XAXK^ LABO\[ZXNY NE[\XHI^X\INX EM HKCAWA\K

IB \K4 " Na~k Be" :71:81=ODN""

BKW NKBX[\Y X\^ FECHIBG^# "IBN"# kx ac"# " 6


26/293

Me| Mihkcixy4 Laok| Fe~xkxck|Ly4 HEBACH WE\O@AB# K^Q"Wa~fibgxeb ^q{a|k# ^{ixk 11::1:;: Nebbknxin{x A}kb{k# BWWa~fibgxeb# HN =;>:8


27/293

>

D-D NE[\X X\AB^N\ILK\^# IBN"

AZZKA\ABNK^ &Nebx'h")

^ìxf Oaxtkb~xkib M{|cew CCZLy4 OAXFCKKB @ICCK\# K^Q"Xfk Ne|ze|axk Zcata6:: Hkcawa|k A}kb{kZ"E" Lev 81:Wicìbgxeb# HK 19699

Me| xfk Hklxe|~4 \infa|h~# Cayxeb - Mibgk|# Z"A"Ly4 @A\NE^ A" \A@E^# K^Q"

@INFAKC @K\NFABX# K^Q"NF\I^XEZFK\ @" Â@I^# K^Q"

Ebk \ehbky ^q{a|k9


28/293

8


AZZKA\ABNK^ &Nebx'h")4

Zkzzk| Faìcxeb# CCZLy4 HA]IH L" ^X\AXXEB# K^Q"Fk|n{ck~ Zcata^{ixk ;1::1>1> @a|okx ^x|kkxZ"E" Lev 17:9Wicìbgxeb# HK 19699

Me| Z|kìk| Z|ibxibg4 ^xk}kb~ - CkkLy4 DE^KZF G\KY# K^Q"11:; Be|xf @a|okx ^x|kkxWicìbgxeb# HK 196:1

Me| Wkcc~ Ma|ge%NLa~~4 F{bxeb - Wiccia`~Ly4 DAÊB FA\LE[\# K^Q"

LKBDA@IB ANOK\CY# K^Q"\i}k|m|ebx ZcataKa~x Xewk|9;1 Ka~x Ly|h ^x|kkx\infèbh# ]A


29/293

;



Me| Labo em A`k|ina4 Oayk nfeck| CCZLy4 BINFECA^ N\K@EBA# K^Q"8 Be|xf @a|okx ^x|kkxWicìbgxeb# HK 196:1

Me| @{||ay Nazixac @{||ay Nazixac @abagk`kbx# Ibn"@abagk`kbx# Ibn"4 Ly4 @A\XI @[\\AY

Me| Wa~fibgxeb @{x{ac4 Nebbeccy Le}k Cehgk - F{xtLy4 @A\N ZFICCIZ^# K^Q"Xfk Bkè{|~ L{ichibg1::7 Be|xf E|abgk ^x|kkxWicìbgxeb# HK 19699

Me| BY ^xaxk Xkanfk|~ Cewkb~xkib âbhck| ZN\kxi|k`kbx y~xk`4 Ly4 I\A CK]KK# K^Q"

=; Ci}ibg~xeb A}kb{k\e~kcabh# Bkw Dk|~ky :7:=61791

Me| HaxaCibo%Mi~k|{4 Zficciz~# Gech`kb - zkbnk

Ly4 \ELK\X GECH@AB# K^Q"1


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=



Me| HIZ Ckbhk|~4 Zanf{c~oi xabg Tikfc Ye{bg Debk~- Wkibx|a{l CCZLy4 XI@EXFY Z" NAI\B^# K^Q"Wicìbgxeb# HK Emmink919 Be|xf @a|okx ^x|kkx#17xf Mcee|Z"E" Lev 67:;Wicìbgxeb# HK 1969967:;

Me| E|anck [Â4 @ebtano abh @ebane# Z"A"Ly4 OK]IB @ABGAB# K^Q"1:=

xfe~k lebh~ we{ch kvzi|k gkbk|accy ib caxk Az|ic e| ka|cy @ay"8

Ix }a|ikh m|e` ~xaxk xe ~xaxk" L{x xfk hklxe|~ wk|k manibg a;

n|i~i~" Im xfe~k lebh~ xk|ìbaxkh z{|~{abx xe xfk bexink~# Bkw=

Nkbx{|y we{ch bex fa}k cinkb~k~ xe ezk|axk" Aby z|e~zknx me| a7

geibg nebnk|b ~ack# xfk ~k|}inibg l{~ibk~~ we{ch lk oicckh"6

Aby kmme|x xe ~kcc xfk ceab e|igibaxieb zcaxme|` ~iìca|cy9

we{ch lk oicckh" Abh a~ a |k~{cx# xfk hklxe|~ kbgagkh ib1:

bkgexiaxieb~ wixf xfk Fa|xme|h e}k| ze~~ilcy |k~nibhibg xfe~k11

bexink~ em xk|ìbaxieb e| |kanfibg ab anne`èhaxieb"1

za|x em Az|ic# a hkac wa~ ~x|{no" Bkw Nkbx{|y we|okh fa|h xe18

za|k hewb xfk b{`lk| em lebh~ ix bkkhkh# |kaccy ceeoibg fa|h ax1;

xfk ~xaxk |kq{i|k`kbx~# xe àibxaib a geibg nebnk|b l{~ibk~~1=

me| xfk ceab e|igibaxieb zcaxme|` abh ac~e xfk ~k|}inibg17

l{~ibk~~"16

Xfk xexac lebh~ agg|kgaxkh ale{x (="7 ìccieb mank19

aè{bx" Abh xfk Fa|xme|h wa~ wiccibg xe kvxkbh xfe~k me| 1


36/293

1

\e`k fa}k |k}ikwkh acc xfki| cinkb~ibg abh xfky'}k wk'}k18

gexxkb ne`me|xalck xfax xfax'~ ebk em xfk |ka~eb~ xfk b{`lk|~1;

fa}k ne`k hewb" Xfax xfk|k wk|k kvnk~~ cinkb~k~ e| kvnk~~1=

lebh~ e{x xfk|k xfax wk|k d{~x bex bkkhkh ib cigfx em wfax17

kvanxcy xfky wk|k heibg ib kanf ~xaxk" ê abh ]k|èbx wa~16

ebk em xfk kva`zck~" Wk wk|k wk gex è|k ne`me|xalck xfax19

xfax i~ bex |kq{i|kh"


44/293


45/293


46/293

|kg{caxe|y ammai|~ em xfk ne|ze|axieb" ^e xfk~k lebh~ a|k8

wixfib fi~ d{|i~hinxieb";

Fk deibkh Bkw Nkbx{|y ib Enxelk| em


47/293


hklxe|~ nabnkccaxieb bexink~ me| acc xfe~k lebh~ xfax wk|k1

kmmknxi}k gkbk|accy ib caxk Az|ic e| ka|cy @ay" Fk we{ch

em Az|ic# xfk hklxe|~ kbgagkh ib bkgexiaxieb~ wixf xfk Fa|xme|h8

ale{x ze~~ilck kvxkb~ieb~ e| xk|ìbaxieb~ em xfe~k nabnkccaxieb;

bexink~"=

Abh fk wicc xk~ximy amxk| ~{l~xabxiac gi}k abh xaok7

x|ab~zi|ibg ~k}k|ac wkko~# {cxiàxkcy ab ag|kk`kbx wa~ |kanfkh6

xfax wa~ ~kx me|xf ib xfk e|igibac èxieb# wfk|k xfk Fa|xme|h9

hih ag|kk xe kvxkbh xfk nabnkccaxieb bexink~ {bxic xehay# wfinf1:

wa~ ~kcknxi}k lkna{~k ix wa~ xfk bkvx e`bil{~ fka|ibg haxk11

wfinf ne{ch accew xfi~ èxieb xe lk fka|h eb |kg{ca| bexink me|1

em E|anck I xfibo xfax ix'~ ac~e x|{k wixf |k~zknx xe xfk [bieb8

Labo eldknxieb abh I fa}k be z|elck` |k~k|}k ~zkaoibg caxk|";

L{x I d{~x wabxkh xe àok xfk ~a`k ~xaxk`kbx"=

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx"7

@^" [FCABH4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" Xfk a~~kx~ xfax6

xfk hklxe| i~ ~kkoibg azz|e}ac xe ~kcc xehay neb~i~x~ em ix~#9

wfax wk |kmk| xe a~ ix~ ceab ~k|}inibg zcaxme|`"1:

Xfk ceab ~k|}inibg zcaxme|` ibnc{hk~ ix~ è|xgagk11

~k|}inibg |igfx~" Xfk~k a|k xfk nebx|anx{ac |igfx~ xe ~k|}ink1 ìccieb" Abh ib ahhixieb# ib1=

nebbknxieb wixf xfk Na||ibgxeb ~ack# xfk hklxe|~ a|k ac~e# wixf17

|k~zknx xe xfk ~ack xe Na||ibgxeb# ~kccibg xfki| ~k|}inibg16

l{~ibk~~" Ib exfk| we|h~# xfk geibg nebnk|b a~zknx~ em xfk19

~ack ibnc{hibg nk|xaib zexkbxiaccy nk|xaib nebx|anx{ac


56/293

>>


Z|ie| xe xfk a{nxieb# xfk hklxe|~# Cata|h abh xfk1

N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk hkxk|ìbkh xfax xfk lih m|e` @e|gab

^xabcky m|e` ix~ elcigaxieb xe lk a lano{z lihhk|"18

Xfk hklxe|~# amxk| neb~{cxaxieb wixf xfk N|khixe|~1;

Ne`ìxxkk# hkxk|ìbkh xfax ix we{ch ne`ìx xe {~k ix~1=

hi~n|kxieb xe |kcik}k @e|gab ^xabcky m|e` lkibg a lano{z lihhk|17

im ix we{ch ~{lìx xfax lih"16

Xfk|kamxk|# Na||ibgxeb lih abh xfax aè{bx em19

azz|eviàxkcy (1;: ìccieb# e| g|e~~ lih em azz|eviàxkcy (168


59/293

>;


Ib neb~ihk|ibg xfk Na||ibgxeb lih xe lk xfk figfk~x1

abh lk~x lih# xfk hklxe|~ neb~ihk|kh xfax ib a neb~{cxaxieb=


N|khixe|~ Ne``ixxkk xfax xfk Na||ibgxeb lih |kz|k~kbxkh xfk1

figfk~x abh lk~x lih"

xfk kbxi|k e|hk|" L{x k~~kbxiaccy# xfk ~{l~xabnk em xfk18

ag|kk`kbx wa~ wfax wk ~kbx e}k|"1;

K~~kbxiaccy# xfk ahkq{axk a~~{|abnk~ eldknxieb~ fa}k1=

lkkb |k~ec}kh kbxi|kcy a~~{`ibg xfax z|ie| xfk nce~ibg haxk#17

xfk nebhixieb~ abh xfk ~k|}inibg ag|kk`kbx~ ^knxieb =:< e| ;:


64/293

8:


abh xfi~ wa~ |kah ibxe xfk |kne|h ax xfk a{nxieb abh fa~ lkkb1

|kmibkh ib lexf xfk e|hk| abh xfk AZA" Xfk cabg{agk i~

Cata|h ac~e ibixiaxkh ne``{binaxieb~ wixf za|xik~8

z|k}ie{~cy ihkbximikh a~ lihhk|~" A~ za|x em xfi~ z|enk~~#;

Cata|h ~zeok wixf azz|evi`axkcy 8: ibxk|k~xkh za|xik~ abh=

azz|evi`axkcy >: za|xik~ kvkn{xkh bebhi~nce~{|k ag|kk`kbx~ abh7

k}ac{axkh xfk a~~kx~"6

Fk we{ch m{|xfk| xk~ximy xfax xfk z|eze~kh ~ack abh9

a{nxieb em xfk a~~kx~ wk|k z{lcinaccy ah}k|xi~kh ib xfk1:

baxiebac khixieb em xfk Wacc ^x|kkx De{|bac eb Az|ic >:xf#11


73/293

89


^zkniminaccy# fk we{ch xk~ximy xfax xfk hklxe|~1

|knki}kh xf|kk q{acimikh lih~ me| xfk a~~kx~" Xfk za|xik~ ib

Kccibgxeb @abagk`kbx G|e{z# CCN# Kccibgxeb? @e|gab ^xabcky8

@e|xgagk Nazixac# Ibn"# @e|gab ^xabcky? abh a deibx lih ly;

N|khixla~kh A~~kx ^k|}inibg abh ^kn{|ixitaxieb# CCN# NLa~~?=

abh La|ncay'~ Labo# ZCN# La|ncay'~"7

Fk we{ch xk~ximy xfax amxk| xfk lih~ wk|k |knki}kh#6

xfk hklxe|~# Cata|h abh xfk N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk abh xfki|9

z|emk~~iebac~ k}ac{axkh abh hi~n{~~kh xfk knebeìn xk|`~ em xfk1:

}a|ie{~ lih~ a~ wkcc a~ xfk xk|`~ abh nebhixieb~ em xfk11

z|eze~kh a~~kx z{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx~ ~{lìxxkh ly xfk lihhk|~"1

a{nxieb z|enk~~# xfky ne{ch i`z|e}k lexf xfk knebeìn abh beb18

knebeìn a~zknx~ em xfk z|eze~ac~"1;

Amxk| |k}ikwibg xfk }a|ie{~ lih~# xfk hklxe|~ abh1=

Cata|h beximikh Kccibgxeb# @e|gab ^xabcky abh xfk deibx17

lihhk|~# NLa~~ abh La|ncay'~ xfax xfky wk|k q{acimikh lihhk|~"16

Xfk hklxe|~ abh Cata|h ac~e beximikh acc q{acimikh lihhk|~ xfax19

@e|gab ^xabcky fah ~{lìxxkh xfk figfk~x abh lk~x lih me| xfk


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;:


ag|kk xe i`z|e}k xfk xk|`~ em xfk ag|kk`kbx" @e|gab ^xabcky1

ag|kkh xe a àde|ixy em xfk z|eze~kh èhiminaxieb~"

xfk hklxe|~# Cata|h abh xfk N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk abh ix~8

ah}i~e|~# Na||ibgxeb abh xfk exfk| q{acimikh lihhk|~#;

Kccibgxeb# @e|gab ^xabcky abh NLa~~%La|ncay'~# a~~k`lckh ax=

xfk emmink~ em E'@kc}kby @yk|~ ib Bkw Ye|o ax 1: a"`" me| xfk7

a{nxieb"6

Xfk hklxe|~ xfk|kamxk| ne``kbnkh xfk a{nxieb wixf xfk9

@e|gab ^xabcky lih em 1;< ìccieb abh xfk i`z|e}kh a~~kx1:

z{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx xk|`~ a~ xfk xfkb figfk~x abh lk~x lih xfax11

ne`zkxibg lihhk|~ we{ch fa}k xe xez"1

kanf lih eb a bkx la~i~" Ax xfk ne``kbnk`kbx em xfk a{nxieb#18

xfk hklxe|~ kvzcaibkh xe acc em xfk lihhk|~ xfk hklxe|~1;

abacy~i~ em xfk @e|gab ^xabcky'~ lih abh xfk hklxe|~ hk|i}axieb1=

em xfk bkx la~i~ em xfax lih" A~ kvzcaibkh ly xfk hklxe|~ xe17

acc q{acimikh lihhk|~# @e|gab ^xabcky'~ g|e~~ lih em 1;


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;1


abacy~i~ em knebeìn abh bebknebeìn xk|`~ abh xfk bkx la~i~1

em xfk lih"

lkxwkkb |e{bh~ em lihhibg me| za|xik~ xe neb~ihk| xfk knebeìn8

abh bebknebeìn xk|`~ emmk|kh ly xfk figfk~x abh lk~x lih ib;

xfk z|k}ie{~ |e{bh" H{|ibg xfk~k zk|ieh~# xfk hklxe|~# Cata|h=

abh xfk N|khixe| Ne`ìxxkk kvxkb~i}kcy hi~n{~~kh xfk xk|`~ em7

xfk lih~ wixf xfk lihhk|~ abh àhk ~{ggk~xieb~ eb few xfk6

lihhk|~ ne{ch i`z|e}k xfki| lih~"9

E}k| xfk ~{l~kq{kbx |e{bh~ em lihhibg# xfk z{|nfa~k1:

z|ink abh exfk| xk|`~ em xfk x|ab~anxieb i`z|e}kh ~igbiminabxcy11

abh xfk b{`lk| em lihhk|~ ib xfk a{nxieb hkncibkh" \kcaxi}kcy1

NLa~~%La|ncay'~ kanf nfe~k bex xe ~{lìx a figfk| lih abh18

}ec{bxa|icy h|ezzkh e{x em xfk a{nxieb" Xfk|kamxk|# ebcy1;

Na||ibgxeb# lihhibg eb xfk zcaxme|`# xfk @^\~ abh ah}abnk~# abh1=

@e|gab ^xabcky# lihhibg ebcy eb xfk @\^~ abh ah}abnk~ |kàibkh"17

Na||ibgxeb abh @e|gab ^xabcky xfkb kbgagkh ib ~k}k|ac16

|e{bh~ em fkahxefkah lihhibg z|eh{nibg ib kanf ~{nf |e{bh19

è|k knebeìn }ac{k me| xfk hklxe|~ abh xfki| k~xaxk~"


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;: z"`" Ka~xk|b ^xabha|h Xi`k# xfk1:

a{nxieb nebnc{hkh"11

Ib hknca|ibg Na||ibgxeb xfk figfk~x abh lk~x lih# xfk1

manxe|~ ibnc{hibg418

&1) Na||ibgxeb emmk|kh xfk figfk~x e}k|acc z{|nfa~k1;

z|ink me| xfk a~~kx~ ib a g|e~~ aè{bx em azz|eviàxkcy (1681=

ìccieb wixf xfk ne||k~zebhibg bkx }ac{k xe xfk k~xaxk em 1;:17

ìccieb?16

&


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;>


~{l~xabxiaccy acc |kck}abx n{||kbx k`zceykk~# xfk|kly kb~{|ibg1

nebxib{ixy em xfk l{~ibk~~ abh a}eihibg zexkbxiaccy ne~xcy

&;) Na||ibgxeb ag|kkh xe zay e| a~~{`k ann|{kh abh8

{bzaih }anaxieb xi`k me| ~{l~xabxiaccy acc |kck}abx k`zceykk~?;

&=) Na||ibgxeb ag|kkh xe a~~{`k nebx|anx n{|k ne~x~=

e| nebx|anx~ exfk| xfab xfk ~k|}inibg ag|kk`kbx~? abh7

&7) xfax Na||ibgxeb ag|kkh xe xfk èhiminaxieb ib xfk6

a~~kx xe xfk a~~kx z{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx abh ~ack e|hk|~9

|kq{k~xkh ly za|xik~ nk|xaib exfk| za|xik~ibibxk|k~x"1:

M{|xfk|# @|" Ckmoewixt we{ch xk~ximy xfax xfk11

a{nxieb# wfinf xeeo zcank e}k| 1: fe{|~ abh 16 |e{bh~ em1

a~ a ~xenoibg fe|~k lihhk|~# wa~ wkccnebh{nxkh abh ezkb abh18

mai| xe acc za|xinizabx~ abh na{~kh lihhk|~ xe ~{lìx figfcy1;

ne`zkxixi}k lih~ ib ibn|ka~ibg aè{bx~? xfax xfk kmme|x~ em xfk1=

hklxe|~# Cata|h abh xfk N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk xe kbne{|agk17

lihhk|~ xe i`z|e}k xfk knebeìn abh bebknebeìn ib xfk xk|`~16

em xfki| lih~ manicixaxkh xfk a{nxieb z|enk~~ abh ~{lì~~ieb em19

i`z|e}kh abh figfk| lih~? abh m{|xfk|# xfax kanf em xfk za|xik~


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;8


Ckmoewixt5 I fka| be |k~zeb~k" Hklxe|~ fa}k abyxfibg kc~k ib1

~{zze|x em xfk èxieb5

e{xne`k# xfk hklxe|~ abh xfki| k`zceykk~"18

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Nab ye{ bew waco `k xf|e{gf1;

xfk eldknxieb~ abh |k~zeb~k~ xfax a|k ci~xkh eb xfk agkbha51=

Xkcc `k wfax |kàib~ e| wfax wk'|k fka|ibg ax xfk n{|k fka|ibg"17

@^" [FCABH4 Yk~# Ye{| Febe|" Ckx `k m|a`k xfi~16

l|ikmcy eb wfax wk wk ~kbx wk mickh a bexink hk~igbkh xe19

he a ne{zck em àxxk|~"


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;;


Wk'|k bex ~kkoibg xe e}k||{ck aby a~zknx em xfe~k eldknxieb~1

xehay"

xfk|k wicc lk be |ka~eb xe fa}k a fka|ibg eb xfk


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;9


~x|ka`cibk ~e`k em xfi~" ê xfk |kcikm lkibg ~e{gfx xehay i~1

xe hkac wixf xfk Hk{x~nfk abh xfk Wkcc~ Ma|ge Labo eldknxieb

xfk àvi`{` n{|k aè{bx~" Abh I xfibo lkyebh xfax k}k|yxfibg8

i~ lkibg ahde{|bkh" Abh xfax'~ |kaccy wfax wk'|k a~oibg xfk;

Ne{|x xehay"=

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Ckx `k xfkb fka| m|e` aby em7

xfk eldknxe|~ eb xfk ci~x wk'}k d{~x lkkb xf|e{gf"6

@\" HE^FI4 Xfabo ye{ kvn{~k `k" Xfabo ye{# Ye{|9

Febe|" Aì~f He~fi wixf Hay Zixbky eb lkfacm em E|anck [Â#1:

Ibn" Ye{| Febe|# i~ I ày# ix'~ a cixxck lix em lanog|e{bh xe11

oibh em d{~x ~kx me|xf xfk nebnk|b~ wk fa}k abh ahhixiebac1

lkibg ~e{gfx xe a~~{`kh e| a~~igbkh# xfk n{|k aè{bx i~8

~igbiminabxcy figfk|";

ê# wfick xfky'|k ~kkoibg xe ahde{|b nk|xaib i~~{k~#=

ax xfk ~a`k xi`k# xfk n{|k aè{bx i~ lkibg mivkh a~ wkcc a~ 7

abh ~zkniminaccy I |kmk| xe za|ag|azf~ 8 em xfk6

z|eze~kh e|hk|# wfk|k


86/293

=

Mi|~x# wk fa}k a g|kax hkac em k`zaxfy me| wfax xfk18

AZA ~nfkh{ck~ ~ay e| heb'x ~ay" Xfky'}k lkkb a za|xin{ca| a|ka1;

em nebnkbx|axieb abh x|yibg xe gkx xfk ~nfkh{ck~ ann{|axk abh1=

|igfx abh ne`z|kfkb~ilck i~ ~e`kxfibg wk'}k ~zkbx e| x|ikh xe17

~zkbh a cex em xi`k eb" ^e# ib xfax ~kb~k# a~ I ~aih# I fa}k a16

cex em k`zaxfy"19

Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk nebnk|b ale{x xfk (1


88/293

=8


xf|e{gf ix wixf E|anck# wk'cc gkx xe xfk |igfx aè{bx" E|1

wk'cc cixigaxk ix" Xfky'cc fa}k acc xfki| |igfx~ xe cixigaxk

ci~xkh a~ a nebx|anx abh wk ag|kk abh wk'cc miv xfax ib xfk18

~nfkh{ck~"1;

Fewk}k|# d{~x ~e wk'|k ncka|# xfk neccaxk|ac wixf1=

|k~zknx xe xfax à~xk| ~kn{|ixy ag|kk`kbx i~ ibnc{hkh ib xfk17

a~~kx~ xfax wk'|k anq{i|ibg" ê ix'~ è}ibg xfax ze|xieb em16

GKNN'~ ncai` m|e` xfk kvkn{xe|y nebx|anx l{nokx xe xfk z|k19

zkxixieb ~kn{|kh ncai` l{nokx" Xfk cikb wixf |k~zknx xe


92/293

=6


Wk |k}ikwkh xfk ~nfkh{ck~ xfax a|k azzkbhkh xe xfk a~~kx1

z{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx abh ix'~ bex ncka| xfax acc em xfk a~~kx~ ib

e| xfky'|k bex" Abh I l|e{gfx xfax xe xfi~ Ne{|x'~ axxkbxieb8

h{|ibg xfk lihhibg z|enkh{|k~ fka|ibg" Wk ~{zzcikh nezik~ em;

e{| ~nfkh{ck~ xe ne{b~kc me| xfk hklxe|" Abh I {bhk|~xabh xfi~=

i~ è}ibg q{inocy# Ye{| Febe|# abh I k`zaxfitk wixf acc ne{b~kc7

ib x|yibg xe hkxk|ìbk wfax a~~kx~ a|k lkibg ~ech"6

I xfibo xfk hklxe| fa~ axxk`zxkh xe àok xe hkac9

wixf xfi~ ib a ne{zck em way~" Ebk# ly z|e}ihibg xfax e{|1:

cikb# xe xfk kvxkbx wk fa}k a cikb ib xfk a~~kx~ xfax a|k lkibg11

~ech# wicc axxanf xe xfk z|enkkh~ em ~ack" Ib ahhixieb#1

Ckk" I |kz|k~kbx Z|kìk| Z|ibx abh ^k|}ink~ G|e{z" Wk mickh8

la~inaccy wfax aè{bx~ xe a n{|k eldknxieb bew" Abh I he fa}k;

ebk bkw i~~{k wfinf a|i~k~ m|e` xfk zazk|~ wk |knki}kh xfi~=

è|bibg# xfk bkw me|` em e|hk|" Ix'~ a ìbe| ebk# I nab xaco7

xe ne{b~kc" L{x la~inaccy# I'h ciok xe ~kk ~e`kxfibg ib xfk6

e|hk| e| ax cka~x ~e`kxfibg eb xfk |kne|h xfax àok~ ix ncka|9

xfax bexfibg ib xfi~ e|hk| i~ geibg xe i`zai| xfk |igfx~ em1:

n|khixe|~ xe ne`k ib abh ~kko i``khiaxk a~~{`zxieb e|11

a~~igb`kbx a~~{`zxieb e| |kdknxieb em xfki| nebx|anx~" I1

e|hk| i`zai|~ xfax bew# l{x I d{~x wabx xe àok ~{|k"18

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Abyebk kc~k na|k xe lk fka|h51;

@\" M\KK@AB4 Yk~# Ye{| Febe|" La||y M|kkàb me|1=

[bieb Labo# Dkmmk| @abgck~" I~ ix acc |igfx xe ~zkao bew517

XFK NE[\X4 Yk~"16

@\" M\KK@AB4 Eoay" Wk fa}k a ciìxkh eldknxieb19

wfinf |kcaxk~ xe a mkw i~~{k~" Ebk i~ ihkbximinaxieb em xfk


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71


fkczm{c"1

Abh xfkb xfk z|ià|y nebnk|b i~ a |kmk|kbnk xe a~~{`k

a ~kn{|ixy ag|kk`kbx ~kn{|kh ly ~kn{|ibg a |ki`l{|~k`kbx8

elcigaxieb {bhk| a ebk em ~k}k|ac ckxxk|~ em n|khix xfax;

wk|k i~~{kh xe xfk hklxe|" Xfi~ ebk# I wk lkcik}k i~ me|`=

we|ok|~ ne`z abh ix fa~ na~f neccaxk|acitkh ly ale{x (6::#:::7

zc{~ ~e`k ann|{kh ibxk|k~x" Abh ix'~ bex ncka| kvanxcy# mi|~x6

em acc# im ix nab lk a~~igbkh"9

L{x ib gkxxibg e}k| xfax i~~{k# kvanxcy xe d{~x1:

a~~igb xfk ~kn{|ixy ag|kk`kbx wixfe{x hkacibg wixf xfk ckxxk|11

em n|khix abh xfk |ki`l{|~k`kbx elcigaxieb abh xfk na~f hek~b'x1


{bxic Ye{| Febe| fa~ xfk e|hk|" ê ~fe{ch I ax cka~x hk~n|ilk1

wfax I xfibo xfk |k~ec{xieb i~ bew xe z|k~k|}k xfk eldknxieb~5

XFK NE[\X4 Be# be" Im xfe~k eldknxieb~ fa}k lkkb8

|k~ec}kh# I heb'x bkkh xe fka| xfk` bew";

@\" ZEWK\4 Wkcc# xfk|k i~ ebk =

XFK NE[\X4 Wfax I wabx xe obew bew i~ lkme|k I7

cka}k# d{~x me| xfk l|kao# i~ 6

@\" ZEWK\4 Eoay"9

XFK NE[\X4 xe fka| I wabx xe obew wfax'~ ckmx"1:

@\" ZEWK\4 Xfax'~ mibk# Ye{| Febe|" Abh im ye{11

ne{ch d{~x ag|kk xfax xfe~k za|xik~ ne{ch |ai~k aby eldknxieb~1


~{zk|ie| cikb" Wk heb'x wabx xe ag|kk xe ab ahìbi~x|axi}k1

kvzkb~k abh xfkb fa}k ~e`k ahkq{axk a~~{|abnk cikb z|i`k {~ abhC em xfk AZA,#16

abh I'` bex geibg xe |k|kah ix# l{x wk'|k geibg xe |kib~k|x xfk19

~a`k cabg{agk xfax I |kah ka|cik| xfax i~ geibg xe lk ib~k|xkh# xfk z|e}ihkh fewk}k| cabg{agk"


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ne~x~#, abh wk'|k geibg xe ahh xfk ~kbxkbnk xfk|k# ,a~ em xfk1

haxk em xfk micibg em xfk eldknxieb,"

xe z{x xfki| zfebk~ eb `{xk" Eoay" I'h ciok xe a~o xfk ne{|x8

nacc ezk|axe| xe hi~nebbknx m|e` xfk zfebk nacc# xfax zk|~eb;

wfe'~ xyzibg I nab fka|"=

XFK EZK\AXE\4 Yk~# Ye{| Febe|"7

XFK NE[\X4 I hihb'x obew wk ne{ch n{x e{x d{~x ebk6

zk|~eb" I cka|bkh xfax ebcy |knkbxcy"9

@^" [FCABH4 Abh# Ye{| Febe|# ax xfk kbh em za|ag|azf1:


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6;


lk &1) zaih ly Na||ibgxeb xe xfk kvxkbx ~{nf a~~igbkh nebx|anx1

lkne`k~ ab annkzxkh nebx|anx? e| &

~axi~mik~ xfk ahìbi~x|axi}k z|ie|ixy n|ixk|ia {bhk| 11 [^N8

;:>&l)&1)",;

Ib exfk| we|h~# Ye{| Febe|# wk'}k hkacx wixf xfk gaz=

zk|ieh lkxwkkb xfk haxk xfk eldknxieb~ wk|k mickh abh xfk7

aè{bx~ a|k mivkh abh xfk haxk em nce~ibg# ~e im abyxfibg6

ann|{k~ h{|ibg xfax zk|ieh# kixfk| Na||ibgxeb wicc zay im xfky9

xaok xfk nebx|anx e| xfk hklxe| wicc zay ix im xfky heb'x xaok1:

xfk nebx|anx# ~{ldknx xe e{| |igfx~ xe eldknx xe xfk accewabnk11

em xfk aè{bx abh ac~e wfkxfk| ix'~ a z|ie|ixy e| bex" Abh1

|ai~kh abh xfk eldknxe|~ |ai~kh"18

@\" FATKCXIBK4 Ye{| Febe|# im I ày l|ikmcy# Wiccia`1;

Fatkcxibk eb lkfacm em Wkcc~ Ze~xac êc{xieb" I ~zeok wixf1=

hklxe|~ ne{b~kc h{|ibg xfk l|kao" Wk fa}k ab aè{bx xfax I17

xfibo ax xfk xi`k xfk eldknxieb wa~ mickh wa~ bex ib a||ka|~#16

~e ix wa~b'x ib hkma{cx" I anx{accy nab z|e}ihk fi` wixf xfax19

aè{bx amxk| xfk fka|ibg"


110/293

6=


lkkb z|e}ihkh xfax fa}kb'x lkkb licckh ykx" I xfe~k a|k# a~1

I {bhk|~xabh ix# xfk ebk~ xfax a|k lkibg ann|{kh" Xfabo ye{#:# Ye{| Febe|# abh I lkcik}k xfi~ i~ xe;

ahh|k~~ ~e`k em xfk nebnk|b~ zk|faz~ em xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~=

X|{~xkk" Ix'~ xe nca|imy ix wicc bew |kah# ,Xe xfk kvxkbx7

em aby ibneb~i~xkbny lkxwkkb xfk z|e}i~ieb~ em xfi~ ~ack e|hk|6

abh xfk Na||ibgxeb ag|kk`kbx# xfk hi~ze~ixieb hen{`kbx~ e| aby9

hen{`kbx~ kvkn{xkh ib nebbknxieb xfk|kwixf# xfk z|e}i~ieb~1:

nebxaibkh ib xfi~ ~ack e|hk| ~facc ge}k|b",11

Ib za|ag|azf >8# abh I'cc d{~x |k|kah xfi~ ebk a~1

~kbxkbnk wicc |kah abh xfkb xfk lacabnk em xfk za|ag|azf i~8

~x|inokb";

,Bexfibg nebxaibkh ib xfk ~ack e|hk|# xfk Na||ibgxeb=

ag|kk`kbx e| hi~ze~ixieb hen{`kbx~ ~facc lk hkk`kh xe |kcka~k#7

hi~nfa|gk e| z|kd{hink ncai`~# im aby# Wkcc~ Ma|ge e| HL abh XN6

ày fa}k agaib~x &1) xfk e|igibac e| z|knce~ibg bebhklxe|9

za|xik~ xe xfk zk|xibkbx ~kn{|ixitaxieb hen{`kbx~? &) hklxe| kbxixik~ wfe a|k za|xy1

|kcaxk xe ~{nf a~~{`kh ag|kk`kbx~", Abh xfk lacabnk em xfax18

za|ag|azf wicc xfkb lk ~x|inokb"1;

@\" HE^FI4 Kvn{~k `k# Ye{| Febe|51=

XFK NE[\X4 Yk~"17

@\" HE^FI4 Xfi~ i~ Aì~f He~fi eb lkfacm em E|anck16

[Â# Ibn" Agaib# I heb'x wabx xe ibxk||{zx ne{b~kc# l{x I d{~x19

wabx xe bexk xfax xfk nfabgk~ |kmk|kbnk ib za|ag|azf >8# wk


112/293

66


@\" HE^FI4 Xfabo ye{"1

@^" [FCABH4 Ye{| Febe|# wixf |k~zknx xe za|ag|azf

n{|k a`e{bx# ix ~fe{ch ~ay ,a~ em Az|ic >:xf#


113/293

69


|kne|h# I lkcik}k xfi~ wa~ xfk Z|k`ik| Z|ibxibg eldknxieb# xfax1

xfk hklxe|~ anobewckhgk xfax xfky |k~k|}k xfk |igfx xe l|ibg

eb lexf# a bexink mkax{|k abh a z|enk~~ mkax{|k xfax gkx~ {~8

lano ib m|ebx em ye{ im wk nab'x we|o ix e{x";

XFK NE[\X4 Eoay" ^kk`~ xe `k xfax xfax we{ch lk xfk=

way xe lk eb xe ix abyway" Few hek~ E|anck mkkc ale{x xfax57

@\" HE^FI4 I nebnkzx{accy# Ye{| Febe|# im xfk6

cabg{agk ~xaxk~ xfax xfky we{ch bkkh E|anck'~ neb~kbx# ye{9

obew# ib xfk ibxk|i` zk|ieh# I xfibo xfax we{ch lk ~{mminikbx"1:

Abh Ye{| Febe| 11

XFK NE[\X4 I'` bex I'` bex 1

Ix'~ Ib |k W"H" Fac CCN &zfebkxin)" Abh I'cc anobewckhgk xe18

xfi~ Ne{|x xfk|k'~ a ~zcix em a{xfe|ixy e}k| wfkxfk| }ac{k1;

ibhinaxk~ xfk mank a`e{bx em ncai`~# e| wfkxfk| }ac{k ibhinaxk~1=

wfax xfk }ac{k em xfk neccaxk|ac i~ lkibg ~ech i~" I lkcik}k17

ib xfi~ za|xin{ca| hi~x|inx# ax cka~x# xfk ebcy na~k I ne{ch16

mibh eb xfax i~~{k wa~ D{hgk Wac|axf'~ ezibieb ib Okcc~x|e`"19

Abh ly ib hi~n{~~ibg >=>&m)&>)# ~fk ibhinaxkh xfax xfax ~ack


125/293

1:1


^e# I g{k~~ ib nebnc{~ieb# Ye{| Febe|# wfax I'`1

~{ggk~xibg abh wk'|k a~oibg xfk Ne{|x xe he i~ wk heb'x wabx xe=>&m)" Wk lkcik}k xfax xfk1:

Ne{|x ne{ch azz|e}k xfk ~ack# eoay# e}k| xfk eldknxieb im wk11

wk|k z|e}ihkh wixf ahkq{axk z|exknxieb ib xfk me|` em a1

nce~ibg" Abh xfax'~ ib k~~kbnk wfax wa~ z|e}ihkh ib xfk18

Okcc~x|e` hkni~ieb"1;

Al~kbx abh al~kbx xfax# Ye{| Febe|# I xfibo# ye{1=

obew# xfax xfk ~ack nabbex lk azz|e}kh e}k| e{| eldknxieb# ax17

cka~x wixf |k~zknx xe e{| za|xin{ca| kq{iz`kbx xe xfk kvxkbx16

ix'~ lkibg ~ech a~ za|x em xfk ~ack"19

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Ahkq{axk z|exknxieb# xfk


126/293

1:


z|eh{nkh# wk xfibo xfax wicc lk `e|k fkczm{c me| a ~xkz e}k|"1

Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk ahkq{axk z|exknxieb abh xfk ~ack

xfk na~k fk i~ nixibg i~ ab A|xinck < na~k" Ib |k~zknx# ix8

ib}ec}k~ ye{ obew# ix ib}ec}kh zayibg xfk m{cc z{|nfa~k;

z|ink em a~~kx~ {bhk| ab A|xinck < ag|kk`kbx" Ix wa~ bex a=

~kn{|kh ncai` A|xinck 9"7

XFK NE[\X4 Wkcc# ix wa~ ix wa~b'x xknfbinaccy a6

cikb# xfk Ne{|x bexkh" L{x ix fah xe he wixf xfk |igfx~ em xfk9

~kcck| wfe fahb'x ykx hkci}k|kh geeh~"1:

@^" [FCABH4 \igfx"11

XFK NE[\X4 ^e I webhk| m{bnxiebaccy# wfkxfk| me|1=>&m) ~ay~ abh ix1;

ahh|k~~k~ xfk ibxk|k~x em a hklxe| >=>&m) xaco~ ale{x1=

~kccibg m|kk abh ncka| ab ibxk|k~x ib z|ezk|xy" Abh ib xfi~17

na~k# Ye{| Febe|# wk we{ch za{~k ix xfax wixf |k~zknx xe GKNN'~16

~kn{|kh ncai`# xfax xfk|k ibxk|k~x ib z|ezk|xy |kmk||kh xe ib19

>=>&m) i~ xfki| ~kn{|kh ncai` {bhk| xfk Nehk# bex xfki|


128/293

1:8


em xfk ~ack wixf xfk ~a`k }acihixy# z|ie|ixy# me|nk abh kmmknx1

xfax xfky bew fa}k agaib~x xfk z{|nfa~k~ a~~kx~"< ìccieb" Anne|hibgcy# xfk ~ack1;

z|enkkh~ fa~ ~{l~xabxiac }ac{k ib kvnk~~ ~{l~xabxiac ~ack1=

z|enkkh~ ib kvnk~~ em xfk GKNN ~kn{|kh ncai`~# k}kb im a~~k|xkh17

ax xfki| m{cc aè{bx"16

ê a~ a la~kh eb xfk |kne|h ~e ma| ib xfk na~k abh19

xfk HIZ ceab xfax'~ |kmk|kbnk ib xfk ~ack e|hk| abh xfk Nixi


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1:;


na||ikh xfk hklx~# xfki| mank }ac{k a|k ck~~ xfab xfk z|enkkh~"1

@^" [FCABH4 Yk~# xfax'~ ne||knx# Ye{| Febe|" ê xfk

~{l~xabxiac kq{ixy ib xfk ~ack z|enkkh~# im ye{ wicc# xfax8

xfki| cikb i~ ahkq{axkcy z|exknxkh zkbhibg xfk hkxk|ìbaxieb em;

xfk xexac ~kn{|kh aè{bx em xfki| ncai`"=

XFK NE[\X4 Abh wfax a~~{|abnk we{ch GKNN fa}k xfax7

~{nf z|enkkh~ we{chb'x lk hi~~izaxkh56

@^" [FCABH4 Wk ne{ch nebmi|`# Ye{| Febe|# eb xfk9

|kne|h xfax wk àibxaib ib a# ye{ obew# a lacabnk ib HIZ1:

anne{bx em xfax xexac aè{bx em xfki| ncai` zkbhibg xfk11

|k~ec{xieb em xfki| ~kn{|kh ncai`"1

Ne`ìxxkk" Ye{| Febe|# wk fa}k ebk na}kax xe xfax z|emmk| ly8

hklxe| abh Na||ibgxeb eb xfk k~xaxk'~ lkfacm";

GKNN'~ ncai`# a~ I {bhk|~xabh ix# i~ lim{|naxkh"=

Xfky fa}k azz|eviàxkcy < ìccieb e| ~e agaib~x xkckzfebk7

~y~xk`~" Ix'~ {bncka| ykx wfkxfk| ~e`k em xfe~k ~y~xk`~ a|k6

lkibg ~ech a~ za|x em xfi~ x|ab~anxieb e| a~ za|x em xfk9

e|igibaxieb zcaxme|`" ê I wabx xe àok ix ncka| xfax wfax wk1:

|k~k|}k me| e{x em xfk ~ack z|enkkh~ i~ xfk ncai` |kcaxibg xe11

~e`k em xfk kq{iz`kbx xfax'~ lkibg ~ech fk|k# bex xfk kbxi|k1

fa}k xe we|o xf|e{gf xfax i~~{k a~ xe kvanxcy wfax'~ lkibg18

~ech# l{x wk'|k bex |k~k|}ibg me| la~inaccy a~~kx~ xfax a|kb'x1;

lkibg ~ech" Ix |kaccy fa~ xe lk xfk ncai` |kcaxkh la~k1=

aè{bx em xfk ncai` |kcaxkh xe xfk a~~kx~ lkibg ~ech"17

XFK NE[\X4 Wkcc# I xfibo xfax'~ acc xfax'~ |kq{i|kh16

z|e}ihkh xfk|k'~ a way xe àok xfax accenaxieb" I'` a~~{ìbg19

xfax xfk|k i~"


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à~xk| cka~k fk|k"1

ê wk'cc x|y xe we|o ix e{x# l{x I d{~x wabx xe lk

ìccieb# I heb'x xfibo xfax'~ wfax wk'|k xacoibg ale{x ib xfi~8

~ack" Abh xe xfk kvxkbx wk a|k# wk wicc z{x (7 ìccieb e|;

wfaxk}k| xfk ncai` i~" L{x xe xfk kvxkbx ix ebcy |kcaxk~ xe=

xfk à~xk| cka~k abh bex xfk exfk| kq{iz`kbx# xfkb xfax wicc7

bex lk |k~k|}kh me|" Xfax'~ ~i`zcy xfky'|k geibg xe gkx6

xfki| kq{iz`kbx lano {bck~~ wk nab ~kcc ix me| è|k" Xfabo9

ye{"1:

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 Im I ày nca|imy# Ye{| Febe|# xfi~11

fa~ lkkb geibg ma~x" Xfk à~xk| ~kn{|ixy ag|kk`kbx xfax wa~1

ag|kk`kbx xfax |kcaxk~ xe mi}k z|eì~~e|y bexk~ abh xfax à~xk|18

~kn{|ixy ag|kk`kbx# wk fa}k cikb~ agaib~x a fe~x em a~~kx~#1;

eoay" I `kab# xfk|k I wabx xe ~ay xfe{~abh~ em ne`z{xk|~#1=

kx nkxk|a"17

I heb'x obew wfax @|" Na||ibgxeb abh fi~ ncikbx a|k16

x|yibg xe z{|nfa~k a~ za|x em xfi~ ~ack" I heb'x xfibo fk19

obew~ ax xfi~ zeibx" Abh xfax |kàib~ xe lk hknihkh"


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ìhhck" I d{~x I heb'x obew few ab accenaxieb nab lk àhk1

abh aclkix xfk |ka~eb wfy ix'~ a z|elck` h{|ibg a ~ack lkme|k

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 [bhk|~xeeh" Wk'|k bex axxk`zxibg 18

wfax I'` x|yibg xe he# Ye{| Febe|# i~ z|k~k|}k acc |igfx~" Abh1;

wk'|k bex x|yibg xe fech {z 1=

XFK NE[\X4 Abh I heb'x xfibo abylehy fk|k i~17

ibxkbhibg xe i`zai| xfk` ib xfax way"16

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 ê im wk ne{ch ibnc{hk ~e`k cabg{agk19

ib xfk|k xfax ibhinaxk~ a~ ~{nf# wk'h a~o xfax"


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@\" OI\IAOE^4 Yk~# xfabo ye{" I xfibo xfk cabg{agk1

xfax I ~{ggk~xkh ib xk|`~ em ~zkniminaccy |kmk|kbnibg xfk

nebbknxieb wixf xfe~k cikb~ gi}k~ GKNN k}k|yxfibg xfky bkkh eb8

xfax |k~k|}axieb" Abh wfaxk}k| xfki| |igfx~ a|k# wfaxk}k|;

xfki| ncai`~ a|k# wfaxk}k| xfki| accenaxieb i~ xfky nab m{ccy=

|k~k|}k xe migfx xfe~k e{x caxk| a~ cebg a~# ye{ obew# xfk|k'~7

be neccaxk|ac axxano eb xfk ~ack amxk| ix fazzkb~"6


@^" [FCABH4 Abh a~ I {bhk|~xeeh xfk |k~k|}axieb#1:

fk'~ bex |k~k|}ibg xfk |igfx xe ge amxk| acc xfk z|enkkh~" I~11

xfax ye{'|k |k~k|}ibg xe ge amxk| xfk m{cc |k~k|}k aè{bx#1

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 Wk'|k |k~k|}ibg xfk |igfx xe ge18

agaib~x xfk m{cc |k~k|}k aè{bx# xfax'~ ne||knx"1;

@^" [FCABH4 Eoay"1=

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 Xfax~ ne||knx"17

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Hek~ xfax 16

@\" ZEWK\4 I'` ~e||y# I d{~x xfe{gfx I'h ibxk|dknx"19

@a|o Zewk|# ne{b~kc me| xfk Ne`ìxxkk" Wk a|k bex ag|kkibg ) abacy~i~" Abh I wabx xe àok ncka| xfax


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XFK NE[\X4 I'` bex àoibg a hkxk|ìbaxieb"1

@\" ZEWK\4 Eoay" Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|"

wfinf I a` wiccibg xe lck~~"8

@^" [FCABH4 ê# Ye{| Febe|# wk we{ch xfkb# ib;

anne|habnk wixf xfk ame|k`kbxiebkh ag|kk`kbx# ibnc{hk xe=

za|ag|azf > a nca|iminaxieb wixf |k~zknx xe cikb~ xfax ix7

ibnc{hk~ wixfe{x ciìxaxieb# ahkq{axk z|exknxieb ncai`~ abh wk6

wicc m{|xfk| z|e}ihk xfax wk wicc |k~k|}k m|e` xfk z|enkkh~ xfk9

ncai` aè{bx em GKNN" Xfk ~kn{|kh ncai` wkcc# xfk xexac1:

ncai` aè{bx a~ ezze~kh xe xfk cka~k aè{bx em GKNN"11

@\" GACCK\ITTE4 Abh xfk|k wicc lk a |k~k|}axieb em1

mickh eldknxieb~# abh la~inaccy# ix ~xicc ne`k~ xe xfk8

|kenn{||ibg i~~{k em wfax a~~kx~ a|k lkibg ~ech" Abh e{|;

ze~ixieb i~ al~ec{xkcy xfk ~a`k" Wk d{~x nab'x ihkbximy=

wfkxfk| e| bex Baxiebac Nixy'~ a~~kx~ a|k ibnc{hkh ib xfk ~ack7

e| bex"6

ê wixf |k~zknx xe aby ~ack~ e|hk| xfax i~ z|eze~kh9

xe xfk Ne{|x# wk |kaccy we{ch ciok xe ~kk ~e`k cabg{agk xfax1:

wicc z|e}ihk me| wfkb a ci~x wicc lk z|e}ihkh ~e xfax wk nab11

ahkq{axkcy z|exknx e{| |igfx~ e| bex" Ix'~ d{~x |kaccy1

@^" [FCABH4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" Wixf xfax# wk18

a|k z|kza|kh xe è}k xe xfk bkvx agkbha ixk` wfinf i~ xfk1;

mibacitaxieb em e{| e|hk| |kga|hibg xfk kvaìbk|"1=

Ye{| Febe|# wk 17

&Za{~k# abbe{bnk`kbx)16

@^" [FCABH4 Ye{| Febe|# a~ xfk Ne{|x i~ awa|k# lexf19

xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk abh xfk hklxe|~ abh xfk N|khixe|~


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za|xik~ m|e` xfk zeibx em }ikw em xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk'~1

emmink"

wa~ e{| axxk`zxkh ne`z|eì~k" E{| {bhk|~xabhibg i~ xfax xfk8

X|{~xkk kixfk| hek~b'x e| hek~b'x fa}k a{xfe|ixy xe ag|kk xe;

xfax cabg{agk bew" @|" Ibhkcinaxe wa~ geibg xe waco xf|e{gf=

~e|x em wfk|k wk a|k bew" Fk'~ lkkb men{~kh eb xfax a~ I'}k7

lkkb xikh {z wixf xfk ~ack z|enk~~ me| xfk za|xik~"6

@\" @N@AFEB4 Im I ày azz|eanf# Ye{| Febe|" De~kzf9

@n@afeb me| xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk" Ye{| Febe|# wk1:

~{lìxxkh a z|eze~kh me|` em e|hk| abh wk a|k xacoibg ale{x xfk11

[bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk'~ èxieb me| azzeibx`kbx em ab kvaìbk|1

Abh wfick xfky wk|k xfe~k hi~n{~~ieb~ wk|k fkczm{c ib8

{bhk|~xabhibg wfk|k xfk za|xik~ wk|k neìbg m|e`# I xfibo wk;

~xicc fa}k ~e`k m{bha`kbxac himmk|kbnk~ ale{x wfinf me|` xfk=

e|hk| ~fe{ch xaok"7

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Ge afkah" Bew wfax ~fe{ch I6

fa}k ib m|ebx em `k# @|" @n@afeb"9

@\" @N@AFEB4 Ye{| Febe|# im I ày# I we{ch ciok xe1:

azz|eanf abh fabh ye{ a nezy em xfk e{| me|` em e|hk| wixf11

b{`lk|kh za|ag|azf~" Abh ac~e# xfk me|` em e|hk| xfax wa~1

a{xfe|itk xfk azzeibx`kbx em ab kvaìbk|"8

Za|ag|azf = hkac~ wixf z|enkh{|k~ me| ahh|k~~ibg;

hen{`kbx |kq{k~x~ ~{ldknx xe |kck}abnk abh z|i}ickgk=

eldknxieb~" Hkac~ wixf xfk i~~{k em xfk azzcinalicixy em7

z|i}ickgk"6

Za|ag|azf 7 hkac~ wixf xfk azza|kbxcy ~{ggk~x~9

xfax xfk kvaìbk| we{ch xaok hen{`kbx~ m|e` xfk Ne`ìxxkk1:

~{ldknx xe nk|xaib nebmihkbxiacixy z|e}i~ieb~" Ncka|cy wfax11

xfk {cxiàxk ammknx em xfax we{ch lk eb xfk i~~{abnk em1>:"18

Xfax ix i~ ix i~ xfax xfe~k z|enkh{|ac nfkno~ z|e}ihk xfk1;

ck}kc em ne`me|x abh nk|xaibxy xfax xfi~ Ne{|x bkkh~ ib e|hk|1=

xe ahh|k~~ xfk kvaìbaxieb geibg me|xf"17

ê# Ye{| Febe|# xfe~k# I g{k~~# me{| xfe~k a|k xfk16

me{| oky nebnk|b~ xfax wk fa}k# Ye{| Febe|" I wicc bexk xfax19

wixf |k~zknx xe xfk z|ka`lck em xfk hklxe|~' e|hk|# wk fah ~e`k


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154/293

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|k~xaxk`kbx~ wk|k fazzkbibg" Abh ~e xfax'~ wfax wk lkcik}kh1

xfk ~nezk wa~ xe lk abh I lkcik}k eb lkfacm em xfk Ne``ixxkk#

hklxe| neb~kbxkh xe a~ wkcc"8

Xfk ["^" X|{~xkk'~ e|hk|# Ye{| Febe|# fewk}k|# I;

xfibo xaok~ xfax a cixxck m{|xfk|" Abh im ye{ ceeo ax xfk way=

xfky ceeo ax xfk ~nezk em ix# I g{k~~ ix'~ ib xfki| xfi|h7

hkn|kkh za|ag|azf eb zagk


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hknihk wfax xfk bkvx ~xkz i~ geibg xe lk" Abh im ye{ xaok xfax1

hewb abh ye{ ceeo ax &l)# Ye{| Febe|# xfkb xe exfk|wi~k zk|me|`) abh &a)&8)# wkcc# hek~b'x xfax xfk>

kvnkzxieb xfax ~waccew~ xfk |{ck5 Lkna{~k im ye{ ceeo ax xfk8

z|e}i~ieb~ {bhk| &a)&>)# ix i~ |kaccy xfk z|e}i~ieb~ em wfax a;

x|{~xkk i~ ~{zze~kh xe lk heibg" Abh xe xfk kvxkbx bex=

exfk|wi~k e|hk|kh ly ne{|x e|hk|# xe ib}k~xigaxk anx~# nebh{nx#7

cialicixik~# mibabniac nebhixieb~# I `kab# xfax'~ la~inaccy6

wfax xfk hklxe| wfax xfk Ne`ìxxkk i~ heibg# Ye{| Febe|"9

ê xfk|k wa~ ~e`k nebnk|b xfax ahhibg xfax z|e}i~ieb1:

ib# ye{ obew# b{ccimik~# ib manx# xfk ciìxkh ~nezk ib wfinf wk11

xfe{gfx xfk kvaìbk| wa~ lkibg azzeibxkh" Abh# Ye{| Febe|#1

Wk x|ikh bex xe gkx ibxe acc em xfax ib xfi~ nebxkvx8

em xfk e|hk|" Abh wk wk|k fezibg wk ne{ch hkac wixf ~e`k em;

xfe~k i~~{k~ caxk|" L{x im xfk|k'~ geibg xe lk |kne``kbhaxieb~=

ale{x xfk zexkbxiac `k|ix~ em na{~k~ em anxieb# I we{ch ~{ggk~x7

xfax xfax |kne|h# ax cka~x ibixiaccy# lk mickh {bhk| ~kac"6

Lkna{~k wk we{ch bex wabx# zexkbxiaccy# aby zexkbxiac xfi|h9

za|xik~ xe obew wfax xfk ~x|kbgxf~ abh wkaobk~~k~ em xfk1:

hklxe|~' na~k i~ lkme|k xfk cixigaxieb i~ ne``kbnkh" E| k}kb11

{bxic xfk cixigaxieb i~ nebnc{hkh"1

ahh|k~~ i~ ~e|x em xfk we|o zcab" Agaib# wk x|ikh xe he xfi~18

ib a ~e|x em neb~x|{nxi}k# z|anxinac azz|eanf" Im ye{ ceeo ax1;

xfk way xfk ["^" X|{~xkk hih ix# xfky wabx xe z{x xfk eb{~ eb1=

xfk hklxe| abh xfk N|khixe|~ Ne`ìxxkk xe neezk|axk wixf xfk17

kvaìbk|" Abh ib k~~kbnk# ib e|hk| xe he xfax 16

XFK NE[\X4 Wkcc# ckx `k z{x ix xfi~ way" We{chb'x19

ye{ xfibo xfax'~ wfax'~ kvzknxkh5


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nfabgkh ix ib e{| |k}i~kh e|hk|" Wfax wk wabx xe he i~ wk wabx1

xe fa}k ~e`k neezk|axi}k kmme|x ~e xfax fk {bhk|~xabh~ wfax

nebnk|bkh ale{x ne~x" Abh im xfk Ne{|x ceeokh ax e{| e|igibac18

e|hk|# wk fah ~{ggk~xkh a l{hgkx" Wfax wk ne{ch gkx away1;

m|e` xfk l{hgkx i~~{k# Ye{| Febe|# i~ wk hkac wixf xfk we|o1=

zcab" Im wk {bhk|~xabh wfk|k xfky'|k geibg# ykaf# ib l|eah17

l|{~f# wk xkcc xfk` wfax e{| nebnk|b~ a|k" Xe xfk ~kb~k xfky16

nfee~k bex xe ci~xkb xe {~# xfky he ~e wixf xfki| ewb zk|ic abh19

wk |k~k|}k e{| |igfx~ xe eldknx xe ax a caxk| haxk"


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nebnk|b~ a|k abh wfax xfk i~~{k~ xfax xfk Ne`ìxxkk fa~ a|k"1

ê xfax'~ wfax xfk we|o zcab wa~ abh wk xfe{gfx# ib xfk |k}i~kh=


wk|k ax xfk fka|ibg ca~x wkko" Xfk|k a|k i~~{k~ |kga|hibg1

xfk }a|ie{~ ge}k|b`kbxac agkbnik~# }a|ie{~ hen{`kbx~# }a|ie{~6


Abh I lkcik}k xfk z|e}i~ieb~ wixf |k~zknx xe xfk z|i}ickgk1

~{ldknx xe xfk nebmihkbxiacixy xe xfk Ne`ìxxkk" I xfibo

q{k~xieb# wk'|k a lix nebnk|bkh ale{x wfax z|e}ihibg a nezy em18

xfk |kze|x xe exfk| za|xik~ibibxk|k~x we{ch fa}k ib~ema| a~1;

wk'|k nebnk|bkh ale{x xfk z|kmicibg I g{k~~ a }kxxibg em1=

xfk |kze|x" I lkcik}k wfax wk nab xfax wfax we{ch lk17

azz|ez|iaxk i~ xe xfk kvxkbx xfax xfk|k wk|k nk|xaib i~~{k~16

ciìxkh xe wfkxfk| e| bex ze|xieb~ em xfk |kze|x ~fe{ch lk19

mickh {bhk| ~kac ne{ch lk ahh|k~~kh lkme|k xfk kvaìbk| wk|k xe


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z|eze~kh me|` em e|hk|" Xfky heb'x a~o me| è|k" Xfky d{~x1

~i`zcy a~o me| xfk |igfx xe a|g{k xfax xfk |kze|x ~fe{ch lk

~kac" Abh wk anobewckhgk xfax xfky nab |k~k|}k xfk |igfx~ xe8

he xfax";

Eb xfk we|o zcab i~~{k# Ye{| Febe|# a ne{zck zeibx~=

fk|k" Mi|~x# wk el}ie{~cy abxinizaxk xfax xfk kvaìbk|'~ geibg7

xe lk xacoibg xe xfk hklxe|~ abh xfk Ne`ìxxkk" M|abocy# I6

heb'x obew few xfk kvaìbk| gkx~ m|e` zeibx A xe zeibx L9

wixfe{x heibg ~e" Abh ix d{~x ~kk`~ ciok xfi~ kbxi|k i~~{k em1:

a we|o zcab i~ hk~igbkh xe i~ me|àcitkh ib a way xfax gi}k~11

exfk| za|xik~ibibxk|k~x ck}k|agk e}k| xfk kvaìbk| ib wfax wk1

ale{x zexkbxiac na{~k~ em anxieb# ix bkkh~ xe lk mickh {bhk|18

~kac e| ax cka~x xfk|k bkkh~ xe lk ab ag|kk`kbx xfax xfk |kze|x1;

wicc lk ~fa|kh wixf xfk Ne`ìxxkk z|ie| xe ix~ micibg ~e wk1=

fa}k ab alicixy xe ~zkao xe xfk kvaìbk| ale{x xfe~k i~~{k~"17

Abh xfk mibac zeibx# Ye{| Febe|# i~ I lkcik}k xfk16

|kne|h wa~ ncka| eb xfk hklxe|~' ze~ixieb wixf |k~zknx xe19

Oehiao" Ebk em xfk i~~{k~ xfax wk fah# abh wk wkbx xe N1 abh


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wixf |k~zknx xe xfk hklxe|~' ~xiz{caxieb# ~zkao~ xe ix~kcm abh1

I heb'x lkcik}k xfax bkkh~ xe lk ib xfk e|hk|" Xfabo ye{"

lkkb hicigkbx# ibhkkh# acè~x }inie{~ ib okkzibg amxk| xfk18

hklxe|~ ib xfi~ na~k" Wk heb'x bkkh ab kvaìbk| xe fkcz {~ he1;

e{| del"1=

I {bhk|~xabh xfk Ne{|x'~ geibg xe e|hk| ix agaib" I17

k`zfa~itk# `y ncikbx wabx~ xe k`zfa~itk xfax xfk kvaìbk|#16

xf|e{gf xfk Ne{|x'~ e|hk|# lk okzx m|e` gkxxibg e{x em nebx|ec"19

Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" Wk we{ch a~o# a~ a n|khixe|# xfk Ne{|x


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^y~xk`" Wk mickh a ~xaxk`kbx ib ~{zze|x em xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~1

X|{~xkk'~ z|eze~kh me|` em e|hk| abh wk'|k fk|k xe ~xaxk xfax) ib~xkah em &a)&8)" Wk hih `kab xe |kmk|1) wicc l|eahkb1>

xfk ~nezk"18

XFK NE[\X4 Ix we{ch I ag|kk wixf ye{" Eoay"1;

Ckx'~ `e}k eb"1=

@\" @K\NFABX4 Geeh amxk|beeb# Ye{| Febe|" @iok17

@k|nfabx em \infa|h~# Cayxeb - Mibgk| eb lkfacm em xfk hklxe|~"16

Ye{| Febe|# Be" 8 eb xfk agkbha i~ xfk hklxe|~'19

azzcinaxieb xe |kxaib Ne`zkb~axieb Hk~igb G|e{z" Xfk|k wa~ ab


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xfax azzcinaxieb" Abh I he fa}k a |k}i~kh me|` em e|hk| abh a1

lcanocibk# im I ày azz|eanf"

@\" @K\NFABX4 Ye{| Febe|# ax xfk |kq{k~x em xfk8

[bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk# wk'}k nfabgkh ix m|e` a >>:"1>

Ye{| Febe|# xfk|k'~ ~e`k ahhixiebac z|e}i~ieb~ ib xfk18

e|hk| xfax I we{ch ac~e ciok xe fabh e{x" Wk'}k ahhkh xfk1;

Zcabkx Feccyweeh ibhk`biminaxieb cabg{agk ax xfk |kq{k~x em xfk1=

Emmink em xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk" Wk'}k ac~e àhk ncka|17

xfax NHG wicc bex lk z|e}ihibg aby ahhixiebac ~k|}ink~ ib xfk16

na~k" Abh xfax wa~ ahhkh ax xfk |kq{k~x em xfk N|khixe|~19

Ne`ìxxkk" Ca~xcy a|k


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Ye{| Febe|# xfk|k wk|k a b{`lk| em eldknxieb~ mickh1

wixf |k~zknx xe xfax èxieb# acc em wfinf ~kk` xe lk n{|k

eldknxieb# Ye{| Febe|# xfax eldknxieb |kcaxkh xe xf|kk ~kza|axk18

cka~k~" Wixf |k~zknx xe cka~k IH NA:;=# wfinf i~ xfk âb Hikge1;

cka~k# xfky a~~k|xkh a n{|k aè{bx em (


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IH IC::1 wfinf i~ xfk Nfa`zagbk# Iccibei~ cka~k" Xfky'}k1

a~~k|xkh a n{|k aè{bx em (11#:;:"78# abh xfk hklxe|~ fa}k

xfk a`kbhkh Kvfilix A"8

Xfky'}k ac~e |kq{k~xkh xfax xfk hklxe|~ }k|imy xfax;

xfk|k wicc lk |kè}ac abh ~kn{|ixy ~e`k ~kn{|ixy em aby=

ixk`~ ne}k|kh ly zk|~ebac z|ezk|xy cka~k~ abh I'cc àok xfax7

~xaxk`kbx eb xfk |kne|h xfax# yk~# wk wicc ne`zcy wixf xfax#6

Ye{| Febe|"9

@e}ibg xe xfk bkvx eldknxieb i~ xfk \D^ Z|ezk|xik~1:

eldknxieb" Xfax |kcaxk~ xe xfk cka~k ihkbximikh ly cka~k IH11

BL:9" Xfky'}k a~~k|xkh a n{|k aè{bx em (;#8=:# Ye{| Febe|"1

ib xfk |k}i~kh Kvfilix A xe xfk e|hk|"18

Xfk Mihkcixy Baxiebac Ibme|àxieb ^k|}ink~ eldknxieb#1;

Ye{| Febe|# xfax'~ ci~xkh eb xfk agkbha wa~ anx{accy ab1=

eldknxieb xe xfk bexink |kcaxibg xe xfk Na||ibgxeb ~ack" Ix'~17

bex ab eldknxieb xe xfi~ èxieb"16

Abh ca~xcy# Ye{| Febe|# xfk EON @a{i Ewbk| CCN cka~k19

eldknxieb" Xfax eldknxieb anx{accy |kcaxk~ xe xfk ~a`k Fawaii


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1;;


bexk i~ wixf |k~zknx xe ~k}k|ac em xfk~k n{|k aè{bx~ wfk|k xfk1

hklxe|~ fa}k bexkh tk|e abh bew wk'}k ag|kkh xe a g|kaxk|

cka~k zay`kbx~ geibg xf|e{gf" Abh I {bhk|~xabh xfax ~k}k|ac em8

xfk zay`kbx~ xfax we{ch lk ibnc{hkh wixfib xfk~k |k}i~kh;

aè{bx~ a|k anx{accy xfk nfkno~ a|k anx{accy ib xfk àic"=

ê a~ xfky a|k zaih ib xfk e|hiba|y ne{|~k# xfky we{ch |kh{nk7

xfk aè{bx~ ewkh"6

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Hek~ abyebk kc~k na|k xe lk9

fka|h ib nebbknxieb wixf xfi~ èxieb5 I fka| be |k~zeb~k"1:

@\" @K\NFABX4 @ay I azz|eanf# Ye{| Febe|511

XFK NE[\X4 Ye{ ày" Xfabo ye{"1

XFK NE[\X4 Xfax e|hk| fa~ lkkb ~igbkh"18

@\" @K\NFABX4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" I'` geibg xe1;

nkhk xfk zehi{` xe @|" Cegab me| xfk ca~x àxxk| eb xfk agkbha"1=


@\" CEGAB4 Hewb xe xfk mkw abh maixfm{c# Ye{| Febe|"16

Ye{| Febe|# xfk ca~x èxieb i~ a èxieb xe k~xalci~f ~e`k19

z|enkh{|k~ me| g|abxibg |kcikm m|e` xfk a{xeàxin ~xay xe xfk


180/293


181/293

1;7


lkna{~k wk we{ch lk ~a}ibg a ~{l~xabxiac aè{bx me| xfk è}ibg1

za|xik~# xfk q{ih z|e q{e m|e` xfk k~xaxk'~ zk|~zknxi}k wa~ xe: hay~ we{ch lk è|k11

azz|ez|iaxk" Wk ag|kk" Wk fa}k n|amxkh a |k}i~kh me|` em1

z|enk~~" Zkezck a|k m|kk xe ge ~kko |kcikm m|e` xfk ~xay im18

xfky a|k ~e ibncibkh xe he ~e" Abh ~knebhcy# ~fe|xibg xfk xi`k1;

zk|ieh xe >: hay~"1=

A b{`lk| em xfk exfk| eldknxe|~ fah a nebnk|b xfax17

~e`k em xfk ibme|àxieb wk |kq{k~xkh# wfinf wk'}k n|illkh m|e`16

~e`k e|hk|~ ib exfk| na~k~# we{ch }iecaxk ~e`k neb~{`k| z|i}any19

~xax{xk~" Abh wk'}k agaib nfabgkh xfk me|` em xfk e|hk| xe xfk


182/293

1;6


m|kk xe he ~e" Ibhkkh# xfk|k a|k a b{`lk| em |kcikm m|e` ~xay1

àxxk|~ xfax a|k ~kx me| @ay >:xf abh xfkb agaib me| xfk bkvx

lkkb annkck|axkh ly xfk n|khixe| abh me|knce~{|k fa~ lkg{b"8

Xfk ebcy |igfx a d{bie| cikb fechk| fa~ i~ xe zay xfk mi|~x;

è|xgagk emm ib m{cc" ê I he{lx xfax xfk hklxe| i~ ibxkbhibg=

xe he xfax ib aby em xfk~k na~k~"7

I ac~e mkkc xfax xfk ebcy n|ixinac i~~{k xfax xfk6

n|khixe| ~fe{ch fa}k xe k~xalci~f i~ xfax ix~ cikb i~ ~kbie|9

abh xfax xfk è|xgage|# xfk z|ezk|xy ewbk|# i~ bex zayibg xfk1:

è|xgagk" Xfax xfk è|xgagk i~ ib hkma{cx abh ix~ z|ezk|cy ib11

me|knce~{|k ne{|x"1

a èxieb me| |kcikm |kac ma~x" Ye{ nab'x waix >: hay~ xe ~kk18

wfax'~ geibg xe fazzkb" Xfk ckbhk|~ ~kbh ye{ wkkocy e| èbxfcy1;

|kze|x~ xkccibg ye{ xfax ye{'|k ib hkma{cx em ye{| elcigaxieb~1=

abh micibg xfibg~# im ye{ heb'x mick xfibg~ |igfx away" ê xfk17

Ne{|x'~ ~xicc geibg xe gkx xfk èxieb~ me| |kcikm k}kb im16

za|xin{ca| ckbhk|~ hknihk xe x|y xe a}aic xfk`~kc}k~ em xfk19

z|enkh{|k# ix we{ch lk h{zcinaxi}k kmme|x# bex kixfk|%e|: hay~ xe gkx (1#::: e{x em aby em xfk~k è|xgagk


185/293

1=1


Xfax'~ xfk way xfk l{|ka{n|anik~ ~kk` xe we|o" Bkw Nkbx{|y wa~1

xfax way wfkb I hih we|o me| Bkw Nkbx{|y mi}k yka|~ age" Ix'~wfax |kib~xaxk`kbx i~# Ye{|1:

Febe|" Xfk|k ne{ch lk ;: himmk|kbx }k|~ieb~ em |kib~xaxk`kbx11

{bhk| ~xaxk caw abh xfe~k ~fe{ch lk we|okh e{x"1

xfk xk|` ,k}ihkbnk, wa~ {~kh" Bex ~{|k wfax xfax `kab~18

kixfk|" Agaib# a }ag{k xk|`" Xfk~k acc ne{ch lk we|okh e{x#1;

l{x xfk|k ~fe{ch lk a z|enkh{|k xfax hkac~ wixf xfk~k xwe1=

i~~{k~ ib ahhixieb xe xfk mkk i~~{k wfinf# agaib# xfi~ ~fe{ch17

bex lk {~kh a~ a |k}kb{k kbfabnk`kbx }kfinck" Xfi~ ~fe{ch lk16

{~kh a~ a way xe ka~k xfk ah`ibi~x|axieb em xfi~ k~xaxk"19

^e xfe~k a|k e{| i~~{k~# Ye{| Febe|" Wk we{ch z|kmk|


188/293

1=8


Hi~x|inx em Zkbb~yc}abia# acc xfe~k |kcikm m|e` ~xay èxieb~"1

@\" OA^^KBK\4 I heb'x k}kb wabx xe xfibo ale{x wfax

è|xgagk ly è|xgagk e| im wk l|ibg ebk bexink me| >::8

me|knce~{|k~" El}ie{~cy xfax wa~b'x ncka| ib xfk ibixiac;

e|hk|" Im wk ne{ch gkx away wixf zayibg (1#::: abh gkxxibg >::=

em xfk` fka|h {bhk| ebk bexink# e| im wk fa}k xe zay (>::#:::"7

Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|"6

XFK NE[\X4 Xfabo ye{"9

@\" ZFICCIZ^4 Geeh amxk|beeb# Ye{| Febe|" @a|n1:

Zficciz~ me| Wa~fibgxeb @{x{ac" Ax xfk |i~o em lkibg11

|kzkxixi}k# wk# xee# eldknx xe xfk (1#::: zay`kbx" Abh I knfe1

Im xfk è}abx ne`k~ me|wa|h wixf a geeh maixf8

k~xiàxk em xfk }ac{k em xfk z|ezk|xy abh xfk }ac{k em xfk;

cikb~# xfax wicc ~{~xaib ix'~ l{|hkb ib xfk mi|~x ib~xabnk"=

Abh im xfk hklxe|~ nebxk~x xfax# wk nab gkx emm ibxe7

k}ihkbxia|y i~~{k~ im wk nab'x |kanf |k~ec{xieb" L{x wk a|k6

ne`me|xalck wixf ~x|ioibg xfk z|e}i~ieb xfax wk a|k ~kkoibg9

xfax xfky fa}k xe ne`k {z wixf ab azz|ai~ac# a me|àc1:

azz|ai~ac# a geeh maixf k~xiàxk a~ ~kx me|xf ib xfk cenac11

|{ck~ ib Hkcawa|k we{ch ~{mmink"1


wixf xfk me|knce~{|k" Abh wfkxfk| xfax `kab~ |kib~xaxk`kbx im1

wk gex a Nacime|bia è|xgagk# wfkxfk| xfax `kab~ zayibg emm xfk

a~ xfk >:xf im ye{ xfibo xfax xfax'~ ~{mminikbx xi`k xe fa}k18

hi~n{~~ieb~" Im bex# I'h z{x ix xe a haxk ib D{bk"1;

@\" CEGAB4 @ay >:xf 1=

XFK NE[\X4 Yk~# @ay >:xf ax :" ^xax ix xe xfk17

e`bil{~ fka|ibg haxk" Eoay" Abyxfibg m{|xfk| me| xehay516

@^" [FCABH4 Bexfibg xehay# Ye{| Febe|# xfabo ye{"19

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx" Xfabo ye{ acc" Xfax


203/293

179


N K \ X I M I N A X I E B1

I# ^{~ab Fecne`l# ne{|x azz|e}kh x|ab~n|ilk|# nk|ximy8

xfax xfk me|kgeibg i~ a ne||knx x|ab~n|izx m|e` xfk emminiac;

kcknx|ebin ~e{bh |kne|hibg em xfk z|enkkhibg~ ib xfk ale}k=

kbxixckh `axxk|"7

6

%~% {~ab Fecne`l Haxk4 @ay


204/293

[BIXKH ^XAXK^ LABO\[ZXNY NE[\XHI^X\INX EM HKCAWA\K

IB \K4 " Nfazxk| 11"

BKW NKBX[\Y X\^ FECHIBG^# IBN"#" Na~k Be" :71:81=&ODN)a Hkcawa|k ne|ze|axieb# kx ac"#" &Deibxcy Ah`ibi~xk|kh)

"Hklxe|~" " @ay >:#


205/293

@\" @K\NFABX4 Geeh amxk|beeb# Ye{| Febe|" @iok8

@k|nfabx em \infa|h~# Cayxeb - Mibgk| eb lkfacm em xfk;

hklxe|~" Ye{| Febe|# I lkcik}k xfk mi|~x 18 àxxk|~ eb xfk=

agkbha a|k acc nebxib{kh xe xfk e`bil{~ fka|ibg haxk7

~nfkh{ckh me| D{bk 1;xf" @axxk| b{`lk| 1; eb xfk agkbha i~ a6

~xay |kcikm èxieb mickh wixf |k~zknx xe nk|xaib Mce|iha9

z|ezk|xik~# abh Icc nkhk xfk zehi{` xe xfk è}abx xe z|k~kbx1:

xfax èxieb"11


z|e}ihkh ~{mminikbx ibme|àxieb xe àok a hkxk|ìbaxieb"1

@\" @K\NFABX4 Ye{| Febe|# im I ày ibxk||{zx":#::: ib


208/293

;

xfk |kx{|b em k~n|ew n{~xe`k| fechlano~ ~facc bex kvnkkh1

(=:#::: ib xfk agg|kgaxk# abh wk}k ac~e ag|kkh xfax aby abh

m|e` aè{bx~ lkibg fkch ly xfk hklxe|~ ib k~n|ew e| m|e`8

m{bh~ xfax wk|k lkibg fkch ib k~n|ew abh fa}k ~ibnk lkkb;

|kcka~kh xe xfk hklxe|~ ly xfki| |k~zknxi}k k~n|ew agkbx abh=

~facc bex lk ~axi~mikh m|e` z|ezk|xy em xfk k~xaxk" Abh7

ca~xcy# Ye{| Febe|# wk ag|kkh xfax aby n{~xe`k| z|eg|a`6

zay`kbx~ àhk eb anne{bx em |km{bh~ em {baccewalck mkk~9

nfa|gkh ly xfk hklxe|~ xe le||ewk|~ ~facc bex kvnkkh (6:#:::1:

ib xfk agg|kgaxk"11

XFK NE[\X4 ê# few `{nf kvx|a m|e` aè{bx~1

@\" @K\NFABX4 Wkcc# Ye{| Febe|# I lkcik}k ebcy xfk18

n{~xe`k| |k~xix{xieb zcab zay`kbx~ ne}k| zay`kbx~ xfax wk|k1;

ac~e azz|e}kh z{|~{abx xe xfk mi|~x hay e|hk|" ê em xfk1=

aè{bx~ I d{~x hi~n{~~kh# xfk|k~ a (1>:#::: naz wixf |k~zknx17

xe xfe~k zay`kbx~# 9:#::: em wfinf fa~ ac|kahy lkkb azz|e}kh16

abh gebk e{x xfk hee|" ê# ix~ 8:#::: ib ahhixiebac19

zay`kbx~" Acc em xfk exfk| naz~ a|k bkw aè{bx~ xfax a|k


209/293

=

XFK NE[\X4 Yk~"1

@\" @K\NFABX4 Ye{| Febe|# I d{~x |kacitkh xfax

~{lìx a |k}i~kh me|` {bhk| nk|ximinaxieb em ne{b~kc# im8

xfax~ annkzxalck";

XFK NE[\X4 ]k|y wkcc"=

@\" @K\NFABX4 Ye{| Febe|# me| xfk bkvx àxxk| eb7

xfk agkbha I` geibg xe x{|b xfk zehi{` e}k| xe Lkb Cegab"6

@\" CEGAB4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" Xfi~ i~ xfk9

èxieb xe azz|e}k a na~f neccaxk|ac ~xiz{caxieb wixf1:

Nixig|e{z \kac K~xaxk" I hebx fa}k xfk m{cc ba`k ib m|ebx11

em `k# l{x xfk Nixig|e{z \kac K~xaxk g|e{z wfinf z|e}ihkh xfk1: hay~ kq{ac~ ab a{xeàxin16

cimxibg em xfk ~xay# abh im xfk hklxe|~ hknihk xe z{|~{k xfk19

|kib~xaxk`kbx abh xfkb hkma{cx {bhk| xfk bexk e| exfk|


214/293

11

xfk za|xik~" Wk|k anx{accy x|yibg xe ciìx hi~nce~{|k wfk|k1

xfk hi~nce~{|k we{ch |{b ame{c em aby z|i}any caw~" ê# xe

ibme|àxieb xfax# ye{ obew# ìgfx |{b ame{c em aby azzcinalck8

mkhk|ac e| ~xaxk z|i}any caw# wk|k ciìxibg xfax" Xfk|k i~;

a ~cigfx ibxk|cibkaxieb# ye{cc ac~e bexk# ax za|ag|azf &9)=

xfax xfk Ne`ìxxkk ~{ggk~xkh d{~x ~e xfax ix~ ciìxkh xe xfk7

kvxkbx xfax xfk ibme|àxieb we{ch anx{accy i`zcinaxk xfe~k6

z|i}any |igfx~ xfax wk|k xacoibg ale{x" Xfkb# mibaccy# ax9

za|ag|azf &1:)# abh xfi~ i~ xfk al~ec{xk ca~x nfabgk#1:

la~inaccy xfi~ hkac~ wixf xfk nk|xaibxy a~zknx xfax11

k~~kbxiaccy im a za|xy mick~ a nk|ximinaxieb em ne{b~kc e| ab1

obew# ~xaxibg xfax xfk ~xay fa~ lkkb cimxkh# xfk hklxe|~ wicc18

fa}k xf|kk hay~ xe |k~zebh xe xfax# abh im xfky he bex wixfib1;

xfax xi`k# xfk e|hk| ày lk g|abxkh ly xfk Ne{|x# abh I xfibo1=

xfax ahh|k~~k~ xfk nebnk|b~ ale{x nk|xaibxy abh z|eem amxk|17

xfk manx xfax xfk ~xay fa~ anx{accy lkkb cimxkh" ê# xe xfk16

kvxkbx xfax Ye{| Febe| fa~ aby q{k~xieb~# Icc ab~wk| xfk`#19

l{x xe xfk kvxkbx xfax ye{ he bex# I we{ch a~o xfax ye{ kbxk|


215/293

1

Febe|# amxk| xfk ca~x fka|ibg# I |kanfkh e{x xe hklxe|~8

ne{b~kc xe x|y abh |k~ec}k F^LN~ i~~{k~" La~kh eb xfe~k;

hi~n{~~ieb~ abh xfk nfabgk~ annkzxkh xehay# F^LN ebcy fa~ a=

mkw |kàibibg eldknxieb~" Mi|~x# Ye{| Febe|# F^LN nebxib{k~7

xe àibxaib xfax xfk hklxe|~ bex kbxixckh xe aby mkk wfkxfk|6

me| |k}kb{k z{|ze~k~ e| exfk|wi~k" I` bex awa|k em aby9

ne{|x ib xfi~ ne{bx|y xfax fa~ azz|e}kh ~{nf a mkk# abh I1:

hebx lkcik}k xfax xfi~ Ne{|x ~fe{ch ~kx xfk z|knkhkbx"11

^knebh# Ye{| Febe|# xfk hklxe| fa~ |kq{k~xkh xfax F^LN1

k}kb xfe{gf xfk hklxe| ac|kahy fa~ xfe~k zazk|~" Agaib# F^LN18

lkcik}k~ xfax ~{nf a |kq{k~x i~ l{|hkb~e`k abh xfax xfax1;

~fe{ch lk ~x|inokb ac~e" Xfabo ye{"1=

XFK NE[\X4 Eoay" Aby em xfk exfk| eldknxe|~ na|k17

xe lk fka|h516

@\" NFIZ@AB4 Ye{| Febe|# me| xfk |kne|h# Wiccia`19

Nfizàb# Khwa|h~# Abgkc# Zac`k| - Hehgk eb lkfacm em


217/293

18

ne{b~kc me| xfk hklxe|~ eb exfk| ~xay |kcikm i~~{k~ xfax1

a|kbx i`zanxkh ly xfi~ e|hk|"

wixfh|awb e| |k~ec}kh"8

@\" NFIZ@AB4 Ix~ |k~ec}kh";

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx# xfabo ye{"=

@\" NFIZ@AB4 Xfabo ye{"7

XFK NE[\X4 Aby exfk| eldknxe| na|k xe lk fka|h5 I6

wicc a~~{`k xfkb xfe~k wfe fa}k bex ~xkzzkh me|wa|h# xfki|9

eldknxieb~ fa}k lkkb |k~ec}kh e| alabhebkh" Ckx `k a~o xfk1:

hklxe| xe |k~zebh l|ikmcy xe F^LN~ |kàibibg ne``kbx~"11

@\" Â@I^4 Ye{| Febe|# I xfibo xfk àib |k~zeb~k1) em xfax e|hk|# xfk1)"1>

XFK NE[\X4 Hek~ abyebk kc~k na|k xe lk fka|h ib18

nebbknxieb wixf xfi~ azzcinaxieb5 I fka| be |k~zeb~k" Xfax1;

e|hk| fa~ lkkb ~igbkh"1=

@\" NA\INOFEMM4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|" Xfk bkvx17

ixk` eb xfk agkbha i~ xfk Ne`ìxxkk~ azzcinaxieb xe |kxaib16

MXI Neb~{cxibg# abh xfi~ i~ abexfk| ~ix{axieb wfk|k wk fa}k19

lkkb we|oibg wixf xfk Emmink em xfk [bixkh ^xaxk~ X|{~xkk xe


223/293


224/293

ne{b~kc~ ne``kbx~" [bhk| xfk z|eze~kh me|` em e|hk| xfax~18

lkkb z|e}ihkh xe {~ abh xfax wk}k ag|kkh xe# wk fa}k xfk1;

|igfx xe |k}ikw lexf xfk `ebxfcy mkk~ abh xfk ne`zckxieb mkk1=

{bhk| xfk |ka~ebalckbk~~ ~xabha|h" I xfibo xfax ne{b~kc ib17

fi~ z|k~kbxaxieb ebcy |kmk|kbnkh xfk `ebxfcy mkk~ xfk`~kc}k~"16

XFK NE[\X4 Acc |igfx# xfabo ye{"19

@\" @n@AFEB4 Xfabo ye{"


225/293

e}k| nab ge me|wa|h eb D{bk 1;xf" Wk}k ag|kkh xfax wk wicc18

bex nfacckbgk xfk ~xabhibg em fi~ caw mi|` xe z{|~{k xfk1;

`exieb# abh wk webx eldknx xe xfk me|` em xfk `exieb"1=

@\" Hi^ZIGBA &XKCKZFEBIN)4 Xfax i~ ne||knx# Ye{|17

Febe|" M|khk|ino Hi^zigba"16

@\" @K\NFABX4 I lkcik}k xfax~ xfk ~nezk em e{|19

ag|kk`kbx"


226/293

z|kmk|# me| |ka~eb~ wfinf a|k el}ie{~# xfax za|xik~ lk ba`kh1

ib `exieb~ |axfk| xfab caw mi|`~ lkibg xfk `e}abx# abh Icc

@\" @K\NFABX4 ]k|y wkcc# Ye{| Febe|"8

@\" Hi^ZIGBA &XKCKZFEBIN)4 Xfabo ye{# Ye{| Febe|";

@\" @K\NFABX4 @axxk| b{`lk|


227/293

l|kanfk~ ly xfk hklxe| em ix~ ~k|}inibg elcigaxieb~ {bhk| xfk8

zeecibg abh ~k|}inibg ag|kk`kbx~" Hk{x~nfk wa~ ib xfk;

z|enk~~ em fa}ibg ab anne{bxabx ge xf|e{gf abh a{hix xfe~k=

|kne|h~ abh ~k|}inibg xe hkxk|ìbk wfax xfk kvxkbx em xfax7

ncai` i~# l{x xfk eldknxieb ibhinaxkh xfk ncai` ne{ch lk a~6

figf a~ (

e|hk| xfax Ye{| Febe| kbxk|kh eb xfk mi|~x hay z|e}ihk~ me|18

xfk hklxe| la~inaccy xe ne`zcy wixf xfe~k ibhk`biminaxieb1;

elcigaxieb~ {bhk| xfk ZÂ~" ê# xfky k~~kbxiaccy fa}k xwe1=

xyzk~ em ncai`~" Xfi~ ~xiz{caxieb la~inaccy ~kx~ me|xf a17

|k~k|}k em a nk|xaib aè{bx em m{bh~ m|e` xfk Na||ibgxeb ~ack16

xe z|exknx Hk{x~nfk abh xfk x|{~x ib xfk k}kbx xfe~k ncai`~19

a|k anx{accy accewkh {cxiàxkcy abh xe ~kx {z a z|exenec e|


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xfk x|ab~anxieb" Wixf |k~zknx xe xfk (1: ìccieb# wfax~18

kb}i~iebkh i~# Hk{x~nfk wicc fa}k# I xfibo# xicc D{cy >1# I1;

lkcik}k# Ye{| Febe|# za|ag|azf &6)# xe mibi~f xfk a{hixibg1=

abh anne{bxibg abh z|eh{nk la~inaccy a w|ixxkb ~{`à|y em17

wfax ix lkcik}k~ ix~ ~kn{|kh ncai` haàgk~ a|k" Xfkb xfk16

hklxe| abh xfk Ne`ìxxkk wicc fa}k 7; hay~ amxk| I` ~e||y#19

xicc Enxelk| ;xf xe la~inaccy abacytk xfax abh ne`k {z wixf


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ìccieb# abh ix naz~ xfk n{|k ncai` a~ xe xfk zexkbxiac8

~k|}inibg l|kanfk~ ax xfk (1: ìccieb" Bew I ~fe{ch `kbxieb#;

im Ye{| Febe| |knacc~ ca~x wkko# a cex em xfk nebx|anxibg=

za|xik~ fah mickh n{|k eldknxieb~ a~ em xfk haxk em xfk7

eldknxieb hkahcibk# abh wk fah xfax gaz zk|ieh# wfax wk nacc6

ix" Xfax gaz zk|ieh ~xicc kvi~x~ wixf Hk{x~nfk lkna{~k9

Hk{x~nfk hek~bx obew# ye{ obew# wfax~ geibg xe fazzkb1:

lkxwkkb bew abh nce~ibg" ê xfk ~xiz{caxieb |k~k|}k~11

Hk{x~nfk~ alicixy xe l|ibg xfe~k ncai`~# im ix hi~ne}k|~1:

aè{bx xfax wa~ a}aicalck# xfk |ai~k# im ye{ wicc# me|1

}a|ie{~ x|{~x m{bh ncaiàbx~" Xfax xfkb ckh xe wkcc# ix1

;88" Xfk hklxe|~ fa}k ~k}kb àde| \KZE za|xinizabx~"1

Xf|kk em xfk` hih bex eldknx xe xfi~ èxieb# abh xfax~

za|xik~ xe xfk hk}kcez`kbx em xfk e|hk| abh xfk èxieb abh8

~{zze|x ix" Xfe~k ibnc{hk N|khix ^{i~~k Mi|~x Le~xeb# Labo;

em A`k|ina# abh Hk{x~nfk Labo" Ibhkkh# wk fah a ~xiz{caxieb=

wixf Hk{x~nfk Labo xfax wa~ azz|e}kh ly xfk Ne{|x ax xfk ca~x7

fka|ibg xe hkac wixf ~e`k abnicca|y i~~{k~ ib}ec}ibg Hk{x~nfk6

Labo ib wfinf xfky ag|kkh xe ~{zze|x xfi~ èxieb" Ix wa~ ib9

I g{k~~ ix fah lkkb mickh ax xfax xi`k abh xfk we|o wa~ ib1:

z|enk~~" Wk ac~e fa}k |kanfkh ab ag|kk`kbx ib z|ibnizac wixf11

@e|gab ^xabcky# wfinf hih mick ab eldknxieb abh a ne{bxk|1>

abh z|emk~~iebac mkk~ abh ac~e a ~{zk|ahìbi~x|axi}k1

z|ie|ixy d{bie| xe xfk ~{zk|ahìbi~x|axi}k z|ie|ixy g|abxkh8

h|ezhkah haxk" Ix~ lkkb a zaibm{c z|enk~~ xe gkx xfax we|o1

hebk# abh I wabx xe kvzcaib wfy xfax i~ ib a mkw ìb{xk~# l{x;

xfky a|k le{gfx lano# zay ibxk|k~x# xyzinaccy hkbeìbaxkh xfk1

z|ink himmk|kbxiac" Xfk ag|kk`kbx~ }a|ikh ~{l~xabxiaccy a~

ceab~ h{|ibg xfk xi`k xfax xfk |kz{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx wa~ ~xicc8

kvxabx" ê`k em xfk` fah lcenokh anne{bx~ ~kx {z# àby hih;

bex" Xfe~k xfax fah lcenokh anne{bx~ xyzinaccy hih bex lceno=

xfk` {bxic ìh@a|nf" Abh acè~x {bime|`cy xfk \KZE7

za|xinizabx~ {bhk|~xeeh xfax |kg{ca|cy ~nfkh{ckh neccknxieb~6

em èbxfcy z|ibnizck abh ibxk|k~x m|e` xfk le||ewk|~ wkbx9

ibxe a gkbk|ac neccknxieb anne{bx# abh èbik~ wk|k ~kxxckh {z1:

èbxfcy amxk| xfk manx" Abh a~ a |k~{cx# wk fa}k a11

fehgkzehgk em ckgac ncai`~ ly xfk |kz{|nfa~k za|xinizabx~1

abh xfk lcenoagk em ab anne{bx a|k xfki| èbik~ e| xfki|18

neccaxk|ac# abh wk ac~e fa}k i~~{k~ a~ xe wfkxfk| e| bex1;

èbik~ xfax wk|k neccknxieb z|ie| xe xfe~k kvk|ni~k~ em1=

|k}kb{k~ a|k xfki| z|ezk|xy e| xfki| neccaxk|ac" Ceab17

z{|nfa~k|~ xyzinaccy we{ch l{y ceab~ m|e` Bkw Nkbx{|y abh ax16

xfk xi`k xfky z{|nfa~kh xfk`# ib~x|{nxieb~ wk|k gi}kb xe19

x|ab~mk| xfk ~k|}inibg m|e` Bkw Nkbx{|y @e|xgagk Ne|ze|axieb


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>=

xfky emxkb xfibo i~ d{bo àic" Ib aby k}kbx# ~e`k q{abxixy1

em èbky na`k ibxe xfk hklxe|~ z|kzkxixieb xfax wa~ agaib

z{|nfa~k|~ a~~k|x xfax i~ x|{~x z|ezk|xy fkch me| xfki|8

lkbkmix" I fa}k a ~xez" Lexf xfk |kz{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx~ abh;

xfk~k ag|kk`kbx~ me| xfk ~ack ceab~ fa}k x|{~x cabg{agk"=

Xfky fa}k cabg{agk xfax xfk hklxe|~ wicc fech èbik~ ib7

x|{~x" Xfk x|{xf em xfk àxxk| i~# xfe{gf# xfax xfk z|anxink6

a~ {bhk|~xeeh wa~ xfax èbik~ wk|k bex fkch ib x|{~x" Xfky9

wk|k z{x ibxe a gkbk|ac neccknxieb anne{bx# wfinf gkx~ `k xe1:

xfk mi|~x ~igbiminabx ckgac i~~{k abh ix~ ebk em x|anibg"11

Wk fah (8=#::: abh nfabgk ib xfi~ neccknxieb anne{bx eb16

i~ a leba mihk x|{k x|{~x a||abgk`kbx# wfinf i~ }k|y xe{gf xe1

k~xalci~f wfkb m{bh~ a|k ne`ìbgckh" I webx lexfk| xfk=


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81

xfax |kz{|nfa~k ag|kk`kbx~ me| fyl|ih~# a~ xfk Xfi|h Ni|n{ix1

~aih# xfky}k gex àby em xfk nfa|anxk|i~xin~# ib manx# è~x

xfk Ne{|x ceeokh ax a }a|ikxy em manxe|~ ibnc{hibg wfkxfk| e|8

bex xfk |kz{|nfa~k za|xinizabx fah xe fech xfk z|ezk|xy xfax;

wa~ q{exk# ~ech xe ix# ~ech ib q{exk~# e| wa~ m|kk xe=

hi~ze~k em ix" La~inaccy# xfi~ na`k {z eb xfk nebxkvx em7

kixfk| ge}k|b`kbx ~kn{|ixik~ e| Gibbik @ak~" I hebx |k`k`lk|6

wfinf# l{x ~ibnk xfe~k a|k k~~kbxiaccy m{bgilck# xfk9

|kz{|nfa~k l{yk| ne{ch x|ahk e{x xfe~k ge}k|b`kbx ~kn{|ixik~1:

a~ cebg a~ ix |kzcankh ix wixf ciok oibh# abh xfk Ne{|x ~aih11

xfax xfax wa~ ebk em xfk ~igbiminabx manxe|~ xfax we{ch a|g{k1

Wk|k bex a~oibg xfk Ne{|x xe hkxk|ìbk xfax ix i~ m{ccy18

ahkq{axk# l{x wk|k x|yibg xe k~xalci~f a mai| abh |axiebac1;

z|enkh{|k ~e xfax za|xik~ a|k bex ah}abxagkh ly lkibg è|k1=

cixigie{~ xfab exfk|~" Xfax~ acc I fa}k xe ~ay# Ye{|17

Febe|"16

XFK NE[\X4 Xfabo ye{"19

@\" ZEWK\4 Geeh amxk|beeb# Ye{| Febe|" @a|o Zewk|

8/2/2019

3 transcripts of new century mortgage bankruptcy hearings from may 2007

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