SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

HOW WE SENSE AND PERCEIVE THE WORLD

THE VISUAL SYSTEM

THE AUDITORY SYSTEM

OTHER SENSES

SENSATION, PERCEPTION, AND HEALTH AND WELLNESS

KEY TERMSSensation Signal detection theory Parallel processing Apparent movement Pain

Perception Attention Binding Perceptual constancy Papillae

Bottom-up processing Selective attention Trichromatic theory Outer ear Olfactory epithelium

Top-down processing Perceptual set Opponent-processtheory

Middle ear Kinesthetic senses

Sensory receptors Sensory adaptation Figure-ground relationship

Inner ear Vestibular sense

Absolute threshold Retina Gestalt psychology Place theory Semicircular canals

Noise Rods Depth perception Frequency theory

Difference threshold Cones Binocular cues Volley principle

Weber’s law Optic nerve Convergence Auditory nerve

Subliminal perception Feature detectors Monocular cues Thermoreceptors

Chapter 4 Vocabulary

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JOURNAL ENTRYAnswer the question for chapter 4 on p. 19.

Is there evidence for the existence of ESP?

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TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING

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SENSORY RECEPTORS

Photoreceptor Mechanoreceptor Chemoreceptor

Organ Eyes Ears Skin Nose Tongue

Detection Light Vibration Pressure Chemicals Chemicals

Threshold Candle flame at 30 miles on a dark, clear night

Ticking clock at 20 feet under quiet conditions

Wing of a fly falling onyour neck from a distance of 1 cm

One drop of perfume diffused throughout three rooms

Teaspoon of sugar in 2 gallons of water

Perception Sight Hearing Touch Smell Taste

¡ Afferent

¡ Efferent

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King, L. (2014). The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View, 3rd Ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

¡ Frequency

¡ Synaethesia

JOURNAL ENTRY Read and respond to ‘Critical Controversy: Can we feel the future?’ on p. 109

Do you believe in the phenomenon of ESP? Why or why not?

What kind of evidence would be necessary for you to change your belief?

Should research on ESP be held to a higher standard than other research? Explain.

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SUBLIMINAL PERCEPTION

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SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY

¡ Detection of a stimulus

¡ Intensity

¡ Sensory abilities

¡ Contextual variations

¡ Fatigue

¡ Expectations

¡ Urgency of moment

¡ Decision making

¡ Information acquisition

¡ Criterion

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JOURNAL ENTRY Watch and respond to the video “The Stunning Costs of Distraction” at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_wayAlzJxs

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SELECTIVE ATTENTION

¡ Cocktail party effect

¡ Stoop effect

¡ Novel stimuli

¡ Emotional stimuli

¡ Emotion-induced blindness

¡ Inattentional blindness

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ACTIVITY: PERCEPTUAL SET

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ACTIVITY: PERCEPTUAL SET

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THE HUMAN EYE

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PERCEPTION

Form

Ground/Figure

Proximity

Continuity

Closure

Similarity

Constancy

Size

Shape

Color

Brightness

Color

Trichromatictheory

Opponent-process theory

Depth

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PERCEPTIONS OF ILLUSIONS

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=B9V6OcQAopEafM&tbnid=cuqdw57seMYIAM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthekitchenmechanic.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F08%2F19%2Fpuzzled%2F&ei=blqKU-WaBYKTqAbZtYKwAw&bvm=bv.67720277,d.b2k&psig=AFQjCNER415mrrMuvqXLWxTsd-Gfxi3uyg&ust=1401662395115759

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THE HUMAN EAR

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=bSqhfcHk1RPZoM&tbnid=LG1wVjiK1RKwoM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fmedlineplus%2Fmagazine%2Fissues%2Ffall08%2Farticles%2Ffall08pg12a.html&ei=mmyKU7HtMY6QqAa_iYCAAQ&bvm=bv.67720277,d.b2k&psig=AFQjCNHRhbRixHIpT8e9-1rElA99zHFfmQ&ust=140166708515843716

THE HUMAN NOSE

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Check out “Emotion and Sensation: What do Feelings

Smell Like?”

SENSORY PROCESSING OR PERCEPTION?

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CHAPTER SUMMARY

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