By Cameron Sardinha

• There is a clear relationship between the lyrics and visuals for example a music video can be illustrative or contradictory.

• Illustrative is where the visuals contrast with the lyrics so the narrative and the lyrics match to tell a story.

• Contradictory is where the visuals contrast with the lyrics sometimes deliberately for effect.

• The lyrics of a song can also amplify the meaning of the video and narrative or vice versa.

• Sometimes there may be disjuncture in a music video meaning that the songs meaning is totally ignored.

Andrew Goodwin

• Music videos may be characterised by 3 broad typologies: performance, narrative, and conceptual.

• Performance is the most common type which features the star or group singing in a concert type video or a live video to enthusiastic fans. An example of this could be Red Hot Chilli Peppers – Snow.

• The aim is to convey a sense of in concert live show experience.

• Videos that are shown with the band performing in the studio are to remind the viewer that the soundtrack and album are still important.

• Narrative is where the video may tell a story in a linear sequence, love stories are the most common normally following the pattern of boy meets girl boy looses girl and then the boy gets the girls back.

• Action narratives in music videos are dominated by males who do things and females react passively which conveys gender stereotypes.

• Conceptual is where the video relies on poetic form primarily metaphors through visual and verbal elements.

• They do not tell a story in linear fashion, but rather create a mood a feeling to be provoked in the experience of viewing.

• Conveys something that can not be said out loud so it produces hints and allows the audience to piece it together themselves i.e. Ray Jay – I Hit It First.

Simon Firth

• A Pop Star and Pop Performer are not the same thing.

• Pop Stars have lasting significance or a legacy and have brand awareness i.e. Rihanna or Beyoncé.

• Pop Stars are constructed, they are artificial images even if they are represented as being real people.

• Stars are manufactured by the music industry to fulfil a purpose to entertain, and are also the cogs which keep music company's going, they are also promote a particular ideology.

• The conveyer belt approach suggests that a star talent isn't developed and improved but is short lived as company's continuously continue to create new stars to serve purposes.

• Stars begin as being “real” holding gender and race characteristics but star development turns them into a construct which the audience begin to see as an image rather than a person.

• Pop stars on the other hand establish their character and personality through their songs and performance, they usually strive for immediate star identity with the release of their first album.

Richard Dyer

• Suggests that there needs to be a strong and coherent relationship between narrative and performance in music promos.

• Music videos will cut between a narrative and a performance of the song by the band.

• A carefully choreographed dance might be part of the artists performance or an extra aspect of the video designed to aid the visuals.

Steve Archer