30 micro finance abhijit ray
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
1/12
3pf Gdpk~dhpgadhi Badck~kdbk ad Z{nigb Zaigbw # Lhdhmklkdp hp GGL) Nhdmhia~k
Rp~kdmpfkdgdm Gdrpgp{pgadr) Kdfhdbgdm Mask~dhdbk?Pfk Lgb~acgdhdbk Zk~rzkbpgsk
2:pf @kbklnk~ >:88 Hnfgogp ^hw) Ba,Ca{d`k~ # @g~kbpa~h~hwJ{dgp{rbhzgphi$bal
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
2/12
]fhp gr Ba~za~hpk Mask~dhdbk1
Ba~za~hpkMask~dhdbk
Kvkb{pgskr #Klziawkkr
Kx{gpw # @knpGdskrpa~r
B{rpalk~r
R{zzigk~rRabgkpw #
Kdsg~adlkdp
Mask~dlkdp Bkdp~hi)Rphpk #
L{dgbgzhi
Nah~` ac@g~kbpa~r
Sh~ga{r rphekfai`k~r glzhbpk` nw mask~dhdbk
Ba~za~hpk Mask~dhdbk gr h rwrpkl acrksk~hi z~abkrrkr) b{rpalr) zaigbgkr hd`
ih}r }fgbf p~w pa?
Z~apkbp gdpk~krpr ac hii rphekfai`k~r
Gdb~khrk hbba{dphngigpw
^k`{bk la~hi fhh~` grr{kr
Hbfgksk chg~dkrr hd` o{rpgbk
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
3/12
Chbpa~r Glzhbpgdm Mask~dhdbk
Nah~` ac @g~kbpa~r
Gdpk~dhi Badp~air!H{`gp
@kbkdp~highpgad ac Za}k~
^k}h~`gdm Lk~gp
Klziawkk [dgadr
^km{ihpa~
, ^kza~pgdm#
Balzighdbk
BalzkpgpgadGdskrpa~r
Gd`{rp~whrrabghpgadr
Lk`gh
KVPK^DHI
A~mhdghpgadKvpk~dhi
h{`gp
GDPK^DHI
Ball{dgpw Mask~dlkdp
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
4/12
Nh` Mask~dhdbk Kvhlzikr? Gdpk~dhpgadhi # Dhpgadhi
Gdpk~dhpgadhi Dhpgadhi
Mask~dlkdp
D{lk~a{r `gbphpa~rfgzr!pw~hddgbhi ~kmglkr ask~pf~a}d
nw ~ksai{pgadr gd LKDH
Z{pgd lhdhmgdm `klab~hbw gd ^{rrgh
Ba~za~hpk
Kd~ad
Gdrpgp{pgadhigk`) rwrpklhpgb hbba{dpgdm c~h{`
^kr{ipk` gd pfk b~khpgad ac pfk Rh~nhdkrAvikw Hbp:>
LBG ]a~i`bal
H lhrrgsk x{hdp{l &$26 nd' ac hbba{dpgdm c~h{` pa
z~az {z pfk rpabe z~gbk
^ho ^hoh~hpdhl Mhiikad M~a{z
Gdrg`k~ p~h`gdm gd baddgshdbk }gpf adk ac pfk }a~i`r
larp klgdkdp rp~hpkmw badr{iphdp , ^hohp M{zph
Mask~dlkdp
>M Rzkbp~{l Rbhl
[dhbba{dpk` ]khipf Rphrfk` Hn~ah`
Nkiih~w Lgdkr Rbhl
Ballad}khipf Mhlkr Rbhl
Ba~za~hpk
Fh~rfh` Lkfph Rbhl &877>' # Ekphd Zh~kef Rbhl
&>::8' Ih~mk rbhik lh~ekp lhdgz{ihpgad
[PG Rbhl &>::8'Rlhii gdskrpa~r c{d`r {rk` pa c{d`
ngm n{rgdkrr fa{rkr!o{de nad`r ca~ f{mk ballgrrgadr
Rhpwhl Rbhl &>::6'
Gdcihpk` ~kskd{kr5 ^r 3):::% b~a~k ac bhrf lgrrgdm
^kr{ipk` gd l,bhz k~argad ac 7:+% # ihpk~
hbx{grgpgad nw pfk Lhfgd`~h M~a{z
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Enron_Logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mci-Worldcom_logo.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Enron_Logo.svg -
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
5/12
B~gpgbhigpw ac Mask~dhdbk gd LCGr
Ba~za~hpk mask~dhdbk gr kskd la~k b~gpgbhi gd LCGr `{k pa zaigpgbhi) cgdhdbghi hd` b{rpalk~ rkdrgpgsgpgkr
Fgmfrphd`h~`r ac
ba~za~hpkmask~dhdbk
dkk`k`
Cgdhdbghi Rkdrgpgsgpgkr
[drkb{~k` ikd`gdm
Fgmf cgdhdbghi iksk~hmk
B{rpalk~ Rkdrgpgsgpgkr
Zaa~ zkazik
]alkd
Rksk~hi rkbpgadr!bhrpkr!~kigmgadr ac rabgkpw
Gdrphdbkr ac r{gbg`kr }fkd bh{mfp gd `knp p~hzr
Z~a`{bp z{rf rp~hpkmw
Zaigpgbhi Rkdrgpgsgpgkr
F{mk sapk nhder
Cgdhdbghi gdbi{rgad , h ekw cab{r h~kh ca~pfk Masp
Gdpk~krp ~hpk `knhpk
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
6/12
Mask~dhdbk Bfhiikdmkr gd LCGr
Lgb~acgdhdbkGdrpgp{pgadr
Klziawkkr #apfk~ gdpk~dhi
chbpa~r
B{rpalk~r
Mask~dlkdp #Zaigpgbr
Ikd`k~r!Gdskrpa~r
Lgr~kza~pgdm gdca~lhpgad pa
ikd`k~r!gdskrpa~r , gdcihpgdm
za~pcaiga) lgr~kza~pgdm `kch{ip bhrkr
Bfagbk ac kvpk~dhi h{`gpa~r
Mfarp iahdr cgbpgpga{r iahdr!na~~a}k~r
Phegdm rkb{~gpw `kzargpr c~al na~~a}k~r
hd` {rgdm gp pa kdfhdbk kx{gpw nhrk
kvzarkr pfk b{rpalk~ pa kx{gpw ~gre hd` LCG
pa zapkdpghi igx{g`gpw ~gre
Gdbkdpgsggdm m~a{z ikh`k~r!hmkdpr pa `a
baiikbpgad gd a~`k~ pa kdfhdbk kccgbgkdbw) pf{r
iargdm pa{bf }gpf na~~a}k~r
Rp~krrc{i kvzhdrgad ph~mkpr ca~ rphcc
ikh`gdm pa h`sk~rk rkikbpgad # ask~,ikd`gdm
KRAZr!Gdbkdpgskr pa klziawkkr ca~
hmm~krrgsk kvzhdrgad!baiikbpgad ~kr{ipgdm gd
lgr~kza~pgdm nw pfk rphcc
Ihbe ac z~azk~ GP gdc~hrp~{bp{~k badp~gn{pgdm
pa gdhbb{~hpk # `kihwk` ~kza~pgdm
Zaigpgbhi Dkv{r lhekr LCGr
r{rbkzpgnik pa nkgdm {rk` hr h
zaigpgbhi paai
Gdr{ccgbgkdp ~km{ihpgadr
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
7/12
Nah~` Kcckbpgskdkrr h Lhoa~ F{~`ik
Rkm~kmhpgad ac ~aikr ac BKA # Bfhg~lhd acpkd dapz~krkdp gd LCGr
Rp~adm hd` acpkd balzikpk gdci{kdbk ac z~alapk~ad pfk Nah~`
Hnrkdbk ac ~aphpgad zaigbw ac Nah~` lklnk~r
Ikrr klzfhrgr ad gdba~za~hpgad hd` rphccgdm acr{n ballgppkkr ac pfk Nah~`
Hnrkdbk ac }kii `kcgdk` ~aikr # ~krzadrgngigpgkrca~ Nah~` lklnk~r
Ck} fgmf z~acgik Nah~` lklnk~r zh~pgbgzhpgdm gdNah~`r ac 8;,>: cg~lr ikh`gdm pa {dhshgihngigpw
Ihbe ac rp~adm gd`kzkd`kdp `g~kbpa~r
Ba~za~hpk mask~dhdbkgrr{kr gd LCGr
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
8/12
Lgb~acgdhdbk B~grkr gd Gd`gh
E~grfdh B~grgr &>::3'
Cg~rp ngm b~grgr gd Gd`ghd LC rkbpa~
Bh{rk` nw z{rf ik` m~a}pf) l{ipgzik
na~~a}gdmr # {dih}c{i ~kbask~w
]a~rkdk` nw bihrfkr }gpf pfk rphpk,
~{d Ski{m{ z~am~hl
^kr{ipk` gd mask~dlkdp bihlz,`a}d
ad LCGr) h~~krp ac rphcc hd`
r{nrkx{kdp iarrkr ac nhdegdm hrrkpr
Eaih~ B~grgr &>::7'
LCG z~hbpgbkr &km }alkd lkkpgdm
}gpf {d~kihpk` lkd rphcc) magdm a{p
ac pa}d ca~ p~hgdgdm' # bfhdmgdm
mkd`k~ kx{hpgadr rzh~ek` ~kigmga{r
rkdpglkdpr gd h iabhi ball{dgpw
^kr{ipk` gd pfk ball{dgbhpgad mhz
n!} bigkdpr hd` LCGr }fgbf gd p{~d
h`sk~rkiw hcckbpk` zhwlkdpr
F{nig B~grgr &>:88'
Rph~pk` nw zaigpgbhi ikh`k~r
gdrpgmhpgdm zkazik pa `kch{ip ca~
zaigpgbhi lgikhmk
Hmm~hshpk` nw pfk chgi{~k ac iabhih`lgdgrp~hpgad gd badphgdgdm pfk
rgp{hpgad hd` phegdm hzz~az~ghpk
hbpgadr
Hmm~krrgsk Balzkpgpgad gd [Z
&>::=,:6'
Cg~rp ngm b~grgr gd Gd`ghd lgb~acgdhdbk
rkbpa~
Bh{rk` nw l{ipgzik na~~a}gdm hd`bak~bgsk ~kbask~w z~hbpgbkr
]a~rkdk` nw bihrfkr }gpf pfk rphpk,
~{d Ski{m{ z~am~hl
^kr{ipk` gd mask~dlkdp bihlz,`a}d
ad LCGr hd` h~~krp ac rphcc
Hd`f~h Z~h`krf B~grgr &>:8:'
Ngmmkrp b~grgr gd pfk lgb~acgdhdbk
rkbpa~ ac Gd`gh
P~gmmk~k` nw h sh~gkpw ac chbpa~r zaigpgbhi) cgdhdbghi hd` rabghi
Hpp~gn{pk` pa fgmfk~ gdpk~krp
~hpkr) {dih}c{i baiikbpgad
lkbfhdgrl) badpgd{k` lgrk~w ac
pfk ~{~hi zaz{ihpgad #
balzkpgpgsk zaigpgbr
Pf~khpkdk` lgb~acgdhdbk rkbpa~
dhpgad}g`k # ~kr{ipk` gd h rphpka~`gdhdbk
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
9/12
Kvhlzikr ac Maa` Ba~za~hpk Mask~dhdbk
Ohdhiherflg
Ikh`k~ gd p~hdrzh~kdbw
Dap,ca~,z~acgp fai`r pfk kdpg~k z~alapk~ rphek
L{ipg z~a`{bp cab{r pa kdigrp bigkdpkik }fa `adp fhsk
b~k`gp dkk`r
BNR! B^L zihpca~l! ngalkp~gb rlh~p bh~`r ca~l pfk
pkbfdaiamgbhi nhbenadk
Rp~admkrp lhdhmklkdp pkhl gd pfk LCG rkbpa~
Klgdkdp Nah~` badrgrpgdm ac gd`kzkd`kdp @g~kbpa~r ac
pfk igek ac R N Lhpf{~) ^hlh Ngohz{~eh~ # [`hw Bfgphik
Da KRAZr pa klziawkkr
Lhdd @krfg Lhfgih Nhde
Adk ac pfk cg~rp ~{~hi cgdhdbghi gdrpgp{pgadr
pa ~kbkgsk h baazk~hpgsk nhdegdm igbkdrk c~al ^NG
Ih~mkrp lgb~acgdhdbk nhde gd Lhfh~hrfp~h
Acck~r h sh~gkpw ac dad,cgdhdbghi rk~sgbkr cgdhdbghi hd`
n{rgdkrr lmlp p~hgdgdm) ball{dgpw ~h`ga) }alkdr fkhipf hd`
ch~lgdm }a~erfazr
KRHC Lgb~acgdhdbk
Adk ac pfk ikh`gdm lgb~acgdhdbk DNCBr gd Gd`gh
L{ipg,chbkpk` `kskiazlkdp cab{r ad k`{bhpgad) ~kphgi) fa{rgdm)
fkhipfbh~k) }hpk~) rhdgphpgad hd` igmfpgdm
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
10/12
Kvhlzikr ac Maa` Ba~za~hpk Mask~dhdbk &Badp`$'
Rhdmfhlgp~h! LW^H@H
Adk ac pfk kh~iw gddashpa~r ac pfk badbkzp ac RFMr5
B{l{ihpgsk ~kzhwlkdp ~kba~` &767+' rgmdgcgbhdpiw nkppk~
pfhd z~ga~gpw rkbpa~ za~pcaiga # ask~hii nhder za~pcaiga
[rk ac zh~pgbgzhpa~w hzz~hgrhi pkbfdgx{kr gd bigkdp
g`kdpgcgbhpgad) rglzigbgpw ac z~abk`{~kr!z~a`{bpr!~kzhwlkdp
[oogshd
Ia}k~k` gdpk~krp ~hpkr pa na~~a}k~r kskd nkca~k pfk HZ
b~grgr5 Rp~adm cab{r ad glz~asgdm azk~hpgadhi kccgbgkdbw
[oogshd `kbih~k` hr pfk }gddk~ ac pfk Lgb~acgdhdbk Gd`gh
A~mhdghpgad ac pfk wkh~ >:88 h}h~`
Lhgdiw cab{rkr ad zaa~ }a~egdm }alkd gd {~nhd hd`
rklg,{~nhd h~khr
Kx{gphr
Nahrpr ac c{iiw Gdpkm~hpk` K^Z Rwrpkl
Rksk~hi rpkzr phekd pa ~ksai{pgadgk ba~za~hpk p~hdrzh~kdbw
Adiw LCG pa z~gdp gpr hii,gdbi{rgsk gdpk~krp ~hpk , HZ^
Hd gdpk~dhi aln{`rlhd pa kdhnik lklnk~r pa `g~kbpiw
~khbf a{p pa pfk lhdhmklkdp pkhl
RE@^@Z
Rgvpf ih~mkrp lgb~a cgdhdbk gdrpgp{pgad gd Gd`gh
H}h~`k` pfk z~krpgmga{r Lgb~acgdhdbk Gd`gh H}h~` >:8:
^kbamdgk` ca~ gpr ia} azk~hpgadhi barpr)
kccgbgkdp h`lgdgrp~hpgad) ~hzg` rbhigdm {z) l{ipgch~ga{r
`kskiazlkdp hbpgsgpgkr # rabghi ballgplkdp
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
11/12
^km{ihpgadr # Zaigbgkr gd Lgb~acgdhdbk ? Gd`gh sr$ Hrgh
Rp~adm ~km{ihpa~w c~hlk}a~e gr pfk nhbenadk ac h ra{d` ba~za~hpk mask~dhdbk rwrpkl
Dkzhi
Nhdegdm ~km{ihpgadr }k~k kvpkd`k` pa LCGr `{~gdm
sk~w kh~iw zfhrk ac lgb~acgdhdbk rkbpa~r ksai{pgad
Zhegrphd
]kii `kcgdk` rwrpkl ac ~km{ihpgadr
hd` zaigbgkr badp~gn{pgdm pa maa`
ba~za~hpk mask~dhdbk
Nhdmih`krf
Sk~w ia} barp na~~a}gdm z~asg`k` nw hzkv Masp
hmkdbw &ZERC' }gpf rp~gdmr hpphbfk` pa gp
Bfgdh
Rp~adm r{zza~p c~al iabhi # dhpgadhi
mask~dlkdpr gdgpghiiw gd z~alapgdm
lgb~acgdhdbk5 r{zziwgdm cgdhdbghi)
f{lhd hd` a~mhdghpgadhi ~kra{~bkr
B~grkr gd Gd`ghd lgb~acgdhdbk rkbpa~ ba{i` fhsk nkkd
hsag`k` nw?
B~khpgdm rp~adm ~km{ihpa~w c~hlk}a~e
Z~asg`gdm masp r{zza~p ca~ c{d`gdm
Z~ahbpgskiw `grrklgdhpgdm gdca~lhpgad pa z{nigb hna{p
hbfgksklkdpr
Kdba{~hmgdm gdc{rgad ac kx{gpw bhzgphi nw `alkrpgb gdskrpa~r
Rkppgdm {z `alkrpgb rkk` bhzgphi c{d`r ca~ LCGr
Gdsaisgdm hii b~gpgbhi rphekfai`k~r
Lhdhmgdm nkppk~ z{nigb ~kihpgadr
D{~p{~gdm rp~adm mask~dhdbk # p~hdrzh~kdbw
-
8/3/2019 30 Micro Finance Abhijit Ray
12/12
Pfhde wa{(
X{krpgadr1