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4 Sports Psychology

1. Which one of the following is correct about the formation of skills and abilities?A. Skills and abilities are both learnedB. Skills are learned; abilities are inheritedC. Skills are inherited; abilities are learnedD. Skills and abilities are both inherited

2. Which one of the following correctly classifies the skill of badminton serving?A. Closed, basic, self-pacedB. Closed, complex, externally-pacedC. Open, basic, externally-pacedD. Open, complex, self-paced

3. Which one of the following correctly classifies the skill of passing in netball?A. Closed, basic, self-pacedB. Closed, complex, externally-pacedC. Open, basic, externally-pacedD. Open, complex, self-paced

4. Which one of the following correctly classifies the skill of swimming start?A. Closed, complex, self-pacedB. Closed, basic, externally-pacedC. Open, basic, externally-pacedD. Open, complex, self-paced

5. Which one of the following correctly classifies the skill of archery?A. Closed, fine, self-pacedB. Closed, gross, externally-pacedC. Open, fine, externally-pacedD. Open, gross, self-paced

6. Which one of the following correctly identifies the reasons why a free-throw in basketball is a closed skill?

A. There are oppositionB. There are spectatorsC. There is the same environmentD. There is a different court

7. Which one of the following correctly identifies the reasons why a pass in football is an open skill?

A. There are oppositionB. There are spectatorsC. There is the same environmentD. There is a different pitch

8. Which one of the following is an example of a performance goal for a 100-metre sprinter?

A. Winning the race

© Subject Support 2016.

B. Getting a good startC. Beating their personal bestD. Being in front at half way

9. Which one of the following is an example of an outcome goal for a footballer?A. Scoring a goalB. Completing a hat trickC. Making 50% of tacklesD. Winning the match

10.Which one of the following is the correct meaning of the A in the acronym SMARTER?

A. AgreedB. AssuredC. AchievableD. Accredited

11.Which one of the following is the correct meaning of the M in the acronym SMARTER?

A. ManageableB. MeasureableC. MeaningfulD. Mature

12.Which one of the following places the four components of information processing in the correct order?

A. Decision-making; output; feedback; inputB. Input; decision-making; output; feedbackC. Feedback; decision-making; input; outputD. Output; feedback; decision-making; input;

13.Which one of the following is NOT a sense used in input during physical activity?

A. SoundB. VisionC. BalanceD. Taste

14.Which one of the following NOT an example of feedback during physical activity?

A. Seeing the ball hitting the back of the netB. Hearing the crowd cheerC. Feeling that you made perfect contact with the ballD. Wearing the correct size boots

15.Which one of the following definitions of types of guidance is incorrect?A. Visual - seeing a demonstrationB. Verbal - hearing the coach's instructionsC. Manual - Feeling the movementD. Mechanical - using an aid to help performance


16.Which one of the following correctly identifies the four types of guidance that may be used by a teacher?

A. Visual, verbal, manual, mechanicalB. Manual, physical visual, verbalC. Verbal, mechanical social, visualD. Mechanical, verbal, mental, manual

17.Which one of the following is the best form of guidance to use with beginners learning a safe new skill?

A. VerbalB. VisualC. ManualD. Mechanical

18.Which one of the following is the best form of guidance to use with beginners learning a dangerous skill?

A. VerbalB. VisualC. MechanicalD. Physical

19.Which one of the following is a form of manual guidance?A. Using arm bands to help a performer swim B. Using a trampoline harness to assist a beginner somersaultC. Guiding a tennis stroke by holding the performers wristD. Using a bowling machine to improve batting technique in cricket

20.Which one of the following is a form of mechanical guidance?A. Using a kicking tee in rugbyB. Teaching the triple jump down in three stagesC. Placing a target on the court when practising serving in badmintonD. Wearing fins to improve swimming speed

21.Which one of the following is a form of negative feedback?A. Missing a shot in footballB. The crowd shoutingC. The teacher saying what you did wrongD. Dropping a catch in cricket

22.Which one of the following is NOT a form of knowledge of results?A. Being chosen to take the penalty flick in hockeyB. The crowd cheering a successful basketball shotC. The umpire signalling that you hit a boundary in cricketD. Being told the distance you achieve in the long jump

23.Which one of the following correctly identifies the types of feedback being received when a player hears the crowd cheer as they make a good tackle?

A. Extrinsic; knowledge of resultsB. Intrinsic; knowledge of results


C. Extrinsic; knowledge of performanceD. Intrinsic; knowledge of performance

24.Which one of the following correctly identifies the types on feedback being received when a golfer feels that their swing was correct?

A. Extrinsic; knowledge of resultsB. Intrinsic; knowledge of resultsC. Extrinsic; knowledge of performanceD. Intrinsic; knowledge of performance

25.Which one of the following correctly identifies the type of guidance and feedback needed by a beginner?

A. Visual and extrinsicB. Mechanical and knowledge of performanceC. Visual and knowledge of resultsD. Mechanical and intrinsic

26.Which one of the following correctly identifies the type of guidance and feedback needed by an elite performer?

A. Manual and intrinsicB. Verbal and knowledge of performanceC. Manual and knowledge of resultsD. Verbal and extrinsic

27.Which one of the following is a correct definition of arousal?A. An intent to harmB. The drive to succeedC. The way a person behavesD. A state of excitement

28.Which one of the following is a correct definition of motivation?A. A state of excitementB. An intent to harmC. The drive to succeedD. The way a person behaves

29.Which one of the following is a correct definition of aggression?A. The drive to succeedB. An intent to harmC. The way a person behavesD. A state of excitement

30.Which one of the following is a correct definition of personality?A. A state of excitementB. An intent to harmC. The drive to succeedD. The way a person behaves

31.Which one of the following is NOT true of the inverted U theory of arousal?A. Different skills require different levels of arousal


B. As arousal increases, so does performanceC. There is an optimal level of arousalD. Too much arousal will cause a decrease in performance

32.Which one of the following statements concerning arousal is correct?A. Fine skills need high levels of arousalB. Gross skills need low levels of arousalC. Fine skills need low levels of arousalD. Gross skills need medium levels of arousal

33.Which one of the following statements concerning arousal is correct?A. Archery would need high levels of arousalB. Rugby tackling would need low levels of arousalC. Putting in golf would need low levels of arousalD. Shot putting needs medium levels of arousal

34.Which one of the following is NOT a method of controlling arousal?A. Positive self-talk B. Deep breathingC. Mental rehearsalD. Jogging

35.Which one of the following is NOT an example of positive self-talk?A. A footballer telling a colleague that they are playing wellB. A golfer reassuring herself that she can hole a puttC. An athlete in the blocks telling themselves that they are good enough to winD. A netballer quietly encouraging herself to score, for example ‘Come on you

can do this’

36.Which one of the following is NOT an example of the use of mental rehearsal?A. Controlling arousal by thinking about a successful rugby conversion B. Controlling arousal by pretending to place a penalty into one corner of the

goalC. Controlling arousal by imaging playing a cricket shot D. Controlling arousal by visualizing the action of throwing a javelin.

37.Which one of the following is correct about aggression?A. Indirect aggression is making contact with an opponent without being seenB. Direct aggression involves physical contactC. Indirect aggression involves physical contactD. Direct aggression is trying to make contact with an opponent, but missing

38.Which one of the following is correct about personality types? A. Extroverts tend to play sports where play is slowB. Introverts tend to play individual sportsC. Extroverts rarely become captainsD. Introverts need high levels of arousal

39.Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of an introvert?A. Easily over-aroused


B. ShyC. ThoughtfulD. Prefer team sports

40.Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of an extrovert?A. Prefer team gamesB. EnthusiasticC. Easily boredD. Quiet

41.Which one of the following is correct about intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?A. Intrinsic motivation comes from othersB. Extrinsic motivation comes from withinC. Intrinsic motivation comes from withD. Extrinsic motivation is better than intrinsic

42.Which one of the following is NOT a reason for suggesting that intrinsic motivation is more powerful than extrinsic?

A. Performers can become too reliant on extrinsic motivationB. Excessive intrinsic motivation can lead to insufficient extrinsic motivationC. Intrinsic motivation is more likely to lead to continued effortD. The overuse of extrinsic motivation can undermine the strength of intrinsic

motivation


5a Socio-cultural Influences

1. Which one of the following is NOT a stereotypical view of women?A. They lack the strength to do the same sports as menB. They should be in the house looking after the childrenC. They should avoid sport as activity might damage their ability to give birthD. They are unable to play sport because of a lack of opportunities

2. Which one of the following is a barrier to increasing participation by women?A. There are some really good facilities for women’s activitiesB. Women get the same levels of media coverage as menC. Most families are very supportive of female participantsD. Sport is primarily male dominated

3. Which one of the following is the most likely reason for the high number of ethnic minority players in the England football team?

A. Ethnic minority performers have more opportunity to play footballB. Ethnic minority performers have more fast-twitch muscle fibresC. Ethnic minority performers have more role models in footballD. Ethnic minority performers have more muscles in their legs

4. Which one of the following explains how a person's socio-economic group may be a factor affecting participation?

A. Participation is free to those still in schoolB. Teenagers usually leave home after finishing schoolC. There is a financial cost for participating in adult lifeD. Older people tend to regularly participate because its cheap

5. Which one of the following explains how age may be a factor affecting participation?

A. Young children tend to spend time in front of the televisionB. Teenagers usually leave home after finishing schoolC. There is a post-school drop outD. Older people tend to regularly participate to maintain their fitness

6. Which one of the following explains how peer group may be a factor affecting participation?

A. Young children tend to spend time in front of the televisionB. Many people play the same sport as their friendsC. Teenagers usually leave home after finishing schoolD. Many people regularly participate in sport to maintain their fitness

7. Which one of the following explains how role models may be a factor affecting participation?

A. Young children tend to spend time in front of the televisionB. Teenagers usually leave home after finishing schoolC. Young people often take up a sport that they see on televisionD. Many people regularly participate in sport to maintain their fitness

8. Which one of the following is NOT a type of disability?


A. Dental impairmentsB. Mobility impairmentsC. Sensory impairmentsD. Mental impairments.

9. Which one of the following is NOT an example of an adapted sport?A. Wheelchair basketballB. Amputee footballC. GoalballD. Blind cricket

10.Which one of the following is NOT a benefit of integration for disabled people?A. More adapted sportsB. Reduced possibilities of discrimination C. Less stereotyping D. Fewer barriers.

11.Which one of the following is NOT a barrier to participation?A. Sexism at facilitiesB. Cultural restrictions C. Lots of media coverageD. Lack of leisure time

12.Which one of the following is NOT a barrier to participation?A. Lack of familiarity with an activityB. Limited educational opportunitiesC. Low levels of disposable incomeD. Lots of family support

13.Which one of the following is NOT a barrier to participation?A. A negative attitude to participation B. No suitable role modelsC. Difficult access to facilitiesD. Limited costs to participate

14.Which one of the following is a positive effect of media coverage?A. Attendances fallB. Minor sports are not shownC. Loss of privacy for performersD. Encourages participation

15.Which one of the following is a positive effect of media coverage?A. Easier to attract sponsorshipB. Changes to timing of eventsC. Sensational media coverageD. Changes to rules

16.Which one of the following is a negative effect of media coverage?A. Develops role modelsB. Supporters are better informed


C. Encourages participationD. Changes to the playing season

17.Which one of the following is a negative effect of media coverage?A. Spectators want to see best playersB. Only a few sports shownC. Develops personalitiesD. Multiple cameras to aid experience

18.Which one of the following is a correct definition of discrimination?A. Unjust treatment of a group of peopleB. Involving everybody in participationC. Preconceived opinion not based on reasonD. Making sports available for everybody

19.Which one of the following best describes the influence of leisure time on participation?

A. Time when free from commitmentsB. Limited time due to long working hoursC. Shorter working weekD. More leisure time means more opportunity

20.Which one of the following identifies a factor that may limit a school's PE programme?

A. TraditionB. Good facilitiesC. Variety of PE teacher’s expertiseD. Sufficient funding

5b Commercialisation of physical activity and sport

1. Which one of the following correctly identifies the parts of the 'golden triangle'?

A. Media, sport, spectatorsB. Sport, sponsors, businessC. Business, spectators, mediaD. Sponsors, media, business

2. Which one of the following correctly defines commercialisation?A. Where a company pays money in return for advertisingB. Introducing a product to the marketC. A form of communicationD. Trying to benefit others

3. Which one of the following identifies the role of spectators in commercialisation?

A. They watch sportB. They support their teamC. They attend the matches D. They wear a teams' shirt


4. Which one of the following identifies the role of sponsorship in commercialisation?

A. Sponsors attend matchesB. Sponsors invite guests to matchesC. Sponsors are associated with the teamD. Sponsors drive company cars

5. Which one of the following is NOT a reason why sponsors sponsor sport?A. PhilanthropyB. InvestmentC. Tax deductionsD. Publicity

6. Which one of the following is NOT a main reason why sport is often shown on TV?

A. Cheap to showB. Lots of excitementC. Few breaksD. Bright colours

7. Which one of the following is NOT an effect that media coverage on sport?A. Changes to kick off timesB. Changes to seasonsC. Changes to rulesD. Changes to weather

8. Which one of the following is a reason why sport is popular for television companies?

A. CompetitiveB. Complex rulesC. Matches last over an hourD. Simple to show

9. Which one of the following forms of media is the most interactive?A. Social mediaB. RadioC. NewspapersD. Television

10.Which one of the following is NOT a media for watching live sport?A. Games consolesB. InternetC. You tubeD. Mobile phones

11.Which one of the following is a negative aspect of commercialisation for a performer?

A. Sponsors demandsB. High income


C. Becoming a role modelD. Free kit

12.Which one of the following is a benefit of commercialisation to a performer?A. Loss of privacyB. Limitations of contractsC. Media intrusionD. Improved performance

13.Which one of the following is a benefit of commercialisation for a sport?A. Improved training facilitiesB. Sponsors influence strategic decisionsC. Money is only for the 'big' sportsD. New kits are worn every year

14.Which one of the following is a negative aspect of commercialisation for a sport?

A. Improved performancesB. Improved facilitiesC. More TV coverageD. More advertising demands

15.Which one of the following is a negative effect of commercialisation for officials?

A. Become professionalsB. Increased media coverageC. Travel the worldD. Career opportunities

16.Which one of the following is a negative effect of commercialisation on spectators?

A. Better standards of performanceB. Improved facilitiesC. More interactionD. Increased attendance costs

17.Which one of the following is NOT a positive impact of technology on the performer?

A. Improved performanceB. Better PEDsC. Faster recovery from injuryD. Better safety equipment

18.Which one of the following is NOT a positive impact of technology on the sport?

A. Increased costsB. Better equipmentC. More accurate decisionsD. Better spectating experience


19.Which one of the following is NOT a positive impact of technology on the officials?

A. More correct decisionsB. Improved communicationsC. Delays to decisionsD. Professional officials

20.Which one of the following is NOT a positive impact of technology on the spectators?

A. Improved viewing experienceB. Frequent postponementsC. More informed spectatorsD. Choice of what to view

21.Which one of the following is NOT a positive impact of technology on the sponsors?

A. More opportunities to advertiseB. More gamesmanshipC. On-pitch logosD. Increased profits

5c Ethical Issues

1. Which one of the following is the correct definition of gamesmanship?A. Bending the rules to gain an advantageB. Breaking the rules to gain an advantageC. Obeying the rules to gain an advantageD. Changing the rules to gain an advantage

2. Which one of the following is the correct definition of sportsmanship?A. Using dubious methods to gain an advantageB. Breaking the rules to gain an advantageC. Playing to the strict letter of the rules D. Playing fair

3. Which one of the following is an example of gamesmanship?A. A 'professional' foulB. Sledging in cricketC. Diving in footballD. Arguing with the referee

4. Which one of the following is an example of sportsmanship?A. Appealing for a throw-inB. Time-wasting C. Kicking the ball out for an injured playerD. Arguing with the referee


5. Which one of the following is the correct definition of the contract to compete?A. Agreeing to play by the rules, trying to win and allowing your opponent to playB. Signing on to play for a certain team C. Being selected for the GB Olympic team D. Changing your mind and deciding to play for another club

6. Which of the following types of PEDs are most likely to be used by an endurance athlete?

A. Anabolic agentsB. Beta-blockersC. StimulantsD. Peptide hormones

7. Which of the following types of PEDs are most likely to be used by a sprinter?A. Anabolic agentsB. Beta-blockersC. StimulantsD. Narcotic analgesics

8. Which of the following types of PEDs are most likely to be used by a golfer?A. Anabolic agentsB. Beta-blockersC. StimulantsD. Peptide hormones

9. Which of the following types of PEDs are most likely to be used by a boxer?A. Anabolic agentsB. DiureticsC. StimulantsD. Blood doping

10.Which one of the following is a potential harmful effect of blood doping?A. DehydrationB. Slow heart rateC. Increased blood viscosity D. Liver and heart damage

11.Which one of the following is a potential harmful effect of stimulants?A. DehydrationB. Slow heart rateC. Increased blood viscosity D. Addiction

12.Which one of the following is a potential harmful effect of anabolic agents?A. DehydrationB. Slow heart rateC. Increased blood viscosity D. Liver and heart damage


13.Which one of the following is a potential harmful effect of taking narcotic analgesics?

A. Possible comaB. Slow heart rateC. Increased blood viscosity D. Liver and heart damage

14.Which one of the following is a potential advantage for a performer taking PEDs?

A. Risk of getting caughtB. Better performanceC. Potential loss of earningsD. Damage to reputation

15.Which one of the following is a potential disadvantage for a performer taking PEDs?

A. Unlikely to get caughtB. Better performanceC. Increased earningsD. Damage to reputation

16.Which one of the following is NOT a potential disadvantage to a sport of a performer taking PEDs?

A. Loss of income from sponsorsB. Loss of credibilityC. Loss of fixturesD. Loss of role models

17.Which one of the following correctly identifies the benefits of home-field advantage?

A. Playing under pressure to winB. Intimidating atmosphere for the visitorsC. Increased levels of arousalD. Hearing your name being shouted out

18.Which one of the following correctly identifies hooliganism?A. Violent behaviour by football playersB. Bad behaviour by fans at rugby matchesC. Long queues at matchesD. Violent behaviour by football fans

19.Which one of the following is NOT a potential cause of hooliganism?A. Adverts breaking up sports on TVB. Rivalry between local teamsC. Frustration with refereeing decisionsD. Gang culture


20.Which of the following is NOT a possible cure for hooliganism?A. All-seater stadiaB. Alcohol banC. Segregation of fansD. Playing matches in mid-week

21.Which of the following is NOT a possible cure for hooliganism?A. More policeB. Playing matches on a SundayC. Banning travelling fansD. CCTV cameras

6 Health and Fitness

1. Which one of the following correctly identifies the components of health?A. Physical, social and environmentalB. Social, environmental and mentalC. Mental, physical and socialD. Environmental, social and physical

2. Which one of the following correctly defines fitness?A. The ability to keep goingB. The ability to cope with the demands of the environmentC. The ability to push yourself to winD. The ability to cope with physical, mental and social demand

3. Which one of the following is NOT a physical health benefit of taking part in physical activity?

A. Improves your heartB. Reduces the risk of diabetesC. Increases stressD. Provides enjoyment

4. Which one of the following is NOT a benefit of physical activity on mental health?

A. Reduces stressB. Release of feel-good hormonesC. Allows emotions to be controlledD. Increased fitness

5. Which one of the following is NOT a benefit of physical activity on social health?

A. Opportunities to socialiseB. Danger of injuriesC. Encourages working with others


D. Learn to co-operate

6. Which one of the following is NOT a ‘lifestyle choice?A. SmokingB. AlcoholC. ExerciseD. Education

7. Which one of the following is NOT a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle?A. Gaining weightB. High blood pressureC. Friendship groupsD. Insomnia

8. Which one of the following is NOT a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle?A. DiabetesB. ObesityC. LethargyD. Income

9. Which one of the following is NOT a method for estimating whether a person is obese?

A. WeightB. Body Mass IndexC. Percentage body fatD. Percentage above standard weight for height

10.Which one of the following is NOT an effect of obesity on health?A. Heart diseaseB. BuoyancyC. DiabetesD. Hypertension

11.Which one of the following is a suitable activity for an ectomorph?A. JavelinB. Shot putC. High jumpD. 100m sprint

12.Which one of the following best describes the body shape of a mesomorph?A. Very tallB. Wedge-shaped bodyC. High fat contentD. Narrow shoulders

13.Which one of the following best describes the body shape of an endomorph?A. Very tallB. Wedge-shaped bodyC. High muscle contentD. Round middle


14.Which one of the following is the average number of Calories required by an adult female?

A. 1000B. 2000C. 3000D. 4000

15.Which one of the following in not a factor affecting the number of Calories required by an individual?

A. GenderB. AgeC. ActivityD. Income

16.Which one of the following correctly defines what is meant by the term balanced diet?

A. Eating plenty of food B. Eating lots of fruit and vegetablesC. Eating different food-types to provide suitable nutrientsD. Eating equal quantities of different food-types

17.Which one of the following identifies the recommended percentages of different food-types?

A. 35% carbohydrates; 25% fat and 40% proteinB. 60% carbohydrates; 25% fat and 15% proteinC. 40% carbohydrates; 35% fat and 25% proteinD. 25% carbohydrates; 45% fat and 30% protein

18.Which one of the following correctly identifies the main function of carbohydrate in the body?

A. It is the body’s main source of fluidsB. It is the main muscle producing food sourceC. It is the main food source for the skeletonD. It is the body’s preferred energy source

19.Which one of the following correctly identifies the main function of fat in the body?

A. It is the body’s main source of fluidsB. It is the main muscle producing food sourceC. It is the main food source for some vitaminsD. It is the body’s preferred energy source

20.Which one of the following correctly identifies the main function of protein in the body?

A. It is the body’s main source of fluidsB. It is the main muscle producing food sourceC. It is the main food source for the skeletonD. It is the body’s preferred energy source


21.Which one of the following correctly identifies the main difference between vitamins and minerals?

A. Minerals are inorganic; vitamins are organicB. Minerals are from plants; vitamins are from animalsC. Minerals are from fruit; vitamins are from vegetablesD. Minerals are soluble; vitamins are insoluble

22.Which one of the following correctly identifies an effect of dehydration?A. You gain weightB. Your temperature dropsC. Heart rate slowsD. Blood thickens


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