Groupe GEPP OFCE - 28/6/ 2007

Migration and diversity in EU: recent trends and

new challengesThird European Demography Forum

The Demographic Dimension of the Europe 2020 Strategy

Chantal Cases – Director of the Institut National d’Etudes Démographiques (INED)in association with

Thomas Dubois (INED)

Demographic Dynamics of the European Union

Historical perspective

� European emigration in the late 19th century� 52 millions of migrants between 1824 and 1924

� South-North migration of workers from 1950’s to 1970’s

� European integration process and migration� Key vector of European integration and regional

modernization

� From migration of workers to free circulation of citizens

Foreigners (% of Total Population) 2009/EU-25

Immigration flow and Immigration rate (% of population) 2009/EU-25

Emigration flow and Emigration rate (% of population) 2009/EU-25

Foreigners-Annual Growth rate (1998-2008)* EU-27

Non nationals but citizens of other EU-27 countries (% of Foreigners) 2009/EU-25

Immigration flow of non EU citizens by origin countries(High-Medium-Low development) 2009/EU-25(sample)

Citizens of European countries (EU-27)

Immigration flow of EUcitizens (return + non nationals) 2009/EU-25(sample)

The economic integration

� The Nature of Immigration depends on national labour market differences� by proportion of guest workers� by types of contracts� by gender� by age

Share of temporary contract within the Employee Population (migrants + graduated migrants)

2000/EU-12(sample)

Foreign Women of 15-64 years old (% of 15-64 yearsold foreigners)

Foreigners of 65 years old and more (% of foreigners)

Program Socrates

� 190 000 european students embedded in 2008-2009

� A constant increasement since 1987� In 2010, more than 2.2 millions of students

have participated to the program� The benefit of the program are important

either in terms of cultural or economicintegration

Net migration balance(2007) &Annual Growth rate of GDP-ppa (2001-2005)

Regional data

Conclusion

� What are the real issues in terms of International Migration for EU ?

� Lisbon Objectives

� A ‘win-win’ scenario for East to West intra-european migrations

� A ‘win-win’scenario with the European Blue Card

� The Union takes probably a comparative advantage in its capacity to guarantee the conditions of the Transnational Labor Market in the European scale

Conclusion

� The connectedness to other countries (Eurobarometer)

� Different types of connectedness� Feelings of attachement � Expectation to emigrate

� European migrants in France (TéO survey)

� Transnationalism Indicators� Qualifications� Labor & Matrimonial Market