3d product models and ifc of iai - jacic · 3. 3d product models 4. ifc of iai 5. product models...

Nobuyoshi Yabuki (c) 2005 1

3D Product Models and IFC of IAI

Nobuyoshi Yabuki, Ph.D., P.E.Associate ProfessorDept of Civil Eng & Arch

Muroran Inst of Tech, Hokkaido, Japan

January 28, 2006, at Akasaka Prince Hotel

Asia Construction IT Round Table Meeting


OUTLINE

1. Introduction2. Data Models3. 3D Product Models4. IFC of IAI5. Product Models Developed by Yabuki

Laboratory6. Civil Engineering Group of IAI Japan Chapter7. Conclusion


1. IntroductionProblems in civil engineering

•Fragmentation•Inefficient information exchange•Site construction•Public•Many stakeholders•Low productivity

Comparison of Labor Productivities (Unit: Yen/Man/Hour)

2,8175,0232002

3,7143,5311990

ConstructionManufacturingYear


Design CheckingSystem

3D CADSystem

EstimationSystem

ConstructionPlanning

System

Structural Analysis System

Design Generation

System

ConstructionManagement

System

MaintenanceSystem

Islands of AutomationMuch data are stowed away.

In the life cycle of civil infrastructures, many systems are used.


Data sharing among various systems to increase the efficiency.Data input mistakes decrease.

Data ModelData Model

Therefore, a data model is needed.

Design CheckingSystem

Structural Analysis System

Design Generation

System

3D CADSystem

EstimationSystem

ConstructionPlanning

System

ConstructionManagement

System

MaintenanceSystem


2. Data Models1970s

•IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification)1984

•Object-oriented technology•Not just CAD standard, necessity of data models for objects was identified.

•Not just 2D, but 3D for representing geometry of objects.•US: PDES (Product Data Exchange Standard)•Europe: ISO, TC184, SC4, ISO-10303，STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data)

1991•PDES was merged with ISO-STEP.

Application Protocols and EXPRESS, EXPRESS-G were developed in ISO-STEP. However, in construction related area, the 3D model development was late.


IFC of IAI1994

Autodesk started IAI (Industry Alliance for Interoperability) for developing classes for buildings in C++ with 12 companies in the US.

1995

IAI invited other companies and foreign countries.

1997

IAI changed its name to International Alliance for Interoperability and became an international organization for developing Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for Architecture, Engineering & Construction (AEC).


In Japan, Construction CALS/EC1995

Ministry of Construction started CALS/EC Research Group．

1996

JACIC founded CALS Center.

Data exchange formats for mainly 2D drawings, documents and photos.

Product models proposed by other organizations

• JHDM by Japan Highway Agency

• SYMPHONY by Japanese steel bridge manufacturers, etc.


3. IFC of IAIBuilding Smart MissionIAI is an alliance of organizations dedicated to bring about a coordinated change for the improvement of productivity and efficiency in the construction and facilities management industry (Building Smart). Our members engage in national-industrial programmes that aim to change the organisation, process and technology of the industry.

• IFC : an object-oriented data model developed by IAI• IFC enables data sharing between CAD & non-CAD applications

• Publicly Available Specification (PAS) of ISO TC184 SC4 since November 2002.

• De facto standard as a product model for buildings• The current version of IFC is Release 2x Edition 2, IFC2x2.


11 Chapters of IAI, 24 Countries, 447 organizations(as of October 14, 2005)

Currently the IAI has the following chapters, listed in the order establishment. They all contribute actively to the overall development of the IAI.

•North American Chapter•German Speaking Chapter•UK Chapter •Japanese Chapter •Singaporean Chapter•Nordic Chapter•French Speaking Chapter•Australasian Chapter•Iberian Chapter•Italian Chapter•Chinese Chapter


IfcColumn

LocalPlacement

OtherAttributesName

IfcRepresentationItem

IfcPropertySetElastic Modulus

NameYield Point

Unit Weight

Steel Type

IfcPropertyDefinition

Name

IfcRoot

IfcRelationship

NameIfcProduct

ProductDefinition

Shape

LocalPlacement

OtherAttributesName

Wideflangeshape

Line Surface Solid

Item

IfcObject

OtherAttributesName

Name

Linking

Linking

ProductDefinition

Shape

Basic elements of IFC


4. Product Models Developed by Yabuki Laboratory at Muroran Inst of Tech

4.1 A Product Model for PC Bridges

We first developed our own product model for prestressedconcrete bridges.

However, we decided to develop product models based on IFC of IAI.

We added necessary classes to IFC and modified it.


(ABS)IfcSpatialStructureElement

IfcBuildingIfcBuildingStorey

IfcSite

(ABS)IfcProduct

(ABS)IfcElement

(ABS)IfcBuildingElement

(ABS)IfcObject

(ABS)IfcRoot

IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure

IfcBeam IfcColumn

(ABS)IfcRelDecomposes

IfcRelAggregates

(ABS)IfcRelationship

(ABS)IfcRelDefines

(ABS)IfcPropertyDefinition

(ABS)IfcPropertySetDefinition

IfcPropertySet

IfcRelDefinesByProperties

(ABS)IfcRelConnects

RelatedObjects S[1:?](INV)IsDefinedBy S[0:?]

RelatingObject(INV)IsDecomposedBy

RelatedObjects S[1:?](INV)Decomposes S[0:?]

RelatingPropertyDefinition

(INV)PropertyDefinitionOf S[0:1]

RelatingStructure(INV)ContainsElements S[0:?]

RelatedElements S[1:?]

(INV)ContainedInStructure S[0:1]

IfcText

IfcLabel

Description

Name

IfcGloballyUniqueId

IfcOwnerHistory

GlobalId

OwnerHistory

IfcProductRepresentation

ObjectPlacementIfcObjectPlacement

Representation

ObjectType

IfcIdentiferTag

IfcLabel

IfcIdentifer

IfcElementCompositionEnum

LongName

CompositionType

IfcSlab

SlabTypeEnum

PredefinedType

IfcProperty

HasProperties S[1:?]

ConcreteProperties

VoidProperties

PrestressingStrandProperties

AnchoringDeviceProperties

RebarProperties

SheathProperties

SlabOfBridgeConcreteStructureElement

SlabType

SlabTypeEnum

FixingType CableType

(ABS)CivilStructureElement

Void

PrestressingStrandAnchoringDevice

Rebar

FixingTypeEnum CableTypeEnum

Sheath

Classes added by usClasses added by us

Civil Engineering Civil Engineering Member ClassesMember Classes

Property SetsProperty Sets

Building Class

Building Member Classes

IFC 2x

IfcRelContainedInIfcRelContainedInSpatialStructureSpatialStructure

IfcRelDefinesByPropertiesIfcRelDefinesByProperties


Integration and Application

Rebar CoverChecking System

Converter I

Converter II

3D-CADSystem

PC BridgeStructural

Design System(UC-1 of Forum8)

Converter III

3DProductModel

In order to check the validity and practicality of the developed product model, the product model was integrated with three application systems, and they were applied to a design case.

AutoCAD


Design Application: Analysis, Code Checking

Converter III

U/I of UC-1 of Forum 8

Representing necessary data for analysis and detailed design


Sheath

Rebar Interference Solid

Prestressing Strand


A rebar that violates

the cover provision

Zoom


4.2 A Product Model for Steel Girder Bridges and Virtual Reality

(ABS)IfcSpatialStructure

Element

IfcBuilding

PlateGirder

(ABS)IfcProduct

(ABS)IfcElement

(ABS)IfcObject

(ABS)IfcRoot


(ABS)IfcRelDecomposes

IfcRelAggregates

(ABS)IfcRelationship

(ABS)IfcRelDefines

(ABS)IfcPropertyDefinition

(ABS)IfcPropertySetDefinition

IfcPropertySet

IfcRelDefinesByProperties

(ABS)IfcRelConnects

RelatedObjects S[1:?](INV)IsDefinedBy S[0:?]

RelatingObject(INV)IsDecomposedBy

RelatedObjects S[1:?](INV)Decomposes S[0:?]

RelatingPropertyDefinition(INV)PropertyDefinitionOf S[0:1]

RelatingStructure(INV)ContainsElements S[0:?]

RelatedElements S[1:?](INV)ContainedInStructure S[0:1]

IfcText

IfcLabel

Description

NameIfcGloballyUniqueId

IfcOwnerHistory

GlobalId

OwnerHistory

IfcProductRepresentation

ObjectPlacementIfcObjectPlacement

Representation

ObjectType

Tag

IfcLabel

IfcIdentifer

IfcElementCompositionEnum

LongName

CompositionType

IfcProperty

HasProperties S[1:?]

(ABS)IfcBuildingElement

IfcBeamIfcColumnIfcSlabSlabTypeEnumPredefinedType

(ABS)IfcElement

ComponentIfcFastener IfcMechanical

Fastener

(ABS)IfcFeauture

Element

(ABS)IfcFeautureElement

SubtructionIfcOpeningElement

IfcRelVoidsElement

IfcRelConnectsElements

IfcPositiveLengthMeasure

IfcPositiveLengthMeasure

NominalDiameter

NominalLength

RelatedBuildingElement

RelatedOpeningElement(INV)VoidsElements

IfcIdentifer

RelatedElements

RelatingElements

PlateGirderType

OhterSteelBuiltupElement

BuiltupElementType

PlateGirderTypeEnum

(ABS)CivilStructureElement

SteelShapeElement

SteelPlateElement

PlateMemberType PlateMemberTypeEnum

ShapeMemberType ShapeMemberTypeEnum

BuiltupElementTypeEnum

BoltProperties

NutProperties

WasherProperties

WeldingProperties

拡張したクラス

継承クラス

必須属性オプション属性


Immersion in Virtual Reality

Left eye Right eye

A Design System Using Virtual Reality


106cm

Transmitter

Receiver

Liquid crystal shutter glasses

Boundary of transmitter

System Layout


Changed color by clicking the object．

VR-CAD based on Java-3D


4.3 4D Data Models

Converter

4D CAD System

3D CAD System

Converter

Process Model Product Model

Converter

Earned Value Management System

Cost Estimation SystemUnit Prices

SPI, CPI,

Quantities

Schedule

Schedule System


Microsoft Project

An instance file of Process Model

Retrieved data from MS Project

Current work performed

Previous pay day

Current pay day

Converter


Section(B)

Section(C)

Section(D)

Section(A)

Section(E)

Product model Process model

ConverterAutoCAD LDT


EVMSMicrosoft Project and Visual Basic are linked by OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) function.

Finish

Start

High cost

Fast

High cost

Slow

Low cost

Fast

Low cost Slow


Phase 1 Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4Phase 5

4D Modeling

4.4 Application of 4D model for Analysis and Construction


Comp. fixed

Hor. fixed

Stairway

Phase 1

Phase 3

Phase 4 (Water jet)

Phase 2 (Water jet)

Phase 5


5. IFC-BRIDGE• Coincidentally, IAI French Speaking Chapter developed their bridge product

model around the same time we did. They proposed their model to IAI and named it IFC-BRIDGE. There were similarities between our model and theirs.

• I visited SETRA (Service d’Etudes Techniques des Routes et Autoroutes), which is the developer of IFC-BRIDGE to discuss bridge product models in April 2004.


6. Civil Engineering Group of IAI Japan Chapter

• In November 2004, Civil Engineering Group of IAI Japan Chapter was founded.

• We have obtained funds for Joint Research with France from JSPS and French Government.

• We visited France to merge our product model with the French IFC-BRIDGE in September 2005.

• French group visited Japan to meet us and give presentations to us.


IFC-BRIDGEVersion 2.0Data Model

Eric Lebègue

Jean- Gual

Nobuyoshi Yabuki

November 2005


General structureIfcProduct

IfcElement

IfcBuildingElementIfcBridgeStructureElementIfcBridge

RelatedElements S[1:?]

Existing IFC 2x2 entity New entity

IfcBuilding

IfcRelAssignsToProduct RelatingProductRelatedObjects S[1:?]IfcProject

IfcSpatialStructureElement

IfcRelAggregatesRelatingObject RelatedObjects S[1:?]


IfcBridgeElement


Bridge Elements

IfcBridgeElement

IfcBridgeSegmentSegments S[1:?]

IfcBridgeTendon

IfcBridgeReinforcingBar

IfcBridgeSingularInternalPointWayPoints S[1:?]

IfcElement

IfcBridgeElementComponent

IfcBridgeAnchoringDevice

IfcBridgeVoid

IfcBridgeSheath

IfcBridgePrismaticElement


IFC-ROAD

• In the meeting of September 2005 at CSTB in France, Alfred Stein, Germany, proposed IFC-ROAD effort, similar to IFC-BRIDGE, based on OKSTRA and IFC, with France, Norway, and Japan.

• The Civil Engineering Group of IAI Japan Chapter is going to cooperate with their efforts.


Integration of Cyber Infrastructures and Real Infrastructures

Cyber Infrastructures

CAD/CG FEMOther Analysis

Software PackagesGIS

DatabasesMiddleware

Design CheckingSoftware

ProjectManagementCBR System

Data Mining Multi-Agents

LinkingSensor Data

Sensor Networks RFID

Information(Order, Advices, and Support)

Various Appliances,Equipment, and Machines

Roads, Bridges, Tunnels, Railways, Stations,Rivers, Dams, Hydraulic Gates, Causways, Ports,

Sewages, Agricultural Infrastructures,Power Stations, Transmission Lines, Gas Facilities,

Communication Facilities, etc.

Real Infrastructures

People

Data Models(Product Models,

Sensor DataModels, etc.)


7. Conclusions• Time has come for 3D models in civil engineering.

• IAI will continuously play an important role for developing product models in AEC.

• Some product models developed by our group were introduced here including PC and steel girder bridges, cut and fill earthworks, and hydroelectric power stations.

• Immersion VR-CAD will be an important user interface to 3D/4D data models.

• We will need business process reengineering as well as information exchange by product models in order to increase the productivity and efficiency in a great deal.


Thank you.

Email: [email protected]: http://yb3.ce.muroran-it.ac.jp/

3d product models and ifc of iai - jacic · 3. 3d product models 4. ifc of iai 5. product models...

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