35

Examples from Mali, the DR Congo and Pakistan

Cash Transfer Programming in Insecure Environments

44 countries44 countries

MaliMali

Democratic Republic of CongoDemocratic Republic of Congo

PakistanPakistan

Assessments and AnalysesAssessments and Analyses

• Needs Assessment

• Market Assessment

• Security Analysis

• Governance and Social Dynamics Analysis

Delivery MechanismsDelivery Mechanisms

• E-transfers/ e-vouchers

• Smart cards (debit, credit, ATM, SQuid, etc.)

• Direct cash delivery

• Cheques

• Third party delivery (hawala, remittance offices, MFIs, etc.)

MALIMALI Cash VouchersCash Vouchers

• Context: 2012 -2013 emergency food needs – political instability

• Targeted: 2,315 HHs (1st round)

1,312 HH (2nd round)

• Size and frequency: USD $70/month x 3 mos. (1st round)

USD $90/month x 2 mos. (2nd round)

MALIMALI Cash VouchersCash Vouchers

• Challenges:

– Basic infrastructure

– Sharia law for first six months

– New conflict Jan 2013 as Malian and French militaries took control of N. Mali

• Outcomes: – 100% bought food

– 100% bought hygiene items

– 10% bought animal feed

Lessons Learned from Mali

From Haiti to Nepal

Electronic Voucher Assistance Program (ELEVATE)

DR of CONGODR of CONGO Electronic Cash VouchersElectronic Cash Vouchers

• Context: Long-term conflict, 2013 recent fighting and displacement, basic needs

• Targeted: 2,000 HHs total

(377 HHs first fair)

• Size and frequency: USD $80/one-time

DR of CONGODR of CONGO Electronic Cash VouchersElectronic Cash Vouchers

• Challenges:

– Basic infrastructure

– Displacement

– Distance between beneficiaries and markets

– No functioning financial institutions in the area making moving money difficult

– No widespread public communications systems

Lessons Learned from DR of Congo

PAKISTANPAKISTAN Cash for WorkCash for Work

• Context: 2010 massive flooding

• Targeted: 27,085 HHs–19,917 two rounds of CFW–7,168 one round of CFW

• Size and frequency: –Two rounds of CFW

–Cash Working Group set wages

–$74 per 21 days of work

PAKISTANPAKISTAN Cash for WorkCash for Work

• Challenges:

– Basic infrastructure (roads, network)

– Tools

– Insecurity

– Culturally-appropriate work for women

• Outcomes: Cash used for…– Food and debt repayment

– Housing rehabilitation

– Healthcare

Lessons Learned from Pakistan

Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments

• Assessments are critical

• Beneficiary Selection Challenges– Transparency, neutrality – Community Complaint Mechanism is important

• Vendor Selection Challenges– Door-to-door, community meeting, public posting– Transparency important for security– In crises, vendors may also be considered beneficiaries

Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments

• Delivery Mechanism Selection – Delivery mechanism tailored to local context– Time and cost (faster and safer, possibly more expensive)

• Project monitoring– Project monitoring more difficult in insecure contexts– Community complaint mechanisms are important– Diverse staffing is essential

THANK YOUTHANK YOU