351 lecture 9
DESCRIPTION
Via Center for NewsTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sources
Week 8
![Page 2: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Take-home style exam
• Submitted on Turnitin.com
• Available November 2
• Due November 8
• Short answer and essay on material presented up to Week 6.
• Study guide now online
Midterm Exam
![Page 3: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Says Who?
Critical Evaluation of Sources interviewed
for News Reports
![Page 4: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ü What is her/his self-interest?
ü Does anyone else say so?
ü Is it verified fact, or assertion?
ü How would this source know?
ü Who, exactly, is this source?
Smart Questions About Sources:
![Page 5: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Critical Thinking is…Critical Thinking skills:
![Page 6: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why Sources Matter
![Page 7: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What Are the ConsequencesWhen The Press Gets it Wrong?
U.S. Invades Iraq to Capture WMD
![Page 8: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Why Critical Thinking About Sources Matters
![Page 9: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
To Be Fair…
"Saddam Hussein has spent the be1er part of this decade, and much of his na7on's
wealth, not on providing for the Iraqi people, but on developing nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and the missiles to
deliver them."
President Clinton, Jan. 27, 1998.
![Page 10: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
To Be Fair…
"Iraq is a long way from [here], but what happens there ma1ers a great
deal here. For the risks that the leaders of a rogue state will use nuclear,
chemical or biological weapons against us or our allies is the greatest security
threat we face."
Madeleine Albright, Feb. 18, 1998.
![Page 11: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
To Be Fair…
"Fateful decisions will be made in the days and weeks ahead. At issue is nothing less than the fundamental ques7on of whether or not we can keep the most lethal weapons known to mankind out of the hands of an unreconstructed tyrant and aggressor …”
Sen. Joe Biden (D, DE), Feb. 12, 1998
![Page 12: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
To Be Fair…
"He will use those weapons of mass destruc7on again, as he has ten 7mes since
1983."
Sandy Berger, Clinton Na7onal Security Adviser,
Feb. 18, 1998
![Page 13: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
“The problematic articles varied in authorship and subject matter, but many shared a common feature. They
depended at least in part on information from a circle of Iraqi informants, defectors and exiles bent on ‘regime
change’ in Iraq, people whose credibility has come under increasing public debate in recent weeks.”
May 26, 2004
![Page 15: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
üWhat is her/his self-interest?
üDoes anyone else say so?
üIs it fact, or assertion?
üHow would this source know?
üWho, exactly, is this source?
Today: Five Smart Questions About Sources:
![Page 16: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Named Sources Are Better Than Unnamed Sources
Authoritative/Informed Sources Are Better Than Uninformed Sources
Independent Sources Are Better Than Self-Interested Sources
Sources Who Verify Are Better Than Sources Who Assert
Multiple Sources Are Better Than Single Sources
(Mnemonic Device: I’M VAIN)
![Page 19: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Independent Sources Are Better Than
Self-Interested Sources
![Page 20: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Self Interest vs. Selfishness Intellectual
Religion/poli7cs Familial/Roman7c
Financial
![Page 21: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A Self-interested source…
![Page 22: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
An Independent source
![Page 23: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Independence: Rival Praises Finding
Decoded DNA Reveals Details Of Black Death GermScien/sts have used DNA lurking inside the teeth of medieval Black Death vic/ms to figure out the en/re gene/c code of the deadly bacterium that swept across Europe more than 600 years ago, killing an es/mated half of the popula/on...
The Natural History Museum of Denmark's Thomas Gilbert is one of the scien/sts who tried to find plague DNA in Black Death vic/ms in the past without success. He says the new technique used in this study is exci/ng and the analysis is compelling. "It's a great result. It looks very, very convincing," Gilbert says. "There's no reason why the data shouldn't be real."
![Page 24: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
How is this source self-‐interested?Does that mean the story is unreliable?
NYT – (October 13, 2011) People with eaFng disorders like anorexia have opened up a new baKleground in the insurance wars, tesFng the boundaries of laws mandaFng equivalent coverage for mental illnesses.
![Page 25: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Independent Sources Are Better Than Self-Interested Sources
![Page 26: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Independence: A Ruthless Standard
![Page 27: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Multiple Sources Are Better Than Single Sources
![Page 28: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Multiple Sources vs. Lone Source
![Page 29: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Multiple Sources Trump a Lone Source?
![Page 30: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Reconstructing the Blackwater Incident in Nusoor Square
![Page 31: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
In Pursuit of TruthBlackwater shooting
![Page 32: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Sources Who Verify Are Better Than
Sources Who Assert
![Page 33: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The Tokyo ci/zens’ group…in consulta/on with the Yokohama-‐based Isotope Research Ins/tute, collected soil samples from near their own homes. Some of the results were shocking: the sample that Mr. Hayashida collected under shrubs near his neighborhood baseball field in the Edogawa ward measured nearly 138,000 becquerels per square meter of radioac/ve cesium 137, which can damage cells and lead to an increased risk of cancer.
Verifying or Asserting?
![Page 34: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Verifying or Asserting?
![Page 35: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Sources Who Verify vs. Sources Who Assert
![Page 36: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Just Like We Always ask:
“Did the Reporter Open the Freezer?”
You can also ask”“Did the Source
Open the Freezer?
A Corollary to Last Week’s Lesson:
![Page 37: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Authoritative/Informed Sources Are Better Than
Un-informed Sources
![Page 38: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Authoritative vs. Uninformed
![Page 39: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Authoritative/Informed Sources vs. Un-informed Sources
![Page 40: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Named Sources Are Better Than
Unnamed Sources
![Page 41: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Who Was ‘Deep Throat’?
The Most Famous Unnamed Source in History
![Page 43: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Who Was ‘Deep Throat’?
The Most Famous Unnamed Source in History
![Page 44: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Who Was ‘Deep Throat’?
The Most Famous Unnamed Source in History
![Page 45: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Characterizing Unnamed Sources
![Page 46: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Vaccines are Dangerous?Sez Who?
![Page 47: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Evaluating Anonymous Sources
TransparencyCharacterization
Corroboration (evidence/sources)
![Page 48: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Evaluate The Sources
![Page 49: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Sources Outlets
![Page 50: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Evaluate The Source
![Page 51: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Judging the Reliability of Sources
Named Sources Are Better Than Unnamed Sources
Authoritative/Informed Sources Are Better Than Uninformed Sources
Independent Sources Are Better Than Self-Interested Sources
Sources Who Verify Are Better Than Sources Who Assert
Multiple Sources Are Better Than Single Sources
(Mnemonic Device: I’M VAIN)
![Page 53: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Evaluate Sources
Key Lesson:
Evaluate Sources
Evaluate Sources
![Page 54: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Evaluate SourcesTo Find Reliable Information
With Which You:Make a decision
Take ActionMake a judgment
![Page 55: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Preparing to Deconstruct the News
1) What Do I Know?
2) How Do I Know It?
3) What Don’t I Know?
![Page 56: 351 lecture 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052214/5550a34ab4c9058b208b4df2/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
• Take-home style exam
• Submitted on Turnitin.com
• Available November 2
• Due November 8
• Short answer and essay on material presented up to Week 6.
• Study guide now online
Midterm Exam