31.2 immune system key concept the immune system is a body system that fights infection and prevents...
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31.2 Immune System
KEY CONCEPTThe immune system is a body system that fights infection and prevents illness.
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31.2 Immune System
Many body systems protect you from pathogens.
• Many other tissues and systems help the immune system.– Skin: Physically block pathogens from entering the
body. – Mucous membranes: Found in the nose and throat;
Traps particles before they enter. – The circulatory system: Transports cells of the immune
system.
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31.2 Immune System
Cells and proteins fight the body’s infections.
• White blood cells attack infections inside the body.– Phagocytes: Cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens. – T cells: Destroys infected body cells. – B cells: Produces antibodies.
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31.2 Immune System
• Three types of proteins fight off invading pathogens.– Complement proteins weaken pathogen membranes.– Antibodies: Protein that causes pathogens to clump or
become ineffective. – Interferon: Proteins that stop viruses from reproducing.
antibody
pathogens
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31.2 Immune System
Immunity prevents a person from getting sick from a pathogen.
• In all immunity, pathogens are destroyed before you get sick.
• Passive immunity occurs withoutan immune response.
Passed through:– mother’s milk– genetics
• Active immunity is gained after
the body undergoes a specific
immune response.
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31.2 Immune System
BOTH
• Prevent future illness if the body becomes infected!
• Lytic Infection is an infection pathway in which the host cell bursts, releasing the new viral offspring into the host’s system, where each then infects another cell.
• In a Lysogenic infection, a phage combines its DNA into the hosts cell’s DNA.