3g overvew for
TRANSCRIPT
PLANNING AND ENGINEERINGNETWORK SERVICES DIVISION
OUTLINEOUTLINEOUTLINE
� RELEASE 99� What is Rel.99 3G
� Network Topology
� Capacity
� Coverage
� Soft Handover
� RELEASE 5 (HSDPA) � What is HSDPA
� Data rate
� Performance
� Coverage
� Resources
RELEASE 99 3GRELEASE 99 3G
WHAT IS REL.99 3G?
� Release 99 3G is based on WCDMA technology, characterized by
use of a wider bandwidth than CDMA, which results to high
transfer rate, increased system capacity and communication
quality
� It is designed for multimedia communication, capable of
delivering different types of services
• Voice
• SMS, MMS
• Video
• Data
NETWORK TOPOLOGYNETWORK TOPOLOGYNETWORK TOPOLOGY
MSC / VLR
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
TC
HLR
BSS CIRCUIT SWITCHED CORE
NET WORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PACKET SWITCHED CORE
SGSN
INTERNETGGSN
PSTN
MSSMGW
3G HLR
NODE B
NODE B
NODE B
RNC
3G SGSN IMS
/ RAN
- subscriber profile (temporary)- location information (e.g. LAI)- subscriber identifier (e.g. IMSI, TMSI)
CS-Domain Network
Exchange specific functions:- switching
- signalling evaluation
- operational tasks
(alarms, CDR generation, statistics)
Mobile communication specific functions- Interrogation of HLR
Mobile communication specific functions- mobility management- mobile specific connection management- interaction with HLR and VLR- interaction with GERAN/UTRAN- transcoding (UMTS only)
Mobile services Switching Centre (MSC)Gateway Mobile services Switching Centre (GMSC)
Exchange specific functions:- switching - signalling evaluation- operational tasks (alarms, CDR generation,
statistics)
Visitor Location Register (VLR)
PS-Domain Network
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
• Network Access Control(authentication, authorisation, admission control, CDR collection, operator determined barring)
• Packet Routing & Transfer(relay, routing, address translation & mapping, encapsulation, tunnelling)
• Mobility Management
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
• Network Access Control(CDR collection, screening)
• Packet Routing & Transfer(relay, routing, address translation & mapping, encapsulation, tunnelling)
• Mobility Management
Border Gateway (BG)
For secure inter-PLMN connection
Charging Gateway Function (CGF)
intermediate between SGSN/GGSN and billing centre
Radio Network Controller Tasks
& Functions
• WCDMA radio resource managementincl. Radio resource management of
channel configurations,
traffic and control channels, handovers,
power control.
• Telecom functionalityincl. Location & connection management,
ciphering, Iu and Iub channel management,
ATM switching and multiplexing
• Maintenanceincl. Fault localisation and reconfiguration
• Operationincl. RNC and Node B parameter
modification
RNC196/1to5 - RNC Capacity Steps in RAS05 solutions for flexible network building
1 2
3
4
5
R99 – 196Mbit/s
HSDPA – 100 Mbit/s
Config. Connectivity
Iub Mbit/s AMR
Erlangs
Number of
BTSs
supported
Carriers AAL2UP
R99/HSDPA
with max pool
size
R99/HSDPA
with max pool
size
R99/HSDPA
with max pool
size
Mbit/s Max
number
of the
cards
Nbr of int
unprot. /
(Protected)
Max
number
of the
cards
Nbr of int
unprotected
1 48 / 16 1300 128 / 48 384 / 144 400 4 16 / (8+8) 4 64
2 85 / 33 2700 192 / 96 576 / 288 550 4 16 / (8+8) 6 96
3 122 / 50 4000 256 / 144 768 / 432 700 4 16 / (8+8) 8 128
4 159 / 75 5400 320 / 216 960 / 648 850 4 16 / (8+8) 10 160
5 196 / 100 6800 384 / 288 1152 / 864 1000 4 16 / (8+8) 12 192
Iub traffic capacity Interfaces
RNC196
/step
STM-1 /OC-3 E1/ T1
RNC196 / 5 steps
101010010101010001Iub Interface
ATM
Uu InterfaceWCDMA
Cellular Transmission management
Managing ATM switching and multiplexing over the Iub interface. Control of AAL2/AAL5 connections. Control of the physical transmission interfaces – E1, PDH, SDH or
microwave.
Air Interface management. Controlling Uplink and Downlink radio
paths on the Uu Air Interface. Baseband to RF conversion. Antenna multi-coupling.
O&M Processing.Interfacing with NMS and RNC for alarm
and control (Operations and Maintenance) functions.
Radio Channel functions.Logical to physical channel
mappings. Encoding/Decoding – Spreading/Despreading user
traffic and signalling.
RNC
Node B Tasks & Functions
Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS
Supreme Indoor
AXUx = ATMc cross conn. unit (1pcs)
WSCA = System Clock (1 pcs)
WSPC= Signal Processing Unit WPSE = Power Supply DC UnitWAMA = Application Magnager UnitWSMB = Summing & Multiplexing Unit
WPSE = Power Supply DC Unit (3pcs)
WSMB = Summing & Multiplexing Unit (3pcs)
WTRB = WCDMA Transmitter and Receiver (3pcs)
WAMA = Application Manager Unit (3-6 pcs)
WSPC = Signal Processing Unit(1-18pcs) IFUx = Transm. interface (1-5 pcs)
WINB cabinet WIFB = Input filter DC (one per cabinet)
WICA= Input Combiner (3pcs)
WAFA= Antenna Filter Unit (3pcs)
WPAJ= Linear Power Amplifier (3pcs)
3G COVERAGE3G COVERAGE3G COVERAGE
� CELL RANGE
NODE B
Voice Call = 410m
Video Call & PS-64Kbps Data = 360m
PS-128Kbps Data = 310m
PS-384Kbps Data = 220m
0
Central Business Districts
RAB CBDDense
UrbanUrban
Voice Call 410 m 650 m 1050 m
Video Call 360 m 580 m 930 m
64Kbps Data 360 m 580 m 930 m
128Kbps Data 310 m 490 m 800 m
384Kbps Data 220 m 360 m 580 m
510m
0%
420m
50%
3G COVERAGE3G COVERAGE3G COVERAGE
� CELL BREATHING
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0.14
0.23
0.27
0.30
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
-
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
24.00Loading Interference Margin
Sample of Cell Loading vs. Cell Range Graph Using Voice Call Traffic
340m
75%
NODE B
meters
Interference Margin (dB)Cell Loading
3G SITE CAPACITY3G SITE CAPACITY3G SITE CAPACITY
� BASIC 3G CAPACITY
� CE = Channel Element
� NODE B CAPACITY
� Nokia Processing Card = WSPC
� 1 WSPC = 64 Channel Elements
� Required CE for Control Channels = 16 CE
RAB ThroughputRequired CE
(Nokia Equipment)
Voice Call 12.2 Kbps (CS) 1
Video Call 64 Kbps (CS) 4
64Kbps Data 64 Kbps (PS) 4
128Kbps Data 128 Kbps (PS) 4
384Kbps Data 384 Kbps (PS) 16
3G SITE CAPACITY3G SITE CAPACITY3G SITE CAPACITY
� SIMULTANEOUS CAPACITY
No. of
Carriers
Approx.
No. of
WSPC
Channel
Elements (Incremental)
Channel
Elements (Cummulative)
1 48 48
2 64 112
3 64 176
4 48 224
5 64 288
6 64 352
7 48 400
8 64 464
9 64 528
3
2
1
Simultaneous
Voice Call
48
112
176
224
288
352
400
464
528
Simultaneous Video Call /
64kbps Data /
128kbps Data
12
28
44
56
72
88
100
116
132
Simultaneous
384kbps Data
3
7
11
14
18
22
25
29
33
� Simultaneous Calls possible with No Soft Handover
� Default Config for a new Node B is (1) WSPC
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
CORE
NODE B
RNC
NODE BNODE B
During a 3G Call
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
� Same Carrier = Soft Handover
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
NODE B
RNC
NODE BNODE B
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
During a 3G Call
� Same Carrier = Soft HandoverCORE
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
NODE B
RNC
NODE BNODE B
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
During a 3G Call
� Same Carrier = Soft HandoverCORE
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
NODE B
RNC
NODE BNODE B
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
During a 3G Call
� Same Carrier = Soft Handover� Different Carrier = Hard Handover
CORE
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
NODE B
RNC
NODE B
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
During a 3G Call
� Same Carrier = Soft Handover� Different Carrier = Hard Handover
CORE
NODE B
SOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVERSOFT HANDOVER
NODE B
RNC
NODE B NODE B
CARRIER 1 CARRIER 1 CARRIER 2
CORE
During a 3G Call
� Same Carrier = Soft Handover� Different Carrier = Hard Handover
INTER SYSTEM HANDOVERINTER SYSTEM HANDOVERINTER SYSTEM HANDOVER
2G
3G
� 3G TO 2G COVERAGE
During a Call� Voice Call = Handover to 2G� Video Call = No Handover� PS-Data = Cell Reselection to 2G
2G
� 2G TO 3G COVERAGE
During a Call� Voice Call = Handover to 3G� PS-Data = Cell Reselection to 2G
2G
3G
2G
RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)
WHAT IS HSDPA?
� High Speed Downlink Packet Access
� HSDPA is an improvement on Release99 3G, through the use of
new modulation and coding scheme, efficient packet scheduling
and fast retransmission technique
� It is designed to deliver high speed data services of up to 10Mbps
Higher data performanceHigher data performance– Downlink data rate: 1.8 … 10 Mbps
– Low latency: 50 ms
HSDPAHSDPA
Higher network efficiencyHigher network efficiency– Higher spectral efficiency
– Higher Iub efficiency than R99
– Higher Baseband efficiency
Customer Confidential
EfficientEfficient
NewNew FastFast
Newadaptive modulation
and coding
Newadaptive modulation
and coding Efficientschedulingin BTS
Efficientschedulingin BTS
Fastretransmission
in BTS
Fastretransmission
in BTS
RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)
Retransmission HandlingRetransmission Handling
Terminal
BTS
Rel’99 DCHNokia RAN 1.5.2
Rel’5 HS-DSCHNokia RAN05
Packet
Retransmission
RLC ACK/NACK
Retransmission
L1 ACK/NACK
Packet
Terminal
BTS
RNC RNC
Dataflow
Downlink Control moved
to BTS
Customer ConfidentialCustomer Confidential
HSDPA GENERAL PRINCIPLEHSDPA GENERAL PRINCIPLE
• Fast scheduling is done directly in Node-B based on feedback
information from UE and knowledge of current traffic state.
UE2
Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)
Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)
Data
Data
Users may be time and/or code multiplexed
New base station functions
• HARQ retransmissions
• Modulation/coding selection
• Packet data scheduling (short TTI)
New base station functions
• HARQ retransmissions
• Modulation/coding selection
• Packet data scheduling (short TTI)
UE1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160-2
0246810121416
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/4
16QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
Instantaneous EsNo [dB]
ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODINGADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODING
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160-2
0246810121416
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/4
16QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
Instantaneous EsNo [dB]
HSDPA PEAK DATA RATESHSDPA PEAK DATA RATES
Modulation Code rateSFThroughput(10 codes)
Throughput(15 codes)
Throughput(5 codes)
QPSK
1/4
2/4
3/4
16
16
16
1.2 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
1.8 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
5.3 Mbps
600 kbps
1.2 Mbps
1.8 Mbps
16QAM
1/4
2/4
3/4
16
16
16
2.4 Mbps
4.8 Mbps
7.2 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
7.2 Mbps
10.7 Mbps
1.2 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
HSDPA DATA PERFORMANCEHSDPA DATA PERFORMANCE
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 10
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Distance from BTS [relative to cell radius, 1=cell edge]
kbps
3.6 Mbps close to cell center
Approx 300 kbps at the cell edge
Median data rate 770 kbps
(at 0.7x distance)
Customer Confidential
Release ’99 DCH
HSDPA
Customer Confidential
Single User Bit Rate in Macro Cell
HIGHER DATA PERFORMANCEHIGHER DATA PERFORMANCE
Round trip time of 32-Byte packet
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Today HSDPA HSDPA+HSUPA
ms
Release 99 200 ms
HSDPA <100 ms
HSUPA 50 ms
Internet
Iu + core
RNC
Iub
Node B
AI
UE
Customer ConfidentialCustomer Confidential
HIGHER NETWORK EFFICIENCYHIGHER NETWORK EFFICIENCY
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Macro cell Small cell
WCDMA Release 99 dedicated channelHSDPA with round robin schedulerHSDPA with proportional fair schedulerHSDPA terminals with rx diversity and equalizer
kbps
Advanced mobilesgive substancial
gains
Advanced scheduling improves throughput
Customer ConfidentialCustomer Confidential
HSDPA Cell Throughput
CO-EXISTENCE OF REL’99 AND HSDPACO-EXISTENCE OF REL’99 AND HSDPA
• Carrier shared between HSDPA and R99
• Operator definable or dynamic resource sharing
between HSDPA and R99
f1f1
f1f1
f2f2 • Dedicated HSDPA carrier
• HSDPA UE directed to HSDPA carrier based on
3GPP Release or UE capability and QoS
request
= R5 HSDPA
= R99 DCH• Nokia HSDPA can be introduced to the network
with shared or with dedicated frequency
Flexibleintroduction
Customer ConfidentialCustomer Confidential
Common Channel Allocation in Nokia WSPCCommon Channel Allocation in Nokia WSPC
• WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data
according to baseband processing capacity tables
• Soft Handover overhead not included
Common chs
E.g. 48 AMR calls
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Traffic channels
1. WSPC 2. WSPC Nth WSPC
E.g. 64 AMR calls
E.g 64 AMRcalls
Common channel allocation & HSDPACommon channel allocation & HSDPA
• Single WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and HSDPA
• HSDPA block is reserved by RRM
• Remaining capacity for traffic 16 CE (i.e. 16 AMR calls)
• Soft Handover overhead not included
Common chs
capacity16 CE
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Traffic channels
1. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK (5codes)Reserved by RRM
(5 codes, 16QAM)
Common channel allocation & HSDPACommon channel allocation & HSDPA
• WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and user data
according to baseband processing capacity tables
• HSDPA block is able to handle up to 3 cells (time multiplexed)
and is allocated to 1WSPC card
• Soft Handover overhead not included
Common chs
remainingcapacity 48 CE
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
….
Traffic channels
1. WSPC 2. WSPC Nth WSPC
remainingcapacity32 CE
capacity64 CE
HSDPA BLOCK(5codes)Reserved by RRM
Common channel allocation & HSDPACommon channel allocation & HSDPA
Common chs
capacity48 CE
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Traffic channels
1. WSPC
• WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to
baseband processing capacity tables
• HSDPA block is reserved by RRM
– Dedicated HSDPA Block per cell or timemultiplexing
• Soft Handover overhead not included
….
Nth WSPC
capacity64 CE
3. WSPC
capacity64 CE
2. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK(10 codes)Reserved by RRM
(10 codes)
• WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband
processing capacity tables
• HSDPA blocks are allocated to 3 WSPC cards, dedicated HSDPA block per cell
• Soft Handover overhead not included
Common chs
remainingcapacity48CE
i.e. 48 AMR calls
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Traffic channels
1. WSPC 2. WSPC
remaining capacity32 CE
HSDPA BLOCK(5codes)Reserved by RRM
3. WSPC
remaining capacity32 CE
HSDPA BLOCK(5codes)Reserved by RRM
4. WSPC
remainingcapacity32 CE
HSDPA BLOCK(5codes)Reserved by RRM
Nth WSPC
capacity64 CE
capacity64 CE
capacity64 CE
Common channel allocation & HSDPACommon channel allocation & HSDPA
Common channel allocation & HSDPACommon channel allocation & HSDPA
• WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband
processing capacity tables
• HSDPA blocks are allocated to 3 WSPC cards, dedicated HSDPA block per cell
• Soft Handover overhead not included
Common chs
remainingcapacity 48 CE
Carrier 1Carrier 1Common channels
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Carrier 1Carrier 1
Traffic channels
1. WSPC 2. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK(10 codes)Reserved by RRM
3. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK(10 codes)Reserved by RRM
4. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK(10 codes)Reserved by RRM
Nth WSPC
capacity64 CE
capacity64 CE
capacity64 CE*10 codes
3G / HSDPA ROLLOUT3G / HSDPA ROLLOUT
� 3G Rollout
� Total of 1030 sites for Phase 1
� Completed sites = 998
� Priority on Metro Manila area and key provincial areas
� HSDPA Rollout
� Currently HSDPA activated sites = 110
� Priority on CBDs, Malls, Hotels and corporate accounts
� Unit Costs
� Node B = $30,000 (PHP 1.5M)
� RNC Upgrade = $200,000 (PHP 10M)
� HSDPA Upgrade = $7,000 (PHP 350K)
THANK
YOU!