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Project done by:10508016-ANKITA PATHAK10508054-HARVENDRA NAGAR10508115-RAHUL SHARMA

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In this project, a new technique toimprove the input power factor of a single-phase rectifier with output inductor, based ona two-quadrant shunt active power filter, ispresented. The application of the presentedAPF enables the extension of the rectifieroperation range in the continuous conductionmode (CCM) where the voltage at the load is

regulated.

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Shunt active power filters (APF) consist of a

power electronic converter which injects acompensating current to the grid, with the harmoniccontents equal to the nonlinear load, but with oppositephase, resulting in a sinusoidal grid current, in phasewith the voltage achieving an unity input power factor.

In this paper, a new technique to improve theinput power factor of a single-phase rectifier withoutput inductor, based on a two-quadrant shunt activepower filter, is presented. Still, the application of theproposed APF to this rectifier topology enabled the

extension of the rectifier operation range in thecontinuous conduction mode (CCM), in other words,with regulated output voltage.

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A Study of Active Power Filters Using Voltage-SourcePWM Converters for Quad-Series Harmonic Compensation byFang-Zhang Peng, Hirofumi Akagi, member, IEEE, and AkiraNabae, fellow, IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol.5. no.1,January 1990 explains an active power filter using quad-seriesvoltage-source pulse width modulated (PWM) converters to

suppress ac harmonics by injecting compensating currents to theac system is described. The calculation circuit for thecompensating current references, the compensation characteristics,and the capability of the dc capacitor are discussed theoreticallyand experimentally. A new control circuit for the dc capacitorvoltage is proposed. These discussions focus on transient states,

based on the instantaneous reactive power theory. Finally, apassive LC filter is designed to remove the switching voltage andcurrent ripples caused by the PWM converters at the ac side. Someexperiments that illustrate the details of the study are shown.

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The Steady-State Performance of a Controlled Current ActiveFilter by Richard M. Duke, Member, IEEE, and Simon D.

Round, Student Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions on powerelectronics, vol. 8, no. 3, April 1993, describes an active filterthat uses a high-frequency D-class asynchronous switchinginverter for power system current distortion compensation isdescribed. The distortion compensation technique involvesderiving a signal corresponding to the distortion component ofload current, and inverting and amplifying this signal foraddition back to the supply current to cancel the load currentdistortion. A synthetic sinusoid is used to determine thedistortion component in the time domain. Extensive computedand experimental results, illustrating the systems steady state

performance and ability to reduce the current harmonicdistortion components, are presented. An intelligent controlleris proposed to maintain the active filters performance at theoptimal operating point under varying load conditions.

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SINGLE-PHASE SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER

CONDUCTION MODE

SIMULATION CONTROL STRATEGY

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SINGLE-PHASE SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER

The active power filter (APF) topology

employed is a bidirectional DC-DC converter

operating in 2-quadrant where the diode is

replaced by a MOSFET. The proposed APFconverter is connected on the DC side of the

rectifier followed by an inductive filter. The

active filter operation results in input side power

factor correction and input current harmoniccontents reduction.

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CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE (CCM)iL is not equal to zero

Vo (CCM)=0.9 (Voref)

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SIMULATIONMATLAB (MATrix LABoratory) is a fourth level

programming language. Simulink is an environment

for multi domain simulation and Model-Based

Design for dynamic and embedded systems. Itprovides an interactive graphical environment and a

customizable set of block libraries that let you design,

simulate, implement, and test a variety of time-

varying systems, including communications, controls,

signal processing, video processing, and image

processing.

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CONTROL STRATEGY

There are two main control strategiesused in single-phase active power filtercontrol:

The active power filter Voltage control

and input current control.The current control is responsible for the

input current shape control, which must be asine waveform in phase with the input

voltage.

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Bridge Rectifier:

Its use to convert sinusoidal voltage to DC voltage using 4 diodes, where 2 diodes willbe switched at each half cycle. A capacitor is used to smoothen DC without ripples.

CCM:

This rectifier can operate in the continuous conduction mode (CCM), when the loadinductor current never reaches zero and, consequently, the diode bridge is alwaysconducting. When operating in this mode, the load output voltage (Vo) depends only on

the effective input voltage.

UPF :

To reduce the input current harmonic the input current is made sinusoidal (in phasewith the input voltage). This is power factor correction (PFC) called as unity power factor.

Shunt Active Filter :The proposed active power filter (APF) topology consists in a bidirectional DC-DCconverter with capacitive energy storage. This converter presents the same operationstages of a VSI converter used on conventional single-phase APF application for thepositive half-cycle of input voltage. The proposed APF converter is connected on the DCside of a rectifier followed by an inductive filter. The active filter operation results ininput side power factor correction and input current harmonic contents reduction. Inaddition, the extension of the operating range on continuous conduction mode for thisrectifier is another motivation for this proposed APF application. Here in simulationboost converter is used.

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Switching period of Switches= 0.1ms.

Switching frequency=10KHz.

Cr=4700uF

Lr=1.4mh.

Resistive Load =13ohms Output capacitor=4700uF

Input voltage=230 V

Load Inductor=30mh

DC output(after PFC)=200V

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PI VOLTAGE CONTROLLER TF

kp= 17.33

PI current CONTROLLER TF

kp = 9.5*105

Band stop Notch Filter TF = S2+1/(s2+(1/Q)s)Q=0.784 (delta(f)/f)=48.67/62.08Delta(f)=f1-f2f1=1/(2*pi*sqrt(Lr*Cr))

f2=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L0*C0))

PARAMETERSSAF=400V VS=220V VO=205V

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Unity power factor

High efficiency

High power quality issues

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SMPS

UPS

HVDC

Traction

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[1] S. B. Dewan, Optimum Input and Output Filters for a Single-Phase RectifierPower Supply, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-17, no. 3, pp.282-288, May/June 1981.

[2] J. Choi, G. Park, S. B. Dewan, Standby Power Supply with Active Power FilterAbility Using Digital Controller, in Proc. IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conf.,1995, vol. 2, pp. 783-789.

[3] A. R. Prasad, P. D. Ziogas, S. Manias, A Novel Passive Waveshaping Method forSingle-Phase Diode Rectifiers, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol.37, no. 6, pp. 521-530, December 1990.

[4] J. Yanchao, L. Xiaobing, L. Zhuo, J. Jisheng, L. Xinhua, An Improved PassiveInput Current Waveshaping Method for Single-Phase Diode Rectifier, in Proc.IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, andInstrumentation, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 695 699

[5] H. A. Kazem, An Improved Method of Passive Input Current Waveshaping forSingle-Phase Rectifier, IEEE Compatibility in Power Electronics, pp. 1-4, 2007.

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