3g wireless with umts day4

7/29/2019 3G Wireless With UMTS Day4

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3G Wireless

UMTS

Technable Solutions Pvt. Ltd.119 Southern Avenue, 2SW

Kolkata 700029

+91-33-2465-1760

[email protected]


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Copyright 2001-2010Technable Corporation, USA

2

Objectives

Learn the 3G Wireless Concepts

Evolution, Standards & Services

Radio and Network Characteristics

Architecture

Circuit and Packet Network Components and Interfaces

Radio Access Network Components and Interfaces

Packet data enablers

Mobility aspects

Development Process

Details of UMTS networks

Call flows


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3G Wireless Systems

Next generation of wireless systems Designed to provide among other things:

High rate data services

Advanced multimedia services

Global roaming

Developed under International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and

other regional bodies

Scheduled to be introduced in various parts of the world through thefirst decade starting 2000


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2G Limitations

Bandwidth limitations

Lack of roaming capabilities

Data services limitations

Lack of support for packet data networks

Multimedia limitations


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Drivers of 3G Wireless

3G NETWORK

2. Increased demand

for basic wireless

services

3. Demand for basic

Telecom services in

developing world

1. Internet, high rate

data and multimeia

services

4. Capacity

exhaustion5. Convergence

6. Globalisation

of wireless

anywhere,anytime access

7.Other factors

a. Technology Developments

b.Competition


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Where is 3G Being Developed ?

International Mobile Telecommunications2000IMT - 2000

ITU vision for Global Wireless Access for 21st century

Global forum for development and promotion of common standards,

specifications and technologies for 3rd generation networks


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Who is developing 3G ?

ITU

IMT 2000

Japan

ARIB, TIC, NTT

Docomo

Europe

ETSI, UMTS Forum,

European Union

North America

TIA, CDG, UWC-136

Forum, GSM

Alliance, etc

Global

Harmonisation and Compatibility

Korea

ETRI, TTA

China

MPT

Regional


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3G Wireless Technologies

3G

CDMA2000 UMTS UWC-136

SR1

(1xRTT)

SR3

3xRTT

FDD

W-CDMA

TDD

TD-CDMA

136HS-Outdoor

(EDGE)

136HS-Indoor


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IS-553

IS-54

IS-136

NA-TDMA

UWC-136 HS OutdoorEDGE

Classic Compact

IS-136 HS-Indoor

EDGE

Classic Compact

GSMPhase I

GSMPhase II

GPRS

UMTS

UTRA-TDD UTRA-FDD

IS-95A

1xRTT

3xRTTHDR

IS-95B

IS-2000

GSM IS-95-CDMA

2G to 3G Evolution


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3G Harmonization

ETSI, UMTS Forum, ATIS T1P1,

ARIB and other global bodies

TIA, CDG, ARIB and

other global bodies

Global efforts to develop and promote regional

standards

Harmonize regional variations in the proposals


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3G Characteristics


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Objectives

Radio characteristics

Network characteristics

Packet data enablers

Mobility

Enabling technologies

WAP

Bluetooth


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Network Architecture

Internet PSTN

CS-CNPS-CN

RAN

Mobile


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Access Independence


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IS41

PSTN

BTS

BSCRAN

PDSN

IP Network

CSCN

PSCN

MSC

GATEWAY

CALL SERVER IP

TELEPHONY SERVICES

INTELLIGENT

NETWORK

REGULATORY

SERVICE

LOCATION BASEDSERVICES

MULTICAST

SERVICES

PERSONALISEDSERVICES

BILLING

CUSTOMERRELATIONSHIP

MANAGEMENT

ENTERPRISE

SERVICESREGULATORY

SERVICE

AAA

SECURITY

M COMMERCE

WIRELESS CORE

NETWORKSERVICES NETWORK

PS

CS

Services Network


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Shared Packet Interfaces

PSTN IWF

MSC

BS

2G Networks

Dedicated Circuits

IWF/PDN PSTN

MSC

BS

3G Networks

Dedicated CircuitsSharedPacket

Interface


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IMT-2000 Data Rate Requirements

Data Rate Cell Type Coverage

Area

Mobility

144 kbps Macro Cell Wide Area High


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Asymmetric Data Rates

Channels with different bandwidths in uplink and downlink direction

lead to efficient radio spectrum utilization

Useful for applications such as web access and cable TV

IBM Compatible

Radio tower

3G

Network

HTTP - Request

(In kbps)

HTTP - Response

(In Mbps)

HTTP

Server


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Bandwidth on Demand

IBM Compatible

RAN

Multi media : High Data Rate

Text Only : Low Data Rate

CN

SNOR


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Always Connected

IP

e-mail

CC TV

ServicesWireless

Core

RANApplication Logical Connection

CN Logical Connection

RAN Physical Connection

Physical

Connection

comes andgoes

Logical

Connectionremain

intact


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Network Connections

CS-CN CS

PS

RAN

PS-CN

S1

UI

S2

S3

UI

UI

S1

TSig

S2

T

Sig

TSig

S1

S3

S2

Mobi le

Serv

ice

Spec

ific

CN

Sp

ecific

RA

NS

pecif

ic


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Concurrent Channels

Varying bandwidths depending on the information rate requirements of the

services

Different channels may have different QoS requirements depending on the

services

3G

Network

Voice Service

Video Access

Internet Access


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RAN Mobility

RAN

CA1

CA2

CN

BSC PDN

PDN

Mobility

Node

IP Network

1

2

RAN Mobility:Handoff, Handover,

Cell Selection

CA2


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CN Mobility

RAN

CA1

CA2

CN

BSC

BSC

RAN

PDN

PDN

Mobility

Node

IP Network

1

2

CN Mobility:

Roaming & ISHO (CS),IP Mobility, GPRS,

CDPD, Mobile IP


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IP Mobility

Ability to move with an IP address while the connection using the IP

address is active

IP Mobility may be provided by a combination of RAN Mobility and

CN mobility

RAN Mobility

Handoff/Handover

Cell selection/reselection

CN IP Mobility

Mobile IP GPRS CDPD


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Location Based Services

Determines Location

LocationReport from

RAN

Based on triggers,LS feeds information

to other services

ServiceSet 1

ServiceSet 2

ServiceSet 3

RAN

CA1

CA2

CA3

Location

Server

Location

Billing

CNSN

Information

portals:Traffic Coupons

Public services:

E911,Weathr services


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Service Portability

GSMNetwork

SN 1

3-way call

UMTS

Network

SN 13-way call

Wireline

Network

U

I

M

Internet

SN 2

E-mail

1

2

3

1. Common service

definition2. Interworking

Different netw ork, same

terminal, same features

(S1, S2) and interfaces

Different terminal,

same features (S1,

S2) and interfaces

Different netw ork,

different terminal,

different features

(S2), same interfaces


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Network Adaptation to Device Capability

Wireless

Network

Service

Network

Intranet

WAP Gateway

WEB Server

Adapts to user

interface

Radio tower


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Wireless Applications Protocol

An open, global specification for Wireless Internet developed by WAP

forum

Provides

User Interface adaptation for wireless devices

Data rate adaptation for wireless devices

Based on Internet standards, e.g., HTTP, XML, TCP, IP and SSL

Designed for most wireless standards, e.g., CDPD, CDMA, GSM, PDC,

PHS, TDMA, FLEX, ReFLEX, iDEN, TETRA, DECT, DataTAC,

Mobitex


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WAP Architectural Model

WAP Gateway

Protocol

Conversion

EncodersInternet

Origin Server

CGI

Scripts

Content

HTTP Request (URL)

HTTP Response (Content)

EncodedRequest

EncodedResponse

High bit rate

Low bit rate

WAP Client withMicrobrowser


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WAP Network Deployment (Option 1)

Wireless Network

BinaryWML

WSP/B

WTP

WTLS

UDP WDP

IP Non-IP

WAP

Gateway

WebServer

HTMLFilter

Internet

IP

TCP

HTTP

WML

WML

HTML


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WAP Network Deployment (Option 2)

WML

Encoder

WML

ScriptCompiler

Protocol

Adapters

Application

Logic

WML

Decks with

WMLScripts

Content

WAP Application Server

Wireless Network

Binary

WML

WSP/B

WTP

WTLS

UDP WDP

IP Non-IP


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Bluetooth

What is it?

Open specification for wireless voice and data communication

Useful for consumer devices

Wireless everything

Makes wireless access devices more useful


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Bluetooth - Characteristics

Pointto-point & point-to-multi-point communication

Omni-directional; line-of-sight NOT required

Data rates up to 1 Mbps

Range up to 10 meters

Minimizes interference by using a frequency hopping scheme

Full duplex transmission

Based on IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LAN technology

Utilizes the unlicensed 2.45-GHz ISM (industrial-scientific-medical)

Band


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3G Development Process


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Objectives

IMT-2000 requirements for RTTs

RTT development process

RTT proposals submitted to ITU


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IMT-2000 RTT Requirements

Support specified data rates

Support for asymmetric data rates

Support flexible operating environments

In-building, suburban, downtown

Vehicular, pedestrian, fixed

High spectral efficiency/capacity

Optimization for data and multimedia services

Provide Media Access Control functions

Higher bandwidth bearer channels

Seamless coexistence and interconnection with:

Satellite systems, fixed networks


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RTT Development Process

Implementation of

Recommendations

3GPP

3GPP2

Evaluation

Groups

ITU

Develop Requirements& Evaluation Criteria

1Source

Issue Request for

RTT Proposals

Development ofCandidate RTTs

3

2

Submissions of

RTT Proposals

4

Evaluation of RTT

Proposals

5

Select RTT Proposals

Consensus buildingfor harmonization of

proposals

6

Publish RTT Specs

sufficiently detailed forglobal compatibility

7

8

ETSI TIA

OthersARIB


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RTT Proposals

Proposal Type Description Source

cdma2000 Terrestrial Wideband CDMA, IS-95

based proposals

U.S.A TIA TR45.4

& CDG

North American

W-CDMA

Terrestrial North American Wideband

CDMA

U.S.A. T1P1-ATIS

& GSM Alliance

Japanese W-

CDMA

Terrestrial Japanese Wideband CDMA ARIB

UTRA European

W-CDMA

Terrestrial UMTS Terrestrial Radio

Access, Wideband CDMA

ETSI SMG2,

UMTS Forum

UWC-136 Terrestrial Universal Wireless

Communication (UWC)

TDMA (IS-136) based

U.S.A. TIA TR-46.1

WIMS W-CDMA Terrestrial Wireless Multimedia andMessaging Services based on

W-CDMA

U.S.A. TIA TR-46.1

DECT Terrestrial Digital Enhanced Cordless

Communication

ETSI


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RTT Proposals (Contd.)

Proposal Type Description

TD-SCDMA Terrestrial Time division SynchronousCDMA

China AcademyTelecommunications Technology

CDMA 1 Terrestrial Multi-band Synchronous

DS-CDMA

South Korea TTA

CDMA 2 Terrestrial Asynchronous DS-CDMA South Korea TTA

SW-CDMA Satellite Satellite Wideband CDMA European Space Agency

SW-TDMA Satellite Satellite Wideband Hybrid

CDMA/TDMA

European Space Agency

ICO-RTT Satellite 10 MEO Satellite in 2 planes

at 10,390 km

ICO Global Communications

SAT-CDMA Satellite 49 LEO Satellites in 7 planes

at 2000 km

South Korea TTA

Horizons Satellite Horizon Satellite System Inmarsat


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Main 3G Terrestrial Proposals

UMTS

CDMA 2000

UWC136/EDGE


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UMTS Networks


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Objectives

Define Characteristics of UMTS

UMTS Network Architecture

Circuit and Packet Networks

UMTS Radio Access Network

UTRA FDD and TDD

Call Flows


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Technable Corporation, USA

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What is UMTS ?

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Multi-function mobile communications system

Capable of:

Broadband multimedia services

Current narrowband services

Commercial operation planned for 2002

One of the proposed 3rd Generation Systems

Developed within the framework of the ITU Member of the IMT-2000 Family of Systems

Based on the evolving GSM core network


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Characteristics

Defines complete wireless network architecture

RAN, CN and air interface

Air interface

CDMA based interface

High data rates possible over air interface

Interoperable with GSM/GPRS networks

Integrated voice and data services

2G GSM/GPRS Networks


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2G GSM/GPRS Networks

Laptop

SGSN

BTS

BSC

BSS

MSC/VLR

SS7

MSC

HLR

SGSN

GGSN

GGSN

Intra PLMN

IP backbone

IP

X.25

GPRS PLMN

A Interface Gb

Interface

UMTS Network


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UMTS Network

UMTS TerrestrialRadio Access

Network (UTRAN)

UMTS

Core Network

UMTS TerrestrialRadio AccessNetwork (UTRAN)

Satellite RadioAccess Network

(SRAN)

lu

lu

lu

This is a new

open Interface of

UMTS

UMTS Reference Configuration


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UMTS Reference Configuration

IP Network

UTRAN

PS

UEHLR

GGSN

PSTN/

ISDN

3G SGSN

3G MSC G-MSC

CS

SCP

lu

Interface Between UTRAN and CN


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Interface Between UTRAN and CN

RANAP

SCCP on IPSCCP on

SAAL

ATM Transport Layer

PHY

Control Plane

IP basedTraffic

Circuit basedTraffic

ATM Transport Layer

PHY

Core Network(CN)

UTRAN

User Plane

UTRA Network Architecture


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UTRA Network Architecture

CORE

NET-WORK

Node B

Node B

RNCBTS

BTS

Node B

Node B

RNCBTS

BTS

Iu

Iu

Iub

Iub

Iur

RNS

RNS

Laptop

Laptop

Uu (UTRA Radio Interface)

UE

The Big Picture


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e g ctu e

Node B

NodeB

RNCBTS

BTS

UTRAN

MSC/VLR G-MSC

3G-SGSN

IP

GGSN

CS-CN

PS-CN

WebAAA

SIP emailIP-SN

PSTN/ISDN

SN

HLR

SS7

SCP

Telephone

Radio Network Core Network Services NetworkE

UE-CN

UE-Se rvices


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RAN Components

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

Allocates and manages radio resources

Provides RAN and Inter-RAN mobility

One RNC per PNS

Node B

Logical or abstract node (similar to a BTS)

Responsible for radio transmission/reception for one or more cells

Adds and removes radio links on demand

A RNC controls multiple Node Bs


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RAN Interfaces

Iub Interface

Interface between NodeB and RNC

ATM based interface

Carries signaling as well as user traffic

Iur interface

Interface between two RNCs

ATM based interface

Allows for inter-RNC procedures such as handoffs

Air interface

Interface between the mobile and UTRAN

Based on CDMA


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UTRA Modes of Operation

UTRA

W-CDMAFrequency Division Duplex

(FDD)

paired band

TD-CDMATime Division Duplex

(TDD)

unpaired band

FDD (W CDMA) M d


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FDD (W-CDMA) Mode

Characteristics of FDD mode

3.84 Mcps spreading rate

Full Duplex continuous transmission

Planned for both Europe and Japan

5 MHz

5 MHz

TDD (TD CDMA) M d


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TDD (TD-CDMA) Mode

Characteristics of TDD Mode

Only one 5 Mhz band

15 time slots divided between uplink and downlink

5

MHz

Base Station

Mobile Station


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Bandwidth and Spreading

Bandwidth(In Mhz)

SpreadingRate (In

Mcps)

SpreadingCodes

5 3.84 256 bits

10 7.68 512 bits

20 15.36 1024 bits

Radio Interface Protocol Architecture


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PHY

MAC

RLC

RRC

L1

L2/MAC

L2/RLC

L3

Transport

Channels

Logical

Channels

User Plane

Information

Control Plane

Signalling

UMTS Physical Layer


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UMTS Physical Layer

UE

Source IDBased

Separation

ProtectData

ChannelSeparation

Digital CodingTechniques

ChannelisationCode

Base Station

UE

Channelisation

Code

Digital Coding

Techniques

Transpor t

Channe l

Physical

Channe l

Downlink

Uplink

User Data

Transport Channels


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p C

Transport

Channel 1

75

Kbps

email

Transport

Channel 2

Physical

Channel 1

Physical

Channel 2

75

Kbps

Multiplex Data

Voice

Web

Functions:

Source Protection

Channelization Source

ID separation

Access Stratum (AS)

Non-Access Stratum (NAS)


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FDD Transport Channels (Downlink)

Radio tower

Broadcast Channel(BCH)

Paging Channel(PCH)

Forward Access Channel

(FACH)

Downlink Shared Channel(DSCH)

Common Channels

Dedicated Channels

DedicatedChannel

(DCH)

FDD T t Ch l (U li k)


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FDD Transport Channels (Uplink)

Radio tower

Random Access Channel(RACH)

Common Packet Channel(CPCH)

Common Channels

Dedicated Channels

DedicatedChannel

(DCH)

Ph i l Ch l


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Physical Channels

Carry one or more transport channels

Physical channel is responsible for transporting bits of data over the air

Physical channels is identified By

Carrier frequency

Orthogonal Code

Relative phase (uplink only)

Types of physical channels

Common channels

Dedicated channels

D li k Ph i l Ch l


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Downlink Physical Channels

Radio tower

Common Pilot Channel(CPICH)

Primary Common Control Physical Channel(PCCPCH)

Common Channels

Synchronisation Channel

(SCH)

Secondary Common Control Physical Channel

(SCCPCH)

Physical Downlink Shared Channel

(PDSCH)

Acquisition Indication Channel(AICH)

Paging Indication Channel

(PICH)

U li k Ph i l Ch l


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Uplink Physical Channels

Radio tower

Physical Random Access Channel(PRACH)

Physical Common Packet Channel(PCPH)

Common Channels

Dedicated Channels

Dedicated Physical Control Channel

(DPCCH)Dedicated Physical Data Channel

(DPDCH)

Transport Channel to Physical Channel Mapping


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p y pp g

Transport Physical Channels

BCHPrimary Common Control Physical ChannelPaging Indication Ch ann el

PCH

FACH Secondary Common Control Physical Channel

RACH Physical Random Access Channel

DCH Dedicated Physical Data ChannelDedicated Phy sical Co ntro l Ch ann el

Synchron isa tion Ch annel

DSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

CPCH Physical Common Packet Channel

Acquis i ton Indicat ion Ch annel

RRC Layer


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y

CS Network

PS Network

RRC

RLC

MAC

PHY

UE

RRC

RLC

MAC

PHY

UTRAN

Radio Network re lated

signalling message

Core Network related

signalling message

PS

Signalling

CS

Signalling

CSsigna

lling

message

PSsignallingmessage

Uu(W-CDMA, TD-CDMA)

CN

RRC F ti


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RRC Functions

Arbitration for the uplink DCH

Broadcast system information Mobility functions

Outer loop power control

Initial cell selection and re-selection in idle mode

Establishes and maintains RRC connections between UE and UTRAN

Assigns, reconfigures and releases radio resources

Capable of controlling L1, MAC and RLC

CS Call Flow


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UE

1. Establish RRC Connection

2. Establish Iu

SignallingConnection

3G MSC

3. Authentication

4. Establish Iu Bearer

5. EstablishRadio Bearer

UTRANMobile Initiated a

call

Radio Bearer Iu Bearer

Radio tower

PS Call Flow

L i l


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UE

1. Establish RRC Connection

2. Establish Iu SignallingConnection

3. Authentication

4. Attach

Logicalconnection

between UE and

UTRANUTRAN

Radio tower

SGSN

Logicalconnection UE

and SGSN

GGSN

ATM IP

PS Call Flow (Contd.)


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UE

5. Activate PDP conte xt

8. PDP Re sponse

RequestDynamic IP

address UTRAN

Radio tower

SGSN

9.UE can nowsend andrecieve IPdatagrams

GGSN

ATM IP

6. Establish Iu Bearer6. EstablishRadio Bearer6. Establish PDP Conte xt

7.Allocate IPAddress

Radio Bearer GTP GTP

Inter-RNS Soft Handover


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CORE

NET-WORK

Node B

Node B

SRNCBTS

BTS

Node B

Node B

DRNCBTS

BTS

3

1

2

2

DRNS

SRNS

Operator1

Operator2


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The Future


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Objectives

Family of systems concepts

Spectrum allocation

3G Licenses

Evolution

Challenges


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IMT-2000 Network Goals

Low speed voice & data to high speed packet & circuit data Global roaming & service interoperability

Location based services

Multimedia QoS management capabilities

Interworking with IP

Backward compatibility with 2G

Independence of radio access technology and network technology

evolution

3G NetworkIdeal Vision


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Single network architecture and single radio interface used in all the

networks of the world

Same set of services with same behavior anywhere in the world

Realize global roaming

One World, One Vision, One Network

IMT-2000 SolutionFamily of System


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Several networks with different architectures

Each network is autonomous

Interconnected to form global network

Each network is an IMT-2000 family member

Network

Architecture

1

Network

Architecture

2

Family

memebr 1

Family

memebr 2

Radio Interface 1 Radio Interface 2

Family Member Functional Subsystems


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Family Member Functional Subsystems

PS-CN RAN CS-CN

MT UIMUIM: User Identity Module

MT: Mobile Terminal

RAN: Radio Access Network

PS-CN: Packet Switched - Core NetworkCS-CN: Circuit Switched - Core Network

Radio Access Network (RAN)


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Radio Access Network (RAN)

Provides Radio Access to Mobile Terminal

Communicates with Core Network Acts as a bridge, router and gateway to core networks

Examples:

CDMA2000

W-CDMA

UWC-136


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Core Network (CN) Entity

Provides specific network functionality Communicates with

RAN

Other CNs

Composed of may subsystems

HLR, VLR, WIN subsystem

Provides

Network intelligence

Transport of information across the global network

Core Network Domains


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Circuit Switched (CS) Domain

Provide circuit switched services

Examples: Traditional voice services, Fax

Connection to PSTN/ISDN networks

Based on existing GSM interfaces

Packet Switched (PS) Domain

Provide packet based services

Example: Internet access, Multimedia services

Connects to Mobile IP networks

Based on GPRS interface

IMT 2000 Spectrum Recommendation


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p

Spectrum identified by WRC-1992:

18852025 MHz 21102220 MHz

Total of 230 MHz

Additional spectrum identified by WRC-2000:

806960 MHz

17101885 MHz

25002690 MHz

Spectrum for 3G in Europe


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p p

Terrestrialunpaired

band

Terrestrial

pairedband

Satellite

Terrestrialunpaired

band

Terrestrialpaired

band

Satellite

IMT - 2000IMT - 2000

1885

UE to UTRAN UTRAN to UEMHz

1900 1920 1980 2010 2025 2110 2170 2200

Spectrum for 3G in USA


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Current spectrum allocation for 2G will be used for 3G networks

In-Band evolution for IS-95 to cdma2000

Clear existing spectrum for GSM to UMTS

Clear existing spectrum for IS-136 to UWC-136

Auctions planned for 700 MHz

2 blocks (20 MHz and 10 MHz)

6 geographic areas

May be used for 3G services

IS-95 Based Systems Evolution


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IS-95A (CDMA) based systems (Current)

Improved voice services (14.4 kbps) + low data rate

Short message services, over the air activation and other improved services

IS-95B based systems (Intermediate)

Support for data services with speeds up to 115 kbps

Location tracking services, asymmetric data rates, improved handoffs and

high speed data services (IS-707-A)

cdma2000 based systems (3G)

3G data rates (384 kbps outdoor, 2Mbps indoor)

IS-41 with WIN services

R-P interface for packet and IP capabilities, etc.

GSM Based Systems Evolution


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GSMPhase 2 (TDMA) based systems (Current)

Improved voice services (14.4 kbps)

Short message services, over the air activation and other improved services

High Speed Circuit Data Services (HSCDS) (57.6 kbps) (Intermediate)

EDGE/GPRS packet data networks implement first phase of CAMEL

W-CDMA based systems (3G)

Realize UMTS vision, evolve to W-CDMA systems

5 MHZ wide channels to provide 3G data rates

All-IP networks

IS-136 Based Systems Evolution


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IS-136 (TDMA) based systems (Current)

Voice quality comparable to wireline

Improved services based on WIN model

IS-136+ based systems (Intermediate)

UWC-136 (EDGE) for high data rates

UWC-136 based systems (3G)

UWC-136 indoor ?

UMTS ?

Who Will Implement 3G


88/90

Copyright 2001-2010


88

p

Japan

Around 2001-2

Europe

Around 2003

US

1x, around 2001-2

3x or equivalent, around 2003-5

Implementation Challenges


89/90

Copyright 2001-2010


89

Seamless roaming

Interpreting service definitions in different networks

Different operational interfaces

Handoffs

Between different core network

Between 3G and 2G networks

Interfacing with multitude of data networks

Internet, Private Intranets

Billing

Other Challenges


90/90

Existing subscriber base

Reluctance to move to 3G

Support may be required for both 2G and 3G networks

Demand

Demand for 3G services is not known yet

Cost

To acquire new spectrum

To attract new/existing customers

To deploy new networks

New terminals to subscribers

3g wireless with umts day4

Documents