3d –graphics and animation
DESCRIPTION
3D –graphics and animation. About modeling… Harri Airaksinen;. Modeling; coordination. Axels (right-handed coordination system) – fingers direction Rectangular coordinate system or Cartesian coordination versa spherical or azimuthal coordinate system Origon Direction of positive axels - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1
3D –graphics and animation
About modeling…
Harri Airaksinen;
2
Modeling; coordination
Axels (right-handed coordination system) – fingers direction
Rectangular coordinate system or Cartesian coordination versa spherical or azimuthal coordinate system
Origon Direction of positive axels Global- and local coordination's. Where do
you need local coordinate system?
3
Modeling; basic primitives
Different 3D systems has their own set of basic primitives and their parameters (value, can be integer or some other data), example: Cube: Height, width, length, color, surface material,
reflection, transparency – can you say any more?
How to transfer 3D models between different systems? It’s a hard business – there are standards, de-facto DXF
4
3D Studio Max - DXF
0SECTION 2HEADER 9$ACADVER 1AC1021 9$ACADMAINTVER 70 1 9$DWGCODEPAGE 3ANSI_1252 9$INSBASE 100.0 20… and so on
5
Modeling; mathematics
Math is behind everything …. specially in 3D Matrix- and array calculation (corner points and
surfaces between them) Spatial integrals Lightning models and algorithms Reflection and collision algorithms “Everything is already invented? “
6
Modeling; surfaces
“There is no circle – only number of polygons”
The quality of display depends how you have set it up – more polygons = heavier model must optimize the models
Famous Utah teapot
7
Modeling; polygons
8
Modeling; editing
Editing means changing spatial matrix values Scaling (Uniform Scale/Non Uniform Scale) –
relative scaling or scaling via axel direction Moving (value can be given as absolute from global
coordinates or local movement from current location)
Rotating, remember right-handed coordinate system – take axel on your hand, finger will tell the positive rotation direction
Tools for editing (based on 3D system) – using mouse, keyboard, object lists…
9
Perspective
Projection plane Parallel projection – perspective angle Perspective can be controlled via camera lenses
10
One more thing about scene
You can fix your user 3D modeling user interface – don’t do before you know what you do!
11
3D camera movement directions; terms
Names are coming from movie industry (think that camera is picturing you)
Dolly, a translation of the camera along its X (side direction) Tilt, a rotation of the camera around its X axis. May called also a
pitch (as in airplanes pitching) Boom, a translation along its Y axis (up - down)
Pan (yaw), a rotation around its Y axis Truck, a translation along its Z axis (toward – away)
Roll, a rotation around its Z axis Zoom, a special type of camera move where only the
camera's simulated focal length is modified but its position and orientation remain untouched (same effect as truck)
12
Anything else to remember?
• Save different versions of your 3D models• Remember backups Max’s autobackup/default 5 min. Customize Preference settings• File Set Project folder• File Summary info
13
Sketches - drafts
Modeling starts with drawing sketches Pen and paper is still very good tools for
sketching Do you know how to draw, everybody can make
sketches Using 2D painting/drawing tools – use of
scanning Modeling dimensions – model allways using real
dimensions – what about if the model is kilometers wide? submodels
14
Sketches - drafts
Final Year project; Panu Aatrokoski - Seikkailupeli Odot Tamat On (2007)
Pen sketches and the finalmodel
15
The use of a line
Important basic primitive when you define 3D object shapes and other characteristics
Easy to create using today’s modeling tools Straight lines (polygonal lines) used to
create polygons and polygon meshes
16
Controlling lines
17
Controlling lines – 3D Studio Max
Modifier – and mouse right buttonCircle -> Modifier -> house right button -> convert toeditable…
18
Modeling – input devices
Command nputs: Mouse -- 3D mouse --- & key board, still Digit tables (sketching and 2D – also 3D, if modeling
application supports)
19
Short movies - Pixar
http://www.pixar.com/shorts/ http://profile.imeem.com/j6a57z/video/vBvL
51C-/pixar_the_birds/
20
Surfaces and primitives
Surface Basic primitives Editing basic primitives Free form modeling
21
Using 2D shapes to build 3D objects
Extrusion or sweeping) – 3D Studio Max, Lofting
• Line = path• Circle = out lines of the surface• Select path Compound Object Get Shape = Circle
Editing:• Modifier Deformation example. scale
22
Using 2D shapes to build 3D objects
Lathe
• Edge line• Modifier Modifier List Lathe
Editing:• Modifier example. Axis
23
Other methods to create surfaces
Editing basic primitives – editable meshes Mathematical models (Starr, random, fractal) Terrain Compound Object (3D Studio Max)
24
Object parameters
Select object, mouse right, object parameter
25
Handling objects
Locking – Freezing Hiding Copy or Instance or Reference object Mirror 3D -text
26
Volume models
3D Studio Max makes surface models only
There are 3D applications, which can do volumetric modeling = cube is “solid” – closed, solid material. If you cut solid object, the cutting edges can be seen correctly