O

D

0

D

0-j

UU

L LU

THF, t:’.CONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESIn, ARCH INSTITUTECOUNCII~. 1985-1986

*’1’. K. \VHI’I’AKILI~.. M.SC.(I’~C:ON). I).I:C:ON.SC:.. LL.D., Presidenl oJ’lhe Inslitute.*P. L’t’NCH. M.A...x.,I.R.I.A.. (.llairnmn o[’lhe (,bunciL

D..1. BUCKI~I’]Y. I "ice Presidenl and (;eueral A.lanager, Merck. ATtalp and Dohme (h’eland)Ltd.. (.b. ’l’ippemrl,.

L. CONN E L LAN. B. 1"2.. C. 1"2NG.. M. 1. E. l.. Director General. Confederation of Irish hldustry.* S F.AN C R ON’[ l EN. B.A...t,~rcond .~,~’c~etag,, Delmrtment ofl.’mance.

G. DI~,AN. M.I).. F.R.C.P.. Medico-.%cial Re.~earch Boalff.N, .J. GIBSON. B.SC.(ECON.). PH.D.. I’~qfe.~m. I)epaltment o[" Ifconomics, I )liversitv

of l "lster. Coleroine.PATRICK A. [-IAI..L, B.E.. M.S.. DIP.STAT.. Director of Research. hutitule of

I’ubl& .’ldministratiml.*\V. A. IqONOHAN. M.A., F.I.A.

.x.’IICHAEL F. KI’~EGAN, B.A.. B. COMM.. D.P.A., F.I.p..x.’I...’,~rcretao,. Department ofL’tbom.

*KIERAN A. KENNED’,’, M.I’2CON.SC.. B. PHIL., PH.D.. Director of the Institute.T. P. LINI-2HAN. B.E.. B.SC.. Director. (,~nlral .S?al&lic.~’ ()Jfice.

*D. F. McALEE..%E. B.COMM...x.’I.A....x.’I.I~CON.SC.. PH.D.. II’halel), Professor oJ"Political Econon!v. 75iniO, Cblle~e, Dublin.

CHARLES *’IcCARTH\’. PH.D.. B.L.. Professor of Industrial Relations. 7Mnit_v(.bllege. Dublin.

*I-UGENE .McCAR’I’H’F. M.SC.(ECON.), D.ECON.SC., Director, I;~demted I)tionof E,iplo,,ers.

.JOHN J..,’vlcKAY. B.SC.. D.P.A., B.COMM., *’I.ECON.SC., ChiefE]recutive Officer,Co. Cbvan I.’ocational Education Committee.

*.l.F. ’Y.’IEENAN, M.A., B.L.

*D. NEVIN, ([eneml .Secretao,, Irish Congress of’Frade I )lions.~"I’OMf\S F. O COFAIGH, Governor, C~ntral Bank..]OVCE O’CONNOR. B.SOC.SC., *’t.SOC.SC.. PH.D., Director, .Social Research

(’entre, College of Hu,mnities. . \’btional Institute for H~tlher IEducation, Limerick.I). P. O’N[AI-1ONY. M.A.. F’H.I).. B.L.. ProJkssol, I)epartment of Economics, [ )liversitr

(.bllege, Cork.

LABHRAS O NUALLAIN, D.I’2CON.SC.B. F’A’IT’EI’~.SON. B.A., M. I. I.E., A. I. P.M.. Director (;eneml, h@h Management Institute.S. SHEEHY, B.AGR.SC., PH.D. Professor. Department of Applied.’lgricultural Economics,

I )live,s’i(1, College, Dublin..J. SPENCER, B.SC.(ECON), Professor, Department of Economics, 7"he Queen’s I_’niversity of

Belfast.T. C. TONER. B.CO."v[M., M.B.A., Managing Director, BIVGLtd.

*B. M. WALSH, B.A.. M.A.. PH.D., Prq[essoJ, .A’btional Economics of Ireland and AppliedEconomics, I )ffversitl, Cbllege, Dublin.

T. WALSH. M.AGR.SC.. PH.D.. D.SC.. M.R.I.A.*RE\;. C. K. WARD, B.A.. S.T.L.. P]-].D., Professor, Deparlmenl of Social Science.

I )liversiO, College, Dublin.P.A. WHITE, B.COM.YA., D.F’.A.. Managing Director, Industrial Development .’luthoritl,.

Dublin.

.,VOT"ICE OF .’I.A’2,VIL’IL GE.,VERAL MEET-I.N’G

Notice is hereby given that the Twcn@-sevefith Amiual General Meeting ofThe Economic and Social Research Institute (Limited Company registered inl)ublin, Registration No. 18269), will bc held at the Registcl~cd O[llcc at4Burlington Road, l)ublin 4, on Tuesday, 24 June 1986, at 4.30 p.m.

I.

2.

4.". j

5.

6.

.,I G I.S.I\’D.,I

Election of Presidcni

Minules df Last Meeting.

Accounts and Balance Sheet tbr the ,v.ear ended 31 Dccember 1985

Report of the Council to the Members

Elcctlon of Members to the Comlcll

Fixing the Auditors’ renmncration

By ordcr’o[" thc’:O6unc.il,

" .J; ROUGHAN,.’~’ecrelat~r

Registered Office,4 Burlblgton Road,Dublin 4

3 June 1986

CO.Aq-E.Ar"FS

Appendix A

Appendix I]

Appendix C

Appendix 1)

Appcndix 1"2

Appcndix F

Apl:)cndix G

Page

The Rcport of the Council 5

Twcnty-lifth Annivcl~ary I’Zvcnts I I

Stalling 13

Publications of’l’hc Economic and Social ResearchInstitute 16

Abstracts of I~SP, I Papers pld)lished in 1985 35

Omline of New Prqiecls begml in 1985 41

Schedule of ,.X.,lcn-d)crs 45

Income and EXl~cndimrc Accomlh Balance Shccl andAuditors’ Reporl Ibr the year ended 31 December 1985 56

THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

TWEj\’TT-SIXT-H A.AOVUAL REPORT

for the year ended 31 December 1985

REPORT OF THE CO0)VCIL

LA’TR OD UCTIO.N

T O mark the twenty-fifth anniversaey, in 1985, of the Economic and SocialResearch Institute, which was incorporated oil 24 June 1960, a special

Thomas Davis series of lilieen lectures on the theme "h’eland in Transition" wasbroadcast oil RTE Radio 1 in the period November 1985 to February 1986. Theseries covered the maior economic and social developments which haveoccurred in h’cland during a quarter century of great change. It was producedby Michael Lil tleton of RTE and Ihe consu hing editor was Kieran A. Kennedy,Director of tile Institute. Most of tile lecturers are, or have Ix:en, associated withthe Institute, either as Council or stall" members. A full list of the lectures, whichwill be pnblished as a book by Mercier Press in Autumn 1986, is given inAppendix A. I.

The Council also established a special Twenty-fifth AnniversaD, Fund undertile Chairmanship of Mr T. O Cofaigh, Governor of the Central Bank of h’eland.The i)urpose of tile fund is to raise capital to purchase computer and officesystems equipment for the Institute. The Institute has never been given a grantIbr capital purl)oses by the Slate and its entire spending on computer equipmentover the last 25 years has amounted to only £20,000. h was possible to get bysatislltctorily up Io now by using Ihcilitles at other locations. This will no longerI)e possible, however, without substantial invcstmenl in tile Inslltule itself tomaintain access to such [hcilitics. The target of the Fund-raising C;ommittce isto raise £2-50,000. Due to thc efl’orts of Mr O Coi’aigh and his committee, the fnndis well oil tile way towards meeling this larger. The members of tile Fund-raising Committee arc ~iamed in Appendix A.2. The Council wishes to thankIhem Ibr their vohmlary and effective hell) and also to acknowledge tile generousfinancial SUl)port received ti’om firms and organisalions Ihrougllou! the counlry.

A full list of contributors will be I)ublished in next year’s Annual Report.During [985 work continued on Ihe development of the Instilule’s Research

Plan covering the period 1986-1990. "File Council is grate[ul to the manyorganisalions and individuals who snbmiued suggestions in regard to researchtopics and other comments relating Io the work of the I nstimte. The stated needstbr research, as indicated by the vet’}, large volume of suggestions received, Ihrexceed tile amount of research which could be undertaken l)y the Institute in thenext five yem~ with the resources likely to be available. After the Council hascompleted Ihc process of establishing research priorities, the Research Plan willbe published in Ihe course of 1986.

Of particular satisfaction to the Council is the closer relalionship beingdeveloped in recent years with some Government del)arlments particularly theDeparmaents of Heahh, Social %’Vclfare, Education and Finance. Stafl’translk:rsand the inauguration of tile T. K. ~.,Vhilaker Research Fellowship scheme haveassisted this development. More recently Ihe provision ofconsu]tancy services to

5

Ihc Departnlents of Hcahh and Education has proved mmually beneficial. Tile

participation by Institute sta[|" in councils, conlmissions and working groups

sttch as tile Statistical Council, tile C, ommission on Social Wel[b.re, the PenalSystem Inquiry, tile inter-departmental groul:) on pOlgulation pl’OieCtiOnS, the

plll)]ic set’vice conlmlttee J~)r administrativc rcscaJ’ch and other groups, helps tomaintain awareness or policy problems.

REI,’IEI.V OF 1985l)uring the year 1985, Institute stall" F+ublislled [bur isstles of tile Quarterly

Economic Commentao,, seven papers in the Oeneral Research $eries~ live papers inthe Reprint Series, two papers in the Memorandura Series and eighteen papel-sin scholarly and technical jolu’rials inchlding "l-he Economic and Social Review. Inaddition Institltte stall+delivered t hirty-eight papers to learned societies and con-tlzrences. The stall+ also COnlpleted several commissioned researcll projects andsurveys tbr tile EEC and other agencies. All ol’these are listed in Appendix Cwhich also inchides a list ol’prqiects in progress in the Institute at 31 l)ecenlber1985. Abstracts of ESRI papers i:mMished in 1985 are given in Appendix D,

¯ ,,.,hile outlines of hey,, projects comrncrieed in 1985 are given in Appendix E. Thedetailed material in the appendices to this rel:~Ol+t givc a good indication ol’thebroad range o1" research undcrtakerJ by ESRI stall" during 1985. Here IlleCouncil v,,ishes only to IligMighl a fi:v,, of Ihe nlore signilicalll developnlenis.

Economic Forecasthlg and :14odellingFronl its inception 25 years ago, tile ESRI has bccn engagcd in sllort-lerrn

macroeconomic tbrccasting, and, since 1968, tile Institute has Ix:en pulJlislling aregular OJtarterly Economic CommentaO, (QEC). For sonic years past, however, tileInstitme has been conscious of the need to SUl+plement the QEC witl’. :-i longer-tel+m persl:)ective. With this in mind work began in 1985 on a Medium-’l~ermOutlook: 1986-1990 to be published early in 1986. This is tile lirsl vohnnc in whatis intended to be a eorninuing annual series. While tile central core ot+ tilenledium-term outlook ,.’.,ill be devoted to tile economy as a whole, il ,.,.,ill alsoinchide special articles on specilic sectors or isstles that car. be considered best illa nlcdium-term context.

Over tile past live years the hlstltute has taken a role in developing macro-economic model-building both nal ionally anti in Ihe broader conlext of I’~uro-pean developnlents in this area in association with the Commission oFthe l’~uro-pean Communities. Progress in tile clevelopmerJt ol’a medium-term model tbrh’clarid has been reported in previous years, l)uring 1985 tile tirst major applica-lion of tile mediunl-ternl model to h’ish conditions ,.,.,as undertaken and Iheresuhs publislled in tile paF, er Medium-Term Analysis of Fiscal Policy in lrehmd: +’1Macroeconomet+qc Study of the Period 1967-1980. The study investigated tile ellixct ofGovernment fiscal policies oil the evohition of the h’ish economy li’om 1967-80in areas such as enq~loyment, Otllplll growth, inllatic, n and 13ol’rowing require-menl. [n addition Phase I of the conslrllelion O1" a maerosecioral moclel Iorh’eland as part of the F.uropean model being developed by tile Commission oftile I’~uropean Communities ,,,.,as completed. ~,.Vork on Phase 11 of the model is.expected to commence during 1986. Work on n’mh i-scclor modclllngofthe hisheconomy v,,ith special reli:’rence to employnmnt prqjectior, s to 1990 was alsocompleted during the year.

.t;ectoral Economic .~TudiesThe main thrust o1" research ,.,.,as in the area ol" inanut?lctttring induslry.

Sitidies were published oil such inattel.’s as the role of small nlanulaciuringindustries, the induslrlal ellVil’Olllllellt in h’cland, Nol+th and ,"JOllth, Ioreignindilstrics in Ireland, die role oFIbreign direct inveslnlent in industrial devclop-illellt, tile i)ertbrmance ol+indigenous industry and I)rol)lems associated v.,ith late

7

industrialisation. This work will be SUl~plementcd by research in progress in thearea ofcorporate profitability and finance, and the development of the engineer-ing industry.

A study on Aspects of Freight "Transport in lrelandwas published. Various aspectsof the agriciihura[ and fishing industries such as the Common AgriculturalPolicy of the EEC (CAP) and developments in the salmon fishing industry wereinvestigated. A major review of the Bovine Tuberculosis Scheme was com-menced during 1985 which will review the operation of the Scheme since itsinception and make recommendations as to how to advance to a successfulcompletion. A revised isstle of The Economics of Agriculture (Institute of PublicAdministration, 1985), co-authored by a staffmember of the Institute, was alsopublished.

External TradeDnring the year a major prqject on the determinants oflrish imports was com-

menced. The study will examine the factors afli:ciing the volume of imports todetermine whether the apparent stabilisation in the propensity to import is infact real, why it has taken place and i[’it is likely to persist. Other questions whichwere addressed during 1985 were the demand for energy imports and h’eland’strade with developing countries. A special symposium was held on "TheEconomic Consequences of European Union" which investigated the economicimplications for h’eland of European union and the proceedings are dne to bepublished in 1986.

Regional DevelopmentResearch on reglonal estimates ofOross Vahle Added in h’ctand in 1981 was

completed and a rel)ort submitted to the Commission of the Eurol)ean Com-munities. Estimates of regional capital expenditure 1975-1982 were alsocompiled Ibr the EEC. Qnestions such as coordination of ntuhi-level planningand new policies [br rural development were also investigated.

Employment and UnemploymentOne of the major problems [~lcing tim h’ish econonay has been the continuous

and insidious growth in uneml)loyment which has now reached an a[I-tlme highlevel of nearly 240,000 registered unemployed. In recent years, the Institutedirected much of its resources towards investigating the unemployment problemand the factors in the economy which needecl Io he corrected or developed toenable the required growth in employment to take place. These efforts cul-minated in the publication of a maior report on Employment and UnemploymentPoller,for Ireland in 1984. Continuing this work in 1985, stalrofthe Institute pro-vided a large input into the report of the National Economic and Social Cotlncilon The Study of Manpower Policy, and undertook muhisector analysis ofthe h’isheconomy with special re[~rence to employment projections. Staffalso evaluatedmeasures to assist the long-term unemployed in selected OECD countries andunclertook a special study Ior the Commission of the European Comnmnities ontraining and other manpower measures Ibr long-term unemployed adults inselected countries. The relationships between real wages and employment andbetween jobs and borrowing were investigated. ~,.Vork was continued on theexamination of the transition from full-time education to working ]iliz and otheraspects of youth unemployment.

8

Public Eapenditure and TaxationPublic expenditure and taxation is an area of l~ublic concern at the present

time. Research complcted during 1985 and ongoing investigations emphasisethe ESRI’s work in providing relevant ol~icctive knowledge for policy-makersand the public at large. A major study, published during 1985 examined thestructure, financing and utilisatioo of the h’ish medical care system. The reportincorporated the resuhs ofa smwey of h’ish households and for" the lit’st time pro-vided much new intbrmation on h’ish medical care use. Another" maior studyquantified the growth and financing of social insurance in h’eland and outlinedtile cost implications of maintaining current relationships between socialit~sHrance l:)eosion contributions, benefits and a‘.,erage industrial earnings. Thiswork will be supplemented by l~trther research on the cost and value of the CivilSol’vice Pension Scheme. Thc study, The Irish l.l/ealth Tax, A Case Study inEconomics and Politics, evaluated the [brm|dation, implementation and eventualabolition of the h’ish Wealth Tax which was introduced in 1975 and terminatedin 1978. The conch|sion is that the tax ",,,,as a cosily failure li’om which, however,useful lessons can I~ learned. Other research ah’eady nearing completionincludes an investigation of employment in tile public domain in recent decadesand costs and wage rates in ptd:~lic employment.

The ol~iective of increasing etliciency, accomltability and ell~ctiveness inpublic social expenditure can only be serlous]y attempted "where a comprchen-si’,,e information base on service provision anti utilisation exists at art individualor household level. Work is at an advanced state in tile Institute in developingammual or biennial surveys of participation by households in publicly I’madcdservices, such as social welfare, health, education and housing. The in[brmationgathered will also hell:) to establish the level, nature and distribution of povertyin Ireland and the main characteristics o1" those groups most prone to poverty.The only substantial source of iolbrmation hcretolbrc has been the HouseholdBudget Survey, the latest o[’which related to 1980, and it is unlikely that a newHousehold Budget Survey will be available before 1990. It is expected that theIh’st sm~,ey will be undertaken by tile Institute in tile latter" half of 1986 with 1heassistance of the Department of Social Welfare and tire Commission of the Euro-pean Commmfities.

Social ConditionsIn tl~e area of social research generally, work in the Institute has Ibcussed

increasingly on public policy issues. The report on Crime Victimisation in theRepublic of Ireland, published during 1985, compared tile level ofcrime in h’elandwith that of other countries and detailed those groups which were most at risk.During 1985 a substantial contribution was made to the preparation of theReport of the Committee of Inquiry into the Penal ,System set tip by the Minister IbrJustice. These reports incorporated the resuhs of the basic research on crime andthc criminal justice systcrn carried out in the ESRI in recent yem~. Other areasof policy-orienled research in progress in the Institute include studies ofeqHalityand effectiveness in education, the living circumstances o1" h’ish travellers, socialmobility, and prolik:s of children in care.

Commissioned ResearchUndertaking commissioned pro.iccts for outside organisations has been an

9

\

increasing factor in the activities of tile Institute in recent yem’s. As well asmaking a useful contribution to the lnstitute’s budget, commissioned projectsalso serve to add balance to the lnstitute’s research programme in regard to rele-vance and utility. During 1985 eight research projects were completed for theCommission of the European Communities and other agencies and businessescovering topics snch as regional estimates of total value added in Ireland, coldstorage capacity in Ireland, training and other manpower measures for long-term unemployed aduhs in selected countries and the use of drugs among post-primary school children. In addition, the lnstitute’s Survey Unit undertook andat’talysed sut’veys on behalf of the Commission of the European Communities,various Government departments and agencies and private business interests.Much of the inlbrmation gathered by these surveys is of considerable interest tothe Institute in implementing its own programme of research particularlysut’x, eys of school-leaveI’s, pension fimds, and drug use.

Production of Technical PapersIn the conduct of research the Institute employs the most up-to-date academic

methods of analysis. Issues ofconsiderable technical complexity may arise whichrequire to be investigated and this at times leads to theoretical insights orimaovations in methodology that transcend the particular research project andare relevant to scholars inside and outside h’eland. A nttnll:~r of such papel’spublished in international journals is listed in the Appendices.

(,,buncil changesThe Cotmcil wishes to record its sadness at the death, inJanuary 1986, of Dr

MichaelJ. Killecn who had been a member of the Council of the Institute since1974. During 1985 Prole:ssor R. D. C. Black, Mr E. O’Driscoll and Mr I.O’Fionnghalaigh retired ti’om the Council. Mr D.J. Buckley, MrL. Connellan,Mr M. F. Keegan and Professor John 1"2. Spencer were elected to the Council.

Final .’1 ccountsThe Income and Expenditure Account, Balance Sheet and Auditors’ Reporl

[br the year ended 31 December 1985 are given in Appendix G. Total income Ibrthe ":,,ear was £1,509,691, the Government grant being £1,113,200. Income fi’omother sources amounted to £396,491 representing twenty-six per cent of totalincome. Current expenditure Ibr the year amomatcd to £1,515,057 includingdepreciation of £9,030. Expenditure for the year is shown less an amount of£8,935 which was charged to Economic and Social Studies in respect of salariesand wages Ibr 1985. This charge has been waived and v.,ritten off in the BalanceSheet.

P. LynchC. K. Ward

Meml)er of CouncilMember of Council

10

Appendix A

TI’FEAq’I: FIF’Yfl A,A{?,:I VERSA R 1" E I:E.NTS

I.7-homas Davis Lecture ,Series

/~"IOLLO\’VING is the list of lectures broadcast fi’om November 1985 toFebruary 1986 in the RTE Thomas Davis lecture series, Ireland

i# Tr~msiUon, il~ associalion wilh Ihc Twcmy-fifih Aimivcrsary o1" ihe ESRI:

Economic Development 1958-1985beland in the World EeononO,13mplo.yment, Unemployment and Emigrationlndasto,: The Revolution UnfinishedAgriculture and Other .N’ataral Resources7-lie Growth of GovernmentLiving 57andardsClass and Social MobilityThe Family hi TransitionCrime arid the Criminal .Justice SystemIndastrial RelationsThe Regional Perspective"l’he Church and ChangePolities and Change"l-he .ACexl "l-wenly-five T’ears

T. K. WHITAKER.D. McALEESEJ. j. SEXTONK. A. KENNEDYR. O’CONNORB. WALSHPE’FER CASSELLSC. T. WHELANF. KENNEDYD. B. ROTTMANM. FOGARTYG. O TUATHAIGHD. FISHERB. FARRELL

.J. LEE

2. The ESRi Twenty-Jifth Anniversary Fund

THHF~ Iollowing is the mcrnl~ership of the ESRI Twcntv-fi[ih, . Anni-JL. versary Fund established by thc Council in 1985 to raise a sum

o1"ff250,000 Ibr essential computer and oll]ce systems equil~rnent.

Mr. T. 0 COFAIGI-I (Chairman)Governor, Central Bank of Ireland

Mr. J. DALYManaging Director, ICL

Ms. M. FINANManaging Director, I’Filson-HartnellPublic Relations

Dr E, McCARTHYDirector. I;’ederated Union of Employers

Mr.J.F. MEAGHERExecutive DepuO, Chairman,Independent .ACewspapers

Ms. M. DOWNESBank of Ireland

Professor K. A. KENNEDYDirector, ESRI

Prol~ssor M. MacCORMACDepartment of Business Studies, UCD

Dr C. H. MURRAYDirector, .ACorthern Bank

11

Dr. j. O’CONNORDirector, ,Social Research Centre,.AqHE, Limerick

Mr. F. J. O’REILLYChairman, Ulster Bank

Mr T. TONERChief Executive, B H;G Limited

Me M. O’KEEFFEDirector, Allied Irish Banks Ltd.

Senator EOIN RYANChairman, New Ireland Assurance Co.

Dr T. WALSHCouncil Member, ESRI

Dv T. K. WHITAKERPresident, ESRI

12

I’. Staff at 31 December 1985Director

Depul), Directo~

Assistant Director(.,Idminlstration) & Secretao,

Conaultant

Resealch Professors

Senior Research Officers

Re~earch Officer

Assistant Research Officers

Research /la~istanta

Opelations A’lanager, Sun~O, l init

Librarian

Accounts Officer

Director’s Secretary

:lssiManl Director’s SecrelaO,&tpemisor of Typists

Appendix B

STAIrFING

K. A. Kennedy

1). Cormilli:

J. Roughan

R. O’Co,mo,"

E. E. Davis, 1). F. Hannarl, E. W. Hen,y, J. J. Sexton,

B.J. Whclan (Head of Survey Unit)

P. Bacon, T. J. Baker, J. Bradley, R. Brccn,

J. D. FitzGerald, G. Hughes, M. Ross, 1). B. Rotunan,

C. "1". Whdan

E. O’Mallcy.

G. Kcogh, K. O’Higgins, S. Scott

T. Giblin, B. Halpin, L. Hayu.’s, T. Quinn, M. Reidy,

J. Williams

E. M. C~]lbert-Stanley

M. Doran-O’Rcilly

D. Hcgarly

F. O’Sldlivan

A. Mcancy ’

M. CleatT&tperuisor, Machine Room - .gitmO, Unit R. MacCarthy

Clerical Ofricers P. Brw,,,’nc, M. Cagncy, A. Curt,’an, B. Forde,

M. Geoghchmn, P. Hopkins, M. McEIhonc, R. Moore

Clerical Aawistants J. l~mrkc, P. I)cvlin, A. l)lmllhoc, G. Gough, P. Hughes,

M. O Still ~ an, E. Power, M. Rohan, M. Swords, N. VCalsh

Porters/h.le.~u’enget~" J. Bates (Head), J. Clarke

(;aterelx P. Hiney, A..,Mc(’;owan, M. Smith (Sul)ervisor)

Cleaners M. I)ul|~,, C. Glccson, M. |-Iceney (Sulxrvisllr),

A. Moloney, M. Walsh

T. Callan (Nufllcld College, Oxlbrd),

M. Wiley (Del~artmcnt of Hcahh)

W. M. Batemar~ (l)cF, arlmera ol’Agrlcuhure)

Staff monbers on secondment or

leaue of absence

7~ A2 IVhitakel Research

I.’dlowship

2. Staff Changes

J W. GRUBE resigaled fi’om the staff" of the Institute in August 1985.¯ R. Breen was promoted to Senior Research OI1~cer grade in Novem-

ber 1985. The Ibllowing Research Assistants left and joined the staff" dur-ing the year:

left M. Boyle Joined T. GiblinD. McHugh B. Halpin

C. Prendergast T. Quinn

13

3. Other ,Staff Commitments

A number of stall" continued to perform a limited amount of teaching in

the universities and in other [brutus of professional or adnh education.

The staff" of the Institute also participated in a number of national and inter-

national conferences.

J. BRADLEY

R. BREEN

D. CONNIFFE

E. E. DAVIS

M. DORAN-O’REILLY(1)

D. F. HANNAN (i)

K. A. KENNEDY (i)

(it)(iii)

M. F. McELHONE (i)

R. O’CONNOR (i)(il)

K. O’HIGGINS (1)(ii)

M. ROSS (i)(ii)

D. B. ROTTMAN (i)(ii)(ill)(i,.)

J. J. SEXTON (i)(ii)(ill)

B.J. WHELAN (1)C. T. WHELAN (1)

(i) Fditor, Journal of Irish Xtudies in International Affairs(il) Member, Irish .Arational Committee jbr Study of International

Affairs, Royal Irish .,Icadentl,

(i) Member, Advisory (,~mmittee of the Xlulnnon 83/86 Curricuhaa

De*:elopnlent Project

(i) Chairman, ,S~atiatical Council(it) Joint Editor, The Economic and Social Review(iii) (,buncil, ,hTatistical and Social Inquirl. Society of Ireland

(i) Co-Operation .,Votth, Research Adviser(it) .,IdvLwr. hish Peace Institute and the Joint Ptogtamnle of

Co-operation and Interaction in Peace and C~nflict 57udits(iii) Member, IVothing Group on ValueJ and Social Probletm

Indicatot,i in Contemporary Europe, European ScienceInMitute

Menlber, Committee on Libra9, Co-Operation in Ireland

Council, Econondc and Xocial Studies

Chairman, Irish .Nhtional Committee for Fconomic and SocialSciences, Rol,al Irish Acadenly

Council, Economic and Xocial Studies7"reasurer, Xtatistical and Social InquiO, Society of Ireland(.buncil, Economic and Xocial .~’tudies

[;ice- President, Xtatistical and Xocial Inquio, .~cieO, of Ireland

Cbnsultant to Economics and Rural Welfare Research (~ntre,.,In Fores Zahlntaia

(iii) ~tqenlbet of the Oepartmem of the Public A~rvice (~btnmittee for.,Idministratil~e Research

Council, Economic and Xocial StudiesCbmmiltee on I"amilr Research. International Xociolo¢ical

:l,~;~ociat ion

Executive. Council of the European A4ovement

Executive, European I"ederation of Economic Research

~t4enlber, Committee on Inquiry into the Penal .~strmA4ember, Conunisaion on Xocial IVelfareCouncil, Economic.and Social .~ueliesMember, Criminological Scientific (’ouncil, Council of Europe

Menlber, Xtatistical CouncilMember, Interdepartment Group on Population Projections(,bmmlttee on J4anpower 7-tends, Higher Education Authority

Member, ,~Tatistical (,blmcil

Mentber, CSO IVorkin¢ Part_l. on the Development of a Census-based Xocial (;lass Scale

14

4. Fellowships awarded in 1985

I~"IELLOWSHIPS Ibr post-graduate study abroad were awarded during

the year as follows:*M. BOYLE:

M. T. DILLON:

*C. GUIOMARD:D. MADDEN:P. O’CONNELL:

*C..J. PRENDERGAST:B. M. REILLY:D. WATSON:

Univel’sity of Toronto, Canada, Ph.D. inSociologyUnivcl’sity of Calitbrnia, U.S.A., Ph.D inSociologyNufl]eld College, Oxlord, M.Phil. in EconomicsNutl]eld College Oxtbrd, M.Phil. in EconomicsIndiana University, U.S.A., Ph.D. in SociologyLondon School of Economics, M.Sc. in EconomicsOnivet’siW of Warwick, Ph.D. in EconomicsUniversity of Wisconsin, Ph.D. in Sociology

*Indicates fellowships ofl’~red Ibr first time in 1985; the oihel’s are renewals.

15

Appendix C

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ECO.N-OMIC ,’LARD SOCIAL RESEARCH

b\(S’TI TUTE

1 BOOKS AND MONOGRAPHS BY STAFF MEMBERS

I. Europe’s Future in Figures (North-Holland Publishing Co.,Amsterdam, 19623.

2. "l-eatbook ofP2conomic .’lna(1,sla. h’ish Edition (Macmillan & Co.,London, 19633.

3. ElementsofLinearl’rogrammingwithEconomicllhtstrations(CharlesGriltln & Co. Lid., London, 19643.

4. Econometric Techniques and Problems (Charles Gritlin & Co. Ltd.,London, 19663.

5. "l’he Motivation and Pioductivitr of ~ung If’omen Wotkels (INPC,1969).

0. Pbm StudieJ in Achievement (Allen and Unwin, 19703.7. (.~reer, Family and Sex (Alien and Unwin, 19703.

8. II~men and Top Jobs (Allen and Unv.’in tb," PEP, 1970).9. Rural Exodus (Geolli’ey Chapman, 19703.

10. ..In Introdaction to the Study of I%sonalitr (Macmillan & Co.,London. 19703.

I I. Per~onalit), and.,Vational Character (Pergannon Press).19. Pmductioitr and Industrial Growth: The hish Eaperience

(Clarendon Pu’ess, Oxlbrd, 1971).13. I’dnciple~ofFarmBusinessandManagemtnt(IrishUnivcz~ityPress,

19733.Elements oj’Linem Programming with 1"2conomic lllmtlatiom Second

Edition, (Charles Gritfin & Co. Ltd., [.,ondon. 19733.15. Operational Research ’72, proceedings of Sixth International Confer-

thee of the International b)deration of Operational Research Abciet),(North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsten’d,am, 1973).

16. Agricultural Economics" (A. Folcns & Co. Ltd., Dublin, 19733.

17. Kve, ciseJ in :~4athematical Economics and &¥onometric.~ (CharlesGriffin and Co. Ltd., London and High Wyeombc, 19753.

18. The’Irish EeononO, (Studies, Economic ar, d Financial Series, No.10, Brussels: G~mm~ission of Eurol)can Communities,19753.

19. Inpm-Output :lnall,~ia and ira Applications (Charles Gy’ilfin & Co.Ltd., London, 19753.

20. Economic Growth in heland: 7"he Experience since 1947 (Dublin:Gill and Macmillan and Ne;v York: Barnes and Noble, inassociation with The Economic and Social Research Insll-rule, 19753.

21. Political Culture in lreland: "Fit, I"iews of 7"wo Generations (Dublin:Institute of Publlc Adminisu,ntion.S cplember 19763. Withan Introduction by ,J. H. Whytc.

’-)2. Energl, Conseruation in h’ehmd 1975-1985: Report to the Minister forTransport and Powel (Dublin: SlalionelT Otl]cc, Novembl_’r1976).

23..S)atistical Aspects of Subject&e A’lem~tteJ of (~ualiO, of Life (London:SSRC Sun’vey Unit, Occasional Papen~ in Sm~,’ey Rl:~:archNo. 4. 19763.

16

R. C. Geary (Editor andcontributorEdwaM Ncvin

R. C. Geary andM. D. McCarthyC. E. V. Lt..’s,.:r

Ndln’in Ni Bhroin

M. P. Fogm’ly (Editor)M. I’. Fogarty andRobert and RlmnaRalZolx)rlM. P. Fogau’ty (Editor)D. HaumanR. Lynn

R. l,ynnK. A. Kennedy

R. O’Connor

R. C, G,.:m’y a.dJ. E. SlzencerM. Ross (Editor)

S. T. Shcchy andR. O’ConnorR. C. Gea,’y and,J. E. Six:nee,"K. A. Kennedy andR. Bruton

R. O’Coumor andE. W. Hen~’K. A. Kennedy andB. R. Dowling

j. Raven, C. T. Whelan,P. A. Pfi’el;,_~chner andD. M. BorockF.. W. Henry

13..J. %Vhclan andC. A. (5 M.iu’chcartaigh

24. Study on the Possible/’art Pla),ed bl, Certain Primary.Aron-IZmploymentIncomes in the Inflationary Process in h+eland (Series: Mediumterm economic policy, Vol. 9 Brussels: Commission of theEuropean Communities. 1977).

25. Irt)h Economic Policy: /I Reviewof Major lssttes (Dub[in: The Econ.omic and Social Research hlstitute, 19783.

26. "The O’nemployment Problem in Ireland.- Background Analysis and PolicyOptions (The European League [br Ecor, omic Co-oF, el,’afionand The h’ish Council of’the Furopean Moverncnt, 1978).

27. The 5~read of Shiflwork in the European Comntunity: Ireland(European Foundation fbr tile Iml~rovement of Livingand Working Conditions, 19893.

28. The h’ish Economy and Abcie(v in the 1980s. Papers presented atESRI Twenty-first AnniversalT Conli:rence, 6 October1981. (I)td)lin: The Economic and Social Research Insti-tute, 1981).

29. The Economic and .~bcial State of the .A’~tlon. A Series of PublicLectures to mark tile "[’wcnty-first Anniversary of thcESRI (May 1982).

30. The Irish Econon~,: PollO, and Performance 1972-1981 (July 19823

31. Employment and Unemplo),ment Policy for Ireland. (Dublin: The|’]conomic and Social Re’search Institute. (FebruatT 19843

32. 15*blic Abcial Eapenditure - I,’alue for A,Iono,? Papel.’s pre~nted ata Conference, 20 November 1984. Dublin: The Economicand Social Research Institute (January 19853.

33. The Economics of Irish /Igriculture (Dublin: The Institute o!"

Public Administration, 1985

R. C. GoatT andF. P. Murphy

B. R. Dowling andJ. Durkan (Editor’s)B. M. Walsh

E. W. l-lenry,K. A. Kennedy,

A. Foley and T. HealyESRI Stall"

J. F. Meenan,M. P. Fogarty, Bishop.1. Kavar~agh, L. RyanP. Bacon, J. l)m’karl

J. O’LcaO,D. Conniffe andK. A. Kennedy (EditorsSlalI’ESRI

S.J. SheehyR. O’Connor

F,’a~ of

publication

1961 I.2.

1962 3.4.5.6.7.

8.

9.10.II.

1963 12.13.14.15.16.

17.1964 18.

19.

II GENERAL RESEARCH SERIES

"l-he Ownership of Personal Property in Ireland.Short-7-erm Economic Forecasting and its/Ipplication in Ireland.The h’ish 7-aHff and the E.E.C.: A Factual ,S~rvo,.Denland Relationships for Ireland.Local (;overmnent Finance in Ireland.- /I Plelbniaarl, A’utvev. ¯ ¯Prospects of the hqsh Econon9, in 1962.The Irish H;oollen and ]’l;orsled Industry, 1946-59: A ,~#udv in

Statistical Method.The Allocation of Public P)mdr for Social Development.The Irish Price level: A Cblaparatit~e .Stud),.Inland 7¥ansport in Ireland." A Faaual 5~ttt~ey.Public Debt and Economic Developmem.IVages in Ireland, 1946-62.Road 7-ramport: The Problems and Prospects in Ireland.bnpolts and Economic GIowth in Ireland, 1947-61.The Iriah Econon9, in 1962 and 1963.Irish County Incomes in 1960.

The Capital .~2ock of Irish Industo,.Local Government Finance and (.bunt), Incomes.Industrial Relations in Ireland: The Background.

17

Edward NcvinAlfi’ed KuehnEdward NevinC. E. V. Le~rDavid V~TalkerAh’cd KuehnR. C. Geary

David WalkerEdward NcvinD.J. ReynoldsEdward NevinEdward NevinD.J. ReynoldsC. E. \:. Lc~rC. E. k:. Le.~rE. A. Attwood andR. C. GearyEdward NevinDavid WalkerDavid O’Mahony

1965

1966

1967

20. Social A’ecutity in Ireland and Western Europe.21. The Irish Economy in 1963 and 1964.22. The Cost Structure of Irish lndusto,, 1950-60.23. .,I Further Analysis of Irish Household Budget Data, 1951-52.24. Economic Aspects of Industrial Rdations.25. Ps},chological Barriers to Economic Achievement.26. Stasonality in Dish Economic Statistica.

27. The Iriah Econon!r in 1964 and 1965.28. Housing in Ireland: A’ome Econonllc Aspects.

A A’tatistical A)udy of H;a~es, Prices and EnlplO,ment in the IrishManufacturing Sector.

30. Fuel and Power in Ireland: Part I. F~nergy Consumption in 1970.

31. Determinams of IVage Inflation in heland.

32. Rectorial Fntplo),ment Pattans in the Republic of Ireland.33. The Iriah Econon9, in 1966.

34. Fuel and Power in Ireland: Part IL Electricity and 7"urf

35. P~el and Power in Ireland." Part IlL International and Temporal

Aspects of Ener~r Consumption.

36. Institutional Aspects of (’ommerdal and Central IJanking in Ireland.37. Fuel and Power in Ireland." Part I V Soureea and I/sex of Energ),.38. .’1 .S~udy of hnports.39. The Irish F.conomy in 1967.

1968 40. Some A.~pects q[" l’rice Inflation fit h~laml.

1968

1069

1970

41. ..I zi4edium Term Planning Model for Irehmd.42. Some h’ish Population Problems Reconsideled.43. The Irish Brain Drain.,t4. A z~’lethod of Estimating the Stock of Capital in aVorthern Ireland

Manufacturing Industo,: Lhnitations and Applications.45. :In Input-Output ..Inalysis of the Agricultural Sector of the Irish

Econonp, in 1964.

46. The hnplisatiom for Cattle I’roduee*~* of A~asonal Price PTuctuations.47. "l’ransport in the Developing Econon9, of Ireland.

48. Social A?atus and Inter-Generational A’ocial MobiliO, in I)ublin.49. Personal Income by CounO,, 1965.50. Income-E.~penditure Relations in Ireland, 1965-1966.51. (.’o~Ia and 15"ice~ in Transportable Goods Industries.

52.

53.54.

55.

56.

Cetlabl :l.~pecta of .A’bn-.’lgricultural 1 tnemployment in Ireland.

A A~udy of Demand Elasticities for Iriah hnpo~ta.Internal M(gration in htland,

with :lppendlrReligion and Demographic Ilehaviou, in Irdandudth Appendis"

I’ielvs on I~v Increm~a, FHnge Benefits and I.ou, Pq~,.

57. Iqews on Income Difj~rential.* and the I’.’conomic Situation.

18

P. R. Kaim-CaudleC. E. V. Lc-scrEdward NevinC. E. V. LeserDavid O’MahonyP. PcntonyC. E. \;. LoserC. E, V. L~I"P. R. Kaim-CaudleC. St. J. O’Hcrlihy

j. L. BoothKeitll CowlirtgT. J. BakerThe Sial" of TheF.conomic Research] I1Slillll/2

J. L. BoothJ. L. Booth

Jolm HcinJ. L. BoothC. 1"7.. V. Le~erThe Slatl" of TheEconomic and SocialResearch InstituteR. C. Geary and.1. L. PratschkcDavid SimpsonBrendan M. WalshRichard Lynn

C. W. Jefferson

R. O’Connor withM. Breslin

R. O’Connor.Jl~hn BlackwellBern’am HutchinsonMiceal Ross,Jolm L. PratschkeW. Black,J. v. Simpson1). G. Slaue*TR. C. Geary and

J. G. HughcsDel’ln ot McAlceseR. C. Geary and

J. G. HughesC. J. GilhnanBrcndan M. ~,ValshR. C. Geary and

J. G. HughesH. Beh,’end,A. Knowles andJ. DaviesH. Bchrend,A. Knowlcs and.1, l)avics

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1975

1976

1977

58. Compute::~ in Ireland.59. National Differences in Anxiety.60. Capital Statistics for Idsh Manufaauring Industg,.61. Rural Household Budget - I:eosibility .Stud),.

62. Effeaive 7"a,’iffa and the 57,uctu,e of Industrial P, otection in hdand.63. Methodologr of Pe:~onal Income Estimation by CounO,.64. Pitrther Data on CounO, Incomes in the Si.lqies.

65. "l-he Functional Distribution of Income in Ireland, 1938-70.66. Irish Input-Output Structute~, 1964 and 1968.67. Social Stains in Dublin: Marriage, Mobility and I@st Emplq),ment.68. An Economic P’valuation of h’ish Sahnon Fishing, I: The Visiting

Anglers.69. I I;omen and l"mployment ia Ireland: Results of a .A’btional Survey.

70. IrishManufacturedhnportsfromtheUKinthe.~’ixties:TheFffectsof.,11P’7~4.

71. Alphabetical I/oting: A Stud-v of the 1973 General Election in theRepublic of Ireland.

72. A Stud), of the h’ish Cattle and Reof Industrles.

73.

74.75.

Regional I£mplqrment Patterns in .N’orthern Irelaml.

hish Full Emplorment Structure% 1968 and 1975.An Economic P’vahmtion of hish Salmon Fishing I1: The h’ish

Anglers.

76. Factors Relating to Reconviction among ~’oung Dublin Probationers.77. The 5?ruaur." of t ;nemployment in Irdand, 1954-79..78. .,In Economic Evahmtion of Irish 5~lmon I"ishing II1: The Commer-

cial P’ishern:en.

79.

80.81.

82.

83.

84.

85.

II:age Inflation and Wace Leadership: A Study of the Role of h~rWage Bargains in the Irish .~),sten: of Collective Bargaining.

An Economaric Study of the h’ish Postal A~wices.Employment Relation.~hip~ in h’ish (.bunties.

Irish Input-Output Income Multipliers, 1964 and 1968.

A ,Slutlr of the St.:ctute and Detern;inants of the BehavioumlComponent of Social Attitudes bl Ireland.

IQonomic A.q~ects of Local .,luthoritv E.~penditure and Finance.

Population Growth and Other Statistics of Middle-Sized Irish 7"owns.

86. 7-h,, Income .~’en.dtivitl, of the Personal Income 7"ax IJaae in I,~’land1947-1972.

87. 7"raditional P’amilies? I"rom (.~dtutall~, Prescribed to .ACeqotiattdRoles in Farm I.’amilie.~.

88. .’In Irish PersonaliO, Dijferential: A Technique for A4eaa~tringAffecti:Je and (.bgnitive Dimensions of Attitudes towards Persons.

89. RedundanO, and Re-emplq;,ment bt Ireland.

90. A .N?aional A4odel o[" I’):el .,lllocations - .,I P, otoO’pe.

19

F. G. l"osterRichard Lynn

C,. ~,V.. J ¢lli~l~sonSile Sheehy andR. O’ConnorDcrmot McAlecscMiceal RossMiceal Ross

J. G. HughesE. W. HenryB. HutchinsonR. O’Connor andB.J. WhelanB. M. Walsh a~islcdby Anrtetle O’TooleDermot M cAleescanti John MartinB. M. Walsh andChristopher RobsonT..]. Baker,R. O’Connor andR. l)unncW. Black and

C. W. Jcft;.:,.son1’2. ~,V. HenryR. O’ConnorB. J. Whclan andA. McCashin[an HartB. M. WalshB.J. WhclanR. O’Connor andA. McCashinW. E. J. McCarthy

J. F. O’Brien andV’. G. I)owdPeter NcaryT. J. Baker andM. RossJ. R. COl)eland andE. W. HenryE. E. Davis

,J. R. Col’,dand andB. M. I, ValshD. C,,,’tin.R. C. Gcary.T. A. Grimes andB. McntonB. R. Dowling

D. F. Hannah andL. A. Katsiao,miE. 1"2. I)avis andM. O’NeillB..J. Whelan andB. M. Walsh1’2. W. Henry andS. Scott

Ii

91. A Linear Programming A4odel fur Irish /[gdculture.

1970 92. Irish Educational Expenditures - Paat, Present and Future.

93. The Working and Living Comlitiona of Civil Service Typists.

94. Irish Public Debt.1979 95. Output and Employment in the Irish Food Industry to 1990.

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

96. Displacement and Development: Class, Kinship and Social (’hange inIrish Rural Comnmnities.

97. .4ttitudes in the Republic of Ireland relevant to the .Arorthern Ireland

Problrm: [1ol. I: Descriptive Analysis and Some Cbmparisonsulith Attitudes in .A’brthern Ireland and Great Britain.

98. Internal M(gration Flows in Ireland and their I)eterminants.

99. Irish Input-Output Struaures, 1976.I00. Development of the Irish Sea Fishing IndustO, and Its Re~ional

hnplisat ions.

101. Enlployment Conditions and ffob Satisfaction: The Distribution, Per-ception and Fualuation of ffob Rewards.

102. (.’rime in the Republic of Ireland.- Statistical 7"rends anti TheirInterpretation.

103. Measures of the Capital A’tock in the Irish ~4anujhcturing Sector,1945-1973.

104. A Study of aVational IVage Agreentents in Ireland.105. Socio~ Feonomic Impact of the (.bnstruction oJ’the ESB Power Station at

Moneypoint, Co. (,’late.

106. The Financing of Third-l.etlel bSducation.107. .,In Input-Output Analysis of .,Vew Indua’to, in h’Hand in 1976108. A~cial Insurance and Absence j;om IVorh in Ireland.109. The Distribution of Income in the Republic of Irehmd: A Study in

Class and Familr-Qrcle Inequalities.

II0.

Ill.

tl2.113.

The Economic and Social Circumstancea of the Flderl), in Ireland.

I t"orke~ Priorities, "lSlust in Management and Prospect~fot IVorkers’Participation.

The Impact of Energy pricea on the Irish Econong,19u ring 1973-1981A’(hoolin~ and ,Yea’ Roles: ,Yea" Dijferences in A)tbject Provision and

.Student Choice in Iriah Post-IJrimarl, A~hool.~.

114. Energy Crops, P’oleatO, and Regional Det,elopment in Ireland.

115. .’lggl~ate Supp(v, Aggregate I)emand and Income Distribution inh’eland: A :i4acroJectoral Analysis.

I 16. Social Mobility in the Republic oflrdand.- A (.bmparati~:e I’elapective.

117. Attitude~ Towards IJollerO, and Related Abcial laJue6 in hleland.

118. A ,S~U([]’ O/’IA’~/U House I’rice.i in heland bl the A~veuties.

2O

R. O’Connor,M. Ross nndM. Behan

A. [)ale TussingN6irin O’Broin andGillian FarrenRichard BrmonA. D. O’Rourke andT. P1 McStayDamiat’, F. Hannah

E. E. Davis andR. Sinnott

J, GI Hughes antiB. M. WalshE. W. Henry

R. O’Connor,J. A. Crutchfield,B1 ,J. Whelan andK. E. MellonC. T. ~,Vhelan

l). B. R~)ltman

R. N. Vaughan

,j. F. O’BrienR. O’Connor

,J. A. Crtltchfieh:l andB. ,]. WhclanA. (2. BarlowE. W. Hem’yGerard HughesDavid B. Rouman,

Damian F. Hannahand Niamh HardimanMiriam M. WileyB.J. Whelan andR. N. \;a.ghanCI T. Whclnn

E. W. HenQ,D. F. Harman,R. Breen andD. Watson,N. Hardiman,K. O’ HigginsF’..J. ConveO, andK. Drilx:hak

,J. Bradley andC. FarmingC. T. Whelan andB..J. ~,VhelanE. E. I)avis,

.Joel W. Grld~ andMark MorganI..l. h’vine

119.

1985 120.

121.

122.

Education and the Labour Market: [ l:olk and Unentplorment among R.B.’eenRecent Cohorts of Irish School Leavers.

I’a)uolIT~tlncidence, "lTteDiPect’l’axBurdenandtheRateofReturnG. Hughes

on A)ate Pensions Contributions in Ireland(’lime Victimisation in the Re[mblic of Ireland

Medium-term Anal).si.* of I.’iscal Polie), in helaml: :l Macro-econometric A?udv of the Period 1967-1980

123. 7"he h’iJh Wealth 7"ax. A (’else Study in Economics and Politic.~

12"1. .,hpeets of l"reight "l’mnsport in h~land125. Small-Scale :14anufacturing InduatD, in h’eland

126. h’ish Medical (.~lre Resources: .,In Economic Analysis

R. D. I],’ccn andD. B. Rottman

.I. Bradley,C. Fanning,C. Prcndergastand M. WynncC. Sandl~rd atldO. M o,’r is.~yJ. Shllrl IK. A. Kenneciy andT. Hcaly (assisted by

J. Bcrgln, "E Callan and

P. McNutt)A. Dale "Fussing

21

lll(a) QUARTERLY ECONOMIC COMMENTARY

April 1985JuO, 1985Oaober 1985December 1985

T.J. Bake,’, S. Scott, L. HayesT. ,1. Baker, S. Scou, L. HayesT..]. Baker+ S. Scou, L. HayesT.J. Baker, S. Scott, L. Hayes

.Special articles appearing in the Oj+arter~ Economic Commentary

April 1985"’The \:aluc of Cost Benelh Analysis of Road Prqiccls""’The Value ol+Cosl Benelh Analysis of Road I:’rqiects"-- m C{inllllell[

Nicholas Mansergh

Scan 1). Bar.’elt

July 1985"’Scasonality in the Business Survey""The Rcvi.~d CII-1"2SR[ Slll’~’ey -- A Note.+

D. Gonnitfi:S. Scot t

Ill(b) MEI)IUM-TERM OUTLOOKMedium4elm Outlook 1986-1990, ~A’~. I. I’)bruarr 1986)

Special articles appearing in the 1~4"~0"’Assessment ol+ F’,’<~lZ’osals tbr Changes in tl+c Comnmn Agri-

old t ut’~tl Policy""Foreign Owned lndnslry in h’etand: Pcrliwmancc and Pros-

11¢2CI s"

P. Bacon

R. O’Cormor

I’;oir, O’Mallcy

I;’a, ofpublication

1969I !)70

IV BROADSHEET SERIES

1. Dental A?rrdces in Ireland.2. 11 "e Can Ntop Risin~ I’rice~.3. Pharntaceutical +~ndces in htland.

4. Ophthalmic .~rvices in Ireland.

1971 5. Irish Pen.dons Schtme.~. 1969.

1972 6. The .%2¢ial A~ience Percentage .,X’hisance.7. PoverO, in heland: Research 15ioritie.s.

1973 8. hish Entrepreneurs .~oeak for Thenueh:es.1974 9. Marital Desertion in l)ublin: an eaplorator}, study.

10. Equalization of Opportunit), in Iteland: A’tatistical .,I,q;ects.

22

P. R. Kaim-CaudlcM. P. FogartyP. R. Kaim-Caudlcassisted byA. O’Toole andK. O’I)onoghucP. R. Kaim-Caudlcassisted byK. O’l)onoghHc andA. O"l’ooleP. R. Kalm-Caudleand J. G. Byl’rtcnssist cd byA. O’TooleR. C. GearyB. M. I.ValshM. I). FogartyK. O’HigginsR. C. Gearv andF. S. (3 MHircheartaigh

#

197.5 II. Public Social Expenditure in Ireland.19-. Problema in Ifcorwmlc I’lannb(q and PollO, I%~nalloa in Ireland, 1958-

1974.13. Crisis in the Cattle IndltffO,.

197 ? 14. A A’/ua~v of Schemes for the Relief of Ihlemplqrment in Ireland.

with .,Ippendix1978 15. L)ublin A~’lnon CbmmuniO,, 1971-1976: .,In I’~xplomtion.

16. Aspects of the Swedish Ifcononl), and their Releuance to Ireland.

197!) 17. The Iri.*tl I-IolLdng S..~tem: A Cdtlcal OtJerview.

1980

18. The Irish Itinerants: Some Demographic, Economic and KducationalAJpect.i.

19. A A~ud_v of Industrial I Ibl’kel~’ (.b-opemtit~es.

1983

20 Drinking in b~land." .,I Red,Jew of 75~nds ipt ,,I/cobM t~bn.mmpliolt,Alcohol Related I’wblems and Policies 7"own.In Alcohol.

21. :1 Retlieto of the Common Agricultural PollO, and the hnplications of

ModiJ~ed .~’vste.u for Ireland.

22. PollO, .%pects of Lmul-llse I’lannbt~ in Ireland.

198’~ 23. h~’ues i. Adoptiott bt h~land.

V. POLICY RESEARCH SERIES

l~a, ofpublicatlon

1979 I. Regional PollO, and the I’idl-I".mplqvment Target.

1980 2. Energl, I)emand in Ireland, Projections and Policl, Issues.3. Some Issues in the Methodolog), of Attitudp Research

198’/’ 4. Land Dcainage Polio1, in behtnd.

198.3 5. Recent Trend~ in l"outh Ifnemplo_rment.

F. KennedyD. Not’loll

R. O’Connor and

P. KcoghR. C. Gcary and

M. Dempsey1"2. Costa

I. HarlR. O’Connor,E. O’Malley and

A. FoleyT. ,]. Baker andL. M. O’Brien

M. I)empscy andR. C. GcaryR. O’C’.onlmr andP. KellyB. M. ’tV,’llsh

R. O" C.onlmr.C. Ouic, ma,’d and

J. DcvcrettxI;’. J, Ctlnvcry and

A. A. SchmidH.J. Ahramson

M. Ross andB. M. Walsh

S. ScottI:.. E. Davis,S. Sinnoll,T. J. Baker,1). F. Hannah.D. B. Roltman andB. M. WalshR, BrIIIIH1 lind

F. J. Ck.wcry.I. ,I- Sexton

VI. COMMISSIONED PROJECTS COMPLETED IN 1985

I. I’stimates of some legional capital expenditures 1975-198Z Rcporl to M. RossPl’Ol}ts.~or Bichl of lilt: Univcrsily of Fral]kliu’l-am-Main

2. 7"k." influence af uleather on the demand far cider; Report s.bmi/tcd Io

Showcrings (Ireland) Ltd.3. Regional estimates of gross tlaltte added in heland in 1981. Report to the

Statistical Off’ice of the Euroj~an Economic Comnmnlty.

4. Relffew of training and other .mnpowet measures for long-term unemployed J. J. Sextonadults in Denmark. Ireland, the .Metherlands and the Ihlited A’ingdom.Report subnllued to the Commission of Ihc I:;urolz,.:anEconomic Conmlunity

5. A’tltdy of cold storage calmcit.v in heland. Report m the h’ish Rcfi’iget,’adon P. Baclln

Enterprise Associat km23

J. A. WilliamsB. ,J. WhclanR. O C~nnol

¢,---

6. Study of energy investment by Irish businesaes. Rel~r’t suhnlitted tu the

Commi~,;ion of Oae Eurol)ean l~.conomlc Community7. 8’tudy oflabous marketflexibilit).. Relxwl submilled to the Commission

of the Eurolz, can Ecormmlc Comfi1unily8. Study of occupational pension schemes and sick pc), Jcheme.~. Rcl~rt sub-

mitted Io the I)epar[ment of [~cial Wellhre.

9. Study of social-p_sl~hological factors related to tobacco, alcohol aM othel druguse in Irish post2prima9, schools. Rel×wt to the Commi~ion of theF.urolJean Economic Community.

B.J. Whelan

B.J. WhelanJ. A. WilliamsG. KeoghB. J. Whchm

J. w. GrubcM. Morgan

The hast it ute’s Survey Unlt developed samples, carried (.u tieldwork and analysed tile results ofthe Ibllowing SUl’VCys:

I. (.bnsumer .b)trl~O, fos .Tanuag,, April, .Tuly and I)ctobel 1985: (.bmmissloa of the Europaln Economic(.bmmunity (in association with .,In Foras "l-aluntais)

2. I.’olloul-up Surt,~, of 1981/82 School L~atmr.~: Ibuth Employment AgenO,3, M~nth~-)’ SuIv~’~f ~Iish Business: C~mmi~si~n ~f the Eu1~pean ~.~c~nomic C~mmuni~’(in ass~cia~i~n wi~h

.-In bbms 7"alunlal+)4. , ~htional Manpower Sunre_), of A?hool Leauers: I)elmrtment of I.aboul5. Original and I.bllow-up 3)trvev of Participants in the Vocational Plepamtion and "lYaining Programme:

I)epm~ment of Education6. Sur+,ey of Anglel+~+: Central Fisheri+.’s ~at’(l7. Sun,e_), of Careers: .,Yhtional (+buncil foe the ..Iged8. 3’uw£v oJ’(.~neet Patterns in 77drd Le¢M I’ducation: H~qhet I’ducatbm AuthoriO,.9. Sun,or of Im:estment b), Irish I~t~inesa: C’ommi~sion of the I’.’uropean P¥onomic (,bmmuniO,

10. Sun’O, of I’urcho~dng Pou’el PatiO’: Commiaaion of the European Economic (.~mmuni(),I I. Survey of Thoroughbred Horse Induato,: Dli31’l Conaultants I,Id.12. Sun,O, o J" 1bung I,ong- 7)rm ( b~emplol,ed: J buth Em plol,ment .,Igenfr13. ,~’mtrO, o]+ I"aricose I ~ins .VaffeterJ: .~’ir Patrick Dun’s Hospital

The Survey Unil also i:arrk:d tml +’;ample.’;elect ion and/or data prl~cssing tbr Ihc Mcdlco-SoclalResearch Board, the Kilkenny Hcahh Pr~!iccL Insfifiuid Tcangcolaiochta Eircann, An Fi)rasI+’orl)artha. the Metcrological Se~+,ice, Coras Trachtala. the Federated Union (fl’Emplo+vc~’s, theConstruction Industry Federation, and Dtmdalk Regional Technical College.

VII. MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS

Dm of

publi~atlon

1969

1973

1976

1979

1980

1!)81

1982

1983

1984

Abstract of Published Papet:~ 1961-I969

.’lb~t met oj’ I’ublished Pape~.~ 1969-1973

Abstract of Published Papet~ 1973-1976

"l’he ESRI ReJearch PIml 1976-80 and Racksround .,Inall,si.~.

Re~ister of Current A’ocial Science Researdl in h~land, 1978

Abstract of Published Papel~ 1977-1979.

Registe~ of Current Social Neience Research in Ireland, 1980

The ESRI Research Plan 1981-85 and Background AnaO,si,~

Register of Current A~ience Resemch in Ireland. 1981

ReeL~tel of Current ,~cial Science ReJem~h in Ireland. 1982

Register of Cturent Social A~ience Resem~h bl Iteland from 1983.

P. R. Kaim-Caudle

and N. ,lohnscm

~l. Denq)scy

M. l)emlma:y

K. A. Kctmcdy

Maria C. Whelan

M. Dcmpscy

F. O’Sullivan

K. A. Kennedy

F. O’Sullivan

F. O’Sullivan

F. O’Sullivan

VIII. REPRINT SERIES

1. Conmacnt,~ry on l+:urope’s l+)+ture in Figurea (Norlh-I’lolland Publish-

i~’+g Co.. Amsterdam, 19fi2),

24

R. C. Gcary

2. Forms of Engel Functions (Economarlca, Vol. 31, No. 4, Octolx:r,

] 963).

3. "[’he Cost Structure of British Mamdhcmring, 1948-61 (The Econo-

mic.Tournal, \;ol. LXXII[, No. 292, Deceml~r, 1963).

4. The [.,ifi: of Capltal Assets: An Enq)irlcal Approach (OxfoM Econo-

mic I’apers).

5. EstlmadunofQuasi-LinearTrendandSeasonalVariation(Journal

of the American Statistical Association, \;ol. 58, No. 304, Decem-

Ix:r, 1963).

6. The Pattern of Pcr=sonal Expcndlture in Ireland CJournal of the

Statistical and ,Social Inquiry Society of Ireland, VoL XXI, Part I 1,

1963/64).

7. Some Remarks about Relations bctwecr’~ Stochastic \/ariablcs: A

Discussion DoctJ merit (Reoiew of the Inlernallonal ,~’tatlstlcal Instl-

tute, Vol. 31, No. 2, 19633..

8. Towards an InpuI-Outl)Ut Decision Model fbr h’eland (~ournalof

the AYatlstieal and A~cial InquiO, Soclet), of Ireland, Vol. X X [, Part

II, 1963/64).

9. Do-h-Yom~effl~conlnnicsoftheFirm: Fir=st D~fiofaStalistical

Scheme (OECD I’mductivity Meaaurement Review, February,

1965).

10. Recent I)enlographic I)eveh~llnlcnts in h’eland (7ournal of the

StatiMical and Social lnquiD, .%cieo, of Ireland, Vol. N X 1, Part [ I l,

1964/65).

I I. The Avet=lge Critical \;ahJe Mcihod Ibr Adjudging Relative [’7.lli-

clcncy of Stat ist ieal Tesls in "l’ime Series Regression Analysis

(Biomarika. Vol. 53, Nos. 1 and 2, june, 1966).

12. A Noleon Residual Helerovarianceand Estimation I’~tlicicncy in

Regression (’lTht .’lmtrican A2atiSliCian, Vol. 90. No. 41 Octol~r.

t 966).

13. l)6"ccl EstimationlffScas.nalVarialion(I;evielooflhehaematiunal

Statlstieal Institute, V~d. 34, No. 3, 1966).

14. Ex-Post Determination of Significance in Muhlvariate Regression

when the Independent \;arlables are Orthogonal (7ournal of

the Royal Statist&al Soc&tv, Series B. Vol. 29, Nc~. I, 19673.

15. Some Aslxcts of Fclmomic Development in h’eland, 1958-fi5

(Economic Record, Vol. 43, No. 103, Septemlzer 19673.

16. The Role of Macro-cconomlc Models in Shorl-’[’erm Forecasting

(Fconometrica, Vol. 34, No. 4, October, 19663.

17. A Dublin Schools SmokingSnrvey (IrishJournalofMedicalScience.

7th Series, Vol. I, No. 3, March, 19683.

18. SignilicanceTt~tsirlMuhipleRegrcssion(TheAmericanStatistician,

Vol. 22, No. I, February, 19683.

19. Two-Slage Planning in tile h’ish Context (London Papers in Regional

.Science, .1. Scott, eel.).

20. Hospital Beds in Ireland (ffournal of the I£fh ~i’ledical Association, Vol.

62. No. 383, May, 1969).

21. I’~vah mt ions ol’Occul]at ilnls IJy Irish R u ral Adolescents on t he Basls

25

C. I’;. X;. I,eser

E. T. Ncvin

E. T. Ncvln

C. E. V. Loser

C. E. V’. Lescr

R. C. Gea,’y

R. C. Geary

R. C. Gea,’y

C. E. V. Leser

R. C. Gcary

R. C. Geary

G. G. Fi,’tla

C. E. \;. Le~r

Aengus O’ Ro,u’kc

Noclic O’Sull?,,an

and K. Wilson

R. C. Gcary and

C. E. V. Leser

M. Ross

P. R. Kaim-Caudle

of Prcslige and DifliculLyofAchievcment (RuralSc~:ioloeo,, Vol.

34, No. 3, September, 1969).

22. Comparative Efficiency of Maximum Likelihood and ex ante

Reduced Form for Forecast ing: Sludy of a Simple Model (Euro-

pean Economic Review, Fall, 19693.

23. Relalive Elfieieney of C.olml of Sign Changes Ibr Assesshlg Resid-

ual Auto-Regression in Least Squares Regression (Biometrika,

\"ol. 57, No. I, March, 19703.

24. Marriage Rates and Population Pressure: h’eland 1871 and 1911

(The Economic HistoO, Retriew, 2rid Series, \Zol. XXIll, No. I,

April, 19703.

25. A Study of Irish County Marriage Rates, [961-66 (Population

,g~udies’, Vol. XXIV, No. 2, July, [970).

26. The Determinants of Pe~’sonal Savings in h’eland: An I?.conomet ric

Inquily (The P’conomic and Social Review, Vol. 2, No. I, Jelly,

19703.

27. Fringe Benefits in llish Manufacturing Ind.suries (Management,

\;ol. X\"I[I, No. 4, April, 1971).

28. Managerial Decisions and l:’roduct ion Funct loll Artalysis: A Ca.,r:

St.dy (Iriah ffournal of :lgricultural Economics and Rural Sociolo.o,,

\"ol. 3, No. 2, 19713.

29. Trends in Age At Marriage in Post-War h’cland (Demography,

\"~1. 9, No. 2, May, 19723.

30. A Nolo on Biased and Inconsistent Fstimatlon (European Econo-

mic Reuiew, Vol. 3, Deceml~:l’, 19723.

31. Validity of lndiccs of AIcoholism (British,7outnal of l~leventitJe and

Abcial Medicine, Vol. 27, No. I, Februal3’, 19733.

32. Marital Status and Birth Order in a Sample of Dublin Males

(7ournal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 5, No. 2, April. 1973).

33. Rel|ections on National Accounting (Review of Income and Wealth,

Series 19, No. 3, September, 19733.

34. The Role of Social Science in Relation to Public Policy (l#oceedines

of the Royal Irish ..Icademy, Vol. 73, Section C, 19733.

"35. The Demand tbr Beer and Spirits in Ireland (Proceedings of the

Rqral Irish Acadeno,, Vol. 73, Section C, 1973.

36. Capital hlllow and Direct Foreign Investment in Ireland 1952 to

1970 ~7ournal of the Statistical and .%bcial Inqui9, Abciety of Ireland,

Vol. XXII, Part IV, 1971/723.

37. The h’ish l’~conomy: The Challenges and Oplions (~’lanagement.

Vol. 21, No. 5, May, 19743.

38. An Analysis of Recent Policies Ibr Beef and Milk ~7ournal of the

Statis’tical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland, Vol. XXIll, Parl

II, 1969/703.

39. Expectations, lnlbrmation and Hliman Migration:Si)ecit~,ingali

Econometric Model c~t" Irish Migration to Britain (7ournal of

Regional Sclence, Vol. I‘1, No. I, 197’t).

40. "Population Policy in l)evelolz,.zd Cotmtl-ics: Chapter 2: h’eland

(PopMation Policy in I)et:eloped Countries, edited by Berlmrd

26

and J. Allan Beegle

R. C. Geary

R. C. Geary

B. M. Walsh

B. M. Walsh

K. A. Kennedy and

B. R. Do’.vling

Nuala Johnsorl

M. Ross

B. M. %Valsh

R. C. Geary

B. M. Walsh and

D. V’,ralsh

B. M. Walsh

R. C. Gear3’

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. Kennedy,

B. M. Walsh and

L. P. Ebrill

D. McAlee~

K. A. Kennedy

R. O’Connor

B. M. %Valsh

B. M. Walsh

Bcrclson, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1974).

41. Population and Development: h’cland since Independence (Annual

Report 1975 of the Central Rank of lrdand).

"t2. [nq~ressionsofa X:isittoDenmark(CenttalllankoflrdandOuarterly

Bullain, Antumn, 1975).

43. The Consumer Price Index and Dilli:rcnt Household Expenditure

Patterns (Qumtedy Economic Commentary, October, 1975).

44. Orientations to work: some theoretical and methodological prob-

lems (British Journal oflndustrlal Relations, Vol. XIV, No. 2).

45. Migration Flows Between Ireland, tile United Kingdom, and

tile Rest oflhe Wor’id, 1966-71 (European Demographic Informa-

tion Bulletin, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1976).

46. Econtnnics and the l~nvironment ( l~roceedings of Royal lrish Academy,

\;ol. 77, Section C, No. 4, 1977).

47. Impressions of Israel (Administration, X;ol. 24. No. 4, Winter. 1976).

48. Increasing Employment in Ireland (Journal of the .g2atiatlcal anti

.$~cial Inqui_r), S0c/e(1, of Ireland, Vol. XXIII, Part 111, 1975/76).

49. Money and h’d|ation in h’eland 1960-1975 with some general

obscrvalions on relationships bet wecn lime scrims (Central Bank

of Ireland Quarterly Rul&tin. Autm~n. 1977).

50. The Continuing Social Survey: A Nationwide Study of Sui~jcctivc

Social Indicators and Related Public Attitudes (Administra-

tion, V’ol. 25, No. 4, Winter, 1977).

51. Public Works in USA: A Model Ibr h’cland (Administration, Vol.

26, No. I, Spring, 1978).

52. National and Regional Demogr’aphic Trends (Administration, Vok

26, No. 2, Summer, 1978).

53. The Prcparatlon of Slallstlcs of Sickness or Disability in Ireland

(Administration, Vol. 27, No. 2, Summer, 1979).

54. Prais on Strikcs (7-ht Tournal of the l¢oyal.~2atistical.’,~ciety, Vol. 143,

Part l, 1980).

55. F;ducaliotl and Agriculture: A Slalislical Approach (Administration,

X;ol. 28, No. I, 1980).

56. F~mploymenl and Unemployment Prosl)CClS in Ireland (7"he Irish

Banking Review, Scptcml)er, 1980).

57. Education and Socio-Economic Class: A Statistical Analysis of

Irish Census Data (The Irish Journal of Edumtlon, Vol. 13,

No. I. 1979).

58. Impact of EI’2C Membership on F~conomlc I)evelopment in the

I,’Vest of h’cland (The Annual Relmrt, Central Devdopment (.bm-

mittee, I)cpartmcnt of Finance, 1980).

59. The Regional Dimcnsilm (Full Employment and Reeional Development

- Issues and Policies, Diarmuid O Ccarbhaill, (Ed.) 1981).

60. Predictor’s of Salislhction with Housing and Neighl:ourhood: A

Nationwide Study in the Republic of h’eland (Serial Indlcalors

Research, 9, 1981).

61. Seafood Production, Markets and Policies, (lftslilule for tlae Co-oFerativc Study of International ScalL’od Markets, l)epart-

merit of Agrlcuhural and Resource l’7.conomlcs, Oregon State

27

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. Kcnnedy

K. A. Kennedy and

R. Bruton

C. T. ~.Vhelan

J. G. Hughes and

B. M. Watsh

R. O’Connor

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. Kennedy

R. C. Geary

M. Fine-Davis and

I:.. E. Dnvis

R. C. Gcary

B. M. Walsh

R. C. Geary and

M. I)emps~y

R. C. Geary

R. C. Gcary m’M

M. Dempscy

K. A. Kennedy

R. C. GemT and

E. W. Henry

M. Ross

M. Ross

E. F~. Davis and

M. Fine-Davls

R. O’C.onnor and,J. Deve,’eux

University, USA -- Working Paper No. 1, 1982).62. Regional h’Ldustrial F’olicies in the Rel)tJl)lic ol’lreland: A Review M. Ross

of Economic Studies (Studies in .Social Polio,, No. 85)63. Testing the AssumptionsofSeemingly Unrelated Regressions(The D. Conniflk

Revieto ofF conomlcs and Statistics, Vol. LXIV, No. I FebrualT¯ 1982).

64. A Note on Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (Econmnetrica. Vol. 5(1, D. Gonniltl:No. I,.Jar.taJT 1982).

65. Demographic Determinants of Perceived Well-being in EightEuropean Countries, (A~cial Indicators Research I0 1982pp. 341-358).

66. h’eland: Industrial Go-ol~l,’atives, 7"he Perfonrmnct of Laboul-Managed I"irna (Ed. F. H. Stephen, London: The MacmillanPress. 1982).

67. Worker Co-operatives Why So Few? A Critique of O’Mahony’sEntrcprcncurlal Hypothesis ~7ournal of Ir~rh Business and/Idmlniatmtive Resemch, 4, (2), pp. 27-44, Oclobcr 1982).

68. The Changing .Social Strlmtm’e of h’eland (..Imini~tration. Vol. 30,Nos. 2 & 3, 1982).

69. Small-Sample Properties of Estimator’s of Regression GocflicicmsGiven a Common Patlet’n of Mi.~.;ing Data (Rto&lo of FconomieStudies (1983) L.)

70. Covariancc Analysis and Seemingly UIwclaled Regressions (TheAmerican Statistician, Aug.st 1982, Vol. 36, No. 3, Pal-t I.)

71. [5nlcl’pl’isc and Entrcprcncul.’S. (Loft Perspoctivts, 2(3): 5-8, 10-12,Winter, 1982-3).

72. Predictors or Satislhcli(lll with Eiivil’onnlclltal (~ltality in Eight1.2tlropean Counlrics. (Social Indicatol~ Resemvh, I1 1982,341-362).

73. The Fiscal Framework. (Ireland in the 1"era 2000." Towards a.NationalStralrg~ - Issues and Perspectives. Proceedings of a Colloquy,Kilkca Castle, An I:oras Eorl}arlha, Dublin 1983.)

74. I~,conomlc Theory of the SVol’ker Go-Opcl.’allvc: An Exposition,(Economk and Industrial l)emocrao, SAGE, l+ondon, BeverlyHills and New Delhi), Vol. 4 1983, 225-241.)

75. "l+hc EEG Common Fisheries Policy: h’ish Perspective, (Alaska.YeaGrant Report .A’b. 83-2, .Jammly 1983. Ptd)lished I)y Universityof Alaska.)

76. Hyl:,othes~s Concerning the Non-Viability of Lal~.)ur I)ivcctcdFirms in Capitalist Economies. (Economic ..Inalvsis and II:orkels’Management, 2, X\;II 1983, pp. 123-153.)

77. Path Analysis: An Example. (Journal of.,IgricuOural Economics, Vol.XXXIV, No. 3, September 1983.)

78. "The ESRI 15mploymcnt StralegT" (Ireland in the )~ar 2000. Pro-cccdin~ of a Colloquy. Kilkea Casllc, An lroras Forbartha,

Dublin 1984.)79. "Social Psychological R~.’search and Intcr-Gro.p Rclallons: Myth, 15. 15. Davis

]:act and New Apl)roachcs", Prt~:ccdln~ ofa Covd~:,’ctlcc onPromoting A monger the T~ung a Gleale~ Rrspoct for Religious andCidlural Dinersi(v, I)ublln, November 1984, Appcl~dlx B,Anglo-lrlsh Encountel: l)uhlin and London,.January 1985.

81). "’15Sdlnating Rcgt’essi(m Equations wilh Common ExplalmtO~T D. Connifli~\:arlablcs btlt Uncq.al NHmbct~ ofObscP,,at i(ms", .7ournal ofof Fconomttrics, 27, 1985, pp. 179-196.

81. "’The Criminal Justice System: An Overview", Part 2. Section 2 in

Report of the Committee of Inquiry into the Penal .~),~’tm, Dublin:StationeD’ Ollice

82. "Agricuhttral Ottlpul in the h’Mi Ercc State Area Bcfi.wc and AlicrIndcl~ndciicc", IrLrh Economic and Social Hi.~toO,, \:ol. Nil,

28

E. E. DavisM. Fine-Davis

G. Mocha.C. M. F’anning

C. M. Fanning

D. B. Rom’nan andPhilip J. O’ConncllI)cnis Connifli:

D. Gonnilfir

C. Fanning

M. Fine-Davis andE. 1"2. Davis

K. A. Kennedy

C. Fanl’fing andD. O’Mahony (UGC)

R. O’Connor

C. Fanning (I-SRI &UCC) and T. McCarthy(Queen’s Univ. Ontario)R. Breen

K. A. Kcn.cdy

I). roltman andP. Tormcy

R. O’Connor andC. G.iomard

XII, 1985, pp. 89-97.

IX GEARY LECTURE SERIES

I. A Simple :lpptoach to g4acm-economic Q~,namica, 1968)2. Computers, .~atistics and Planning-.~vJtems or Chaoa? (1968).3. The Dual Career I,)*mil),, (1970).

4. The Po,chosonomics of Rising Prices, (I 971 ).5. :In Interdisciplinary Approach to the Memurement of l ltilit), or I I"elfare,

(1972).6. l:’conomttric Forecastir~¢ from Lag.ged Relationships, (1973).7. 7"oward a.ACew Objectizdt),, (1974).

8. 5~ructural Analysis in 5~ciolog;, (I 975).9. British Economic Growth 1951-1973: Succe.*~ or P’aihtre? (1976).

10. Official Statisticians and Econometriciat~ in the Preaent DtO, II"orld.(1977).

I I. Political and Institutional Economics, (1978).12. The Dilemmas of a Socialist Economl,: The I hmgarian E.~e~ ience, (1979).13. The StoO, of a Social Eaperinttnt and Some Reflections, (1980).14. modernisation and Rdigion, (1981)16. Poor, Relatively .~aking, (1982).16. Towards ti4ore RationaI Deci~ions on Crbninals ([983)

R. G. D. AllenF. G. FosterRhona and RobertRapoporlH. A. TurnerJ. Tinbergen

M. G. KendallAlvin W. GouldnerRobert K. MertonR. C. O. Mauhe~E. Malinvaud

Gunnar MyrdalJ firJos KornaiR.Imrt M. SolowPeler L. Bez’gei"Anlal’l va S~II

l)anld’Glaser

X. MEMORANDUM SERIES: AI)DITIONS DURING THE YEARENDED 31 DECEMBER 1985

(t’~ complclt: list call be had on applicatiort to the hlslitutc)

171. A Pitfall ill Using TSLS with I.inear Restriclions in TROLL 1). ConniltlzJ. FitzGel~ldG. Hughes

179. t.Vorkez.’s Co-ol~:ralivcs -- Their Employmenl Potenlial R. O’Connor

XI. S’FAFF PAPERS IN THE EC(2ACOMIC A.A’D SOCIAL REVIEI,I;DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1985

(tbr earlier years see previous Annual Reports)

I. "’Equality of Opporlunity in h’ish Schools’, A Reassessment" C.T. WhelanB.J. Whdan

X. OTHER STAFF PAPERS IN .JOURNALS AND BOOKS DURING"I’HE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1985

(Ibr earlier yeal’s see previous Annual Rcporls)

I. "’A Framev,,ork tbr the Compal,’ative Analysis ofSoclal Molfillty", R. Brecn.’;ociologr, \;ol. 19, No. I, pp. 93-107, February 1985.

2. "Log M,Ihipllcative Models lb,’Contingcllcy TalJles", "I’he GLIM R. Brecn.,Veuulette~, 10, June 1985.

3. "\;ertical Mobility and Cla.~s Inheritance in the British Isles", R. BreenBritish,Journal of.Sbciolow, \;~1. XXXV’[, No. 2, June 1985. C.T. Whelan

’1, "Models fin" the Analysis of Vertical Mobility", Qt/alit), and R. Ih’cenQuanlit),, Vol. 19, NI~. "t, pp. 337-352, October 1985.

29

5. "Estimating Regr’cs.sion Eqliations with Common I:]xl)lanatory\:arlahles but Onetlilal Numlzers orObseP.,ations*’, ,Journal ofI’~conomttrics, 27, No. 2, February 1985

6. **Small-Scale Industry in IrEland", in.J. Fitzpatrick andJ. Kelly(eds.) I’erapectivea on Irish Indus/o,, DulMirc IM[, 1985

7. "THE Relevance of Small-scale Manulhcluring in hachlstrialDevelopment"., .7ottrnal of Irish IJuslness and .,Idministtz~tit,eResearch, \;ol. 7, No. I, Spring. 1985

8. "The Role of the State ir~ Economic AIIhir:.;", A’tudles, Vol. 74,No. 294, Summer 1985

9. "A l.agrangE Muhlpller IntErpretation ofDisturlJaI~cc Eslimatorswilh an Application Io Testing Ibr Non-llnenrlty", .7ournalofEconometrics, 27, pp. 259-269 (wilh M..1" Harrison) 1985

10. "l)evclopmcI~tS in Ihe Salmon Fishing Induslry". Allied Irish IlankRet,iett:, July 1985

I 1. "’THE BEginning ol’thc Farm Apprenticeship SchemE", in 21 T~ars.’lgrowing, ConlnlEnlorati’~’e Booklcl to illal’k the 21sl Anni-versary or iht2 I;’az’i]t ApprenticeshlI) B~larl’l.

12. "The Pert~rmancc of h’ish Indigenous Industry: Some Lessons lotthe 1~lSO’s". inJ. Fitzpatrick andJ. Kelly (cds). Perspectives onhish Industo,, Did)lin, IMI. 1985

13. "’THE Problem of Lale lnduslrialisation and the 1"2xFcricncc oltheRerJublic of Ireland", (.~nthridge Journal ofl’conomies. Vol. 9,N(I. 2, 1985.

14. "’lndlnslu’ial I~)t:vclol)ment in tint Non’Lh auad Sotllll of h’cland:Prospects I~)n" ;ill [ntcgralcd Apprt);tch*’, ,’ldministration,\;’M. 33, No. 1. 1985.

15. ".P()pulalion and Labolir ForcE", in W. J. I,. Ryan (ed.) IrishIndustrl, in the Eighties, l)ld)lil’i: Conii:{letqlli(m ,M’lrish I ndllst ry,I)ccember, 1984.

Ilk "’The Impact of Retirement on the Living Conditions of ReliredEmployEes" in Retirement: .,I Time of 75anaitlon. Const)lldaicdREport ol’lhE Ettro|)Ean Foimdatlon Ibr the hrilJrt}x’emEnt orLiving and ~,\:orklng Conditions.

D. Connilt~:

K. A. Kcnr, cdyT. Heal)’K. A. Kennedy

K. A. KEnnEdy

G. Keogh

R. O’Connor

R. O’Connor

IL O’Malley

F. O’Malley

I’;. O’Mallcy

.1. ,J, SExton

B..]. WhelanK. O’ Higgins

XII. PAPERS READ TO LEARNED SOCIETIES AND CONFERENCES

DURING THE ’YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1985

(ft)r earlier years see previoiis Ammal Relx.’ts)t. "’The National Plat,: Go’,,crnr~aent Policy and Housing", Irish T.J. BakEr

Planning hlstitute Conli:rence On Iffannin~ for Residentiall)erelopmen/, Dublin, April.

2. "’l~cont~mic Forccasts1985-86". lnstilute orPttlMic AdiI~ii~istration T.J. Baker

¯ "\nnltal I:’ersonncl OIticers Conlizrcncc, IDtd)lin, :\pril,3. "IlEal I, Vagcs a0d I~lnl}loyment," l)ublin I:]eononllcs %’Vorkshop 3. l]radlcy

November C. Prendergast

4. "The Sociology or Youth UnemploymEnt". Seminar at St. R. Brecn

Patrick’s College. Educational Research Centre. Drum-condra, May.

5. "THE Sociolo~’ ol"t’outh UnemploymEnt", "t’outh l’2mployment R. BrecnAgency/l nslitute of Ptd~llc Ad minislrat it)n Seminar to laimchSFecial is.silo ol’Athnlnistration, l)nblin, .JLdy

6. "The Views or the Slatislical Cotmcil", Statistical and Social D. C(.mnilti:Society (~1" Ireland SYmlZ~)sitml on A’tati.ftica .]bt Policy andRe, earth, Dublin, Ni)vcmbcr

30

Kcynes on I robablhty , Seminar at Department of Economies,University (3ollege, Cork, November.

8. ’Simuhaneous I’~stima ion of Regression Eq at’ons ’, Sen "n t atDepai-tmcill of Stalistics, Trinity (3ollege Dublin, December.

9. "The Determination of Manulheturillg ]nduslries’ Output inOpen Economies", Seth|nat at Department of Economics,Unlvccsity College, (3ork, November

~% .... ,, .10. .\bsclmc h’om ’,~.’ol’k and the Socml ]nsuranceSystem , hlstHute G. Hughesof Public Adminisu’ation Economic Analysis class, FcbrualT.

I 1. "Social "~Velihrc Relbrln: A Partial View", Social Policy Forum G. HughesMeeting, Dublilh June

12. "Financial Aspects of Old Age Social las aace’, Dublin G. HughesEconomics D/ol’kshop l:;ighl h Annual Economic Policy Con-

fm’ence, Kenmal’e, Oclol)cr.

13. "The Relevance of Small-scale *.lamllhcturing in IndustrialDc~elomlcnt , Industrial Studies Association InauguralMeeting, UCD, March

14. "Workl Economic Situatmn and I:,mplo\mcnl and Unemploy-ment in Ireland", UIllVCl’sity College Galv,,ay, DcparmmlUof Economics, March

I fi. "The Unemployment (3 "s’s ’, The Joh 1 Bt steed ~le’no "al Lec-ture 1985, ddivered at Universily College Cork, May

16. "l’]mploymcnt Prospects Ibr hdand ’, Seminar fol AnCO Man-power Information Unit, Dublin, May

17. "Work", Ireland-Israel Friendship Lcague, Dublin, September18. "Youth Unenq31oymellt inLUlOlX" " ", ]:’UROBOS(30, I’:urolxan

(3ongress of Sales|an Past Pupils, Dublin, Seplember.19. "Testing Ibr Amocorrdation in Muhiple Regression", TriniLv

(3ollcge Dublin, Statistics Dcpartlnent Selninar, February.20. "The Serial (3orrelalion Problem: An Examination and a Pro-

~osed I es , Sell nal¯ Depai’lmenl o[’l?*eonomies, Univcr-sip.’ College, (3ork, ])eccmbcr

21. "Trade, C;rowlh and thc Role of Demand: The l::xlx:riclmc ofh’eland since 1947" l:il.’sl Anmlal Barrington Prize Leclureread to mcctlng of Statistical and Social Inquiry Society ofheland, IllnHyC.t~llege Dubhn, May

’2’2. "Workers" (3o-opcmtives I Their Employment Potential",(3oln’se fbl" Unemployed Pel~ons, IM[, Scplember.

23. "The State’s Attitude to M lit| igc Bicakdo~n and l)i~otcc , tl eComfnissior, Ibr the l.,alty hdbl’mation Day on MarHageandtheFamily, ])ublilL October.

2’t. "Jobs and Borrowinff An Ahcrnalive \;Jew of the Public I’~inance(311sis , Society of Socialist S~scial Scientists, Trinity CollegeDublin, March (wida P. Swecney)

¯ -p , ¯25. "F’ol’cigll Industries in h’dand: The I’~nd ot the Boom. . Seminalat .Department of l’]conomics, Universily College Cork,.Oclober.

26. "The Role of Foreign Direct Invesllnent in ]nduslrial l)evclop-menl in Ireland", Seminar at Department of Fcononlics,Queen’s University, Bcll~tst, December.

27. ’"l’l’ansl~rs and Underdevelopmenl within the EEC", Eighth M. RossInternational Seminar on Marginal Regions, Galway, July.

28. "Co-ordination of .,XAuhilevd Plalming: NationabRegional- M. RossLocal", the Konrad Adenauer Stil)ung ]rlsh-GccmanSeminar on Regkmal Promotions, Adare, Co. Limerick,October

L~ / ¯ ,20. \ ohlntary Orgamsalions in Changing Times -- Re.arch and M. Ross)I I ml ng, Annual Conli:rcncc of the Union of Vohmtary

31

D. Connilfi:

D. (3onnilli:

J. FitzGerald

K. A. Kcnnedv

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. Kennedy

K. A. KelmedyK. A. Kenlmdy

G. Keogh

G. Keogh

D. McHugh

E. O’Malley

E. O’Malley

Organisations Ibr the Handicaplxd, Limerick, November.30. "New Policies tbr Rural Development" (a respon.~ to P. Cox’s

"The hnpact of EC Str’uctul~l Policy in Ireland"), An ForasTahmtais Conference on The Chalknee Facing .,Igricttlture in

Difficult "l-lmts, Dublin, December.31. "Prisons and the Crinlinal Justice System", Social F’obey Fonm’i

Meeting, l)ublin. Septendxi"32. "Crime in h’eland’, Mid-Writ Regional Dcvdopmcnt Organisa-

tion Conference on Anti-Social Beha~’iaur - .,I Growing Concern,

Limerick, November.33. ’*Proposals [br the 1987 Household Budget Sul’ve},’, Cenu’al

Statistics Olficc, Slatistics Users’ Seminar on The HousthddBudget Smx,ey, Dublin, December.

34. "The Further Development ol+ Measures (k~igned to assist theLong-term Unemployed". EEC Seminar on the Re-entry ofLong-’llcrfn Unemployed People into the Labour Market,Liege, Bdgium, September

35. "Social Policy -- the lnlbrmatlon Rcqultx:d", Social PolicyI’~ol’liin, Dlll)lln, May

36. "Research on Aging in h’eland." European Science FolmdationWorkshop on 7"he Establishnnrnt of European (;erontoleglcal.~Va-zoork, Bonn, November

37. "Educational Change and Equality of Opportunity" Associationof Sclcntille, Technical and Managerial Slatl~; Seminar onEducation -.,I I"orce for Change, Limerick, March.

38. "Educatioll and Social Mobility", Scmlnar on Educatlonfor II:hat?Ccnu’c tbr ~.Vm’ker l’~ducalion, NIHE, Limerick, May.

M. Ross

D. B. Roltman

D. B. Roltman

D. B. Rottman

.I.J. SextOII

B. J. Whclan

B..l" Wbelan

C, T. V~qlclan

C. T. Whelan

XIV. ESRI SEMINARS

SEMINARS were held lbrmightly during each academic term as follows:

Hilary 1985The l’~nvlronment lbr I:~ntrel]reneurial Dcvelopmcnl

Cross-sectional Analysis of Po.led Bttsincss Experience: Aspectsof P[M’s Progu’ammc,

The Determinants of Irish hnportsThe Case for Scml-cgnmlcrclal AClivities in Ihc Consmnctlon

and Transport St2ctoi,N.

7-rinit.r 1985

Exlx:rience nf Transitilm fi’om Protcction m Free Trade: TheImpact on httligetmtts Industry.

US I’~conomic Pt~liey and Debate on tile Deficit.

CorF~)l’atc Prolhability and Retm’n on [llVCSllnCnt.Symposh.m on The Ecanomlc (.bns.~qtttnc~s of Emopean t 5don

--European Union: Some Economic Implications Ibrh’eland

-- Completing the 3.1arkeu Macroeconomic Consequences-- The Economic Implications of Tax Harmonisation--’l’n’ansfeu’s and Undeuxlevelopmcnt

Gcn~n:idc: lu]lclll nr Bchavimtr? Issues in Research oll Political

32

H. STEPHI’NSON(Harvard BusinessSchool)C. CARROLL( h’ish ManagementInstitute)J. FITZGERALDN. M ANSI’2RG H(Cork Corporation)

E. O’MAI,I£Y

R. THORN(Univclfity ofIJittsh.rgh)P. BACON

A. M A’I-I’H EWS(TCD)j. BRADL~’:VJ. FITZGERALI)M. ROSSS. "I’HOM PSON

Killing

Scheol EIl~ctivencss and Sample Selection Bias

Corlrol,’alc Control and an h’ish Economic I’;lim

Michaelmas 1985Demand Ibr Energy lmporls in h’clandIndustrial Output and Factor [nl)ul Dclcrminallon in an Econo-

metric Model of a Small Open Economy.

Prosl~zClS Ibr the COlnlllOn Agricullural Policy of the EEC.M,hi-Scctor Modelling of the Econolny and Eml)loymcnt.h’cland’s Trade with Developing Colmlrlcs.

(Columbia Universityand TCD)R. BREENP. KELLEHER(UCD)

J. FITZGERALDJ. BRAI)I,EYJ. FITZG F, RALI)C. PRENDFRGASTR: O’CONNORE. HENRYN. TIMONEY(College of Commerce,Radmlincs)

XV. RESEARCH PROJECTS IN PROGRESS AT31 DECEMBER 1985(*Indicates ncw project begun in 1985)

Resea~rhmf Projects Prtsent Stage

I. ECO. VOI’IICFORECI~’7"bV(;A.VI) MODEI.LbVGT.J. Baker, Sludy o[’current trends in the h’ish C.ontitnlousS. 8(2o11, eixlllom y

L. Hayes

J. lhTidley Analysing economic growdl: Ireland(~. Prentlergasl 1960-1980

j. BF-adlcy, F*uroFean prRiect tbra muhinalionalC. Prendergast macroseem,’al model.ep. BaCIMI ~l(~dilllll*[tZl’in ec[)no[llic rc2vi¢2%~, and

t)utlook Ibr Ireland.

II. SECTOI&’ILECO.,VOMICS771DIE~"tP. Bacon Corlmrate prolilal)illt y, llnancc, Rt.’-ararch in

ilF¢ltMnlltnl and ~rowIh, pYo~r(ds.%

+D. Ciin nilli: I)esignalion of areas Ibr induslrial R~’seal~ h inlmlicy (Ibr Dept. of Industry. etc.) progress.

Pul)lishedas(.~EC

]:’repa rali(’m ol"l],’sl I nte,’,ml reading:draft. February 1986.Initiation of Phase I I Continuation of

COil I h~lt;[, i~s(~al’c h,

Second (h~di Review of sc(=ondcompleted. (h ,’ali: .january 1 .t}86

OR. (YConnor SIIld)’ of Imvinc lubel’culosis ctTldica- Review o[’data andllon scheme. [iter:llltre.

E. O’Mallcy Slralcgic approach u)devclopmcnl Rc~eal~:h in~)[’(he enghlccring ii]duslry, pfo~’ess.

III. E.V?’EILVAL TRADEA.,~DCAPIT~ILFL011"~"~. FilzGct,’Md The dcterminanls of h’ish imi~)rls.

M. Ross

First tl h’ali:March 1986.

Relx)rl If) Desublnhl~d IoM ini~lel’: February1986.

Firsl drali:March 1986.

Fit:it d wali:.’M arc h 1986.

Internal reading t)l’ I)reparalh)n ()f

li~l (h’ali in second (hali.

pfogrt:ss.

I~ PI:IJLICF,.VI’I~N’I)I’l’I/REA.,VI)7-.,IA’,.1770aVT. (:allan, Irish governtnttnl CXl)cn(llturc in an Awailhlg c~JnlnlcnlsE. O’M alley internalional ct)ml)a]~livc eontcxl, oll lirsl (h ,nii.D. Madden"G. 11,~ght:s "l’hc co~t and vahtc ~)fthc civil .v.rrv ice

]:,e iitlil ) n ~(:ht:int:.F.mpIoymenl in the i)uhlic de)main

11~ rc2¢¢:nl dttl~al’l~:r,,

Cq)M~ and w~tgl2 i’at(::~ ira i)lll)llt:

Cilll’)lc)5’lllcilt.

33

Revision in liglllof NILSC clmlmenls.

Dala collccti~)n and Fh~t (h’~lli:analysis. August 19811.

(’;~)nc ll)r I) rinling in t he (;ene*Td R c~:a r~:h Neries

I "11,F,. "~V+ H~nry

J.J. Se~um

POPI ;I-,I TIO.A"A.,’I’T) L:I II01/I’~ FOR(J’EMulllscclor m<idell[ng of the Irisheconomy ~+ith SlJcCial re1~rencc Ioei~ploymi:nt projcclions.

Sit,ely (~l’manlxJwcr l×311cy (i~."NI~SC)

Atlal)’sis (if’changing st rti(:t ui~: of tllelabour ll),~e and trends in empll)y-n11ylll iilld illi~ni~]lri~’tnelll.

I)ata collecilo,1 I" he, draft:

and anldysls. May 1986.

°.J.,I. Sexton

]. J. Sexum,B.J. Whetan

.J.A. ’iVilliams

[;. Ko~ghB.J. Whelan

G otle fi .-p.-in t big in t he G cnel-al R ~:ar ch Scri’-~

E.i,tI hl+i t i( in elf 111CaSl i l.i+~ iu a~i4i~ll i hc Pl’c [l,lil++Jt iOll O f

Ic~l’~g-icrn~ xlnemp~tJ’!cd ~i~ ~1~led [’it~t dt"al’t.

cot re,tics (fbr OEC:D)

Siirvt:F of the mmsilion It+ore l]ill- I)e~liiillg national

linzc izizl,£<:ilt ion to working litl:, rcl~ p,’l-

Stal~slleal ~ln~lly~,ist+t’tl~e Ir{sh ¢lectot~l[ Revisilm in lighl ofi-i.igisliJi- aZll;l its tl~,e t~lr ll/pu[atloll i~Xll~l-llal i-Pli:l’et"s

i!~it ilnalil~ll .’lnd ~’l rliDII2 ~111~.,12%’s+ i’121~ )1"I.

Publlcalion byNESC: Jalmary 1986

S u’~ ol~d drafl t~f tie,n-agriculliJl+ll sell2¢ml)lo),mcnl [~t[~ rApril 1986.Fii~it d~’afi to bes,lbnllt led to OECI):March 1986.

Fifst draft:Fel~rnazW |98(~

Publication in(;enciTt I ResearchStwies.

I’IILR, Brt:t:n

"D. CoIu+iII~(;. Keogh

I~., I+~. Davis.

M. Fine-Dax’i+(’I"(:I))

I, II’~,V(;’(.’O.,%~I)I’I-IO.A’~+"

St,l~icct availability and Slitdcnl]x~i’l~li-tl~a net in Ihc ~nior cycle of

I I’iSh [)<~Sl -[)rlma t’~’ s~:htlols+l’~.st imat es of household eqnivalence~;l~tiLI2~; 6-tim Irish hoilsl~hoid hiidglZl~.11 r,.,t’y dalll

Continuing ~cial survey (CSS)a) CSS I (hcahh and housing)ll) f_ISS 2 (w~rking lil~:}

D, H anllail

p~. O’COtllliil’.

J. Roughail

+K, O’l’l igghls,NI+ P~>yle171. Rotiman,

A. D. +l’t ts.singM. Wiley

D, Rot Inlan,1), Hallliiln,M. Rl:idy

C, T. ’~X:hclanB. ,1. ’tX’hcla n

l)illi:renilatlon llf1+upils and ciirrltulahi Irish ++ond-lewl sch~-ds.

] nv¢:silgalllm o1’ lite it a iltl il~iipl~dat 1%,1 )l-k.

I+mliles lil’t:hild rt:il ill C~ll"t2‘

pol:ltllaiifitl SlrliCltli’l~ +iild livingclrclll/ist a nces of I rlsh I I~.’¢~11~ r6:

rt.-suhs Ji’om 1981 CensusofT,’a yeller Families.

DislribilllOn of income in IlicRepul)lic o1" ] rl~l;Ind: a Sltidy ill social¢la~.s and Ih nlil)’ +:)’cle inequalititm.

/~.cljllstmcnt to r~tlremenl in Irlcand.

LV. I:+’I LI ;E.%’ A.+’i+l) ++I T78/7~//I)EA’,J. ’iX’. Grul)eM. Morgan

Revision in light of Ptiblicalion in

exlit~lai ri:ll21"~e’s Giztlt:l+a I ll.e~tir t~ itrel~Ji, i. Set’los.

Fornllilatlon of ])lita pi’~c’~in8apl)roach and l~zvit:w and staiislical

of Iiil~i’llilire. ailal)’sls.

a} I:il~al ~ll+a fl I~iilg I~.~tci.tud i’cferccing

t)’l)ed.Ii) hilt:gllllOil and hlil~rllal f~adillg

revision of EEC of I~l-s~ dl+ai~comn~i~ioned

1,121~i-i s.

pl’l~ [~iil~l I loll of R 12,.,it’..." o f st,~13ond

~<:lixlfl dl~6. ¢ll’afl: March 1986

±%~;ll)’si:, c~l’ da~a. Fit’st digit:

mid- 1986,

IJi.el)~ ra I toll of R ¢~.,ie’,~, ofs~cond

~.~cond di~fl, dl~lli: Fellrtiax~.,. 19~8

Exler/la] refereeing Revision in light

ixl pl’tlgr c ~.s. of eXtel’lialreferee’s ta~l’,~r t.

Analysis of 1973-1980 Fit~;t dl~a6:

rl:distribution data January 1986.

Prct).’ll~llion clfl]rSl lillcrn~il reading:t h-.lf’t. March 1986.

S!~:ial i)sychological I~letl)i~ related Rl-1~t)i-t sial)rattled toII) l ol)il~ctl, a It~flll+ll alxli ol I~t~l" dl’xlg rise. I~.EC.

Internal rcadlng of6i’Sl dx-a it:FelJruary 1986.

34

A PPEACDIX D

ABSTRACT OF ESRI PAPERS PUBLLS’HED LJ~.’ 1985

(1) General Research .h’erles

Paper akCo. 120, Gerard Haghe.¢, Pavroll 7"as Incidencp, "l’he Direct "l’a.~" Burden attd the Rate of Return on .h~ateI’e.a’iott Comributio~ls in Ireland.

The pal)cZ" esllmated the incidence of Ihe payroll tax in h’eland and analvsed the ell~eliveI)llrdcn of direct taxation. It considcl’ed whether" the benel]ts paid bv the State’s main social¯ .vclfh l’e pl’ogl,’am mes ,...,e i’e linked in anv ’,~’a y to changes in livingstandatxls alld examined the costsailcl I)enel]ts o1" tile State’s old age colllribtltory arid relitement i)ciLsion plalls.

In the early 1980s total social ins~trance contrlb~ltions were nearly 20 i:.cr cent of tl~e avel,’agcitldustrial wage compared with abotit ~- ix:t" cent in tile eat’lv 1950s. In the perit)d the empltwer’sproportion o1" the contribtltion had risen ti’om a half to two-thirds while the proportion ~Jl" thelabom" ti3rce covered tbr sotlae social insm-ance benelits had rise~l I~’om 60 i~zr cent of the lal~ym"Ibrce to over 80 per cent. The dct]cits in income mainlcnallce paymetlts ftmdecl bv the Stateamotmtcd to ff2.2m (30 l)cr cent of the total) in 1953 and ff207.0m (28 per cent oft he total) it~ 1982.

The incidence o1" tile social inslll~nce tax was exalllined by nleans of a slalldat’d wage-priceregression model rising quarterly data Ibr the mallufaclurlng~ctor Ibl" the ix:riod 1953-1980. Thereslllts showed that the legal and el]’t:ellve incidence of the tax were not Ihe same. Flirthel’nlore Iheemployment elasticity of a payroll tax ctlt in Ireland apl:.eared to bc very low and would al)lYcar thrmore costly as a mclllod of job el’cation than the policv of direct grant aid. In an investigatioll ofellicct ire dilect tax rates (i.e. income tax l)hls t he em plovee’s social insiH-anee eontribtltion and Ihalpart of the employel’s corltl’iblltlon passed back to the employee) tbr selected veal’s, it was shownthat the l)rogl’essivity of tile income tax in the lower income ranges was o[l~t I)v tile payroll taxbeea~sc of the absence of a lower eal’nings limit for social ins~tra/lee conl~’ibL~tions and the list ofliar-rate 1"at he m than ca t’nlng~s i’elatcd count ril~tltions until the mid- 197i3s. 111 I~lCl the ad vel~;e et|i~etsof" the payroll tax incrcamd over the veal’s as the cost of linaneing sr~cial instirance inctea.~d. It~1974/75 some t’elief ’.’.’as provided to low inco~’lae earnet~ bv Stil)l)lemeiatii~g the liar rate bv anearnings related contribution tip to a sl)eeitie¢l level. The i’egri:sslve elli:ct of payroll tax wasdiminished in 1979/80 with tile t’el)lacenaent o1" existing rates bv a I~11v pay-related s/:,cialinsurance system. However tile payroll tax still iml)oscd a consldet,’able b~H’den on low incometaxpaye1"s. Taxl)ayers exempted li’om i~eome tax still had to bear the 1~11 pavroll tax rate.

The st lidv also examined the proposals tbr social insltrance tii~ancing made bv the Commissiono11 Taxation and in the Coalition (~ovel’nmenl~s Pl’og~t’i’~me I~lr C~overlllllent al’~d it was shownthat in both inslances revenne shol’l lillls wo~tld accrt]e. It was st~ggested that abolishing the ~lpperearnings limil and exeml)tlng tho~ already exempted from income lax, wot~ld considerahlvlighten the hr.’den of the payt’oll tax on the poor, and introduce an elemenl of progressslvltv.Costings lbr 1979/80 indicated that the same revenue could be rated while redt~cing thestandardt,’ate co~ttrib~ltion by over one and a hall" 13er cent.

In an analysis of the vah~e lbr monev which instared workel’s received I)’om the contribt~tol’y

lx:nsion schemes, the relaliol~ship betwee~ social welfare benel]ts, wages and prices during thel)ost-war perio(l was investigated. The analysis s~ggested that successive governments hadimplicitly adopted an indexation [brlm~la which linked Ihe ber~efits with changes in ave~,’age gros.sil~dt~sl~’ial eat’Hinge. The meth~d of implieil indexation however meant Ihat short-tern1 socialwell~tre be neiits had risen rc]allve to ~let wages its thev were llot liable to tax or were I~low Ihe level

of lax li’ee allowances. Secondly the tnelhlld or indexalion did nOl lake aceot~i~l of demogl,’apl~icchanges which t’edt]eed the mtmbel" ot" eontrlblttors per benelieialv,. It was l’eeommended thaibcnelits be i~dexcd to take home i)ay and that demographic and olher changes be lakelt intoaccount i~ tile interesls of eql~ilv. Ira a l]~l’tlter invesligalio~ of the t,’ale o1" return of Slateeonlribt*tol3, i)ensiol~ schemes il was li)tmd that in all eases examined lhcl’e were large positive ~’ealrates of ~x:turn on total contribntions. The stt~dv conch~ded thai if the slruetnrc of tile schemesremained unchanged il wot~ld give very good vah~e Ibr mQnev Io insmxzd worker-s retiring in 2006.This ]’~te of refill’n, however, rated qtteslions al:,ot~t the cost of maintaining the ctlrrentrelationships I~lween social instlrallce 13~2nsion collll’il)tltions~ benei]lS and ax,et,~Ige i/aehlslt’ial

carni~gs in tile Itllllt’e. Oil the assmnl)ti~ls that earnings would gl’o’~v at ’9 ix:r cent ix:l:atln~nl, thecontrib~to~3, old age pension wo~ld be redt~eed to 6.5 and dci::.cnt’lencv ~’ali~s inert:asx:d, liar-rateCOnllIil)tllOl’V and i’elirelllenl l~2nsioll costs would l’ais~ by ~5 [~ei" Celll ill i’eal tel’IllS OVel" the ilext

35

decade. This cost w(mld I~ i21t:l I~), a 50 i~r cent iIICl’t:asl,; in tile prOlJOrtion of the wage bill which

~’olllcl be used to ti~lallcc state i~nsiotls irl 1991.

Pal)er No. 121, R. Breen and D. B. Rottman,. Crime I/ictimisation in the Republic of Ireland

The l~al)cr reported on results of a 1982/83 ESRI Crime XJielimls.ation Stlrn,e~, v,,hlch was the6rst sllch comprehensive stlrx,cy carried oul ill the Rcl~tJblic o1" Ireland. The more commonly iisc(Imeastlre of crime, namely, the ntlmber oiindictaIJle oll~nces relx~rted or known, was examined

and was Ibl~r~d to be neitller reliable nor valid as a measure. Victimisation sut~,eys were regardeda~ a tlSl:f’lll supplcnlcntal’~’ ITICaSUi’e O "C " mc "en¢s and ’~,crc llkely to uncover more ir’~stanees of

crime than on~clal records. They also provided tile means to examine Jlow, tile risk of beingvictimised was dlstl-il~tltcd across tile population.

The Stlldy had three central aims:

(i) to i~rovide an indication ol’tlle prevailing level oferlme in lt-elatld over the survey i)cricxl,indel)endent o1" onicial 6gures.

(ii) to set Irish crime levels in comparati~,c l:~:~l~cti~,c ~’illl those ot" other COllntries,i~articlllarl}, 1"2ngiand, Wales and Scotland

(iii) to e×amine the qltcstioll of who, ~’ithin h’cland, was most at i’isk of sl~cillc ~Jrts of crime.

In rcgal’d to the overall Ic~,el of crime, the resllhs oi’t he stirrer showed a ~,ict imisation I.~te ol’19i)cr 100 hotl~holds ~Lnd all overall ol~:ncc rate of 34 incidents per 100 ilou~llolds. Thevictimisatlon level Ibr each crime "*.’as also given e.g. 3.6 o~t of each 100 holJseholds were the~, c l~s ofa b "gary over he welve month period of the st~,cv and tile comparable llgt~re Ibrcarthclis was 4.5 fi)r each 100 car owning Iiot~llolds. The ditI~rcnce between tile i~llml)el" of victimsand tl~c number of ott~nces tbr all crime included in tile su~,ey as well as the o~,ct’all ratio of 1.7incidents i~:r victim pointed to certain hotJseholcls being partictJlarl), susceptible to mtlhil~ie~,ictimisatiol~ of either tile same t~,l~ of off’once more than once or more than one t),pc ofoll~nce.The sll~’ve), res~lhs indicated that tile number ol"incidents of cringe exceeded the on~clal statist ies.in the ca~ of I~tJrglar),, vehicle theft and theft ol’an object ii’om a vchlcle, the indication w’as thatonly between a half and two-thirds of reported incidents appeared in ofticial statistics.

~,%~hcn eon~l~ared to the estimated victimisation t.~tes in Englan~:t, ~.’%~ales and .~cotland, lrlsl~i’~ltcs for bL~rglarie~ were fi~i~(i to be 1.7 times higher and lal’cc~ics ol’vehicle~ twice as high. Thetalcs tbr" other f~rms ol’l)rol~el’t ~,’ crime were gei~erally at the same level or lower than in tile U K. Itwas holed that mcnli~zrs." of the h’ish I)llblie were generally more likely, than residents of Britai~ toreport victinllsation incidents to the polict:.

rhcsurve),indicatedtilatcrit~eit~ relandwasove-wle n ngyan r~anp e~onelon, heavilyconcentrated in [)t~l~lill e.g. 73 i)er cent of" all burglaries took place ir~ Co. Dtli)lin. In aninvestigation o1" the risk of’l~eing a crime victim it was lbund thai tile risk of ~,ictimisation wassignillcant ly C(~l’z’cla t e(l wit h tile size oft he hoL~sehold and the age and sc~io-economlc group oft hehotlselloid head. The sttldy highlighted snell basic (it~cstlons as the optimnl area Ibr C.ard~districts, and the mix of t-csot~i-ccs, car patrols, t~ot i) tl’ol~ and comml~I~ity policy Ibr seet~rity andi.’al)id resl)onse. The imbalance in the geogl,’al~llic distrlbtllion of Gal’da resources vis-a-vis crimeand the nccd t~l" moI’e i)t’e~,enti~,e meastlres against crlme where pl’ol~rt~, was involved, ~,etx:eml]llasisc(I. Victim sllpl×~rt services a~ an integt’al part ol" criminal jl~stice polic~." were alsorec~mmcnded. Finally a numl~cr of reforms ihat sl~t~ld I~e made in tile metho~iolog3, ~)r thecolleetlon and all~llysls o~’cz’inlc st~ltistlcs were i’eec.)mmezlded together w’ith partlettlarapl~roaehesto crimiIlological re.arch.

Paper NI). 122, J. Bradley, C. Fanning, C. Prendergast and M. Wynne, A4ediun~-Term .4nall,si~ofFiscal Policy i~# Ireland: .4 Macroeconometric .~’tudy of the I’tliod 1967-1980.

"l’he study in~,eslig~tted the elli:ct of government liscal policy on the evolt~tion of the h’isl~economy f’l’Om 1967 to 1~.180 using a medimnitenn m~cro~eOllOmetrie model. Two types ofanalyses were p~’e.gtznicd namely, a~ ineremel~tal approach used to examine the cl]~ets of a single

" yent~ liscal ix)liey in the year of insti.watio~ and aI~ inlegral approach which analysed tilecm~mlat ire ell’oct ol’all previot~s [iscal l~olic.v [?’ore a given year. The al~al),sis indicated three t~,,pesol’discretio~xarv llscal stances taken between 1970 and 1980 namely,

(i) thosI2 Ihal attempted If) pttllnoteglI{iwlh by, directh,, illC~’t:asin, g demand via gt)vel’nmentcx IX:n¢l it t i t’e

(ii) t]lo.~e that atlempled Io etmll’ol inllati(m and Ihe balance of paylnenlS de6cit Ihl~Ollgh

36

Contra~t;zxg demand by higher taxes(iii) tllosc thai altempted a type of balanced budget multiplier, i.e. increasing outlJtit b)’

sh~ltLhaneotls eXl)encl;ttlre and lax [not’eases.

The analyses indicatecl that those budgets aimed at Cxl~andltag domest ic demand s.ccecded, illgeneral, in increasing ottlDtlt in Ihe ,year ¢~fthch" inlplemetltation~ thoilgh t.~irely by as mtlch assltggeslcd ill btJdgel speeches. However, over the COlll’Se Of It.VO tO l()llt" ,VCaI’S ILIc.~ benc6is i~Olll-pletcly disappeared due to leakages t’rom demand and t]’ona wage incrcn~s calt~d by previotlsexpansionary policy. Higher tax ~.’atcs as in the 1!)76 budget manillsstcd themselves in higher wagesso that rad]cr d’.an reducing inllation, the ai’,alysis s.ggested that the 1976 b.dgct ca u.~d intlation.’l’]lose hlLdgets aimed al i)romoling growlh via sit’ilultaneotls tax and exl:cndltiJre inct’ea~s were

less clcar-cttt. The rcsuh of these bHdgels was to initially increase outptil and emplo,.,t’l]ent b.t Otisel|~Cl was eroded, gener.’dly over two to [blir yeal.’s, as Ihe high lax z.’ates res.hed in higher’..,,agesatoll disimplx~vcd compctitlveness. Oil the other hand, tile ell~:cts of these btldgets were mildly[Tire.table on the borrowi.g rcq.ircmcHI,

"l’hc Sttidy concluded th~lt:

(i) discretionary fiscal policy over the 1976 to 1980 period increased total employment IJy on],v

73.600 at a cosl of almost 15.5% of Gl)P in 1980(it) discretionary fiscal i×dicy over the F, Crlod 1educed tile size of the prlvatc sector by almost

21,000 chtc to high lax raleS and high public sector employment. Tiuts fi~al I~lil:y left theeconoi"ny in a less responsive position to take accotLnl o[’a plck-ltp in the world economy tothe smaller size of I]le private seelor

(iii) I I~c rcslllts were ¢lttlte robllst Iiichangesilaade ill the model, though the incidence~)ftaxatk.Iappeared to play a crucial role in a.alyslng 6seal policy.

Overall, tile stttdy suggested that g~lvernment fiscal policy, while sh.wl.g lip demand over theshort lernlr had lit tie success in crcatlng an eiv+’il’olalFlelll Ibr Iong-ternt c6onomlc gl-oWlil. Ralher,the elli~ct oF6scnl policy fi’om 1967 to 1980 had bcell to impose a Ihmncial constraint, in the fi-~rm cd"a massive debt, which wottld hinder gl’owth in fiittlre years. The lhilurc to ]]r(imole growth ovcrthis tx:ri~d appeared to have been cattsed by a fllndamenial nllStltldcrstat~ding el’the slrticttire ofIhe Irish economy, lllOSl partlctdarly Ihe rclatlonship I)e,.vl’.veetl []scal cxpanslon, laxatlon andcompetitiveness.

Paper No. I-’23, C. Sanford aild O. ~’lorrissey, 7"lit Irish II:ealth 7-a.~3 +’1 (.Tlse ATudy in I’SconomicsandI’olilics

’l’he stHdy exatllilled the: ~,.’igins o1" the h’ish Weahh Tax (1975-78), its Ibrnudati~n, implemena-lion and evcmua] abolishment and the pal’l played by the i:~;)lit ical parties, the exeClllive, the Icgis-lat.re, Ihe relevanl civil setx, lcc del]arimenls and the interest groups, h I~lrther invesiig~led Ihemerits and dottels of the ta× as enacted with the chaz’actcrlstlcs itdieretH in any wealth laX. "l’hest.dy has relevance to other Iorms of eapltal taxation in Ireland. The ~,’Ve~tll[i "Fax along wltll aCapital Acquisitions Tax was introduced as a substitute Ibr Estate l)Hty bill the political com-mlt merit was made I~lbre the iml~lication ofa weahh lax had been adequately explored. The CivilServlcc wotdd have pi’elT:rred a ;’cir.>i’m of Estate Duty b.I their preli:rencc did not prevail, l).e tl]the i)resstH’e o1" i>owcrfi£1 interest gt’oups the lax which uhinmtcly became law bore little t’e~m-blanee to Ihe tax 61.’Sl aired in the %Vhite Paper and was incal~d~le of achle’,,il’.g the ~bjeeti,.,es ofhorlzo.tal and vertical eqtiity. Its low yield provlclcd an argllment Ibr a bolit ion. Rat her than lead-ing Ioa t t-atlslT:r ol’resouret:s from less t~) more prochtctive uses. it led t~)a Irans6:r from taxed assetsto exempt asseis~ e.g. principal residence, holtsc contenls, F.ension rights and blclodstlrck. ]"tither-more the lax was introduced at a time of depression, high inllatl/In and inereaslng bttrden ol’laxa-flea. In addlti()n with nn annttal weahh laX, llnlikc an Estate Tax~ inventories and valllalh~ns wcrcrcqitlred solely Ibr taxat ion purl~oses, The tax authorities insisted oil ol~il market vahlalioi~s It~ I)ci)rovldcd by the taxpayer. Colise{lUCillly the adlnlnistrallvc and COml}llcance c(isl of the ~*Vcallh

Tax were abllormally high. Adminislrative ct~sts cst itllalcd at a minhllt.n ofslx i:.el" cent (~f yield.

were three llmcs the cost of Inland Revenue duties as a whole. The average compliance cosl/taxliability ratio, ll’oft i a sample ofaboill ten i)cr cent of all ~.’Vca h h Tax i)a )’cl’~. was 18.5 percent. Theoverall operating cost of the lag %vas eslhllated it) lie not less than <-)5 i~ct" cent and COLiICl have I~cnas nuleh as .~0 l~r cent. ]t was CSlimaled that it cost ni least ,/,’lln ix:r aniuina to colli:ct , ..~m, Iheaverage iilcome during the three )’cars of operatioli. The study col~chldctt I]]al the Irish XVeahh

37

Tax was a costly t~filurc and that the objectives of tile tax could best Ix achieved by dilfi:rentnlea[)s.

Paper No. 124, ,Jack Short, .,hpects of Freight TmnJport in Ireland

The study examined the importance of fi’eight t ransF~rl in the economy and the development andthe i)erlbi’mance of the licensed haulage induslry. A rest rlcl k,e ligislat ire ctlvironment lbr licensed

road haulage existed in Ireland fi’om ti~e 1930s which gave rise to a large ov.’n account ~ctor. Since1970, F, olicy gl,qdually changed with quantitative controls relaxed. Present policy ".’.’as oriented to-wards qualitative controls only. Since tile 1960s grov.’th in fi’cight transport had been rapid widltonnages nearly do.bling and work done almost trebling reflecting economic development andincreased international trade. While freight handling methods became increasingly mechanised,

the infi,’astructure had not undergone mz~jor improvements. Since 1960 the vehicle ileet increasedb~~ over ~ per cellt per anntt Ill alld capacity at about 8 ix:r cent Ixzr anlltlIN. "l’he [leet~ IIo~,veve I’~ Mdas

comprised of large proportions of very old and very new vehicles with widely dilfi:rent patterns ofownet~hlp. U p to I ~J5 vehicle nt mlbers: were expected to grow by between 2.4 per cent and 3.6 ixrcell[ i)~t" annlttll, C~’lpaeily by betweetl 3.7 i:,cr cent and 5.’1 per cent per anllllI’I] and t-’*’ork done by

I~tween 3.8 t~r cent and 5.0 per ccitt per annum. The study found cleat" evidence of n move tolarger vehicles with 87 ]z.cr cent of work in 1980 done by vehicles in excess of 5 tonnes tmladenweighl compared to 28 per cent in 1964. However the trend in pro×hint ivlty ixr vehicle was down-ward and indicated increasing inefficiency in tile use of the vehicle Ileet. Length of haul hadincreased although local transport was still dominant in Irish fi+eighl inovements. O1" partictdarnote was the shift to own account transport in Ireland and Ihe decline in the CI E flccl since 1970.

Rail fi’elghl costs had not covered their avoidable costs which led to a sizeable subsidy to the rail-t.vay"s etlsiOllllzi-s, ]n alI eXallllilation of tLie cco[iolllic iSStleS i’eLati3lg to the ti’anspol’t oflz~ighl the

study concluded that the at’guillelltS lot" supply restrictions were not soundly basecl and only theshortage of available road space had any real validity.

The sttldv otttllned ItLrlher areas of research necessal3’ with emphasis on the impact offi’elglutransl~H’t it"t ilrl)al] at’eas all[~ the ett]clency of the road tl’ansl~ol’l inch~stry.

Paper No. 12.5, K. A. Kennedy and T. Healy, assisted by J. BerghL T. Callan and P. McNutt,ASnalI-Scale Mam!faauring IndustO, in II~land

The stru¢ly provided an a~scssmem ofsnnall-scale lllantlt.lctttring indust12,’ in Ireland. It revieweddie evldcnee Ibr h’eland and Ibr oilier cotmtrics on the imF~wtance of small industry, its i;,er-tbrmance in carrying out die dl]|erent [’tinct ions of buslness and its capaciLv Ibr growth. The SmallIndustry Pr~gramme inhiatcd by the Industrial Development Amhorlty in 1967 was examlncd.Policy implications flit ireland were discussed and prol×lsals made about fiiture sn’ategy in regardto tl,c development of small industry.

Small estal~lishments, dcl]ned as those with less Ihatl 50 F, Cl’Sons employed, accotmted fi)r overthree-qHartcl~ t~[" the It~tal mantd~tcttlrlng cslablishments both in Ireland and in most other

cotmtries, tn Ireland, Ihey aeconnted Ibr.iusl under 25 i)cr cenl of total mantdhcturlng emph>y-meal. Theh" share in total olJtpltl and in total investment was.less due to a lower average level t~foutpttt per head and a relatively low degree ofcapilal intensity. The study Ibund Hint h’eland didnot have a parlictLlar]~,’ large small firm sector by folk:fence to other countries. ~’lore so than it*other cottntrles manulacttwlng employment in Ireland was concentrated in middLe-slzcdestablishments (50-500 employees).

~,Vhilc, in general, small lirms are Ibund to bc technologhzally unsophisticated, in some corm-tries, particularly in the |J ailed .States, a minority ofsnmll firms have made a signilicant contribu-tion to technological change. Thest: th’ms tended to be concentrated at the early stages of the pro-duel cycle when technological dcvclopn~ents arc rapid and fluid. Most small lirms ~rved hmalmarkets and had consldel’able problems in exporting. Finance was a particular problem whichresuhcd in most co,retries providing Sl~cia] measures to enable small firms to gain access tofinance. Furthcrmore, the vet2,’ small thm was typically managed solely by the owner which couldlead to management inadequacies.

A sizeable small firm sector existed fi~r st:vet-al t-caseins, l’~ctmomics of ~x:ale w,.:rc ttol alwayssignilicant. Small firms cotdd compete succcxslidly particularly in activities of low caphalintensity, low fixed costs, batch prodltct ion techniques, non-rcl>ctilive task or tasks which requiredpcvsonallsed skills. Big firms ~l’ten I~.~utld it ell]cleat to Ihrm out sHch tasks to small lit’ms. Smallfirms were also mr>re likely to exist where markets were localised or where there was a high degree

38

of personalised secvice in delivery.The sma]] tirm sector was one ol’grcat ¢livcrsily, its composit ion was continttally changing and

its plol]ts Ihtctuated more than in large lirms. The evidence pointed to greater variability litemployment changes in small Ill’ills and thai their employmelal glxJwth was ielalively grcatel’.However they accotmted Ibt" only a mltlorlty of total employment alld il’empioymclll ill lat’ger

I]rms was slat ic or in decllnc, it was unlikcl,’,’ that a sat isi~tclory ovel’~lll cml~loymctat increase cotlldbe achieved I~’om cmt~toyment growth ill small tlrms.

lit a review of’the Small Inclllst ry Pr(~grammc (SI P)olxt~ted by the [I)A and the Shalmon Fl’ceAirl~Jrt I)evclopmcnt Co., it was lbtmd that establishmct~ts approved wcrc ovcrwhclmillglyindigcnolls and were concentt’aled in the metals and engillecring and wood and t~JI’nlt ut’c gt’otll~S.The growth ofeml~loymcnt in SI P apl~rovcd lirms had been signillcant and was widely disl:,ersedregionally ariel tile grant cost per rcaliscd job was less than IOl lalge Iql-ms. Some llrms had showll acal)acily to gn’o~’ into lau’gcr ll;’ms. Many (11"1 hc ne~’,’ smaller tlrms wcrc dcl~cndcnt on large;" lin’tllschic to sHl~-stliJply activities or i11crcascd local activities and ilacomcs gcnc1"atcd by larger lirms.The cxislcnce of Slll~-stq~ply actlvltics cotdd also be a considel,~ble help in implx~ving Ihc clY~’iron-ittCllt Ibl’ developing larger lil’ms.

The study cot~chlded that the chlef Ibctls of industl’ial strategy had to be the buildiilg O[’l~ore

large companies in view of the economies of scale, innovation and exporl marketing capability.BHI this IbCtlS shot~ld bc accompanied b)’ a complemental3’ st ~,’aleg3’ lbr small I~rm development inrccognltlon of theil" contrlbtttlon to elnl~loymcnt creation, development of new cnlcrpt’ise,regional policy and catering tbr std~-stqgply I leeds of large companies. The overall approach shotdd1~2 Iwo-tiel’ed, thereby rccognislng the distinction within small I~l’mS as between the majority,likely to contlnuc small, and minority capable of becot’ning large.

Paper No. 1-’26, A. Dale TtLssing, Irish ~i’ledical (;are Resources: :In f~conomic .’lnaO,sia

The sl~cly reviewed, in an international contexl, the growth and dcx’elol)mcnt of the h’ish medicalcat’e system. It analysed the st t-uct itre of the syslelll ]i’om an economics viewl)oillt, l)all icttlal’ly theincentlvc structttt’e and examlncd Ihe dclermlnants or tllillsatlon ol’medical care StlCh as physi-cians’ services, hospital ottl and in-pat lent care, pharmacct~tlcal medicines and dental care. Thesludy also rel:,orted tl~e restllts ofa ma.ior national stiv’,,ey of Irish hot~scholds, on medical care~tillsat ion. The study was l:~a t’tlcularly concealed with primary care even thottgh t[’te h’ish medicalcal-e system is stl’ongly hospltals-orlented.

Tile stttdy provided a review of the relevant h’ish and intel’national literatttre in heahheconomics and compared Irish morbldily arid mortality rates wilh other cotmlrles. The distrlbtl-tlon o1" re~tlrccs, []nalacing and eligibility Ibr l)tablic health services was discttsscd and tile t~ecentIrish record concerning cost-inflation in mcdlcal care and Ihc appavet~t reasons Ibr it wereanalysed with partictdar attcntlon to the incentive struclure. Household (private) medical careeXl~Cnclitt~res were investlgatcd and combined with l)td)lished State ~tnd Health Board data to

yield ~e~’,’ estlmatcs of total (i.e., pul~lic axld private) medical care exl~cnditttres. An extensiveinvcstigalion of utilisation of gctlet’al pt’actitlonct" se:vice was tlndc~’takcl~ in rcgatxl to householdexlxnditlti’es on G.P. services, G.P. home visits as opposed to on]ce/sttrgery consuhatiol~s, timeSl:,e n t in G. P.’s wailing rooms and I)hysician-lnduced demand fbr medical care by G. P.’s. Patterns

of G.P. co*~stlltaliolas and G.P. rct~:t’rals in h’cland and tile UK wcl’c compared. AI~ analyses ofmedical care olher than G.P. seta, ices was undertaken il~chlcling tile detcrmit~ants of phar-maectttical prescription medicines, sl:,cclalist consultations, visits to hospital out-palient depart-ments, hospital itl-l)atient admissiolls and discharges and visits to dentists. Finally the stttdyi’eported on a IHImbcx" of preventative set’vices, namcly~ asyml~tomatic physical examinations,imn’~tHlisalion, ce~’vical cancel" smeat~ and blood pressure costs.

It was al’gtted that genci’al pract ice needed st rengt henillg through grunp alad team practlcc atldglcater use of l]on-cloctor i)el’sontlel. (;l’cater provision of pril’t’tal’y care Io the aged I)13or and toother disadvalatagcd or handlcal>l:,cd l:~l~Hlations would prove eosl-ell;~ctlvc. It was noted thatpersons with Category I1 eligibility tlscd slgnilicalltly less primary care and prevcntlve care andthat Sl~Cclalist care of pt~blic patients was inl~rlor to that offalirate patients. Some pl’oblcms in thedist riblltlon of i’esources across rcgions were detailed. In the area ofcligibilily it was recommel~dedthat eligibility standards be indexed to a ~alional earnings inclcx, Category [ cntitl~Jment be made

a legal i’ight and eligibillt y for.Category I I Ix: based on the l~tmily. A I’n~ior theme oftl!c report wasthe explosive and irl~alional costs and exl~ndilul"cS which were concerned tO a large cXlelll wilhtile incentives Sl~’ticltlt’e. Those ’~,.’ho made resource-using decisions coi~teerlling medleal cal’e -

39

palienls and providers - fi’cquently did not individually heal" Ihe economic costs of’lhcir dcclslons.Cosl sharing imder which ~he pallenl pays at Ihc point ofn.~ some parl of’the cost ofprovidlng Ihecare, could help conlrol demand and Iherefore utilisation. "[’his approach, however, could limit~ll~.inltlated prlmal~, care which in itself was veIT desil’able. |nstead the )X:l)ort urged cosl-sharingIo shift ulilisalion fioln hlgh-cost and low priority uses. It was held Ihat supply side incentives,parllcularly physician rcrnllncration and hospital budgeting, were more cruclaJ ill inHncnclngulillsal ion. Ahcvnativc syst ~z’ns Io I[le fee [~r ser~,ictz rem~lnct’allon ~’crc dlscttsscd in detail z~ai~]y,capitalion i’ales, pre-paid group plans (PPGPs) such as Ihe heahh mainlenance organisations(HMOs). Capitation syslems reduced utilisallon and pharmaceutical pz~zscribing rates. Just asinlportant as p[l~,slciatl rclnltncl’atlon wcrc the lllclllods by whi~2h hospitals wcrc budgclcd oT"rcimbnl’sed. The report advocated H~c adoption o[" syslems which iewai~]ed economics andi~nalised incil~cicncics.

Finally the study reviewed i~ur alternative models which could be off’red for the h-ish medical

care sy~;Icr~l) n~’llncly) ~[lc Ln~;tlt’~nc~ i’i’lo{Jc]; [ht: ilIcrci’/lcl~t;~] growth Illodcl; the comp~zli[ivc pl’c=paid group plan model; and the nallonal heallh service modcl. While the insn~,~nce model anti theincremenlal growH~ model had atlractlvc fealures, Ihey were Ix~jccted as models of)~form as rileyfailed Io improve upoll lhe all-im[z.ort anl incenlivcs slructtn’c. PPGPs and the )laliona] heahh ser-e’ice model ~’~:re r~commcndcd for cox~sidcl’atioi~. However ~[lc iElltllc~llatc goal was Io rationalisethe presenl system ~)~cl the sludy o~ll[ined a sel of prol)osals [o)" prescnl rather Ihan u[limate con-sideration. These proposals included a fi’ce general pl,’aclilioner sei-,,ice lbr everyone wilh G.P.si’~)~ltxi~c~’a~ed I)~, th~ S~at~ oil a cap~taliol~ basis and Ihal cha~’gcs bc imposed lot out-pal~cnlhospital and col~sLIhanl services and I~r in-i)a~ient hosplta] care thereby asserllng prlorilles inthvour of" primary care whe)x: possible. The proposals also included the reduction ~f subsidies Ioprivale cai~ and other financial I~views, the developmenl of" PPGPs, Ihe provision of" increasedresources IoE" ~l~alll~ ~d~tcalion an{I t’csc’arc[i.

4O

Appendix E

OUTLLtVE OF NEW PROJECTS BEGUAc IN 1985

I. Economic Forecasting and Modelling

P. Bacon: "Medium-Term Economic Review and Outlook tbr Ireland"This study will principally concern itself v,,ith the medlum-term outlook tbr the Irish economy

and the efl~cls of macroeconomic policies on economic perfol’mance over a 3-5 year time horizon.It will review the international economy and provide a medium-term scenario of the domesticeconomy to 1990. Ahernativc scenarios will also be outlined.

II. Sectoral Economic .Studies

1:’. Bacon: "Corpoz,’ate Profitability, Filmnce, Investment and Grov,’th"

The primary aim of this prqject is to estimate what has been happening to the corpol’ate sector,both at an aggregate and sectoral level. It is intended to do this by updating capital stock eslimatesalready prepared up to 1973 (Vaughan, 1980), and using the results to obtain estimates of thereturn on inveslment by ~etor. The u’ends since 1970 will be examined and an attempt made toexplain them. An examination will be carried out of the means by v.,hlch the corpol’ate .~ctor

finances investment and the role of profits and retained income in this process. Finally, there willbe all altenlpt to outline what factors promote growth in firms.

D. Connitti:: "Designation of Areas for Industrial Policy"The Nat iolml Economic and Social Council published a report calling [bra tightening-up ol’the

system whereby certain areas of the cotmtlT are eligible Ibr higher industrial grants. The Councilrecommended criteria for delimiting or designating tile areas Ibr which preferential grants shouldbe made available. However, the Council reeogni~d that there coHId be data dill]culties thatwould prevent the application of the cl-iteria to areas below a certain size.

The Minister Ibr Industry, Trade, Commerce and Tourism accepted the conclusions of theNESC’reF, ort and asked the ESRI to tmdertake, in accordance with SF, eeified terms of reference,the task of determining which areas of the country should rccelve dcslgnfitlon status.

R. O’Connor= "A Study of tile Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Scheme"A scheme Ibr the cradlcation of Ix~vine tuberculosis in Ireland was inaugurated in Septemlx:r

1954. Elvcn years later, in October 1965, after the removal o1"830,000 reactol’s, the Minister tbrAgl’ictdtttrc declared t hat the State was cleared of the disease. 11 was estimated that the incidenceof bovine tuberculosis had been reduced from 17 per cent in 1954 to negligible proportions in 1965.The net exchequer cost up to 1965 in present-day money values was aboHt ff350 million. Twentyyears laler, h~’~wcver, a[ier the cxl~ndittlre ofa filrthei’ff321 million (in present-day money values)it is estimated that 21/2 to 3 per cent of cattle herds are still int~2ctecl.

The purpose of this sludy is toI. review in detail the Ol)el~’~llon Of the scheme since its inception in 19.54, to outline the

exchequer costs to date and the KCtOl’S 1o which they have accrued~ and to pinpoint theproblenls which have arisen and tile mistakes (if" any) which have been made.

2. examine the ol~eratlon ofslmilar schemes in Britain and Nothern h’eland where the diseasehas been suceessfnlly e1,’adlcaled to see if there are any less~’lns to be learned fi’om them.

3. make recommendations as to how we should proceed fi’om now on, in the lighl of pastexperience both here and in other countries.

III. 13xtelnal Trade and Capital I"lows

J. FitzGerald: "The I)ctcrminants of Irish Iml)orts"The ptlrl~Jse of this paper is tostudy the lactors afllrcting t he volume ofimlx~rts in Ireland, tosee

whet her Ihe apparelll slabillsat ion in the prolxnsity to import is in Ihct real, whether it is likely toIzcrsist and why this stabilisation has taken place. This study will examine the importance of

eonqzetiliveness as a Ihetor in explaining past trends and llkcly filture growth in the volutx~e ofimports

The results of this study will bc of signilicancc Ibr a number of policy areas:(i) The prolzensily to import is a vital determinant of Ihe nauhiplier etli:cts of changes it’, all

41

exogenous I]¢lors allbcting the Irlsh economy.

(it) The exlcnt to ;.,,hich the growth of industry has involved a big increase in imported rawmaterials is of obvious importance to induslrial policy.

(iii) The growth of imports af consumer goods and ihe possibility of impol’t substit.tlon is ofsignillnance Io the industrial sector and Ihe economy as a whole.

(ix,) By looking al Ole de.land tbr ditt~:rcllt cateogrles of imports, lighl will be Ihrowll on thechanging st rtlcltlre of the economy and tile effects of F, olicy changes on partictdar sectoi~ ofthe economy. For example, the examination of the factors all~:cting the import of fucl willcontribute IO the formulation of energy i~llcy.

(v) There is a need tbr improved methods Ibr forecasting the volume of imports in future yearsto aid in the formulation of monetary and fiscal policy.

F. Public Exptnditure and Taxation

G. Hughes: "the Cost and \;ahle of tile Civil Scp.,ice Pension Scheme"The most iml~}Z’lanl non-salary benefit available to civil SCl%,anls is their retirement pension

scheme. The rctircmenl beIlelits available IO civil servants - and Io many other calegorles of publlcservants - have altractcd criticism in recent years, h is argued that tile bcnetits available arc Ihrmore Ihvou h’able than Iho~ generally available in the private scclor and that no provision has beennlade Ibr pension cosls which az’e likely to I~ much greater in the [tllllre, due to tile expansion intile nllmbef~ of civil ~l~’alllS in I’ecenl yeal’s alld the incl’caslng tendencv to’*’,’ards earlier I’~til’e-

~elll.

This study will outline the histolT of the civil service pension scheme and its pl’eSelll charac-teristics, h will investigate why the scheme is non-contl’il)ulory and whal reduction in earnings ismade to take aceotmt of this. h will evabtate how big the reduction should I~ to provide tile bezle-

fits Ihat alx available. Ctnnparison of nollonal and actuarial contributions will indicate if thercduction in enrnlngs is Slllticienl to pay Ibr the benefits and the i’esuhs will be tiscd to assess themagnitude of the liabilities which will have to I~ met otlt of general taxation in Ihc filttlre. Anassessment will bc macle of how pensions in the civil ~x’vice compare wilh pensions in the privatesector with partic.lar attention being paid to indexatlon arrangements. Consideration will begiven to whether civil servants should be included in the PRSI system Ibr pension i)urF.oses and tothe role which government i111ghl play in enhancing tile abilily of the private seelor to provideindexed l~nslon benetils.

M. Ross: "Cosls and Wage Rates in Public I~mploymetlt"This study is a continuation of the stHdy of pLd)lic employment in recent decades which is cur-

really being prepared I(7~i" publication, hi an earlier eb.’ati of the latter I’el×~ rt some levels of costs andwages l’ales were presented bul Ihe vohlnllnOllS nalllt’e of tile recol’d o[’cmploymen[ levels Ihem-

selves dictaled Ihal tile cosls aspects I~ det~:rred. The new stHdy is designed to cater tbr suchexlx:ndlt, res.

The ainl oflhe study is to pre~nl Ibr the liz’sl lilac in h’eland a comprehensive account of thetotal outlays on public elnployment, h will provide slatemenls Ibr iml:.orlam subsets which havenever been i~)lated in pulJlicalion Ibrm heretolbre.

I~1. Prices and Incomr.~

\V. M. Bateman: "’Trade Union Membership in tile Republic of h’eland: A Theurellcal andI:~mpirical Analysis"

Over the past three decades there has I~en azl Hpsurge in Ihe i11enlbcl’ship of t~cle innlouls inIreland, nol.j.sl of general tlllions I)ul part iclllarly a nlongst the whlte-collar ttlliOns. As Ihe share ofnon-agricldtlH’i’ll empl~)yillent in the economy increa~d, so did Ihe nnfrd)cr of Irade unionists.Several other comlll’ies inehJfling Britain have eXl~rienced similar inCl’ea~s in unionisationduring thc ’sixt ies and ’seventies.

The stHdy will examine the rapid expansion in union membcl’shiI} over Ihe Fcriod 1945 todatein h’eland and will seek to ident il~’ tile t’actoI~ which determined such growth. The dete rminanls ofgrowth in Hnion membership ’...’ill be analysed at the aggregate level, i.e. total ll,’ade unionmembelship in h’eland and al tile disaggregated level, involvlng data Oll a number of unions class-ilied by industrial gr()up. Factors expected to inlhnence union ~’owt h will include: Ihe rate ofinltla-lion, wage l,’ates, elnployment. Imelnl)loymenl, unlun density and union dues. h is holed thai theresults will shed s(3nlc light *3n tile dill~renI hypolhc~s i)ltt Ibrward to explain Hnion growth or

42

decline and improve our tmderstanding of tile operation of die labour markel in general.A trade union membeeship series will be compiled using data from wade union rel ill’llS held by

the h’ish Congress of Tl,’ade Unions, the Department of Labour and the Registrar of FriendlySocieties.

VII. population and labour Force

J" J- Sexton: "An Evaluation of Measures to Assist the Long-Term Unemployed in SelectedOECD Countries"

The organisation for Economic Co-Opct,’atioft and Developnlcnt (OECD) eomissioned theInstitute to tmdertake a stttdy involving the evaluation o[ meastires to assist the long-termm"temployed in selected frtember countries (Australia, Austria, Finland, New Zealand, and themember states of the EEC). The txzport will include iftfol’mation on the extent of long-tern’‘imctZll)loynlent, and the charactcrlstlcs ol’the long-term unemployed. ]t will classJl), uhc mea.~lnxzstaken to counter the problem in the variott~ countries as well as specil),ing the oIJjcct ivcs in the con-text of stagnant m" rising em ploynlent. The report will also include appropriate policy approaches.

Detailed cotmtz’y reports oil the subject have bccn obtalncd by OECD and these will fi.wm themain basis of the study.

j. ,J. Sexton: "A Study of Tl’ainii’‘g and Other M arq~o,.ver F’rovisions lbr Long-Yernl UnemployedAduhs in h’cland, Denmark, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom"

"[’his study was sl×msored and fimded by tile Dh’cctoratc Geneh’al tot Employment, SocialAflhirs and Education of tile EEC who commissioned the Institute to obtain iilformation on cHr*rent and future manlz, ower policy initiatives designed to deal with tile problem of Iong-ternltlllcml~loyment among aduhs (i.e. those aged 25 years and over who have been unemployed Ibrone year or more). The report provided information oil existing measures ’,’,’it h a view to identify-ing areas ol’gt~cl pl ,’act ice which con~d bc of wider application anti generally stimulate a debate oninnovative ideas in tackling the long-term ullemployment problem. The EEC ConulliSSlOllintends to develop proF, osals in the field of vocational training thr aduhs during 1986.

The terms of tile study required that, Ibr illustrative purposes, three ca~ studies relating totraining or other manpower progl.’ammes designed Io assist long-term tmemployed adnhs beidentified it’, each country and de~rlbed in some detail.

The study ’,,,,as carried out in eight COUlm’ies in all; a French agency conducted time assessment in

France, Belgium, haly arm Germany.

VIII. Living Conditions

D. Connitfi: and G. Keogh, "Estimates of Household Equivalence Scales fi’om h’ish Hou:,choldBudget Sul,,,ey Data"

Two full-scale household budget surveys welx conducted ill 1973 and 1980. Smaller surveys,coal]ned to urban areas only, wcrc conchmted in the intetx,ening yeats.

Equivalence scales constitute one approach to quantit~,’ing the ctl~cts of household compositionon household exlxndltttre. Reliable scales can therefore be h’nportant in studies of proverty,income maintenance, income distribtntlon and taxation. Equivalence scales have never beendetcz’mlned for Izish data although the household budget surveys pz’ovide an apl~ropriate database for estimation.

The proposed project is methodologically topical because in recent ycal’s there has beenconslde/~ble research on the economctrlc issues involved ill estimating equivalence scales. Tilerehas also been considerable tx2s~areh on combining information fi’ot’n cro.,:s -sect ional and time seriesdata which is very relevant in the Irish situation.

K. O’Higgins and M. Boyle: "Proliles of Children in Care"The Deparmler, t of Health has carried out a survey of children in care Ibr the past five years. No

analysis of these data has been carried out and only aggregates have beer, recorded in art internalreport. The aim of tl’‘e study is to analyse these data to discover what are tile cin’cumstanccs whichmake certain children, or groups of children, illot’e vldtleFable than others to commltnlent to care.Fttrlhermore what happens to children when in care, what tylze of care is provided and tb/" whom,and tile inllows to and outllo~.vs fi’om care will be examined thereby building up a cleat" picture ofState child care as it presently exists in h’eland. It is expected that this inlbrmatiofi will enable

more Stl,’ategic supportive services Ibr Ihmilies ’at risk’ to Ize provided in order illat children may

43

have a better chance of remaining with their families.Demographic data will he examined and related to the mote general context of Irish demo-

graphy. Groups disprolmrtionately represented among those in care can therefore be identified.Future trends in demand for child care services outside of the family will be assessed.

44

Appendix F

SCHEDULE OF MEMBERS

CORPORATE

ABBEV LIFE ASSURANCE (IRL) LTD., Abbey Lil;c House, Temple Road, Black-rock, Co. Dublin

ABBOq-F LABORATORIES IRELAND LTD., 70 Broomhill Road, Tallaght, Co.Dublin

ACOT -- An ComhaMc Oilhma Talmhalochta, Ft,’,’,’ascati Road, Blackrock, Co. Dublin.AER LINGUS, Dublin Airlx~rt, Collinstown, Co. l)ublinALGEMENE BANK NEDERLAND (IRELAND) LTD., 121/122 St Stephen’s

Green, Dublin 2ALLIED IRISH BANKS PLC, Bankcentre, Ballsbrldge, Dublin 4ALLIED IRISH FINANCE CO. LTD., Bankcenlre, Ballsbridge, l)ublin 4ALLIED IRISH INVESTMENT BANK LTD., Bankcentre, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY OF IRELAND LTD.,

Clanwilliam Court, Lower N’lottnl Street, Dublin 2AnCO, THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AUTHORITY, p.o. Box 456, Baggot

Court, Upper Baggot Street, Dublin 4ANGLO IRISH MEAT CO. LTD., Ravensdalc, Dundalk, Co. LouthARAN ENERGY LTD., Clanwilliam Court, Lower Mo’ant Street, Dublin 2ARNO’Iq" & CO. DUBLIN LTD., p.o. Box 3, 12 Henry Street, Dublin I

BAILIEBORO CO-OF’ AGRICULTURAL AND DAIRY SOCIETY, Bailicboro,Co. Cavan

BANK OF AMERICA, Russell Court, St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2BANK OF IRELAND, Head Office, Lower Baggot Street, Dublin 2BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, Canada House, 65/68 St Stepllcn’s Green, Dublin 2BANQUE NATIONALE DE PARIS (IRELAND) LTD., II1 St. Stephcn’s Green

West, Dublin 2BARCLAYS BANK PLC, 47/48 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2BARRY’S TEA LIMITED, Kinsale Road, CorkBAYER (IRELAND) LTD., Industrial Estate, Kill o’ The Gi,’ange, Dun Laoghaire,

Co. DublinBEAMISH & CRAWFORD LTD., South Main Street, CorkBEECHAM O1" IRELAND LIMITED, Long Mile Road, Dublin 12BEECHAM LABORATORIES LTD., Ferry House, 48/53 Lower Mount Street,

Dublin 2BERGER PAINTS IRELANI) LIMITED, P.O. Box 375, Malahide Road, Cooloek,

Dublin 5THE BOOTS COMPANY (IRELAND) LTD., 38 Airton Road, Tallaghl, Dublin 17AN BORD BAINNE CO-OP LTD., Gi,’attan House, Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2BORD FAILTE EIREANN, Baggol Street Bridge, Dublin 2BORD GAIS EIREANN, P.O. Box 51, Inehera, Little Island, CorkBORD IASCAIGH MHARA, Crotion Road, Dun Laoghairc, Co. DublinBORD NA MONA, 76 Lower Baggot Street, DuMin 2AN BORD PLEANALA, h’ish Life Centre, Lower Abbey Street, DuMio IBOS~FO. N COLLEGE, O’Neill Library, Chestnut Hill, Ma.-~aehusetts 02167, U.S.ABP IRELAND LIMITED, BP House, Setanta Place, Dublin 2B & I LINE, p.o. Box 19, 12 North Wall, Dublin IBURMAH/CASTROL (IRELAND) LTD., Alexandra Road, Dublin IBWG LIMITED, Franklin House, 140 Pembroke Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4

CALOR TEORANTA, 33 Mespil Road, Dublin 4CANADA LIFE ASSURANCE CO., Canada House, 65/68 SI. Stcphcn’s Green,

Dublin 2

45

CARLOW REGIONAL TECHNICAl. COLLEGE, Kilkenny Road, CarlowCARROLL INDUSTRIES LTD., Grand Parade, Dublin 6CBF -- The Irish Livestock and Meat Board, Clanwilllam Court, Lower,Moun! Street,

Dublin 2CEIMICI TEORANTA, Fitzwihon House, Wilton Place, Dublin 2CENTRAL BANK OF IRELAND, 17.O. Box 559, Dame Street, DuMin 2CENTRE FOR IRISH STUDIES, Catholic University of America, Washington D.C.

20064, U.S.A.CHASE BANK (IRELAND) LIMITED, 18-21 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2CIBA/GEIGY AGRO LTD., Industrial Estate, WaterlbrdC.I.S.I. -- WHARTON, Econometric Forecasting Associates, Ebury Gale, 23 Lower

Belgrave S[l’eel, London SWIWONW, EnglandCITIBANK, N.A., 71 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2CLANCOURT INVESTMENTS LTD., 12 Merrion Square, Dublin 2CLARE COUNTY COUNCIL, The Courthouse, Ennis, Co. ClareCOLLEGE LIBRARY, Training College of Our Lad}, of Mercy, Carysforl Park,

Blackrock, Co. DublinCOLLEGE OF COMMERCE, Rathmines, Dublin 6COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, The Library,. Sandlbrd Road,

Ranelagh, Dublin 6COMHLUCHT NA hEIREANN UM ARACHASTEO., 12 Dawson Street, Dublin 2CONFEDERATION OF IRISH INDUSTRY, Confederation House, Kildare Street,

Dublin 2COOPERS AND LYBRAND ASSOCIATES LTD., Fitzwihon House, Wihon Place,

Dublin 2COOPERS ANIMAL HEALTH IRELAND LIMITED, Airton Road, Tallaght,

Dublin 24CORAS IOMPAIR EIREANN, Stt,’ategie and Corporate Planning Department,

14/19 Crow Stree!, Dublin 2CORAS TRACHTALA, Merrion Hall, Sn’and Road, Sandymounl, Dublin 4CORK CORPORATION, City Hall, CorkTHE COYLE GROUP LIMEI’ED, 12 Long Walk, GalwayCRAIG GARDNER & CO., Chartered Accounlants, Gardner House, Wihon Place,

Dublin 2

DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE & PERSONNEL, Policy Planning and ResearchUnit, Parllamcnl Buiklings, Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SW, N. Ireland

DEVELOPMF.NT CAPITAL CORPORATION LIM1TED, DCC House, Slillorgan,Blackrock, Co. Dublin

DUBLIN COUNTY COUNCIL, P.O. Box 174, s,6/49 Upper O’Connell Street,Dublin I

DUBLIN PORT & DOCKS BOARD, Port Cenlre, Alexandra Road, Dublin [DUNDALK REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, College Library, Dundalk, Co.

Louth

EASON & SON LTD., p.o. Box 42, 80 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin IEASTERN HEALTH BOARD, P.O. Box 41A, I James’s Street, Dublin 8ECCO LIMITED, Dundalk, Co. LouthEDINBURGH UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9L J,

.ScotlandEDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE, St. Patrick’s College, Drumcondra,

Dublin 9ELANCO S. A., Dunderrow, Kinsale, Co. CorkELECTRICITY SUPPLY BOARD, 27 Lower Fitzwilliam Street, Dublin 2ESB OFFICERS’ ASSOCIATION, 43 Eas James s Place, Off Baggot Street, Dublin 2ESSILOR IRELAND LTD., Raheen Industrial Estate, LimerickEUROPEAN DEMOCRATIC ALLIANCE GROUP, Eurol~zan Parliament, Bur.249 -- Archives, Rue Belliard 9%113, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium

46

I’~XPANDITE (IRELAND) LIMITI?,D, Greenhins Road, Walkinstown, Dublin 12

FEDERATED UNION OF EMPLOYERS, Baggot Bridge House, 84/86 Lov,’erBaggot Street, Dublin 2

FEDI’]RATED WORKERS’ UNION OF IRELAND, 29/30 Parnell Square, Dublin IFINNSALES LTD., Hainauh House, 69 St Stel~hcn’s Green, Dublin 2FLOGAS PLC, Dublin Road, Drogheda, Co. LouthFMC INTERNAT.IONAL, Wallingsto,.vn, Little Island, CorkAN FORAS TALUNTAIS, 19 SandyrrJount Avenue, Dublin 4HENRY FORD & SON LTD., CorkFULFLEX INTERNATIONAL LTD., Galvone, Roxboro Road, Limerick

GAELEO LTD., Little Island, CorkGALLAHER (DUBLIN) LTD., \;irginia House, Grccnhills Road, Tallaght, Co.

DublinGALVqAY COUNTY LIIM~AR1ES, lslaz’id Hour, Cathedral Square, Gal’,vay CityGARDA SIOCHANA COLLEGE, ’l’eoq)leolore, Co. TipperaryGENERAL ACCIDENT FIRE AND LIFE ASSURANCE CORPORATION PLC,

1 Clanwilliam Court, Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2GILBEVS OF IRELAND LIMITED, Naas Road, Dublici 12GOLDEN PAGES LIMITED, St Martin’s House, Waterloo Road, Dublin 4GOODBOD\’ DUDGEON, 5 College Green, Dublin 2GOV~AN DISTRIBUTORS LTD., Parkmore Estate, Long Mile Road, Dublin 12GUINNESS IRELAND LTD., St. Jarnes’s Gate, DublirJ 8GYPSUM INDUSTRIES LTD., Clooskeagh Road, Dublin 14

HGW PAINTS LTD., Shar, don Paint Works, Comn’Eons Road, CorkHARV’ARD COLLEGE LIBRARY, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.AHEALTH EDUCATION BUREAU, 34 Upper Mount Street, Dublin 2HIBERNIAN INSURANCE PLC, Haddington Road, Dublin 4HIGHER EDUCATION AUTHORITY, 21 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin 2HILL SAMUEL & CO. (IRF.LANI)) LTD., Hill Samuel House, Adelaide Road,

Dublin 2HILTI (I) LIMITED, Dublin Industrial Estate, Finglas Road, Glasnevin, Dublin 11HOSPITALS.JOINT SERVICES BOARD, HolylarJds, Rathlhrnham, Dublin 14

IBM IRELAND LTD., 2 Burlington Road, Dublin 4ICI IRELAND LTD., p.o. Box 245A, 5/9 South Frcderick Street, Dublin 2INDUSTRIAL CREDIT COMPANV, 32-34 Harcourt Su’ect, Dublin 2INSTITUTE OF IRISH STUDIES, 9 North Gt’eat George’s Street, Dublin IINSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, 59-61 Lansdownc Road, Dublin 4INTERNATIONAL COMPUTERS LTD., ICL House, Adelaide Road, Dublin 2THE IN\;ESTMENT BANK OF IRELAND LIMITED, 26 Fitzwillian’, Place,

Dublin 2IRISH BANK OF COMMERCE, .52/53 Harcourt Street, Dublin 2IRISH CONGRESS OF TRADE UNIONS, 19 Raglan Road, Dublin 4IP, ISH CO-OPEI~’,ATI\;E ORGANISATION SOCIETV I.TD., ’Phmkctt House’,

84 Merrion Square, Dublin 2IRISH DISTILLERS GROUP LTD., Bow Street Distillery, Smithfiekl, Dublin 7IRISH FEDERATION OF SELF-EMPLOYED, 21 Mespil Road, Dublin 4IRISH INDUSTRIAL I’~NPLOSI\;ES LTD., 87/89 Waterloo Road, Dublin 4IRISH INDUSTRIAL GASES LIMITED, P.O. Box 201, Bhlcbell, Dublin 12IRISH INTERCONTINENTAL BANK LTD., 91 Merrion Square, Dublin 2IRISH LEAGUE OF CREDIT UNIONS, Castlesidc Drive, Raththrnham, Dublin 14IRISH LIFE ASSURANCE CO. LTD., Irish Life Centre, Lower Abbey Street,

Dublin IIRISH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, Sandytbrd Road, Durldrun"h DLiblirJ 14IRISH PENSIONS TRUST LTD., Hill Samuel House, 25-28 Adelaide Road, Dublin 2

47

IRISH POTATO MARKETING LTD., 4 Mcrrion Square, Dublin 2IRISH STEEL LTI)., Haulbowline, Cobh, Co. CorkIRISH TRANSPORT AND GENERAL WORKERS’ UNION, 10 Pahnerston Park,

Dublin 6

JETRO (JAPAN EXTERNAL TRADE ORGANISATION), Confederation House,Kildare Street, Dublin 2

.JOHNSON & JOHNSON (IRELAND) LIMITED, Belgard Road, Tallaght, Co.Dul)lin

.JONES LANG WOOTTON, Molesworlh Building, Molesworth Streel, Dublin 2

ROBERTJ. KIDNEY & CO., 12 College Green, Dublin 9

LABORATORY DATA CONTROL, Building 89, Industrial Estate, Shannon, Co.Clare

LAOIS COUNTY COUNCIL, The Courthouse, Portlaoise, Co. LaoisLIMERICK CORPORATION, P.O. Box 52, City Hall, Rutland Street, LimerickLIMERICK COUNTY COUNCIL, County Buildings, 80/83 O’Connell Street,

LimerickLOCAL GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC SERVICES’. UNION, 9 Gardiner Place,

Dublin ILOCAL GOVERNMENT STAFF NEGOTIATIONS BOARD, 35/37 Usher’s

Quay, l)ublin 8

MAGUIRE AND PATERSON LIMrI’ED, Hammond Lane, Dublin 7MARY IMMACULATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, South Circular Road,

LimerickMASTER I:OODS LTD., 7/8 Harcourt StreeL Dublin 2MEATH COUNTY COUNCIL, County Hall, Navan, Co. MeathMIDWEST IRELAND DENTAL BRANCH OF SYBRON MIDWEST B.V., Cooks-

town Industrial Estalc, Wallaght, Co. DublinMINCH NORTON & CO. LTD., Maltsters, 52 Ncwmarkel, Dublin 8MOBIL OIL COMPANY (IRELAND) LTD., Airton Road, Tallaght, Co. DublinMONAGHAN COUNTY LIBRARY, The Diamond, Clones, Co. MonaghanMURRAY CONSULTANTS LTD., 35 Upper Mount Street, Dublin 2

McCONNELL ADVERTISING SERVICE LIMrI’ED, McConnell House, Charle-mont Place, Dublin ’)

NATIONAL BOARD FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Shelbourne House,Shelbourne Road, Dublin 4

NATIONAL BUILDING AGENCY LTD., Richmond Avcnuc South, Milhown,Dublin 6

NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL AWARDS, 96 Mountjoy Square,Dublin I

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, Ballymun Road, Dublin 9NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, Plassey House, LimerickNATIONAL REHABILITATION BOARD, 95 Clyde Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4NATIONAL SOCIAL SERVICE BOARD, 71 Lower Leeson Street, Dublin 9NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL OF IRELAND, 3 Montague Street, Dul)lin 2NEWMARKET CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERIES LTD., Newmarket, Co. CorkA. C. NIELSEN OF IRELAND LIMrrED, 36 Merrion Square, Dublin 9NIXDORF COMPUTER LTD., Fitzwilliam Court, Leech Close, Dublin 9CHARLES NOLAN & SONS LTD., Devonshire Street West, CorkNORTHERN BANK LIMITED, P.O. Box" 183, Donegall Square ~,.Vest, Beli:ast

BTI 6JS, N. h’elandNORTHF.RN BANK FINANCE CORPORATION IJMITED, Grilt]n House,

7/8 Wihon Terrace, Dublin 2

48

O’CONNOR O’SULLIVAN LTD., 52 Northumberland Road, Dublin 4OFFAL"( COUNTY COUNCIl., The Courthouse, Tullamore, Co. OfthlyORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DI’2VI’~LOPM I’2NT,

Main Library, 2 Rue Andre Pascal, 75775 Paris, Cedex 16, FranceORGANON (IRELAND) LTD., P.O. Box 937, Farnham Drive, Finglas, Dublin II

I’ACKARD ELI’2CTRIC IRELAND LTD., Airton Road, Tallaght, Co. DublinPA MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS (IRELAND) LIMITED, 10/12 Lafisdownc

Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4PAN ATLANTIC GROUP (EUROPE) LTD., Ross House, Victoria Place, GalwayPENN CHEMICALS B.V., Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, Co. CorkPFIZER CHEMICAL CORPORATION, Ringaskiddy, Co. CorkPI-IELAN PRESCO’I~I" & CO., Ahon House, Herbert Street, Dublin 2PI.AYER & WILLS (IRELAND) Ltd., Box 286, 276-288 South Circular Road,

Dublin 8PMPA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD., Wolff: Tone Hottse, 39-48 \’Vollb Tone

Street, 12/13 Mary Street, Dublin 2AN POST, The Post Otfice, General Post OIl"icc, O’Conncll Street, Dublin IPOSTAL AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS WORKERS’ UNION, 53 Parnell

Square, Dublin 1

QUINNSWORTH, Gresham House, Marine Road, Dun Laoghairc, Co. Dublin

RAIDIO NA GAELTACHTA, Casla, Conamara, Co. na GaillimhcRADIO TI’2LEFIS I’2IREANN, Donnybrook, Dublin ’tRHM FOODS (IRELAND) LTD., Dublin Industrial Estate, Finglas Road, Glasncvin,

Dublin I IROYAL COLLI’S, GE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND, 123 St Stephen’s Green,

Dublil~ 2ROYAL INSURANCE CO. LTD., I College Green, Dublin 2

ST ANGELA’S COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, Lough Gill, SligoST. CATHERINE’S COLLEGE OF HOME ECONOMICS, Sion Hill,:Blackrock,

Co. DublinST. PATRICK’S COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL, Shannon, Co. ClareTHE SCOq’I’ISH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh

EH2 2YA, ScotlandSLIGO REGIONAL TECHNICAl. COLLEGE, Ballinodc, SligoSOLOMONS, ABRAHAMSON & CO., I/3 Westmoreland Street, Dublin 2STOKES KENNEDY CRO~,’VLEY, Management Consultants, I Stokes Place, St

Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2SVNTI’2X h’eland Limited, Clarecastle, Co. Clare

TARA MINES LTD., 162 Clontarf Road, Dublin 3TELECOM.EIREANN, St. Stephcn’s Green "~’Vest, Dublin 2TELEMECANIQUE (IRELAND) LTD., Maynooth Road, Celbridgc, Co. KildarcTII:~PERARY (SOUTH RIDING) COUNTY COUNCIL, Comity Buiklings, ILmmct

Square, Clonmel, Co. TipperaryTOUCHE ROSS & CO., Management Consuhants, Carrick House, 16 Wellington

Road, Dublin 4TRALEE REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLI.EGI’~, Clash, Tralee, Co. KerryTRUSTEE SAVINGS BANK DUBLIN, Main Street, Dtmdrum, Dublin 14

UDARAS NA GAELTACHTA, Na Forbacha, GaillimhcUDT BANK LIMITED, P.O. Box 616, 13-16 Fleet Street, Dublin 2ULSTER BANK LIMITED, Head Office, P.O. Box 232, 47 Doncgall Place, Bell\st

BTI 5AU, N. h’elandULSTER INVESTMENT BANK LTD., 2 Hume Street, Dublin 2

49

ULSTI’:R POLY’I’I’:CHNIC, Faculty of Business and Management, Shore Road,Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, N. h+eland

UNILI’ZVER GROUP, Harcourt Centre, 33/39 Harcottrt Road, Dublin 2UNION OF PROFESSIONAL AND "[’ECHNICAL CIVIL SI’2RV’ANTS, 16 Earls-

Ib,1 "[’erl,’aee, Dublin 2UNIVERSITY COLI+EGE SWANSEA, Main Library, Singleton Park, Swansea,

West Glamorgan SA2 8PP, Wales

VANGUARD PLASTICS (IRELAND) LTD., Millbrook Road, Oldcastle, Co.Meath

V’ERBATIM LIMI’I’I’7+D, Raheei++ Industrial Estate, LimerickX"ICTORIA UNIV’I’ZRSI’I’V OF WELLINGTON, Library, Privale Bag, Wellington,

New Zeala r+d\;OLUNTARY HI~AL’[’H INSURANCE BOARD, \"HI House, 20 Lower Abbey

Street, Dublin I

WALPAMUR CO. (IRELAND) LTD., 7/13 Cardill" Lane, Dublin 2WATIgRFORD REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLI~,GI’2, Cork Road, WaterJbrdWELLCOMI’~ IRELAND LIMITEI), Airton Road, Tallaght, Co. DublinWILLWOOD GROUP OF COMPANIES, Blessinglon Road, Tallaghl, Co. Dublin

YARDLEY OF LONDON LTD., 37 Cherry Orchard Industrial Estate, Ballyli:rnaotRoad, Dublin 10

YOUTH EMPLOYMI~NT AGI’~NCY, Carrisbrook House, Pembroke Road, Balls-bridge, Dublin 4

INDIV’IDUAL

ARMSTRONG, .J. V’ictor, M.A., F.I.A., Actuary and Managing Dh’ector, SKCPension Consultants, I Stokes Place, St. SIcphen’s Green, Dublin 2

BABEL-THOMSON, D., 48 Bayside Square North, Sutton, Dublin 13BARLOW, A. C., B.Se., M.Sc., Department of Economics, University College, CorkBARRE’I+I+, Scan D., M.A., l’]conomics Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2

+BARRINGTON, T..J., Dargleside, Enniskerry, Co. Wieklov,,BARRY, John P., Pitney Bowes PLC, Parkmore Induslrial Eslale, Long Mile Road,

Dublin 12+BEERE, Thekla .I., M.A., LL.I)., "Moyvalley", Glenablyn Road, Stillorgan, Co.

Dublin+BLACK, R. D. C., Ph.D., 14 Malone Court, B<zll~st BT9 6PA, N. h’eland*BOURKE, J. \"., M.Comm., Ph.D., LL.D., 22 Forlfield Park, Dublin 6

BOWl+Z, Re,.,. Pard G., O. P., St Saviour’s, Ul:4~er Dorset Street, Dublin 7BOVLAN, ’l’homas A., B.A., M.Sc.(l’2con.), Department of Economies, Uni’L,’ersily

College, GalwayBOVLE, J~.m, B.Comm., Golden Vale l+’ood Products l..Id., Charleville, Co. CorkBRADLEY, Finbarr D., B.E., M.B.A., Interrmtional Business l)epartment, Room

800, New York Urtiversily, GBA, 100 Trinily Place, New York, N.Y. [0006, U.S.A.BRADLEY, M. Fr.’ank, B.A., M.Econ.Sc., Ph.D., Centre for lnterr, ational Marketing

Studies, Faeuh.y of Conunerce, University College, Bcllleld, Dublin 4BRADY, Re’,,. John M., S..J., College of lnduslrial Relations, Sandlbrd Road,

Ranelagh, Dubfiri 6BRENNAN, Francis R., B.Comm., D.P.A., Gilnockie, Sandylbrd Road, Dublin 14BRODERICK, .J.B., M.Sc., 6 Ailesbury Park, Ballsbridge, DubliI’i 4BUITLI’:IR, Donal de, B.A., M.l’2con.Sc., Ph.I)., Flat 1.5, 38 Haddington Road.

Dublin 4

5O

CAHILL, Helen, h’ish Marketing Surveys Ltd, 19-21 Upl:,er I:’enlbroke Slreet,Dublin 2

CALLANAN, Brian, Coqxa’ate F’lanning & lnfornlation Olficer, Shannon FreeAirport l)evelopment Co., Sharmon Free Airlift, Co. Clare

CAI/ROLL, D. S. /’\., F.C.A., LL.D., Chairm~m, Carroll lnd~lslrics Ltd., GrandParade, Dul:Jlin 6

CASF.Y, J. Jerome, B.A., M.l’2con.Sc., 55 St Laurence Road, Chalx:lizod, Dublin 20CASHMAN, Aileeo F., B. Psych., Dip. Ed., 2 Momuainviev,’ Road, R,anelagh,

I)ublin 6CASSELLS, Pcwr, l)ip.Admi~.Sc., Economic and .S~ial Al|?-iirs Olliccr, Irish

Congress of Trade Unions, 19 Raglan Road, Dublin 4CLANCY, Patrick, B.A., M.Ed., Ph.D., Department of Social Science, Urtiversity

College, l~:ll]eld, Dublin .4CM’.’,ARY, Frank, Monread Roa,:l, Naas, Co. KildareCONLON, M. N., General Manager, Cork Savings Bank, .,’tdminislration Cc’ntl~:,

Douglas, Cork

CONNELLAN, Liam, B.E., C.Eng., F.I.E.]., Director General, Cozffederalion ofh’ish Industry, Confederation House, KiMare Slrcet, Dublin 2

COOK, Geolli’ey, M.A.(Eeon.), l)eparlrnenl of Social Science, University College,gelIield, Dublin 4

COOPE, Robin, B.Sc.(gcon.), Economics Deparmlera, Unilever PLC, p.o. Box 68,Unilever Hollse, London, EC’:I-F’ ’tgOo Engla~d

CORLEY, Michael, B.A., B.Comm., H.D.E., 3 Four Sea.~ns Drive, Tulla Road,Rosele’,,ar,, 1’2nnis, Co. Clare.

CORR", Finbarr F., 48 Beech F’ark f)rive, Foxrock, Co. I)ublir,CO’I~FER, W..J., B.A., H.D.I~., Dip.Ed.Man., Patrician High School, Carrick-

macros.s, Co. Monag|mrJCOUGHLAN, Anthony, M.A., Del)artmem of Social Studies, Trinily College,

Dublin 2CROM[FN, Scan, B.A., Second Secretary, Deparmlent of Finance, Upper Merrion

Street, Dublin 2

DAVIS, .]oscph P., B.C;omm., M.Sc.(l’;eon.), 59 Ballinclea Heights, Kin|hey, Co.l)ublir~

"DEAN, Geofli’ey, M.I)., F.R.C.P., l)irector, The Medlco-Social Research Board,73 Lov.’er Baggot Street, DuMin 2

I)ELANY, James./., M.A., M.B.A., B.L., 14 Manor Close, Higldield Manoz’, Ralh-Ihrnham, I)ublin 16

"I)I~,Mlz’SEY, J. F., B.Comm., LL.I)., F.C.A., Apartment II, Ardoync I-louse,I:’cmbrokc Park, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4

I)OHERT"(, James, M.B.I.M., B.A., B.Comrn., 7 Penriyburn lnduslrial F.stale,Dcrry BT48 0LU, N. Ireland

DONNELLY,.J., Deloiue, Haskins & ,Sells, Fitzwihon House, Wihon Place, Dublin 2DOUGLAS, D.J.A., B.A.~ M.A., M.C.I.P., 1700 Cornincntal Bank Building, 10250-

10l Strccl, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3P4, CanadaDOYLE, ~,lary, B.A., M.A., 48 Ardmore Crescent, Artane, Dublin 5DOYLE, Rev. Robert, OFM, B.A., B.Ph., S.T.L+, H.D.E., Fi,’alaciscan College,

Gormanston, Go. MeathI)UFFY, Bro. Declan, General Secretary, Secretariat of Secondary Schools, Mi’ll-

lowr, Park, Dublin 6DUNCAN, James S., M.Sc., President, .J.S. Duncan Industrial Research Ltd., 9819-

113th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canacla TSK IN3I’)URKAN, Joseph, M.A., Avonlea, Leixlip Road, Lucan, Co. DuMin

EATON, George, F.C.A., A.I.T.I., Shannon Lodge, Grace Road, Athlone, Co.\’Vest meat h

FERRIS, Thomas P., B.A., M.A., 12 Anglesea Avenue, Blackrock, Co. Dublin

51

FINE-DAVIS, Margrct, B.S., M.A., Ph.D., Department of Psychology, TrinityCollege, 25 Westland Row, Dublin 2

FITZPATRICK, Jim, B.Soc.Sc., M.A., Ph.D., 58 Haddington Road, Dublin 4FOSTER-SMITH, Jenny M., c/o The l-lenley Ca2nt re for Forecasting, 2 Tudor Street,

London EC4Y 0AA, EnglandFOX, Aidan, M.A., Assistant Lecturer, Regional Technical College, Carlow

GANNON, Jack, h-ish Transport and General Workers’ Union, 10 l:~ah’nerstonPark, Dublin 6

GIBSON, N.J., B.Sc.(Eeon.), Ph.l)., Pro-Vice-Chancellor, The University of Ulster,University House, Cromore Road, Coleraine, C,o. l])er{T BT52 ISA

GILLESPIE, Scamus, M.A., B.Sc.(Econ.), D.G. II-A-I, EEC Commission, Room7/36, 200 Rue de la Loi, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium

*GILLMAN, C. J., M.Sc., 39 Friarsland Road, l])Hhlin 14GIRODET, Jean-Louis, Fir.’sl Secretary, French Embassy, 36 Aileshury Road,

Dublin ~"GOGAN, Brian, Ph.D., 169 Booterstown Avenue, Co. DublinGRANT, Droston J., 34 Morchampton Road, Duhlin 4

HALL, John, National Secretary, Association of.Scientific, Technical and ManagerialStaffs, 38 Lower Lee.son Street, Dublin 2

HALL, Patrick A., B.F~., M.S., Dip.Star., Director of Research, {nstitttte of PublicAdminlstI,’alion, 59-61 l~ansdowne Road, Dublin 4

HANNAN, EamoJm, A.C.P.A., A.I.C.A., A.C.C.S., D.L.S., Chief Exectltivc Officer,Western Health Board, Merlin Park, Galway

HEALY, Re,.,. Sean J., M.A., Ph.D., Dartry House, Orwell Park, Rathgar, Dublin 6HENEGHAN, Philip, M.A., Ph.D., 1’t6 Ballinclea Heights, Killiney, Co. DublinHIGGINS, Terence, B.Comrn., Internal Auditor, Tclecom Eireann, St Stephen’s

Green West, Duhlin 2*HONOHAN, W. A., M.A., F.I.A., 102 St Mobhi Road, Glasnevin, Dublita 9

*JENKINS, Jell’cry B., 3.’l.A.(Oxon.), 20 Ailesbury Drive, Donnybrook, Dublin 4

KA\ZANAGH, The Most Roy. James, Bishop of Zcrta, 181 Swords Road, Whitehall,Dublin 9

KEANE, 3.’1. A., M.Econ.Sc., B.Comm., 6 Manor Green, Highfield Manor, Rathfarn-ham, Dublin 16

KEANE, William T., M.A., The Old RecloiT, Ralhdowney, Co. LaoisKEEGAN, Michael F., B.A., B.Comm., D.P.A., F.I.P.M., Secretary, Department of

Labour, Davitt House, Mespil Road, Dublin 4KEHOE, Patrick T., B.Comm., D.P.A., 3.,I.B.A., B.L., Ph.D., Patrick Kehoe 8.: Assoc-

iates, 138 Lower Baggot Street, Dublin 2KELLEHER, Scan D., B.A., B.Comm., F.C.A., 26 Ardmeen Park, Blaekroek, Co.

Dublin.KELLY, P. G., M.A., A.C.A., I Arranmore Road, Her-I~rt Park, Ballshridge,

Dublin 4KELLY, F’hilipJ., Cooney Corrigan Kelly, 18 Merrion Square, l])ublin 2KENNEDY, Colette, B.A., H.D.E., Beech View, Clonskeagh Road, Dublin 14KENNEDY, Finola, M.A., Ph.D., 12 Richelieu Park, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4

"KENNY, Ivor, K.C.S.G., M.A., LL.D., C.B.I.M., L.F.Mgt.I., Unive,.’sity College,Woodvicw, Bellicld, Dublin 4

KENNY, Penelope, B.A., 13 F’almerston Gardens, Ralhmines, Dublin 6KER R, S. A., 3.’l.Econ.Sc., B.Colnm., D.P.A., 18 Maple Road, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14

LAWLOR, Robert J., Principal, Dublin Coll/:ge of Catering, Cathal Brngha Street,Dublin I

LENNON, Peter .J., B.A., M.S.A., DGIII/F, Commi~si~m of the European Com-munities. Ruc dc la Loi, 200, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium

52

LENNONI Scan, I l0 South Park, Foxrock, Dublin 18*LF, SF, R, C. E. V., School of Economic Studies, Unive1~ily of Leeds, Leeds LS½ 9.IT,

EnglandL1NEHAN, Thomas, P., B.E., B.Sc., Director, Ceotral Statistics Otfice, Dublin 2

*LYNCH, Patrick, M.A., M.R.I.A., 68 Marlborough Road, Dublin 4

MANSERGH, Martin, Ph.D., Room 554, 5th Floor, Leinster House, Kildar(: Street,Dublin 2

MEAD-FOX, David C., 84"t6 57th Avenue, Bcrwyn Heights, Maryland 207’t0,U.S.A.

*.,X.IEI-2NAN,.]. F., M.A., B.L., Albany I-louse, Monkstown, Co. Dublin.,MOLONEY, Thomas, Medical Laboratory Technologists’ Association, 29 Parnell

Square, Dublin I.,MOORE, William, General Manager (Operations) and Secretary, Agricultural

Credit Corporation, ACC House, Upper Hatch SIreet, l)ublill 2,3.,IOR RISSI’2Y, Rev. Thomas, S.J., Director, College of Industrial P, clations, Sandy-

tbrd Road, Ranelagh, Dublin 6*MULDOWNEY, S.J., F.C.A., 13 Fortfield Drive, Terenure, DHblin 6

MUP, P]’I\’, Denis, B.Comm., M.B.A., F.C.A., A.C.M.A., Avondale, NavigationRoad, Mallow, Co. Cork

MURPHY, Michael J., M.B.A., B.Comm., D.P.A., Commerci~d Director, Milchels-town Co-Op Agricuhuz,’al Society Ltd., Fermoy Road, Mitchelslown, Co. Cork.

*MURRAY, C. H., LL.D., 6 Washington Park, Dublin 14

McALI’2ESE, Dermot, B.Comm., M.Econ.Sc., M.A., I:’h.D., Department of Econ-omics, Trinity College, Dublin 2

McCARTHY, Charles, B.L., Ph.D., Marsh’s Library, Dublin 8McCARTHY, Eugene, M.Sc.(Econ.). D.l~con.Sc., ’t Ailesbury Park, Ballsbridge,

Dublin ’~~X,IcCARTHY, John P., A.B., M.A., M.Sc.(Econ.), Waterlbrd Regional Technical

College, Cork Road, WaterfordMcCARTHY, P..J., B.A., 6 Inchvale Avenue, Douglas West, Co. CorkMcCRAVE, Scan, B.Sc., 15 Adelaide Street, Dun Laoghairc, Co. DublinMcDONAGH, Rcv. John, B.Sc., H.D.E., Ph.D., "Westfields", Ballymun Road,

Dublin 9McI’2\;OY, P. J., B.Comm., D.P.A., 4 \;ilia Park Road, Navan Road, Dublin 7

*McGARTOLL, J., M.A., 65 Knocknashee, Lower Kilmacud Road, Goatslown,Dublin 14

McKAV, John J., B.Sc., B.Comm., D.P.A., M.Econ.Sc., Dlamaelis, CavanMcKI-2NNA, Rev. L., S..J.,Juslicc Dcpartnlent, Conference of Major Religious Super-

iol.’s, Milhown Park, I)ublin 6

"NAG 1.1"2, J. C.,M. Eeon.Sc., 9 Winton Avenue, Rathgar, Dublin 6NAGLE, Michael J., 38 Rathfarnham Park, Dubfin 14NE\;IN, l)onal, 8 Taney Crescent, l)undrum, Dublin 14

*NEk;IN, Monica, B.A., Ph.D., Hunter’s Moon, Sydenham Villas, Dundrtlm,Dublin 14

NUNAN, Donald, M.Econ.Sc., College Lecturer, Department of 1’2c~nomics, Uni-versity College, Cork

O’BRIEN, Patrick E., 22 Calderwood Circle, Donnybrook, Douglas, CorkO’BROIN, Josel)h, Cl’aig Gardner & Co., Gat’dncr House, Wilton Place, Dublin 2

*O’BROLCHAIN, R., B.A., 22 St Helen’s Road, Bootcrstown, Co. DublinO CAOLLAI, M., 39 Bothar Barton Thoir, Baile Atha Cliath 14

O CEARBHAILL, I)iarmuid, M.A., B.Comm., H.D.E., Departrncrtt of Economics,University College, Galv,’ay

*’O CEARBHAILL, T., "Tinode", 113 Roebuck Road, Dublin 14O COF,’kIGH, Tomas I"., Governor~.Ccntral Bank of Ireland, 1:’.O. Box 559, Dame

Slrcet, 13ublin 2

53

O COIRBHIN, Diorai, A.C.A., B.Sc.(Ecor,.), Secretary/Bulgar, University College,Galway

O’CONNELI., Rev. John, B.A., M.A., St..Joscl)h’s Parish, Balcurris, Dublin I IO’CONNOR, Calhal, B.Comm., M.B.S., I Sycamore Drive, The Park, Cabinteely,

Co. DublinO’CONNOR, Joyce, B.Soc.Sc., M.Soc.~., Ph.l)., Director, Sl~ial Re.~arch Centre,

Nalional ]nsdmle Ibr Higher 1.2dneadon, Limerick"O’DOHI’2RTY, Re,.,. E. F., M.A., Ph.D., Apt. 5, l)ormybrook Green, Dublin 4

O’I)WYER, James P., B.A., B.L., Manager, Human Resources, Chase Bank (h’eland)Lid., 18 SI Stcpher~’s Gn’eer,, Dublin 2

O’I)WYI.2R, Tony, APSO TI.’aining and Resource Centre, 99 Marlborough Road,Ranelagh, Dublin 6

O FIONNGHALAIGH, I., 55, Callary Road, Mount Merrion, Co. l)ublinO’HAGAN, .John W., B.E., B.A., M.A., Ph.D., S.F.T.C.D., l)epartment of l’2cono-

talcs, Trinity College, Dublin 2O’KELLY, Kevin A., B.A., 125 Kincora Road, Clontart, Dublin 3O’MAHON",", David P., M.A., Ph.l)., B.L., l)cparlmcnt of l’2conomics, University

Collegc, CorkO’MARA, Aidan J., M.Sc.(Mght), Nokia Ltd., McKee Avcrme, Finglas, Dublin I IO’NEILL, Helen, B.Comm., M.A., Ph.l)., Centre tbr Development Studies, Depart-

ment of F’olitical F, conomy, University College, Bellield, l’)ublln 40 NUALLAIN, l.abhras, I).F~eon..";c., "Kilclooney", l:’olhlamorne West, Sahhill,

GalwavO NU:\I~LAIN, Rnairi. M.A., Dip.Slat., 18 l-lermimgc Lawn. RadHhrnhan’l, ])ul)llrl

16O’RAI:’I;’ERTY, Scan, B.E., D.I.C., P.l"2ng., M.E.I.C., :\.S.G.E., Pro~ztor and Red-

li:rn Limited, Consulting 1.2nglneers & Planners, 74 O’Leary Avenue, St..Johns, Ncwllmndland, Canada AIB 3"1"2

O’R EC;AN, Liam, B.A., B.Comm., Ard Ailcan, Abbeys~ rewcry, Skibberccn, Co. CorkO’RIORDAN, Manus, Research Department, hish Transport and General

Workers’ Union, Liberty Hall, l)ublin IO’R IORDAN, William K., M.Sc.Eeon., R.oom 1)220, Depamnent of Political Eeon-

~.ml’,,, Univcrsily College, Bellield, Dublin ’4O’SUH.,IX;AN, Harold J., lnstimlc Ibr Industrial Rc.~arch and Standards, Bally-

mtm Road, l)ublin 9.

I:’ATTERSON, Brian, B.A., M.I.I.E., A. I.P.M., l)ircelor General, h’ish ManagementInstitute, Sandyibrd Road, I)ublin 16

POWER, B..J., l)irector/Secretary, Irish Biscuits l.,irnitcd, Betgard Road, Tallaght,Co. l)ublin .

I~’I’I.:VI’SCH KI;~, John L., Ph.D., School of Business Administl’alitm. National Instituteli)r Higher 1.2clucalion, Glasnevir~, Dublin 9

Q.UIGI~EY. Hugh. Chief Executive. Cq~-Oi)cralion North. 56 Fitzwilliam Square,I~ublin 2

RAFH’2RTY, Michael, 12 Richmond Cottages, N.C. Road, Dublin 1RI:;YNOI.I)S, Thomas, B.L., B.C.L., Managing l)irector. Construclion Industry

Fcdcralion, Federation House, Canal Road. Dublin 6RILIHARI)SON. I"ilmnuala, ’4 Rue Pierre de Ci)ul),,n’lin, 1358 l,uxenlbllurgROCHE, John 1)., B.Comm., M.Sc., 21 Mapas Averme, Dalkcy, Co. DublinROWAN, Patrick D., B.A., M.A., Patrick D. Rowan & Co., Solicitors,-’29 Fitzwilliam

Place, Dublin 2RUANE, Frances, Ph.l)., Department of l’2c~:momics, Trinity College. Dublin 2

*RUSSI-LL, G. 1’2.. I)eri,’avoher, Norlh Circular Road, I.,imerickRVAN, W. J. l... Ph.l).. Dclmly Governor. Bank of Ireland. Lower Baggt~l Street.

I’) ublir~ 2

SANDS. "l’hlmms.J.. Roscam, (;alway

54

SHEEHAN, John, C.B.S. Records, Unit 2, Carriglea hldusn’ial 1"2slate, Bhml~ell,Dublin 12

SHERWOOD, Cecil N., I:.A.A.I., l0 Cool Kill, Sandylbrd, Co. DublinSIqUBOTHAM, I)avid, B.Conun., A.C.I\’I.A., c/oJ. & E. Davy, [~OVel’llillell[ S[()ck

& Share Brokers, 60 Dawson Streel, Dublin 2*SMITH, Cornelius F., "M,.~dcshill", 34 Sfillorgan Grove, Blackrock, Co. l)ublin

SMITH, Louis P. F., D. Econ.Sc., F’h. D., 22 The Ehns, Slillorgan Road, l)oniLvbrook,Dublin 4

STEWART, J. C., B.A., B.B.S., M.Sc., Deparmlent of Business Studies, Trinity Col-lege, Dublin 2

S\’V EEN E",’, Rev..lohn, S..]., B.A., S/l’.L.,.]esld~ Cemre fi~r Failh & ./~sJiee, 26 UpperSherrard SIIcc[, l)ublill I

TAKAHASHI, S., 4 Golders Manor Drive, London NWI I, EnglandTHORNBURGH, Brian E., B.A., A.M.I.P.M., M.I.I.E., Persdmlei D[rccLor,

Tcchnican (h-eland) IArnited, Church Lane, Sv.,ords~ Co. DnblinTONER, TImmas C., B.Comm., M.B.A., BWG Limited, Bow Street Distillery,

Smilhfielet, Dublin 7’I’URPIN, l:’aul, B.A., M.:\., 14 Limeu’cc Avenue, Mm’mll% Pomnm’nock, Co.

Dublin.TWIST, Nicholas, Economic Division, l)eparirnenl of l:oreign AItMrs, 80 St.

Stepimn’s Green, Dublin 2

WALSH, Brcndan M., B.A., Ph.l)., Deparm’lem of Political l~conollly, UniversityCollege, Bcltield, Dublin 4

\VALSH, Edward, 13 The Clos,g Boden Park, Scholarstowr~ Road, RaddiLrnham,Dublin I’I

WALSH, Bro. John L., B.A., H.D.E., 9 Grillhh Avenue, Dublin 9*WALSt-I, T., M.Agr.Sc., Ph.D., D.Sc., I.L.D., M.R.I.A., \.Voodsidc, Trees Avenue,

Mount Merrion, Co. DublinWALSH, T. K., B.Comm., M.Econ.Sc., F.C.A., 219 Templeogue Road, Dublhl 6 .WALSH, Thomas J., Norlhwesl Orienl AMines, 15 Dawson Slrcel, Dublin 2WARD, Rev. Conor K., B.A., S.T.L., Ph.D., Departmenl of Social Science,

Unlvcrsity College, Belfieh:l, l)ublin 4WARD, Patrick T., A.C.I.S., South Eastern Health Board, Lacken, Dublin Road,

KilkennyWHELAN, Noel, Vicc-Presidenh European Investment Bank, 100 Boulevard Konrad.

Acle~a,cr, L,xcmbo~wg-Kirchbetg*WH ITAKER, T. K., M.Sc.(Eeon.), D. Econ.Sc., LL.D., 148 Slillorgan Road, Dublin

4WRIC;HT, Gerard A., B.Comm., M.Econ.Sc., C.Dip.A.F., Ph.|’)., 5 Hillside Park,

Rachl?u’llham, Dublha 16.

*Life Member

55

Appendix G

THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE4, Burlington Road, Dublin 4.

INCO~4E A.A"I) EXPEAqMTl lRE.4CCOUa~I" FOR THE fEAR bZ,VI)ED 31st DECEI~4BER 1985

year ended 31/12/85 year ended 31/12/84INCOME: £ £ ~. £Grants

Grant-In-Aid I, I 13,200 1,026,000Grants i’ronl Projects 306,372 287,705

1,419,572 1,313,705

27,84524,27438,000

1,509,691

Miscellaneous IncomeMembers’ Subscript io:’tsSales of PublicationsRent Receivable

EXPENDITURE:Salaries

Administration 118,580Research 584,293Stu-vcy Unit Administration and

Technical Stall" 125,947Clerical and Other Stall" 231,049

less: Transt~r to Economic and SocialStudies Account

Field Staff Fees

Fellowships

General ExpeasesPrinting and StationeryHeat, Light, Maintenance

and CleanirtgTravel and SubsistenceProfessional FeesPostage,. Telephone, Insurance

and General ExpensesRcnl and RatesData Processing

DepreciationLibra:2,, Books

lfxcess of Expemliture over Income for Tear

26,57226,62640,000

1,406,903

110,829546,536

116,696210,575

1,059,869 984,636

8,935 8,550

1,050,934 976,086

44,276 41,338

27,349 29,208

55,799 47,039

54,876 50,51818,564 8,9553,458 10,664

35,245 24,525I74,673 170,90341,853 40,628

384,468 353,232

9,030 1516,057 9,545 1,409,409

(6,366) (2,506)

The attached Notes numbered I to 4 Ibrm an integral i)art of these Accounts and shouldbe read in coi!jullclion therewith.

A)gned:P. Lynch

IC. K. Vt.tal’d Members of Council

.J. Roughan A~cretaO,

56

THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE4, Burlington Road, Dublin 4.

(:\ Company l.,iiMted by Ciii}ll’ilntcc and not having a Share Capltal)

II.,IL.,I.A’CI£ .~;HEET".,I.~; .’l’l’31st DEC;IEA’II;I(t¢ 1985

FIXED ASSETSFurnlunrc, Fittings and l~:quil)ment

al CosI

Additions during tile Year

Less: Aggregate Depreciation

Library BooksAddidons during tile Year

Less: Aggregate Depreciation

TOT,.\I, F’IXI]D ASSI’:’I’S(’.rrenl +’lssels

Stock of StationeryStock o1" Printed MaterialSundry I)cbtors and Prepaid ExpensesCash al Bank

CIJ R R I~.NT LIABI LITII*2SSmMry C,x:clltors and Accrucd

Expenses

N E:I~CU R R ]:~NT ASSETS

TOTAL NI-T ASSETS

Represented By:.’lccumtdated I’)md

Balance as at 31st Dcccmbcr 198’1Deduct: Excess of I’:xpenclinlru over

Income Ibr Year

Less: 1*2conomic and Social Su,clics~\CCOIltll AmOHill %%’l’illCll 011"

Ibr Ihe Year

Balance as at 31sl December 1.985

year ended 31/12/85 year ended 31/12/84£ £ £ £

107,278 107,278

107,278 107,278103,806 3,472 103.806

87,397 77~8529,030 9.545

96,427 87.39796,031 396 87.001

3,472

396

3,868 3,868

200 230275 260

67,761 167,08513,057 (60,261)

81,293 107,314

64,427 75.147

I 6,866 32,167

20,734 36,035

36,035 47,091

(6,366) (2,50t~)

29,669 44.585

8,935 8,550

20,734 36.035

The ~’t I t ,’lolled Notes mJml:,ered I IO ’t I~]l’nl ,-in integral l)arl Ol’l Ile~ A¢cl >unls alld sh~ndd I:,.’ re;td in

cotxj unct ion Iherewilh.

I’. I.ynchI Membel:~ o[" C~mncilC:. K. Ward

.1. Rinlghan .~’ec~ta(r

57

THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE4, Burlington Road, Dublin 4

NOTES TO AND FORMING PART OF THE ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEARENDED 31st DECEMBER 1985

I. Accounling Policies and Convenlion(a) Basis of Accounts

The Accour.ts have bccn prepared tinder the Historical Cost Convention.

(b) Dcprcciati~.ll(i) As.~ts acquired prior to 31st l)cccmbcr 1974 havc no’,’.’ bccn tidly

dcprec.iatcd }cavii’~g the Ibllowing rcsidlml values

I;’lll’Zlililre, Fittings and I’](lUilmlt:nI ~5,472Library Books if,’,’,’,396

(ii) Assets acquircd fiom Ist,January 1!)75 arc depreciated at 100% pcz’allntlm.

2. Debtors and I’repaid Ea~oensesThis amollnl is comprised o1~Grants Ibr Prqjccts 58,112Olhcr l)cbtors and Prcpaid EXl)Cnscs 9,6"t9

67.761

3. Creditors and .’lccmed I-xpensesThis amr~’.:~unt is c~mlpriscd ot!PAYI~, and PRS] lbr December 1985Other Creditors and Accrued Expenses

35,86428,563

6,1,,127

4. "/-aavlt ionThe Company is exempted fi’om liability to C’~wl)ol’afion Tax under Section lI(b)ofI lie COl’l)Oralioll Tax Act, 11.175.

58

R EI’O RT OF TH E A U DITORS TO TH 1"2 A’I F,M BERS OF TH 1"2 1"2CONOM ICAND SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

~.’Vc have cxanlincd the annexed Balance Sheet and hlcome and Exl~nditurc Accolmt oJ"thc Company and have obtained all thc hll’Ornlalion and explanations which to lilt: bestof t)ur kno’.vlcdgc and bcllcf ’,’.’crc z~.cccssary fi~r the i)urposc of our audit.

h’. our opinion, proper books of account have been kept by the C, ox~tq:)any, so lar asappears fi’om our cxamiz’~ation of Iho~ books and Ihc Balance Shccl and ]ncomc andExpenditure AccoHnl arc in agrccmcnt with those books of,~ccoui’il.

In our opii’fion and to the [)esl ol’otlt" inlbrrnalion and according to lilt: explanationsgiven to us, tile accounts give Ihe inlbrmatioz’J rcquirccl by the C:ompav.ics Acts, 1963 Io1983, in the t’namlcr ~) required, ~llld the Balance Shccl and Income and 1’2Xl)CnditurcAccotlnt, iCSlgCctively, give a true anti [’,’llt- vlcw of the stale ofthc Compnny’s all)firs as at31 st, I)ccclnbcr 1985 and oft hc Excess of Expciid il it i’c ~ ),.,el I ncotnc till the year ended i~nt ]l;ll clalc.

23 .’lpril, 1986Dublin 2.

Bastow Charlcton & Co.(,’harlered Accountants

59