Workbook: More practice p27, Revision pp90–91 Unit 4: Vocabulary46

Vocabulary

Verbs: Historic achievements 1 2.02 Translate the verbs in the box. Then

listen and repeat.

design develop discover establish explore fly invent paint rule study teach win

2 Look at the pictures. How many of these people do you know?

3 2.03 Complete the sentences. Use the names from exercise 2. Then listen and check.

Queen Victoria ruled the UK for 63 years.

1 ____ invented the electric light bulb in 1879.

2 ____ studied mountain gorillas in Africa.

3 ____ explored the Arctic and Antarctica.

4 ____ established a school for nurses in 1860.

5 ____ painted the Mona Lisa.

4 2.04 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple verbs in the box. Then listen and check.

designed developed discovered flew taught won

Einstein developed the Theory of Relativity.

1 Hypatia of Alexandria ____ mathematics.

2 Alexander Fleming ____ penicillin in 1928.

3 Ella Fitzgerald ____ thirteen Grammy Awards.

4 Gustave Eiffel ____ the Eiffel Tower in Paris.

5 Amelia Earhart ____ across the Atlantic Ocean.

Making history 4 VoCabULaRy Verbs: Historic achievements • Verbs: Life events

GRaMMaR Past simple affirmative (regular and irregular verbs) • could / couldn’t

SkILLS In a shop • Writing a biography

albert einstein

leOnardO da Vinci

Queen VictOria

FlOrence niGhtinGale

amelia earhart

thOmas edisOn

dian FOssey

ella FitzGerald

alexander FleminG

richard byrd

hypatia OF alexandria

GustaVe eiFFel

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More practice: Workbook page 00 Extension: Workbook page 00 WebsiteWorkbook: More practice p31 unit 1: Reading11

Unit 4: Reading47

Reading

GRaMMaR Past simple affirmative (regular and irregular verbs) • could / couldn’t

2 are these sentences true or false?

1 The Nobel Foundation gives five different prizes every year.

2 Marie Curie won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1911. 3 Martin Luther King was from Mississippi, USA. 4 Gabriel García Márquez won a Nobel Prize in

Literature in 1982. 5 Wangari Maathai planted trees in Poland.

1 2.05 Read the text. How many of these people won a Nobel Peace Prize?

3 answer the questions.

1 What types of Nobel Prize are there? 2 How many Nobel Prizes did Marie Curie win? 3 In what year did Martin Luther King die? 4 Which novel by Gabriel García Márquez is also

a film now? 5 In what year did Wangari Maathai win her

Nobel Prize?

TeenWeb Nobel Prize winners

Bryan

Gabriel García márquez, a writer from Colombia, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982. His most famous novel is One Hundred Years of Solitude. His novel Love in the Time of Cholera became a film in 2007.

wangari maathai is an ecologist from Kenya. She started a project to plant millions of trees in her country. In 2004, Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize for her work. Now people are planting trees in many other countries too.

marie curie was a scientist from Poland. Marie and her husband, Pierre, discovered a new radioactive material called radium. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. Marie also won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.

martin Luther King Junior was a civil rights activist from Georgia, USA. He spoke against racism and was the leader of many peaceful protests. King won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, four years before his assassination.

I’m doing a history project about famous people who won

a Nobel Prize.

Every year, the Nobel Foundation gives prizes for physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and economics. There is also a Nobel Peace Prize for people who work for world peace.

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Unit 4: Grammar48

Grammar

Past simple affirmative (regular verbs)1 Study the Language help box.

Regular past simple verbs

Normalhelp + ed = helped

Final -elike + d = liked

Final consonant + -ycarry ➔ y + ied = carried

Short vowel + consonantplan ➔ double the consonant + ed = planned

language help

2 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple affirmative.

Past simple affirmative (irregular verbs)4 Study the Language help box.

5 2.06 Copy and complete the chart. Then listen and repeat.

be become break buy fall get go have leave make meet see write

made had left became met fell saw wrote got broke was / were went bought

6 Read the Learning to learn box. Then use the chart in exercise 5 to test yourself on the irregular verbs.

7 Write sentences. Use the past simple affirmative.

1 Ian / fall / into the river. 2 Mark / get / a new bike / for his birthday. 3 I / leave / home / at eight o’clock. 4 The children / see / a play / at the theatre. 5 Naomi / buy / some CDs. 6 Jeff / meet / his friends / at the cinema.

Irregular past simple verbs Some verbs have irregular past simple forms. We went skateboarding in the park.

The verb be has two forms: was and were. I / He / She / It was at the National Gallery. You / We / They were at the Science Museum.

language help

base form Past simple

be was / were

Making a table is a good way to learn new verbs. You can cover one column to test yourself on their different forms.

learning to learn 1 Coco Chanel (create) beautiful clothes.

2 Zidane (stop) playing football in 2006. 3 Queen Victoria (die) when she was 81. 4 Beethoven (compose) nine symphonies. 5 Marie Curie (live) in Paris for many years. 6 Picasso (study) at an art school in Madrid.

3 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple affirmative of the verbs in the box.

call carry chat practise stay watch

1 Last night, we ____ a good film on TV.

2 The musicians ____ for two hours.

3 Kelly ____ on the Internet last night.

4 I ____ my grandparents on Sunday.

5 The students ____ their books to school.

6 James ____ at home on Friday night.

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More practice: Workbook page 00 Extension: Workbook page 00 WebsiteWorkbook: More practice pp28–29, Grammar Bank pp72–73 Unit 4: Grammar49

Grammar

8 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple affirmative of the irregular verbs.

be become break go make write

1 Miguel Indurain ____ many cycling records.

2 The Beatles ____ famous in 1962.

3 Mary Shelley ____ the novel Frankenstein.

4 Marilyn Monroe ____ more than 30 films.

5 Salvador Dalí ____ to New York in 1934.

6 Frida Kahlo ____ a famous Mexican painter.

9 Complete the text. Use the past simple affirmative of the regular and irregular verbs.

affirmative I / You / He / She / We / They could run.

Negative I / You / He / She / We / They couldn’t run.

Interrogative Could I / you / he / she / we / they run?

Full form couldn’t = could not

Short answers Yes, I could. / No, I couldn’t. Yes, they could. / No, they couldn’t.

11 Write sentences. Use could / couldn’t.

Jodie Foster / act / when she was six. ✔ Jodie Foster could act when she was six.

1 Lope de Vega / read / Latin / when he was five. ✔

2 Einstein / talk / when he was two. ✗ 3 Mozart / play / the violin / when he

was three. ✔ 4 Beyoncé / sing / when she was one. ✗ 5 Tiger Woods / play / golf / when he

was two. ✔

12 Write questions with could. Then write short answers about you.

When you were five … swim? Could you swim? 1 you / read / books? 2 you / ride / a bike? 3 you / speak / English? 4 you / play / computer games?

extra practice

Write five sentences about famous people. Use the past simple affirmative of regular and irregular verbs. Frank Gehry designed the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao.

could / couldn’t10 Study the table and the Language help box.

could / couldn’t

We use could / couldn’t to talk about abilities in the past.

I could swim when I was eight. I couldn’t play the guitar.

language helpLeonardo da Vinci (1452–1519)

Leonardo da Vinci (1 leave) home when he (2 be) only fifteen years old. He (3 go) to Florence to study art.

He (4 work) hard and he (5 meet) many famous painters. Leonardo (6 learn) very quickly and he soon (7 become) famous.

Leonardo (8 have) many other interests too. He (9 love) science and he (10 write) many books about human biology. He also (11 design) machines, bridges and buildings. In 1503, Leonardo (12 start) his most famous work of art, the Mona Lisa. He (13 finish) the painting thirteen years later and he (14 die) in 1519.

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Workbook: More practice p30, Revision pp90–91Unit 4: Vocabulary50

Vocabulary

Verbs: Life events1 2.07 Match the verb phrases with the events in Mary’s life. Then listen

and repeat.

be born become a grandparent buy a house fall in love get engaged get married go to school have a child learn to drive leave school move house start working retire travel abroad

2 Recycle Which of the verbs in exercise 1 are irregular in the past simple? (See page 48.)

3 2.08 Listen. Which events from exercise 1 do the people talk about?

4 Write five sentences about people in your family. Use the expressions in exercise 1.

My mum was born in Valencia.

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3 4

5 6 7 8

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10

12

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More practice: Workbook page 00 Extension: Workbook page 00 WebsiteWorkbook: More practice p31 Unit 4: Reading51

Reading

1 2.09 Read the text. How many grandchildren and great-grandchildren have the Milfords got?

Did you know? Many important things happened in 1928. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and Amelia Earhart became the first woman pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. It was also the year that Walt Disney made the first Mickey Mouse cartoon.

history link

2 are these sentences true or false?

1 The Milfords celebrated their 80th anniversary in 2009. 2 Anita was born in Plymouth in 1908. 3 The Milfords first met at the cinema. 4 Frank and Anita got married in 1928. 5 Frank finally stopped working in 1986.

3 Complete the sentences with words from the text.

1 When two people get married, they become a married ____ .

2 People who have good luck are ____ .

3 When people don’t agree, they sometimes have an ____ .

4 Every year, married people celebrate their ____ anniversary on the day that they got married.

5 Your children’s grandchildren are your ____ .

In February 2009, Frank and Anita Milford made history. They celebrated their 81st wedding anniversary and they broke the record for the longest marriage in the UK.

The Milfords were born in Plymouth in southern England, Frank in 1908 and Anita the next year. They met at a dance in 1926 and got married two years later. Their wedding was very simple because they didn’t have a lot of money. After the

A wonderful life ceremony, they saw a Charlie Chaplin film at the cinema.

Life wasn’t easy for the young couple, especially during the Second World War. One day, a bomb fell on their house. They were very lucky that no one was at home at the time.

Frank worked at the port in Plymouth for many years and retired in 1968. Anita worked at home and cared for their children, Marie and Frank Junior. Now they’ve got five grandchildren and seven great-

grandchildren.

Have the Milfords got any 25 advice for other married

couples? They say their secret is having a little argument every day.

Anita says that couples 30 also need to give and

take. ‘Be tolerant and love one

another,’ she says.

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Workbook: More practice p32, Pronunciation (Past simple affirmative endings) p112Unit 4: Communication52

Communication

In a shop Speaking1 2.10 Read and listen.

How do you say these phrases in your language? Translate them in your notebook. 1 Can I help you?2 I’m looking for (a book). 3 Let me check.4 It’s (£5.99).

how do you say ...?

4 act out your dialogue.

Listening

5 2.11 Listen. What do the people want to buy? Match the pictures with the names in the box.

Nela Kate David

Shop assistant Hello. Can I help you? Sami Yes, please. I’m looking for a book about Thomas Edison. Shop assistant OK. Do you know the name of the book?Sami It’s called Edison’s Inventions.Shop assistant Let me check … Yes, we’ve got one copy. Sami How much is it?Shop assistant It’s £5.99.Sami That’s great. Thank you very much. Shop assistant You’re welcome.

6 2.11 Listen again. How many copies has the shop got? How much does it cost?

Number of copies Price

Dialogue 1

Dialogue 2

Dialogue 3

12

3

2 Practise the dialogue in pairs.

3 Write a new dialogue. Use the model in exercise 1 and the words in the box to help you. Change the words in blue.

book CD computer game DVD magazine

a Hello. Can I help you? b Yes, please. I’m looking for a magazine.

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More practice: Workbook page 00 Extension: Workbook page 00 WebsiteWorkbook: More practice p32, Writing Builder p105 Unit 4: Writing53

Writing

3 Read the Writing skills box. Then write sentences with when.

I was five years old / I could swim When I was five years old, I could swim. I could swim when I was five years old.

1 we were on holiday / it rained a lot 2 Julie loved drawing / she was a child 3 they got engaged / we were very happy

4 Copy and complete the chart with information about John Logie baird. Use the words in the box.

1888 colour England established

inventor machines studied television

5 Use the writing guide to write a biography of John Logie baird.

Writing a biography1 Read the biography of alexander Graham bell.

writing skills

when

We can put a time phrase with when at the beginning of a sentence. We use it with a comma. We can also put the phrase at the end of a sentence without a comma.

When he was older, he became a teacher. He became a teacher when he was older.

Introduction • famous engineer and (1) ____

Early life • (2) ____ : born in Helensburgh, Scotland • loved building (3) ____ • (4) ____ at Glasgow University

Later life • 1923: moved to (5) ____ • 1926: invented the black and white

(6) ____ • 1927: (7) ____ the Baird Television

Company • 1928: invented the first (8) ____

television

Paragraph 1 John Logie Baird was … He invented …

Paragraph 2 … was born … When he was a child, … When he was older, …

Paragraph 3 In (1926), … The next year, …

Introduction • scientist and inventor

Early life • 1847: born in (1) ____ , Scotland • loved doing (2) ____ • became a (3) ____

Later life • 1870: moved to (4) ____ ____ • 1876: invented the first (5) ____ • 1877: established the (6) ____ ____ ____

Alexander Graham Bell was a scientist and inventor.

Bell was born in Edinburgh in Scotland in 1847. When he was a child, he loved doing experiments. When he was older, he became a teacher.

In 1870, Bell’s family moved to North America and in 1876, he invented the world’s first telephone. The next year, he established the Bell Telephone Company.

Alexander Graham Bell

2 Copy and complete the chart with information about alexander Graham bell.

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Unit 4: Progress check54

Progress check

Vocabulary1 Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in

the box. 8 points

designed developed flew painted

ruled studied taught won

2 Match 1–5 with a–e. 5 points

1 buy a) in love 2 fall b) school 3 leave c) to drive 4 learn d) abroad 5 travel e) a house

3 Complete the verb phrases. 5 points

be get go have start

1 ____ children 4 ____ born 2 ____ to school 5 ____ working 3 ____ engaged

Grammar4 Rewrite the sentences in the past simple. 4 points

1 I listen to music in my bedroom. 2 Suzy and Paul chat on the Internet. 3 We practise our English in class. 4 Katherine watches TV in the evening.

5 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple affirmative of the regular verbs. 5 points

1 Mozart (compose) lots of operas. 2 Elvis (stop) making films in 1969. 3 Albert Einstein (play) the violin. 4 Frida Kahlo (live) in Mexico. 5 The Beatles (record) twelve albums.

6 Write the past simple forms. 4 points

1 become 2 get 3 make 4 write

7 Write sentences. Use the past simple affirmative. 5 points

1 The weather / be / hot / last August. 2 Tom’s parents / meet / in 1984. 3 Anita / leave / the party / at ten o’clock. 4 The athlete / break / the world record. 5 Paul / fall / into the river.

8 Write questions with could. Then write short answers. 4 points

1 Jessica / read / when she was four? ✔ 2 people / send / emails / in 1985? ✗

Total ____ / 40 points

1 He ____ a plane.

2 She ____ a picture.

4 She ____ biology.

3 He ____ clothes.

5 He ____ a theory. 6 She ____ an award.

7 He ____ literature. 8 She ____ her country.

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More practice: Workbook page 00 Extension: Workbook page 00 Website Unit 4: Culture55

Culture

1 2.12 Read the texts and match them with the people in the pictures.

Who are the most important authors in your country or region? What did they write?

over to you

1 He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in England. He wrote more than 37 plays for the theatre, including Romeo and Juliet. He was an actor in many of his plays too.

2 People sometimes call her the ‘Queen of Crime’ because she wrote more than 80 detective novels, such as Murder on the Orient Express. She also wrote plays and short stories.

3 He was a doctor but he wrote novels and short stories in his free time. His most famous character was a brilliant detective named Sherlock Holmes.

4 She started writing stories for her family and friends when she was only fifteen years old. Later, she wrote six romantic novels, including Emma and Sense and Sensibility.

5 He was born in Edinburgh in Scotland. His first novel was a story about pirates, called Treasure Island. He also created the characters of Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde.

6 She wrote many children’s books, with animal characters like Peter Rabbit and Tom Kitten. She drew all of the illustrations for her stories.

• William Shakespeare and Agatha Christie are the most successful authors of all time. Billions of people have read their work in many different languages.

• Agatha Christie also wrote romantic novels but she used a different name for those books. She called herself Mary Westmacott.

2 Correct the sentences.

1 Agatha Christie was most famous for her children’s stories.

2 Conan Doyle created Doctor Jekyll. 3 Shakespeare was born in Edinburgh. 4 Jane austen illustrated her own books. 5 Sense and Sensibility is a mystery novel.

agatha christie (1890–1976)

sir arthur conan doyLe (1859–1930)

Beatrix Potter (1866–1943)

Jane austen (1775–1817)

roBert Louis steVenson (1850–1894)

WiLLiam shakesPeare (1564–1616)

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