301AA-AdvancedProgramming[AP-2017]

Lecturer:AndreaCorradiniandrea@di.unipi.itTutor:LilloGalleBagalleBa@di.unipi.it

DepartmentofComputerScience,PisaAcademicYear2017/18

AP-2017-08: Components:theMicroso0way

Overview

•  TheMicrosoOapproachtocomponents•  DDE,OLE,COM,AcQveX,…•  The.NETframework•  CommonLanguageRunQme•  .NETcomponents•  ComposiQonbyaggregaQonandcontainment•  CommunicaQonbyEventsandDelegates

2

DistributedComponentTechnologiesThegoal:-  Integra(onofservicesforapplicaQonsonvariousplaYorms-  Interoperability:letdisparatesystemscommunicate

andsharedataseamlesslyApproaches:-MicrosoO:DDE,COM,OLE,OCX,DCOMandAcQveX-Sun:JavaBeans,EnterpriseJavaBeans,J2EE-CORBA(CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture)-Mozilla:XPCOM(GeckofuncQonalityascomponents)-SOAP(usingXML)

3

TheMicrosoOApproach

•  ConQnuousre-engineeringofexisQngapplicaQons

•  Componenttechnologyintroducedgraduallytakingadvantageofprevioussuccess,like– VisualBasiccontrols– Objectlinkingandembedding(OLE)– AcQveX,ASP

•  SoluQonsmainlyadoptedonMSplaYorms•  Reviewfromolderapproachesto.NET+CLR

4

Example from Microsoft environment (80’s)

•  Excel-generated pie chart embedded in a Word document displayed in a PowerPoint presentation

•  Different applications need to share data or procedures

5

DDE (Dynamic Data Exchange)

•  AliBlehistory:starQngwithevoluQonofMicrosoOapproach:–  WindowsgavePCsamoreaccessiblecompuQngenvironment–  Problem:lackofconsistencybetweendifferentprograms–  Whatifspreadsheetandwordprocessorneedtosharedata?

•  EarlysoluQonwasintegraQngsuitesintolargeprograms:–  e.g.,MicrosoOWorks–Prosandconsofsuiteapproach?

•  MicrosoOcomesoutwithDynamicDataExchange(DDE),circa1989–  LetsdifferentWindowsprogramssharedatathroughlinks–  Supposesomespreadsheetdatawerelinkedintowordprocessor–  Whenyouchangeddatainspreadsheet,thenewdatawouldappearinword

processor–  LimitaQon:youcouldn’tupdatethedatainthewordprocessor;youhadtoinvoke

thespreadsheettoupdatethedatethere–  Worse,linkswerefragileandwouldbreakifyoumoveddatafilesaroundinfile

system6

OLE (circa 1991)

•  Object Linking and Embedding –  Linking is essentially DDE, using reference semantics –  Embedding lets users copy a snapshot of data into word processor

and save it there –  Linking is cheaper when data files are large –  Embedding supports compound documents (“document-centric”

computing)

•  A way for Windows to create documents containing objects from other programs. –  E.g. place a chart from Excel and a slide from PowerPoint into

a Word document –  Components containers can be re-used by many applications –  But components do not make data independent of application

programs, and OLE is a platform-specific solution. 7

OLE Technology (circa 1993)

•  A set of APIs to create and display a (compound) document –  Now possible to share code as well as data

•  Component Object Model (COM) –  COM protocols let components connect to origination program: –  E.g. word processor can tell spreadsheet, “the user just clicked on the

spreadsheet, so start yourself up, look for data here, and let me know when you’re done.”

•  COM now includes OLE as part of a larger concept –  OLE becomes a set of standard COM interfaces

•  Embedded documents retain all their original properties –  If the user decides to edit the embedded data, Windows activates the

originating application and loads the embedded document

8

OLE Extensions (OCX)

•  With Windows 95 came a new standard: –  OCX (OLE Custom eXtension component) –  A piece of code, smaller than application program, but with its own

user interface –  Let users bundle OCX controls to form customized applications –  E.g., combine spell checker and synonym provider component to

make a new program –  Is this beginning to sound like object-oriented programming?

9

AcQveX(circa1996)

•  MicrosoOretoolsOLEandCOMasAcQveX–  AcQveXappliestoawholesetofCOM-basedtechnologies

•  AcQveXcontrolisMicrosoO'sanswertotheJavatechnologyfromSun–  AnAcQveXcontrolisroughlyequivalenttoaJavaapplet,butisknownasanAcQveXcontrol

•  WriQngaprogramtorunintheAcQveXenvironmentcreatesaself-sufficientprogramthatcanrunanywhereinAcQveXnetwork

•  ThiscomponentisknownasanAcQveXcontrol,andisoOenusedtoaBachaprogramtoawebpage

10

AcQveX-implementaQon

•  AnAcQveXcontrolcanbecreatedusingoneofseverallanguagesordevelopmenttools,includingC++andVisualBasic,orwithscripQngtoolssuchasVBScript.

•  NetworkOLEforrudimentarysupportofdistributedapplicaQons

•  AcQveXcontrolsoriginallywereWindowsonly–  OthervendorslaterprovidedMacandUnix/LinuxsupportforAcQveX

•  Securityissues:AcQveXcontrolshavefullfileaccess(nosandbox)–  CanbesignedforauthenQcaQon

11

CommunicaQonProtocolModels

– RemoteProcedureCall(RPC)Ø Since1980s,pioneeredbySunØ TesQngwithvariouscommunicaQonmodels

–  DistributedextensionofMSCOM(DCOM)Ø LetsCOMtalktootherplaYormsØ ComplexconfiguraQonandcomplicatedsecuritymodel

–  RemoteMethodInvocaQon(RMI)Ø CommunicaQonbetweenmethodsofJavaclasses

–  DrawbacksofRPC/RMIapproach?Ø PlaYorm-specific,proceduralandlow-level

12

.NETComponents

•  The.NETframeworkand.NETcomponents•  Typesof.NETcomponents,connecQonsofcomponents,anddeployments

•  Localanddistributedcomponents•  Aggrega(onandcontainmentcomposiQons•  SynchronousandasynchronousmethodinvocaQons

The.NETFramework•  IntroducedbyMicrosoOin2000.•  PlaYormforrapidandeasierbuilding,deploying,andrunningsecured.NETsoOwarecomponents

•  SupportforrapiddevelopmentofXMLwebservicesandapplicaQons

•  HighlyproducQve,component-based,mul(-languageenvironmentforintegraQngexisQngapplicaQonswithinternet

•  IncludesavirtualmachinethatprovidesanewplaYormforsoOwaredevelopment

Overviewof.NETFramework(cont.)

•  IncludessupportforXMLandSimpleObjectAccessProtocol(SOAP)todeploywebservices

•  Goal:supportdesktop,window,andweb-basedapplicaQonservicesonbothWindowsplaYormonotherplaYormsthroughSOAPandHTTP

•  .NETsimplifiesandimprovessupportforcomponentsdevelopmentanddeploymentw.r.t.ComponentObjectModel(COM),andDistributedCOM(DCOM)technology.

•  COMcomponentscanbereused.COMdoesnotsupportversioning(sidebysideexecuQon),whichmaycauseversionconflict(DLLHellproblem)..NETtechnologysupportscomponentversions,anddifferentversionscancoexistwithoutanyconflict.

Overviewof.NETFramework(cont.)

•  SupportofdistributedcomponentsbyRemo(ngChanneltechnology.•  InteroperabilitybetweenCOM,.NETandXMLwebservicecomponents.•  .NETwebserviceisareplacementofMSDCOMtechnologyforInternet

applicaQonssupportedbyXML,SOAPandHTTPprotocols.ItovercomesDCOM’slackofsupportforfirewall.

•  The.NETframeworkisavailablein.NETFrameworkSDKandVisualStudio.NETIDESDKwhichsupportwriQng,building,tesQng,anddeployingof.NETapplicaQons.Itsupportsall.NETlanguagessuchasVB.NET,VC.NET,C#,andothers.

•  The.NETframeworkconsistsoftwomainparts:CommonLanguageRun(me(CLR)andasetofunifiedframeworkbasicclasslibrariesincludingASP.NETwebformsforbuildingwebapplicaQons,WindowsFormsforbuildingdesktopapplicaQons,andADO.NETfordataaccess.

MicrosoOCLI(CommonLanguageInfrastructure):historicalnotes

•  WhenJavabecamepopularMicrosoOjoinedtheiniQaQve•  TheideawastoexploitthedynamicloadfeaturesofJVMto

implementacomponentbasedarchitecturelikeCOM•  Thereweretwomainproblems:

–  InteroperabilitywiththeexisQngcode(COM)–  Supportformanyprogramminglanguages

•  TheyextendedtheJVMbutSuncomplainedoflicenseinfringement

•  MicrosoOstarteddevelopingitsowntechnology•  ThiswasbasedontheirexperienceonJava,buttheytriedto

addressthetwoproblemsabove•  TheresultwastheCommonLanguageInfrastructure(CLI)•  ThecoreofCLIistheCommonLanguageRun(me(CLR)

whichplaysthesameroleastheJMVinJava

.NET Framework

ASP .Net(WebServices,

Webforms)

Windows Forms (Control, Drawing)

Basic.NET Class library --- mscorlib.dll

CLR (Common Language Runtime) mscoree.dll

CTS (Common Type System)

JIT (just In Time Compiler)

CLR Execution

Windows Platform

.Net Framework SDK

.Net Visual Studio

Class loader

CommonLanguageInfrastructure

CLRandJVM

•  Secure•  Portable•  AutomaQcMM(GC)•  Typesafety•  Dynamicloading•  ClassLibrary•  OOP

•  Mix-ininheritanceNotethattheessenQaltraitsoftheexecuQonenvironmentaresimilar,thoughtherearerelevantdifference

inthedesign

CLIhasbeenstandardized(ECMAandISO)andisasupersetofJava.WewillrefermainlytoCLR.

Anewlayertotheonion

ApplicaQonsMLRT

CRTApp1

AppnRT

OS Hw

App2

RunQmemediatesaccessbetweentheapplicaQonandOS

DifferentrunQmesimplementsinadifferentwayLPabstracQonssuchtypes:interoperabilityiscomplex

ApplicaQons

T1

T2

Tn

T3TlTm

CLR OS Hw

RunQmeexposesasupersetofOSServicesthroughtheBCL

ApplicaQonsaregroupoftypesinteracQngtogether

HowCLRworks

C#

C++

ML

VB

…

CIL

x86

Unmanaged

Managed

JIT

Managedx86

GC

CLR

Security

BCL

Loader

Typesystem

•  ExecuQonenvironmentssuchasCLRandJVMaredataoriented

•  AtypeistheunitofcodemanagedbytherunQme:loading,code,stateandpermissionsaredefinedintermsoftypes

•  ApplicaQonsaresetoftypesthatinteracttogether

•  OnetypeexposesastaQcmethod(Main)whichistheentrypointoftheapplicaQon:itloadstheneededtypesandcreatestheappropriateinstances

Javatypesystem

Object

interfaceT

intBasetypes

Class

String

T[]

classT

Javatypesystem•  Therearebasetypes:numbers,Object,StringandClass

(whichistheentry-pointforreflecQon)•  Typeconstructorsare:

–  Array–  Class

•  ThenumbertypesareunrelatedtoObjectwithrespecttoinheritancerelaQon

•  Thisappliestointerfacestoo,butobjectsthatimplementsinterfacesarealwaysinheritedfromobject

•  JavatypesystemisfarsimplerthantheoneofCLR

CLRtypesystem

Object

interfaceT

int Basetypes

Type

String

Array

classT

ValueType

T[]

Delegate DelegateT

Enum EnumT

StructT

CLRTypeSystem

•  Commonrooted:evennumbersinheritsfromObject•  Therearemoretypeconstructors:

–  Enum:constants–  Struct:likeclassbutwithoutinheritanceandstackallocaQon–  Delegate:typethatdescribesasetofmethodswithcommon

signature•  Valuetypes(numbersandstructs)inheritsfromobject.SQll

arenotreferencesandaren’tstoredontheheap•  Thetrickisthatwhenavaluetypeshouldbeupcastedto

Objectitisboxedinawrapperontheheap•  TheoppositeoperaQoniscalledunboxing

FoundaQonof.NETframework–CLR

•  CommonLanguageRun(me(CLR)isavirtualmachineenvironmentsivngonthetopofWindowsoperaQngsystem.

•  CLRconsistsofCommonTypeSystem(CTS),Just-In-TimeCILCompiler(JIT),VirtualExecu(onSystem,plusothermanagementservices(garbagecollec(on,securitymanagement).

•  CLRislikeJVMinJava.ItisassembledinapackageofassemblyconsisQngofMSIntermediateLanguage(MSIL)codeandmanifest(Metadataaboutthispacket).

•  TheCILcodeistranslatedintonaQvecodebyJITcompilerinCLR.ILcodeisverifiedbyCTSfirsttocheckthevalidityofdatatypeusedinthecode.

FoundaQonof.NETframework–CLR

•  Mul(languagesupport:(VB,managedC++,C#etc)byCommonLanguageCLRimplementaQon.

•  AclassinonelanguagecaninheritproperQesandmethodsfromrelatedclassesinotherLanguages.

•  TheCTSdefinesastandardsetofdatatypeandrulesforcreaQngnewtypes.–  Referencetypes–  Valuetypes

•  ThecodetargeQngCLRandtobeexecutedbyCLRiscalled.NETmanagedcode.AllMSlanguagecompilersgeneratemanagedcodesthatconformtotheCTS.

FoundaQonof.NETframework–CLR

•  TheCILcodeislikeJavabytecode.Regardlessofthesourceprogramminglanguages,ILcodescaninteractbysupportsoftheCLR.

•  TheILcodecanbeintheformatofexecutable(.EXE)orDynamicLinkLibrary(.DLL).

•  IftheseILcodesaregeneratedby.NETcompiler,theyarecalledmanagedcode.

•  Themanagedcodecanbeexecutedonlyon.NETawareplaRorm.SomeDLLorEXEgeneratedbynon.NETcompilers(suchasearlyversionofVC++)arecalledun-managedcode.

FoundaQonof.NETframework–CLR

Assembly in .DLL or .EXE

IL code

VB . Net C# . Net C++ . Net

VB .NetCompiler

C# .NetCompiler

C++Compiler

Class Loader and Type Verifier

JIT

Managed native code

CLR Execution Unit

Class Library

Deployment

CLR

CLR

•  TheCLRisahighperformanceexecuQonengine.Itprovidesacode-execuQonenvironmentwhichmanagesthecodetargeQngthe.NETframework.

•  Thecodemanagementincludesmanagementofmemory,thread,security,codeverificaQonandILcompilaQon.

The.NETFrameworkClassLibrary

•  The.NETframeworkclasslibraryisacollecQonofreusablebasicclasseswhicharewellorganizedbynamespaces.TheframeworkclasslibrarycollectsallclassesincludingWindowsFoundaQonClasses(WFC)intoasingleunifiedsetofclass

•  CorrespondtoJavaAPIandpackages•  Anamespaceconsistsofmanyclassesandsub-namespaces.It

isdeployedasacomponentclasslibraryitselfandisorganizedinacomponent–basedhierarchy.

•  The.NETframeworkitselfisbuiltupinacomponentmodel.

The.NETFrameworkClassLibrary

System

Console Object

Primitive Type Array String

IO

NET

Data

Web

XML

Remoting

Delegate

NameSpace

Class

………

………

The.NETFrameworkClassLibrary

•  Developerscancreatecustomnamespaces•  Anamespacecanbedeployedasanassemblyofbinarycomponents.

•  using <namespace>inC#orimport <namespace>inVBtoaccessclassesinanamespace.

TheComponentModelof.NET

•  CILDLLcomponentsarereplacingCOMComponents•  MSILRemoIngChannelsEXEcomponentsarereplacingDCOMComponent

•  WebServicecomponentsarenewSOAPcomponentsintendedtobecross-plaOorm,andcross-languagewebbasedcomponents.

•  The.NETcomponenttechnologyisunified-languageoriented.Any.NETcomponentisintheformatofpre-compiledMSIL,whichcanbebinarypluggedinbyanyotherMSILcomponentsoranyother.NETcompaQbleclients.

TheComponentModelof.NET

•  A.NETcomponentisasinglepre-compiledandselfdescribedCILmodulebuiltfromoneormoreclassesormulQplemodulesdeployedinaDLLassemblyfile.

•  Anassemblyconsistsofuptofourparts:1)Manifest(tableofinforecords):nameofassembly,keyinfoversion,strongname,cultureinfo,filesthatmakeupassembly,referencedependedassembliesexportedinfo.

2)Metadataofmodules3)CILcodeofmodule4)Resourcessuchasimagefiles.

TheComponentModelof.NET

•  AmodulehasCILcodeanditsmetadatabutwithoutmanifest.Notloadabledynamically.BuildingblockatcompileQmetobuildupanassemblyModulefile.Extension:.netmodule.

•  AnAssemblyismadeupbyoneormanyclassesinamodule.Assemblyhasamanifestfiletoself-describethecomponentitself.

•  Anassemblyhasafileextension.dllor.exeandisdynamicallyloadable.A.dllfileisnotexecutablejustlikeaclassfileisabytecodefilethatisnotexecutable.

TheComponentModelof.NET

•  Differenttypesofcomponents.– Visual–likeVisualBasiccontrolswhichcanbedeployedinatoolboxasaniconfor“draganddrop”inawindowformcontainer

– Non-visual–knownas.NETcomponent

TheComponentModelof.NET•  A.NETcomponentcanbe

–  Local(.dll),canonlybeaccessedlocally(withinsameapplicaQondomain),insamemachine

–  Remote(distributed)(.exe),canbeaccessedremotelyinsamemachineordifferentmachines.

•  A.NETDLLcomponentcanbedeployed–  asaprivatecomponent,whichknowsthetargetclient

–  asasharedpubliccomponent,whichdoesnotknowthetargetclient.

•  ADLLcomponentcanbeplugged-intoWindowsform,WebformofanotherDLLorapplicaQon.

Using Lib.dll NameSpace Lib

Test.dllor

Test.exe

Lib.dll

CLR Host

Reference

Compile Time

(b) At run time process

(a) At compile time processtest.dll or.exe Lib.dll

Application Domain

TheConnecQonModelof.NET

•  .NETcomponentcomposi(ons–  ComponentcomposiQonsenablethecomponentreuseineitheraggrega(oncomposi(onsorcontainmentcomposi(ons.

•  Containmentcomposi(ons:ifarequesttotheoutercomponentneedshelpsfromaninnercomponenttherequestisforwardedtothatinnercomponent.

•  Theoutercomponentdoesnotexposetheinterfaceoftheinnercomponent.

•  Theclientisblindofthehandleroftherequest.TheouterM2()delegatesarequesttotheinnerM()methodofinnercomponent

.NETaggrgaQoncomposiQons•  Inaggrega(oncomposi(ontheserviceofinnercomponenthandsoutitsservicedirectlytotheclientofoutercomponent.–  Theoutercomponentexposestheinterfacesofinnercomponent.

–  TheinnerM()methodofinnercomponentbecomespartofinterfacetotheoutercomponent

•  A.NETcomponentcanalsobecomposedbymixedaggregaQonsandcontainmentsinaflatstructureornestedcomposiQonsinmulQplelevelsindepth.

.NETcontainmentandaggregaQoncomposiQon

outer

inner

innerM()outerM2()

outer

innerinnerM()

outerM1()

Delegates

•  The.NETDelegateisamethodtype(areferencetoamethod)whichissimilartofunc(onpointerinC++,butitistype-safeandsecure.

•  Adelegatewilldelegateacontrolflowtoitsregisteredeventhandlerwhentheeventisraised.ExampleofdesignpaBernobserver(likeeventlistenerinJava).

•  AninstanceofaDelegatecanholdasta(cmethodofaclassoramethodofacomponentoramethodofanobjectitself.

•  TwotypesofDelegates:SingleCastorMul(Cast.

SingleCastDelegateASingleCastDelegatecanonlydelegateonemethodataQmeDelegate int MyDelegate();!!public class MyClass !{ public int ObjMethod() {- - - }!static public int StaticMethod () {- - - } }!!public class Drive { !Static public void Main() !{ Myclass c = new MyClass();! int x;! MyDelegate dlg = new MyDelegate(c.objMethod()); ! x=dlg();! dlg = new MyDelegate (MyClass.StaticMethod());! x=dlg();! }}!

SingleCastDelegate

•  Asseeninthisexample,MyDelegateisaDelegatewhichreferencesanymethodwithintreturntypeandwithoutanyparameter.

•  ThesignaturesofobjMethodandStaticMethodmatchtheDelegateMyDelegate.

•  Thefirstdlg()invokesobjMethodandtheseconddlg()invokestheclassmethodStaticMethod.

MulQCastDelegate•  AMul(CastDelegatehasavoidreturntypeandcanbindmulQple

methodsanditwillinvokethemintheorderofregistraQons.Example:

Delegate void MultiDelegate();!MultiDelegate mdlg = null;!mdlg += new MultiDelegate (Method1);!mdlg += new MultiDelegate (Method2);!!•  RegistraQonisdoneby+= DelegateoperaQonand

unregistraQonisdoneby-= operation.•  TheDelegateplaysaroleoflistener,andeventhandlermust

registerthislistenertobeabletohandletheeventoncetheeventisfired.

ThecommunicaQonofComponentsbyEventandDelegate

•  Aneventisamessagesentbyanobject(theeventsource)toinvokeanacQon.Theobjectthatinterceptstheeventandhandlesitistheeventtarget.

•  Event-drivencommunica(onmodelbetweencomponentsorwithinsamecomponent.

•  TheDelegateclassisthecommunicaQonchannelclassbetweeneventsourceandeventtarget.

•  EventscanbepredefinedsuchaseventstriggeredbyaWindowsFormcomponent.Adevelopercanalsodefineacustomevent.

ThecommunicaQonofComponentsbyEventandDelegate

1.  Createadelegateclass.PublicdelegatevoidDelegateStart();

2.  Createaclasscontainingadelegatefield,ClassMyClass{publiceventDelegateStartEventStart; ---

3.  DefineaneventhandlerpublicvoidhandleEvent(){---}

4.  Binddelegateeventwitheventhandlerviaeventlistener,triggeranevent,invoketheeventhandler.

PublicstaQcvoidMain(){MyClassEventObj=newMyClass(); EventObj.EventStart+=newDelegateStart(handleEvent); EventObj.EventStart(); ___

}

RemoQngConnectorsfor.NETDistributedComponents

•  AcomponentoraclientcannotdirectlyaccessaremotecomponentrunningindifferentapplicaQondomaininsameordifferentprocessesunlessusingRemoQngchannelconnecQon.

•  Themarshalingmakesitpossibletoinvokearemotemethodofadistributedcomponent.

•  Therearetwowaystomarshalanobject:inMBV(MarshalbyValue)serverpassesacopyofobjecttoclientorinMarshalbyReference(MBR)clientcreatesaproxyofaremoteobject.

•  Whenaremotecomponentmustrunataremotesite,MBRistheonlychoice.

•  SimilartoRMIinJava

RemoQngAsynchronousCallbackInvocaQonBetweenDistributed.NETComponents

•  TheRemoQngasynchronouscallbackisbasedonRemo(ngDelegate.ItwillnotblockouttheclientwhilewaiQngfornoQficaQonfromremotecomponents.

•  Forexample,someonewantstobenoQfiedoncethestockpricesreachesaspecifiedlevel.InsteadofpoolingthestockpricealltheQme,whynotlettheservernoQfyyouandyoucandowhateveryouwanttodo.

•  Insomeothercases,thejobsonserverwilltakeverylongtocomplete,whynotlettheservernoQfyyouwhenthejobisdone.

•  Whenclientmakesasynchronouscalltoremotemethodofremotecomponent,itpassesacallbackmethodtoservertobecalledbacklatethroughRemo(ngDelegate.

NETComponentDeployments

•  A.NETcomponentcanbedeployedasprivatecomponentorpublicsharedcomponentinanassemblyfile.Theassemblyisanatomicdeployment(distribuQon)unitin.NETFramework.

•  Aprivatecomponentknowsthecomponentwhereitwillbeplugged-in.Apublicsharedcomponentdoesnotknowwhichcomponentwilluseitself.

•  Itmustbepublished(registered)inacentralizedrepositoryGlobalAssemblyCache(GAC).Asharedcomponentsupportsside-by-sidemulQpleversioncomponentexecuQon.

PrivateDeployment

•  APrivatecomponentmustbedeployedinasamedirectoryofitsclientorsub-directoryofwheretheclientis.Itisthesimplestdeploymentdonebycopyingallcomponentstowheretheclientis.

•  Theundeploymentisdonebysimplyremovingallrelated.dllcomponentsfromthedirectory.Aprivatecomponentdoesnotsupportversioningcontrolandforin-housedevelopmentwithinacompany.Thefollowingshowsanexampleofprivatedeployment

Publicshareddeployment

•  Themostpopularreusablecomponentdeploymentistodeployacomponentwithastrongname,toregisteritwithGAC.

•  Asharedcomponentwithstrongnamecanmakeitselfuniquebypublic/privatekeypair.AsharedcomponentregisteredwithGACcanmakeitselftobesharedanywhere.