4.0 experimental results & graphical behaviour of...

99

4.0 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS & GRAPHICAL BEHAVIOUR OF RESULTS

TABLE 4.1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Table 4.1.1 Physical properties of 53 grade Ordinary Portland Cement

S. No Physical property Test results of ultra tech –

OPCC (53 grade)

Requirements as per IS:

12269 - 1987

1 Standard consistency (%) 30 -

2 Setting time (a) Initial (min)

(b)Final (min)

120

320

30 (min)

600 (max)

3

Compressive strength (MPa)

(a) 3 days

(b) 7 days (c) 28 days

32

44

54

27 (min)

37 (min)

53 (min)

4

Fineness

(a) By sieving with IS sieve No.9 (%) (b) Blains permeability method

(m2/kg)

2

320

10

225 (min)

5 Specific gravity 3.10 -

100

Table 4.1.2. Sieve analysis of fine aggregate

(Weight of sample taken = 1000 gms)

S.No Sieve size Weight retained

(gms)

Percentage weight

retained

Cumulative % weight

retained Percentage passing

1 80mm 0 0 0 100

2 40mm 0 0 0 100

3 20mm 0 0 0 100

4 10mm 0 0 0 100

5 4.75mm 0 0 0 100

6 2.36mm 15 1.5 1.5 98.5

7 1.18mm 225 22.5 24 76.0

8 600 micron 39.6 39.6 63.6 36.40

9 300 micron 272 27.2 90.8 9.20

10 150 micron 850 8.50 99.4 0.60

11 pan - - - -

Sum of cumulative percentage weight retained 279.3

101

Fineness Modulus of fine aggregate = Sum of cumulative % Weights

retained 100

= 279.3

100

= 2.79

Table 4.1.3. Sieve analysis of coarse aggregate

(Weight of sample taken = 5000 gms)

S.No Sieve size Weight

retained

(gms)

Percentage

weight

retained

Cumulative

% weight

retained

Percentage

passing

1 80mm 0 0 0 100

2 40mm 0 0 0 100

3 20mm 750 750 15 85

4 10mm 4250 5000 100 15

5 4.75mm 0 5000 100 0

6 2.36mm 0 5000 100 0

7 1.18mm 0 5000 100 0

8 600

micron 0

5000 100 0

9 300

micron 0

5000 100 0

10 150

micron 0

5000 100 0

11 pan 0 - - -

Sum of cumulative percentage weight

retained 715

Fineness Modulus of coarse aggregate= Sum of cumulative % Weights

retained

100

= 715

100

Fineness Modulus of coarse aggregate = 7.15

102

Table 4.1.4. Properties of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate

S.

No

Properties of the

aggregate

Test results

of fine

aggregate

Test results

of coarse

aggregate

Indian Standard

1 Specific gravity 2.5 2.56 IS: 2386 – 1963

(Part-3)

2 Flakiness index - 8 % IS: 2386 – 1963

(Part-3)

3 Elongation index - 7.80% IS: 2386 – 1963

(Part-2)

4 Fineness modulus 2.79 7.15 IS: 2386 – 1963

(Part-2)

Table 4.1.5. Physical properties of Metakaolin (Obtained from 20

microns limited)

1 Average particle size 1.5 µm

2 B.E.T. surface area in m2/kg 15000

3 Pozzolanic reactivity mg Ca (OH)2/gm 1050

4 Specific gravity 2.50

5 Bulk density (gm/ltr) 300 + or – 30

6 Physical form Off-white powder

103

Table 4.1.6. Chemical composition of Metakaolin (Obtained from

20 microns limited)

1 SiO2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3 96.88 %

2 CaO 0.39 %

3 MgO 0.08 %

4 TiO2 1.35 %

5 Na2O 0.56 %

6 K2O 0.06 %

7 Li2O Nil

8 L.O.I 0.68 %

Table 4.1.7. Properties of superplasticizer – Conplast SP430

(FOSROC)

S.No. Property Details

1 Colour & form Brown liquid

2 Based on Based on sulphonated naphthalene

polymers

3 Complies to

codes IS: 9103 – 1999 & BS: 5075 part 3

4 Water reduction Water reduction upto 25% without loss of

workability

5 Specific gravity 1.220 to 1.225 at 300C

6 Chloride content NIL

7 Air entrainment Approximately 1% additional air is

entrained

8 Compatibility Compatible with all types of cements

expect high alumina cement

9 Workability Can be used to produce flowing concrete

that requires no compaction

10 Cohesion

Cohesion is improved due to dispersion

of cement particles thus minimizing

segregation.

11 Dosage 0.50 to 2 liters per 100 Kg of cement

12 Dispensing

SP 430 + water mixture should be added

in the last phase after prewetting the mix

80% of the total water required

104

Table 4.1.8. Details of the crimped steel fibres (Obtained from Stewols India Pvt. Ltd)

S.No. Length of the

fibre

Diameter of the

fibre, mm

Aspect ratio of

the fibre Volume fraction %

Ultimate tensile

strength MPa

1 27 0.45 60 0.50,1.0,1.50 840

To

1250 2 36 0.45 80 0.50,1.0,1.50

TABLE 4.2 TRIAL MIXES OF OPC AND MK CONCRETE

Table 4.2.1 Trial mixes for OPC concrete of M20 grade

S.

No Mix ID

Water

/cement

ratio

Cement

(Kg/m3)

Water

(l/m3)

Fine

aggregate

(Kg/m3)

Coarse

aggregate

(Kg/m3)

Workabili

ty

(compacti

ng factor)

Compressive

strength of OPCC

(MPa)

7 days 28 days

1. Trail 1 0.55 380 209 567.40 1078.96 0.924 26.94 38.17

2. Trail 2 0.55 360 198 582.60 1082.0 0.940 25.04 35.10

3. Trail 3 0.55 340 187 597.90 1137.0 0.962 21.63 33.04

4. Trail 4 0.55 320 176 613.70 1166 0.976 20.16 30.69

105

Table 4.2.2. Trial mixes for OPC concrete of M50 grade

S.

No Mix ID

Water

cement

ratio

Cement

(Kg/m3)

Water

(l/m3)

Fine

aggregate

(Kg/m3)

Coarse

aggregate

(Kg/m3)

Super

plasticizer

(1% of

cement)

Workability

( compacting

factor)

Compressive

strength of OPCC

(MPa)

7 days 28 days

1. Trail 1 0.33 520 171.6 499.20 1372.80 5.2 0.816 54.39 79.64

2. Trail 2 0.33 510 168.3 489.60 1346.4 5.1 0.832 51.70 74.52

3. Trail 3 0.33 500 165.0 480.0 1320.0 5.0 0.854 49.14 70.82

4. Trail 4 0.33 480 158.4 460.80 1267.20 4.8 0.870 45.57 66.24

5. Trail 5 0.33 470 155.0 451.0 1240.0 4.7 0.892 43.50 61.40

106

Table 4.2.3. Mix proportions of OPC concrete of M20 grade

S. No Material Quantity of Material

1. Cement (Kg/m3) 320

2. Metakaolin (Kg/m3) 0

3. Water (Liters/m3) 176

4. Fine aggregate (Kg/m3) 613.70

5. Coarse aggregate (Kg/m3) 1166

6. Super plasticizer (SP 430) 0

7. Water Cement ratio (W/c ratio) 0.55

8. Workability (C.F) 0.976

The ratio of mix proportions of OPC Concrete of M20 grade are,

Cement : Fine Aggregate : Coarse aggregate

1 : 1.92 : 3.64

107

Table 4.2.4.Mix proportions of OPC concrete of M50 grade

S. No Material Quantity of Material

1. Cement (Kg/m3) 470

2. Metakaolin (Kg/m3) 0

3. Water (Liters/m3) 155

4. Fine aggregate (Kg/m3) 451

5. Coarse aggregate (Kg/m3) 1240

6. Super plasticizer (SP 430) 1.0% by weight of cement

7. Water Cement ratio (W/c ratio) 0.33

8. Workability (C.F) 0.892

The ratio of mix proportions of OPC Concrete of M50 grade are,

Cement : Fine Aggregate : Coarse aggregate:

1 : 0.96 : 2.64

108

Table 4.2.5. Trial mix proportions and compressive strength of Metakaolin concrete (M20 & M50 grade)

Grade of

Concrete

S.

No

Type of

Mix

Cement

(kg/m3)

(Cement %)

Metakaolin

(kg/m3)

(Metakaolin

%)

Water

(l/m3)

Fine

aggregat

e

(kg/m3)

Coarse

aggregate

(kg/m3)

Workability

(C.F)

Compressive

strength

(MPa)

28 days

M20

1 Normal 320 (100) 0.00 (0) 176 613.70 1160 0.967 30.69

2 MK (05) 304 (95) 16.0 (5) 176 613.70 1160 0.950 31.76

3 MK (10) 288 (90) 32.0 (10) 176 613.70 1160 0.930 32.86

4 MK (15) 272 (85) 48.0 (15) 176 613.70 1160 0.920 32.09

5 MK (20) 256 (80) 64.0 (20) 176 613.70 1160 0.912 31.14

6 MK (25) 240 (75) 80.0 (25) 176 613.70 1160 0.890 28.90

M50

1 Normal 470 (100) 0.00 (0) 155 451 1240 0.892 61.40

2 MK (05) 446.50 (95) 23.50 (5) 155 451 1240 0.874 65.78

3 MK (10) 423.0 (90) 47.0 (10) 155 451 1240 0.862 68.90

4 MK (15) 399.50 (85) 70.50 (15) 155 451 1240 0.850 66.80

5 MK (20) 376.0 (80) 94.0 (20) 155 451 1240 0.830 64.92

6 MK (25) 352.5 (75) 117.50 (25) 155 451 1240 0.812 56.36

109

Table 4.2.6. Quantities of materials required per 1 cu.m of OPCC, MKC, SFRC and SFRC-MK (M20)

S.

No Type of Mix

Cement

(kg/m3)

Metaka

olin

(kg/m3)

Fine

aggrega

te

(kg/m3)

Coarse

aggregate

(kg/m3)

Water

(kg/m3)

Super

plasticizer

(kg/m3)

(1% of

cementitio

us

material)

Quantity

of steel

fibres

(kg/m3)

Compressive

strength

(MPa)

1 OPC 320 0 1166 613.70 176 - - 30.69

2 MKC 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 - 32.86

3 SFRC

(0.5 – 60) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 40 31.66

4 SFRC

(1.0 – 60) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 80 32.48

5 SFRC

(1.5 – 60) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 120 33.66

6 SFRC

(0.5 – 80) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 40 31.92

7 SFRC

(1.0 – 80) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 80 32.61

8 SFRC

(1.5 – 80) 320 0 1166 613.70 176 3.20 120 34.38

110

9 SFRC – MK

(0.5 – 60) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 40 34.12

10 SFRC –MK

(1.0 – 60) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 80 35.02

11 SFRC – MK

(1.5 – 60) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 120 35.86

12 SFRC – MK

(0.5 – 80) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 40 34.78

13 SFRC –MK

(1.0 – 80) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 80 35.54

14 SFRC – MK

(1.5 – 80) 288 32 1166 613.70 176 3.20 120 36.50

111

Table 4.2.7. Quantities of materials required per 1 cu.m of OPCC, MKC, SFRC and SFRC-MK (M50)

S.

No Type of Mix

Cement

(kg/m3)

Metaka

olin

(kg/m3)

Fine

aggrega

te

(kg/m3)

Coarse

aggregate

(kg/m3)

Water

(kg/m3)

Super

plasticizer

(kg/m3) (1%

of

cementitiou

s material)

Quantity

of steel

fibres

(kg/m3)

Compressive

strength MPa

1 OPC 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 - 61.40

2 MKC 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 - 68.90

3 SFRC

(0.5 – 60) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 40 63.81

4 SFRC

(1.0 – 60) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 80 65.86

5 SFRC

(1.5 – 60) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 120 67.72

6 SFRC

(0.5 – 80) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 40 65.18

7 SFRC

(1.0 – 80) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 80 66.86

8 SFRC

(1.5 – 80) 470 0 1240 451 155 4.7 120 69.04

112

9 SFRC – MK

(0.5 – 60) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 40 71.04

10 SFRC –MK

(1.0 – 60) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 80 72.80

11 SFRC – MK

(1.5 – 60) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 120 74.22

12 SFRC – MK

(0.5 – 80) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 40 72.58

13 SFRC –MK

(1.0 – 80) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 80 73.42

14 SFRC – MK

(1.5 – 80) 423 47 1240 451 155 4.7 120 75.68

113

TABLE 4.3 WORKABILITY STUDIES OF OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK MIXES OF M20

AND M50 GRADE

Table 4.3.1. Workability of OPCC & SFRC of M20 grade in terms of Compacting Factor and Slump

S.No Type of mix Compacting factor Slump in mm

1 OPC Concrete 0.976 95

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.950 60

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 0.925 40

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 0.890 32

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.935 50

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 0.910 35

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 0.886 25

Table 4.3.2. Workability of MKC & SFRC -MK of M20 grade in terms of Compacting Factor and Slump

S.No Type of mix Compacting factor Slump in mm

1 MK Concrete 0.930 65

2 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 0.915 45

3 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 0.905 32

4 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 0.875 25

5 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 0.90 40

6 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 0.890 25

7 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 0.865 20

114

Table 4.3.3. Workability of OPCC & SFRC of M50 grade in terms of Compacting Factor and Vee Bee time

S.No Type of mix Compacting factor Vee- Bee time in sec

1 OPC Concrete 0.892 19

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.860 26

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 0.834 50

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 0.810 68

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.838 34

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 0.806 58

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 0.782 94

Table 4.3.4. Workability of MKC & SFRC –MK of M50 grade in terms of Compacting Factor and Vee Bee time

S.No Type of mix Compacting factor Vee- Bee time in sec

1 MK Concrete 0.862 25

2 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 0.794 40

3 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 0.778 62

4 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 0.752 106

5 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 0.788 44

6 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 0.766 72

7 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 0.730 124

115

Table 4.3.5. Mix proportions and workability properties of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and

M50 grade

Grade of

Concrete S. No Type of Mix

W/C

ratio

Compacting

factor (C.F) Mix proportion

M20

1 OPCC 0.55 0.976 1:1.92:3.64

2 MKC 0.55 0.930 1:1.92:3.64

3 SFRC (1.5%) (AR – 60) 0.55 0.890 1:1.92:3.64

4 SFRC (1.5%) (AR – 80) 0.55 0.880 1:1.92:3.64

5 SFRC –MK (1.5%) (AR – 60) 0.55 0.875 1:1.92:3.64

6 SFRC –MK (1.5%) (AR – 80) 0.55 0.866 1:1.92:3.64

M50

7 OPCC 0.33 0.892 1:0.96:2.64

8 MKC 0.33 0.862 1:0.96:2.64

9 SFRC (1.5%) (AR – 60) 0.33 0.812 1:0.96:2.64

10 SFRC (1.5%) (AR – 80) 0.33 0.782 1:0.96:2.64

11 SFRC –MK (1.5%) (AR – 60) 0.33 0.754 1:0.96:2.64

12 SFRC –MK (1.5%) (AR – 80) 0.33 0.730 1:0.96:2.64

116

TABLE 4.4. STRENGTH STUDIES ON OPCC, SFRC, MKC AND SFRC-MK MIXES OF M20 AND

M50 GRADE

Table 4.4.1. Strength studies on OPCC, SFRC, MKC and SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

Table 4.4.1.1. Compressive strength of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 Grade

S.

No Type of mix

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

C.S

@ 7

days

(MPa)

C.S

@ 14

days

(MPa)

C.S

@ 28

days

(MPa)

% increase in C.S of SFRC

w.r.t. OPCC

7

days

14

days

28

days

1 OPC

Concrete 0 0 0 19.96 24.66 30.69 - - -

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 20.30 25.31 31.66 1.70 2.63 3.16

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 20.80 25.86 32.20 4.20 4.90 5.88

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 21.02 26.15 33.10 5.30 6.04 7.52

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 20.48 25.58 32.08 2.60 3.73 4.52

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1 80 0.60 21.12 26.20 32.91 5.31 6.24 7.23

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 21.38 26.52 33.46 6.61 7.56 9.02

117

Table 4.4.1.2. Comparison of predicted compressive strength with experimental compressive strength of

OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 Grade

Avg. Error = 0.80 % Mean = 0.992

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

C.S.in MPa at

28 days from

experiment

( cs )

C.S.in MPa at

28 days from

proposed

equation

(edictedcs Pr,

)

cs

edictedcs

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 30.69 30.69 1.00

2 SFRC(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 31.66 31.42 0.992

3 SFRC(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 32.48 32.14 0.989

4 SFRC(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 33.66 32.86 0.996

5 SFRC(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 31.92 31.57 0.984

6 SFRC(1.0-80) 1 80 0.60 32.61 32.48 0.987

7 SFRC(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 34.10 33.37 0.997

118

Table 4.4.1.3. Compressive strength of MKC & SFRC-MK of M20 Grade

S.No Type of mix

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

C.S

@7

days

(MPa)

C.S

@14

days

(MPa)

C.S

@28

days

(MPa)

% increase in C.S w.r.t.

OPCC

7days 14days 28days

1 MKC 0 0 0 21.26 29.55 32.86 6.56 19.83 7.07

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 0 0 22.0 30.29 34.24 10.21 22.84 11.56

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.225 22.35 31.58 35.02 12.0 28.04 14.18

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.45 22.54 32.63 36.14 12.89 32.36 17.75

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 60 0.675 22.68 31.45 34.78 13.46 27.55 13.32

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.30 22.50 31.82 35.48 13.70 29.05 15.60

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 22.95 33.10 36.50 15.0 29.05 18.90

119

Table 4.4.1.4. Comparison of predicted compressive strength with experimental compressive strength of MKC

& SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

C.S.in MPa at

28 days from

experiment

)( csm

C.S.in MPa at

28 days from

proposed

equation

)(Pr, edictedcsm

csm

edictedcsm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 32.86 32.86 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 34.12 33.74 0.986

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 35.02 34.68 0.988

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 35.86 35.57 0.989

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 34.78 33.97 0.977

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 35.54 35.13 0.981

7 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 36.58 36.22 0.992

Avg. Error =1.10% Mean = 0.989

120

Table 4.4.1.5. Compressive strength of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of mix

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

C.S

@7

days

(MPa)

C.S

@14

days

(MPa)

C.S

@28

days

(MPa)

% increase in C.S of SFRC

w.r.t. OPCC

7days 14days 28days

1 OPC

Concrete 0 0 0 40.02 49.24 61.4 - - -

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 41.17 50.98 63.81 2.88 3.54 3.92

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 42.26 52.58 65.86 5.60 6.78 7.26

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 42.56 53.05 67.72 6.36 7.74 10.29

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 41.75 51.90 65.18 4.32 5.40 6.15

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 43.05 53.82 66.86 7.57 9.26 8.90

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 43.52 54.53 69.04 8.70 10.74 12.24

121

Table 4.4.1.6. Comparison of predicted compressive strength with experimental compressive strength of

OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.

No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre Factor

(F)

C.S.in MPa at 28

days from

experiment

( cs )

C.S.in MPa at 28

days from

proposed

equation

(edictedcs Pr,

)

cs

edictedcs

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 61.40 61.40 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 63.81 63.26 0.991

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 65.86 65.12 0.988

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 67.72 66.98 0.989

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 65.18 63.88 0.980

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 66.86 66.37 0.992

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 69.04 68.85 0.997

Avg. Error = 1.10 % Mean = 0.989

122

Table 4.4.1.7. Compressive strength of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.

No Type of mix

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

C.S

@7

days

(MPa)

C.S

@14

days

(MPa)

C.S

@28

days

(MPa)

% increase in C.S w.r.t.

OPCC

7days 14days 28days

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 40.02 49.54 61.40

2 MK

Concrete 0 0 0 44.08 62.40 68.90 10.15 26.0 12.22

3 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 45.96 64.28 71.54 14.85 29.76 15.70

4 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 46.90 65.86 72.78 17.20 32.93 18.53

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 47.08 66.86 74.0 17.52 34.98 20.87

6 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 46.23 65.22 72.58 15.52 31.65 18.20

7 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 47.23 66.62 73.42 18.02 34.48 19.57

8 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 47.96 67.72 75.15 19.86 36.68 23.25

123

Table 4.4.1.8. Comparison of predicted compressive strength with experimental compressive strength of MKC


S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

C.S.in MPa at 28

days from

experiment

( csm )

C.S.in MPa at

28 days from

proposed

equation

)(Pr, edictedcsm

csm

edictedcsm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 68.90 68.90 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 71.04 70.48 0.992

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 72.78 72.07 0.989

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 74.22 73.66 0.991

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 72.58 71.02 0.978

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 73.42 73.13 0.996

7 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 75.68 75.25 0.993

Avg. Error = 0.90 % Mean = 0.991

124

Table 4.4.2. Studies on Split tensile strength of OPCC, SFRC, MKC and SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade

Table 4.4.2.1. Splitting tensile strength of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Splitting

Tensile

Strength @28

days (MPa)

( st )

% increase in

Spl. .Tensile

Strength w.r.t to

OPCC

Ratio of Spl.

Tensile Strength

to compressive

strength of OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 2.84 - 0.0925

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 3.32 16.90 0.1048

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 3.76 32.39 0.1151

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 4.35 54.22 0.1301

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 3.50 23.24 0.1091

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 4.25 49.65 0.1303

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 4.63 63.03 0.1346

125

Table 4.4.2.2. Comparison of predicted splitting tensile strength with experimental Splitting tensile strength

of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Spl.tensile

strength in

MPa @ 28 days

from

experiment

( st )

Spl.tensile

strength in MPa @

28 days from

proposed equation

(edictedst Pr,

)

st

edictedst

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 2.84 2.84 1.00

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 3.32 3.29 0.981

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 3.76 3.74 0.994

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 4.35 4.25 0.970

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 3.50 3.36 0.962

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 4.25 4.09 0.960

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 4.63 4.72 1.01

Avg. Error = 1.75 % Mean = 0.982

126

Table 4.4.2.3.Splitting tensile strength of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Splitting

Tensile

Strength

@28 days

(MPa)

( st )

% increase

in Spl.

Tensile

Strength

w.r.t to

OPCC

Ratio of Spl. Tensile

Strength to

Compressive strength

of OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 2.84 - 0.0925

2 MK Concrete 0 0 0 3.08 8.45 0.1004

3 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 3.42 20.42 0.1114

4 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 4.06 42.95 0.1322

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 4.50 58.45 0.1466

6 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 3.82 34.50 0.1244

7 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 4.38 54.22 0.1427

8 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 4.96 74.65 0.1616

127

Table 4.4.2.4. Comparison of predicted splitting tensile strength with experimental splitting tensile strength

of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix - ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Spl.tensile

strength in MPa

@ 28 days from

experiment

( stm )

Spl.tensile

strength in MPa

@ 28 days from

predicted

equation

(edictedstm Pr,

)

stm

edictedstm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 3.08 3.08 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 3.42 3.55 1.03

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 4.06 4.04 0.971

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 4.50 4.51 0.963

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 3.82 3.72 1.00

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 4.38 4.35 0.962

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 4.96 4.99 1.00

Avg. Error =1 % Mean = 0.989

128

Table 4.4.2.5. Splitting tensile strength of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Splitting

Tensile

Strength @28

days (MPa)

( st )

% increase

in Spl.

.Tensile

Strength

w.r.t to

OPCC

Ratio of Spl.

Tensile Strength to

Compressive

strength of OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 4.32 - 0.0704

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 5.28 22.22 0.0859

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 6.02 39.35 0.0980

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.72 55.56 0.1094

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.50 27.31 0.0895

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.53 51.15 0.1063

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 7.22 67.12 0.1175

129


of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix-ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor(F)

Splitting tensile

strength in MPa @

28 days from

experiment

( st )

Splitting tensile

strength in MPa @

28 days from

proposed equation

(edictedst Pr,

)

st

edictedst

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 4.32 4.32 1.00

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 5.28 5.04 0.954

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 6.02 5.77 0.958

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.72 6.50 0.967

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.50 5.29 0.962

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.53 6.26 0.958

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 7.22 7.23 1.00

Avg. Error = 2.80 % Mean = 0.971

130

Table 4.4.2.7 Splitting tensile strength of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Splitting

Tensile

Strength @28

days (MPa)

( stm )

% increase in

Spl. .Tensile

Strength w.r.t

to OPCC

Ratio of Spl.

Tensile Strength to

Compressive

strength of OPCC

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 4.76 10.19 0.077

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 5.65 30.78 0.0920

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 6.38 47.68 0.1039

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 7.41 71.52 0.1206

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 6.20 43.51 0.1009

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.90 59.72 0.1123

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 7.69 78.00 0.1252

131


of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor(F)

Spl.tensile

strength in MPa

@ 28 days from

experiment

( stm )

Spl.tensile strength in

MPa @ 28 days from

predicted equation

(edictedstm Pr,

)

stm

edictedstm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 4.76 4.76 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 5.65 5.50 0.973

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 6.38 6.24 0.978

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 7.41 6.98 0.942

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 6.20 5.74 0.93

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.90 6.73 0.978

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 7.69 7.71 1.01

Avg. Error = 2.70 % Mean = 0.973

132

Table 4.4.3. Studies on Modulus of rupture of OPCC, SFRC, MKC and SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50

grade

Table 4.4.3.1. Modulus of Rupture of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix-ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture

@28 days

in MPa

( rf )

% increase in

Modulus of

Rupture w.r.t.

OPCC

Ratio of Modulus of Rupture to

Compressive

Strength

Splitting

tensile

strength

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 4.03 - 0.131 1.42

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 4.76 15.33 0.155 1.67

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 5.44 25.90 0.177 1.91

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.10 33.94 0.198 2.14

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.08 20.66 0.165 1.78

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 5.76 30.00 0.187 2.02

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 6.72 40.70 0.218 2.36

133

Table 4.4.3.2. Comparison of Predicted Modulus of Rupture with experimental Modulus of Rupture of OPCC &

SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.

No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

Modulus of Rupture

in MPa @ 28 days

from experiment

( rf )

Modulus of Rupture in

MPa @ 28 days from

proposed equation

edictedrf

Pr,

rf

edictedrf

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 4.03 4.03 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 4.76 4.69 0.985

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 5.44 5.34 0.982

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.10 6.00 0.984

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.08 4.90 0.965

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 5.76 5.79 1.00

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 6.72 6.66 0.991

Avg. Error = 1.32% Mean = 0.9

134

Table 4.4.3.3. Modulus of Rupture of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.

No

Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture @28

days in MPa

)( rsm

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture

w.r.t C.S of

OPCC

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture to

Splitting

tensile

strength of

OPCC

% increase in

Modulus of

Rupture of

SFRC-MK

w.r.t OPCC

1 OPC

Concrete 0 0 0 4.03 0.131 1.41 -

2 MK Concrete 0 0 0 4.26 0.138 1.50 5.40

3 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 4.87 0.158 1.71 17.30

4 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 5.66 0.184 1.99 28.80

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.46 0.210 2.27 37.60

6 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.12 0.166 1.80 21.30

7 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.31 0.205 2.22 36.20

8 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 6.90 0.224 2.42 41.60

135

Table 4.4.3.4. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Rupture with experimental Modulus of Rupture of MKC &

SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture in

MPa @28 days

from

experiment

)( rsm

Modulus of Rupture

in MPa @ 28 days

from predicted

equation

(edictedrsm Pr,

)

rm

edictedrsm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 4.26 4.26 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 4.87 4.96 1.01

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 5.66 5.66 1.00

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 6.46 6.37 0.986

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 5.12 5.18 1.01

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 6.31 6.13 0.971

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 6.90 7.07 `1.02

Avg. Error = 0.1% Mean = 0.999

136

Table 4.4.3.5. Modulus of Rupture of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture

@28 days in

MPa )( rf

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture

w.r.t C.S of

OPCC

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture to

Splitting

tensile

strength of

OPCC

%increase in

Modulus of

Rupture of

SFRC w.r.t

OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 5.42 0.088 1.25 -

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 6.48 0.105 1.50 16.35

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 7.50 0.122 1.73 27.80

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 8.64 0.1400 1.99 37.30

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 6.80 0.0.111 1.57 20.30

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 8.32 0.135 1.92 34.90

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 9.15 0.1490 2.11 40.80

137

Table 4.4.3.6. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Rupture with experimental Modulus of Rupture of OPCC &


S.No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

Modulus of

Rupture in MPa

@28 days from

experiment

)( rf

Modulus of Rupture

in MPa @ 28 days

from predicted

equation

(edicted

rfPr,

)

rf

edictedrf

Pr,

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 5.42 5.42 1.00

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 6.48 6.39 0.986

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 7.50 7.36 0.981

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 8.60 8.34 0.970

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 6.82 6.71 0.984

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 8.30 8.01 0.965

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 9.15 9.31 1.02

Avg. Error = 1.2 % Mean = 0.987

138

Table 4.4.3.7. Modulus of Rupture of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture

@28 days in

MPa

)( rsm

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture

w.r.t C.S of

OPCC

Ratio of

Modulus of

Rupture to

Splitting

tensile

strength

% increase in

Modulus of

Rupture of

SFRC-MK

w.r.t OPCC

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 5.80 0.095 1.33 6.55

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 6.81 0.1109 1.54 20.40

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 7.96 0.129 1.80 31.90

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 9.21 0.150 2.08 41.15

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 7.33 0.119 1.65 26.05

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 8.34 0.136 1.88 35.00

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 9.72 0.160 2.19 44.20

139

Table 4.4.3.8. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Rupture with experimental Modulus of Rupture of MKC &


S. No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Rupture in MPa

@28 days from

experiment

( rsm )

Modulus of Rupture

in MPa @ 28 days

from predicted

equation

(edictedrsm Pr,

)

rsm

edictedrsm

Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 5.87 5.87 1.0

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 6.81 6.87 1.00

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 7.96 7.88 0.988

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 9.21 8.89 0.965

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 7.33 7.21 0.984

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1 80 0.60 8.34 8.55 1.02

7

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 9.82 9.90 1.01

Avg. error = 0.5 % Mean = 0.995

140

Table 4.4.4. Studies on Modulus of Elasticity of OPCC, SFRC, MKC and SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade

Table 4.4.4.1. Modulus of Elasticity of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix -ID)

Fibre Content

(%)

Aspect Ratio

(AR)

Fibre Factor

(F)

Modulus of

Elasticity @28 days

in GPa (Es)

% increase in Modulus

of Elasticity of SFRC

w.r.t OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 24.32 -

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 25.04 2.96

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 25.62 5.34

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 26.68 9.70

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 25.59 5.22

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 26.25 7.93

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 27.20 11.84

141

Table 4.4.4.2. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Elasticity with experimental Modulus of Elasticity of OPCC

& SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC in GPa

@28 days from

experiment (Es)

Modulus of Elasticity

of SFRC in GPa @ 28

days from proposed

equation

Es Predicted

s

edicteds

E

EPr

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 24.32 24.32 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 25.04 25.04 1.0

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 25.72 25.81 1.0

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 26.68 26.48 0.992

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 25.59 25.28 0.985

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 26.25 26.17 0.997

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 27.20 27.12 0.997

Avg. error = 0.5% Mean = 0.995

142

Table 4.4.4.3. Modulus of Elasticity of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No

Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK

@28 days in

GPa )(Esm

% increase in

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK w.r.t

OPCC

% increase in

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK w.r.t

MKC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 24.32 - -

2 MK Concrete 0 0 0 25.43 4.82 -

3 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 26.24 8.16 3.18

4 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 27.06 11.26 6.41

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 27.44 13.10 7.90

6 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 26.58 9.29 4.52

7 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 27.25 12.04 7.18

8 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 27.90 14.72 9.71

143

Table 4.4.4.4. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Elasticity with experimental

Modulus of Elasticity of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC in GPa

@28 days from

experiment

( Esm )


of SFRC in GPa @ 28

days from predicted

equation

(E sm , Predicted)

sm

edictedsm

E

E Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 25.43 25.43 1.0

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 26.24 26.03 0.990

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 27.06 26.64 0.984

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 27.44 27.20 0.99

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 26.58 26.24 0.987

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.90 27.25 27.04 0.989

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 27.90 27.85 0.998

Avg. Error = 1.01 % Mean = 0.990

144

Table 4.4.4.5. Modulus of Elasticity of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix -ID)

Fibre Content

(%)

Aspect Ratio

(AR)

Fibre Factor

(F)

Modulus of

Elasticity @28

days in GPa (Es)

% increase in Modulus

of Elasticity of SFRC

w.r.t OPCC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 33.88 -

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 35.50 4.78

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 36.52 7.79

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 37.70 11.27

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 36.39 7.40

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 37.04 9.32

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 38.34 13.16

145

Table 4.4.4.6. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Elasticity with experimental Modulus of Elasticity of OPCC

& SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC in GPa

@28 days from

experiment

(Es)


of SFRC in GPa @

28 days from

proposed equation

(Es Predicted)

s

edicteds

E

EPr

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 33.88 33.88 1.00

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 35.50 34.93 0.983

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 36.52 35.99 0.985

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 37.70 37.04 0.982

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 36.39 35.28 0.969

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 37.04 36.69 0.990

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 38.34 37.25 0.972

Avg. Error = 1.70 % Mean = 0.983

146

Table 4.4.4.7. Modulus of Elasticity of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK @28

days in GPa

(Esm)

% increase in

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK w.r.t

OPCC

% increase in

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC-MK w.r.t

MKC

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 33.88 - -

2 MK Concrete 0 0 0 36.32 7.20 -

3 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 37.08 9.44 2.09

4 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 38.44 13.45 5.83

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 39.48 16.52 8.70

6 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 37.92 11.92 4.40

7 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 39.02 15.17 7.43

8 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 40.28 18.90 10.90

147

Table 4.4.4.8. Comparison of predicted Modulus of Elasticity with experimental Modulus of Elasticity of MKC


S.No

Type of mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Modulus of

Elasticity of

SFRC in GPa

@28 days from

experiment

( Esm )

Modulus of

Elasticity of SFRC

in GPa @ 28 days

from predicted

equation

(E sm Predicted)

sm

edictedsm

E

E Pr,

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 36.32 36.32 1.00

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 37.08 37.32 1.00

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 38.44 38.33 0.987

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 39.48 39.32 0.995

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 37.92 37.66 0.990

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 39.02 39.02 0.985

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 40.28 40.02 0.994

Avg. error = 1.70 % Mean = 0.983

148

Table 4.4.5. Studies on Impact resistance of OPCC, SFRC, MKC and SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50

grade

Table 4.4.5.1. Impact Resistance of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Impact Resistance of

SFRC @28 days

(No. of blows)

% Increase in Impact

resistance of SFRC w.r.t

OPCC

At Ist

Crack

At failure At Ist

Crack

At failure

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 10 18 - -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 26 70 61.50 74.30

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 43 119 76.80 84.00

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 64 198 84.50 90.90

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 30 90 66.67 80.00

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 57 156 82.50 88.50

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 76 218 86.80 91.80

149

Table 4.4.5.2. Comparison of predicted Impact resistance with experimental Impact resistance of OPCC &


S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)


SFRC @28 days

(No. of blows)

(experimental) (Is)


SFRC @28 days

(No. of blows)

(predicted) (Is,pred)

Is,pred

Is

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 18 18 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 70 72.67 1.038

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 119 127.35 1.067

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 198 182.02 0.919

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 90 90.92 1.00

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 156 163.80 1.04

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 218 236.70 1.08

Avg..Error = 1.90 % Mean = 1.019

150

Table 4.4.5.3. Impact Resistance of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)


SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)


resistance of SFRC-MK

w.r.t. OPCC

At Ist

Crack At failure

At Ist

Crack At Failure

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 08 11 - -

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 47 110 78.70 83.60

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 110 228 90.90 92.10

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 168 332 94.00 94.60

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 69 145 85.50 87.60

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 149 323 93.30 94.40

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 203 416 95.10 95.67

151

Table 4.4.5.4. Comparison of Predicted Impact resistance with experimental Impact resistance of MKC&


S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)

Impact Resistance

of SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(experimental) Ism

Impact Resistance

of SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(predicted) Ism,pred

Ism,pred

Ism

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 11 11 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 110 114.72 1.04

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 228 218.45 0.958

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 332 320.79 0.966

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 145 149.3 1.03

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 302 287.6 0.954

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 416 425.9 1.02

Avg.Error = 0.50 % Mean = 0.995

152

Table 4.4.5.5. Impact Resistance of OPCC & SFRC mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)


SFRC @ 28 days (No. of

blows)


resistance of SFRC w.r.t

OPCC

At First

Crack At failure At First

Crack At failure

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 17 25 - -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 52 156 67.30 84.00

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 98 296 82.70 91.60

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 146 412 88.40 93.90

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 83 185 79.50 86.50

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 127 346 86.60 92.80

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 175 485 90.30 94.90

153

Table 4.4.5.6. Comparison of Predicted Impact resistance with experimental Impact resistance of OPCC &


S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio

(AR)

Fibre

Factor

(F)

Impact Resistance

of SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(experimental) (Is)

Impact Resistance

of SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(predicted) (Is,pred)

Is,pred

Is

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 25 25 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 156 142.67 0.914

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 296 260.35 0.88

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 412 378.02 0.917

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 185 181.90 0.983

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 346 338.8 0.976

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 485 495.7 1.02

Avg.Error = 4.5 % Mean = 0.955

154

Table 4.4.5.7. Impact Resistance of MKC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade

S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content (%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)


SFRC-MK @ 28 days (No.

of blows)


resistance of SFRC-MK

w.r.t OPCC

At first

Crack At Failure At first

Crack At failure

1 MK Concrete 0 0 0 14 18 - -

2 SFRC-MK

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 146 258 88.35 90.30

3 SFRC-MK

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 262 470 93.50 94.70

4 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 393 730 95.70 96.60

5 SFRC-MK

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 220 320 92.30 93.00

6 SFRC-MK

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 369 596 95.40 96.00

7 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 446 862 96.20 98.00

155

Table 4.4.5.8. Comparison of Predicted Impact resistance with experimental Impact resistance of MKC &


S.No Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Fibre

Content

(%)

Aspect

Ratio (AR)

Fibre

Factor (F)


SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(experimental) Ism

Impact Resistance

of SFRC @ 28 days

(No. of blows)

(predicted) Ism,pred

Ism,pred

Ism

1 OPC Concrete 0 0 0 19 19 1.00

2 SFRC

(0.5-60) 0.5 60 0.225 258 234.10 0.906

3 SFRC

(1.0-60) 1.0 60 0.45 470 449.20 0.955

4 SFRC

(1.5-60) 1.5 60 0.675 730 664.30 0.910

5 SFRC

(0.5-80) 0.5 80 0.30 320 305.8 0.953

6 SFRC

(1.0-80) 1.0 80 0.60 596 592.6 0.993

7 SFRC

(1.5-80) 1.5 80 0.90 862 879.4 1.02

Avg.Error = 3.75 % Mean = 0.962

156

Table 4.4.5.9. Increase / decrease in impact resistance of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade in

compasrison with OPC concrete

Grade of

concrete Type of mix

Increase / Decrease in impact strength (No. of times)

0% 0.50% 1.0% 1.5%

M20

SFRC (1.5-60) - 3.88 6.61 11.0

SFRC (1.5-80) - 5.0 8.66 12.11

SFRC-MK (1.5-60) -1.64 6.11 12.68 18.44

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) -1.64 8.05 17.94 23.11

M50

SFRC (1.5-60) - 6.24 11.84 16.48

SFRC (1.5-80) - 7.40 13.84 19.40

SFRC-MK (1.5-60) -1.32 10.32 18.80 29.20

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) -1.32 12.80 23.84 32.48

157

Table 4.4.5.10 Compressive strength of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes Of M20 & M50 grades with predicted values

and percentage variation

Grade of


Compressive strength in

MPa (Exp)

Predicted Compressive

Strength (MPa) % Variation

M20

1 OPCC 30.69 30.69 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 31.66 31.61 0.20

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 32.48 32.53 -

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 33.66 33.45 0.70

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 31.92 31.92 -

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 32.61 33.10 2.00

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 34.10 34.37 1.00

8 MKC 32.86 32.86 1.00

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 34.12 33.74 1.40

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 35.02 34.63 1.20

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 35.86 35.52 1.10

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 34.78 34.04 2.30

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 35.54 35.13 1.20

158

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 36.58 36.21 1.10

M50

1 OPCC 61.40 61.40 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 63.81 63.26 1.00

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 65.86 65.12 1.20

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 67.72 66.98 2.10

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 65.18 63.88 2.00

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 66.86 66.37 1.00

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 69.04 68.85 1.30

8 MKC 68.90 68.90 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 71.54 70.48 1.50

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 72.80 72.07 1.40

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 74.00 73.66 1.80

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 72.58 71.01 2.40

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 73.42 73.13 1.40

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 75.68 75.15 1.05

159

Table 4.4.5.11 Split tensile strength of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 & M50 grades with predicted values

and percentage variation

Grade of


Split tensile strength in

MPa (Exp)

Predicted Split tensile

Strength (MPa) % Variation

M20

1 OPCC 2.84 2.84 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 3.32 3.26 1.90

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 3.76 3.74 0.60

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 4.38 4.25 3.00

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 3.50 3.36 3.80

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 4.25 4.09 4.00

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 4.63 4.72 1.00

8 MKC 3.08 3.08 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 3.42 3.58 5.00

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 4.06 4.07 -

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 4.68 4.56 2.60

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 3.82 3.74 2.10

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 4.38 4.40 -

160

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 4.96 5.06 2.00

M50

1 OPCC 4.32 4.32 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 5.28 5.04 4.60

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 5.90 5.77 2.20

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 6.99 6.50 6.80

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 5.50 5.29 3.80

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 6.53 6.26 4.20

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 7.22 7.23 -

8 MKC 4.76 4.76 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 5.65 5.50 2.70

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 6.38 6.24 2.20

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 7.41 6.98 5.80

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 6.20 5.74 7.00

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 6.82 6.73 2.20

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 7.69 7.71 1.00

161

Table 4.4.5.12 Comparison of predicted Modulus of Rupture of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 & M50 grades

with experimental Modulus of Rupture

Grade of


Modulus of Rupture in

MPa (Exp)

Predicted Modulus of

Rupture (MPa) % Variation

M20

1 OPCC 4.03 4.03 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 4.76 4.69 1.50

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 5.44 5.34 1.80

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 6.10 6.00 1.60

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 5.08 4.90 3.50

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 5.76 5.79 -

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 6.72 6.66 1.00

8 MKC 4.26 4.26 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 4.87 4.96 2.00

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 5.66 5.60 -

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 6.46 6.37 2.40

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 5.12 5.20 1.00

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 6.31 6.12 2.80

162

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 6.90 7.08 2.00

M50

1 OPCC 5.42 5.42 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 6.48 6.39 2.40

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 7.50 7.36 1.90

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 8.60 8.34 3.00

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 6.80 6.71 2.60

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 8.30 8.01 3.50

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 9.15 9.31 2.00

8 MKC 5.87 5.87 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 6.81 6.87 -

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 7.96 7.78 3.20

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 9.21 8.89 3.50

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 7.33 7.21 2.60

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 8.34 8.55 2.00

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 9.82 9.90 1.20

163

Table 4.4.5.13 Comparison of predicted Modulus of Elasticity of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 & M50 grades

with experimental Modulus of Elasticity

Grade of


Modulus of Elasticity in

GPa (Exp)

Predicted Modulus of

Elasticity (GPa) % Variation

M20

1 OPCC 24.32 24.32 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 25.04 24.90 0.80

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 25.72 25.26 2.00

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 26.68 26.10 2.20

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 25.59 25.08 3.00

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 26.25 25.56 2.70

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 27.20 26.48 2.90

8 MKC 25.43 25.43 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 26.24 25.80 1.70

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 27.06 26.54 1.20

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 27.44 27.00 1.70

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 26.58 26.24 1.30

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 27.44 26.74 1.90

164

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 26.58 27.80 0.80

M50

1 OPCC 27.25 33.88 -

2 SFRC (0.5-60) 27.90 34.93 1.70

3 SFRC (1.0-60) 33.88 35.99 2.50

4 SFRC (1.5-60) 35.50 37.04 1.80

5 SFRC (0.5-80) 36.52 35.28 3.10

6 SFRC (1.0-80) 37.04 36.69 1.00

7 SFRC (1.5-80) 38.34 37.25 2.80

8 MKC 36.32 36.32 -

9 SFRC-MK (0.5-60) 37.08 37.32 -

10 SFRC-MK (1.0-60) 38.44 38.03 1.10

11 SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 39.48 39.72 2.00

12 SFRC-MK (0.5-80) 37.92 37.66 1.00

13 SFRC-MK (1.0-80) 39.02 38.69 1.10

14 SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 40.28 39.54 1.90

165

Table 4.4.5.14 Predicted equations of mechanical properties of M20 grade concrete

S.No Property Type of Mix Proposed equation (Valid up to a fibre content of

1.50% by vol.) Valid upto

1 Compressive

strength

SFRC σcs, Predicted = 4.097F + σCS 34.38 MPa

2 SFRC-MK σcsm, Predicted = 3.95 F + σcsm 36.42 MPa

3 Splitting tensile

strength

SFRC σSt, Predicted = 2.097 F + σSt 4.72 MPa

4 SFRC-MK σStm, Predicted = 2.125 F + σStm 4.99 MPa

5 Modulus of

rupture

SFRC σrf, Predicted = 2.93 F + σrf 6.67 MPa

6 SFRC-MK σrsm, Predicted = 3.136 F + σrsm 7.08 MPa

7 Modulus of

elasticity

SFRC Es, Predicted = 3.204 F + Es 27.20 GPa

8 SFRC-MK Esm, Predicted = 2.68 F + Esm 27.85 GPa

9 Impact resistance

to failure

SFRC Is, Predicted = 243.26 F + Is 237 blows

10 SFRC-MK Ism, Predicted = 461.22 F + Ism 426 blows

166

Table 4.4.5.15 Predicted equations of mechanical properties of M50 grade concrete

S.No Property Type of Mix Proposed equation (Valid upto a fibre content of

1.50% by vol.) Valid upto

1 Compressive

strength

SFRC σcs, Predicted = 8.289 F + σCS 63.26 MPa

2 SFRC-MK σcsm, Predicted = 6.256 F + σcsm 74.53 MPa

3 Splitting tensile

strength

SFRC σSt, Predicted = 3.24 F + σSt 7.24 MPa

4 SFRC-MK σStm, Predicted = 3.30 F + σStm 7.73 MPa

5 Modulus of

rupture

SFRC σrf, Predicted = 4.32 F + σrf 9.30 MPa

6 SFRC-MK σrsm, Predicted = 4.478 F + σrsm 9.90 MPa

7 Modulus of

elasticity

SFRC Es, Predicted = 4.69 F + Es 38.10 GPa

8 SFRC-MK Esm, Predicted = 4.51 F + Esm 40.38 GPa

9 Impact resistance

to failure

SFRC Is, Predicted = 503.69 F + Is 478 blows

10 SFRC-MK Ism, Predicted = 956 F + Ism 878 blows

167

TABLE 4.5. THERMAL EFFECTS OF OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK MIXES OF M20 AND

M50 GRADE

Table 4.5.1. Variation in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of rupture of M20 grade

concrete due to various thermal cycles at 500C

Type of strength No. of

days OPCC MKC

SFRC

(1.5-60)

SFRC

(1.5-80)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

Compressive

Strength (MPa)

0 30.69 32.86 33.66 34.10 36.14 36.50

28 26.80 34.93 30.16 30.88 33.21 33.88

90 25.18 35.96 28.24 29.05 31.02 31.72

180 24.54 36.60 27.38 28.20 30.27 31.05

Split Tensile

strength (MPa)

0 2.84 3.08 4.35 4.68 4.50 4.96

28 2.42 3.20 3.84 4.18 4.09 4.56

90 2.22 3.28 3.53 3.85 3.76 4.20

180 2.09 3.32 3.32 3.61 3.55 3.97

Modulus of

Rupture (MPa)

0 4.03 4.26 6.22 6.72 6.46 6.90

28 3.32 4.43 5.45 5.97 5.98 6.33

90 3.04 4.55 4.97 5.46 5.49 5.80

180 2.83 4.61 4.65 5.06 5.05 5.36

168




days OPCC MKC

SFRC

(1.5-60)

SFRC

(1.5-80)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

Compressive

Strength (MPa)

0 61.40 68.9 67.72 69.04 74.22 75.68

28 55.99 75.56 63.71 65.89 72.33 74.10

90 53.26 77.74 60.53 62.70 68.60 71.14

180 51.29 79.18 58.24 60.35 65.42 67.94

Split Tensile strength

(MPa)

0 4.32 4.76 6.99 7.22 7.41 7.69

28 3.86 5.28 6.53 6.85 7.17 7.52

90 3.59 5.43 6.09 6.40 6.68 7.06

180 3.41 5.54 5.79 6.09 6.38 6.74

Modulus

of

Rupture (MPa)

0 5.42 5.87 8.60 9.15 9.21 9.82

28 4.70 6.42 7.96 8.66 8.87 9.60

90 4.33 6.61 7.32 7.94 8.20 8.85

180 4.05 6.70 6.78 7.36 7.58 8.20

169


due to various thermal cycles at 1000C


days OPCC MKC

SFRC

(1.5-60)

SFRC

(1.5-80)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

Compressive

Strength (MPa)

0 61.4 68.90 67.72 69.04 74.22 75.68

28 52.66 77.76 60.08 62.60 70.16 72.26

90 46.72 80.06 53.37 55.58 62.22 64.26

180 42.72 81.89 48.93 50.88 57.09 58.92

Split Tensile

strength (MPa)

0 4.32 4.76 6.99 7.22 7.41 7.69

28 3.61 5.41 6.07 6.36 6.81 7.18

90 3.28 5.69 5.52 5.77 6.17 6.53

180 3.08 5.88 5.18 5.44 5.78 6.12

Modulus of

Rupture (MPa)

0 5.42 5.87 8.60 9.15 9.22 9.82

28 4.42 6.63 7.44 8.09 8.40 9.04

90 3.94 6.92 6.63 7.24 7.50 8.10

180 3.62 7.08 6.14 6.71 6.95 7.54

170




days OPCC MKC

SFRC

(1.5-60)

SFRC

(1.5-80)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

Compressive

Strength (MPa)

0 30.69 32.86 33.66 34.10 36.14 36.50

28 24.35 35.80 27.34 28.20 30.80 31.68

90 21.15 36.62 23.78 24.53 26.84 27.64

180 18.95 37.33 21.35 22.01 24.07 24.86

Split Tensile

Strength (MPa)

0 2.84 3.08 4.35 4.68 4.50 4.96

28 2.18 3.26 3.44 3.75 3.72 4.16

90 1.99 3.32 3.17 3.45 3.43 3.86

180 1.84 3.40 2.93 3.19 3.14 3.52

Modulus of

Rupture (MPa)

0 4.03 4.26 6.22 6.72 6.46 6.90

28 3.05 4.55 4.95 5.43 5.35 5.79

90 2.75 4.65 4.49 4.94 4.89 5.31

180 2.51 4.74 4.12 5.56 4.51 4.92

171

Table 4.5.5. Percentage increase or decrease in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus

of rupture of various types of M20 grade concrete with zero thermal cycles at 500C and 1000C

Type of Mix

(Mix -ID)

No. of

Days

% Compressive Strength % Split tensile strength % Modulus of Rupture

500C 1000C 500C 1000C 500C 1000C

OPCC

0 - - - - - -

28 -12.66 -20.64 -14.57 -23.14 -17.66 -24.72

90 -17.94 -31.08 -21.7 -29.58 -24.50 -31.86

180 -20.04 -38.26 -26.20 -35.08 -29.72 -37.60

MKC

0 - - - - - -

28 6.26 8.92 4.12 6.08 4.18 6.72

90 9.42 11.40 6.34 7.90 6.80 9.28

180 11.36 13.58 7.94 9.40 8.33 11.08

SFRC

(1.5-60)

0 - - - - - -

28 -10.38 -18.76 -11.53 -20.86 -12.30 -20.47

90 -16.09 -29.33 -18.85 -27.02 -19.94 -27.80

180 -18.66 -36.58 -23.70 -32.58 -25.88 -33.76

172

SFRC

(1.5-80)

0 - - - - - -

28 -9.44 -17.28 -10.60 -19.72 -11.08 -19.18

90 -14.8 -28.05 -17.76 -26.20 -18.70 -26.44

180 -17.30 -35.44 -22.78 -31.82 -24.76 -32.40

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

0 - - - - - -

28 -8.10 -14.76 -9.06 -17.24 -8.62 -17.10

90 -14.18 -25.72 -16.30 -23.70 -16.22 -24.26

180 -16.24 -33.38 -21.10 -30.24 -22.92 -30.24

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

0 - - - - - -

28 -7.16 -13.20 -7.90 -16.04 -7.18 -16.06

90 -13.08 -24.20 -15.26 -22.16 -15.02 -23.02

180 -14.92 -31.88 -19.88 -29.06 -21.40 -28.84

173

Table 4.5.6. Percentage increase or decrease in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus

of rupture of various types of M50 grade concrete with zero thermal cycles at 500C and 1000C

Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

No. of

Days

% Compressive Strength % Split tensile strength % Modulus of Rupture

500C 1000C 500C 1000C 500C 1000C

OPCC

0 - - - - - -

28 -8.80 -14.23 -10.64 -16.38 -13.28 -18.40

90 -13.26 -23.90 -16.92 -24.06 -20.12 -27.38

180 -16.64 -30.42 -21.0 -28.72 -25.20 -33.14

MKC

0 - - - - - -

28 9.68 12.88 10.80 13.74 9.36 12.94

90 12.84 16.20 14.06 19.6 12.64 17.85

180 14.92 18.86 16.22 23.44 14.32 20.74

SFRC

(1.5-60)

0 - - - - - -

28 -5.92 -11.27 -6.46 -13.12 -7.04 -13.16

90 -10.62 -21.18 -12.84 -21.14 -14.58 -22.60

180 -14.0 -27.74 -17.12 -25.84 -21.08 -28.40

174

SFRC

(1.5-80)

0 - - - - - -

28 -4.56 -9.33 -5.04 -11.90 -5.32 -11.54

90 -9.18 -19.49 -11.42 -20.04 -13.20 -20.82

180 -12.58 -26.3 -15.6 -24.70 -19.56 -26.66

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

0 - - - - - -

28 -2.54 -5.47 -3.20 -8.14 -3.76 -8.84

90 -7.56 -16.17 -9.72 -16.69 -11.08 -18.70

180 -11.86 -23.08 -13.92 -21.96 -17.80 -24.58

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

0 - - - - - -

28 -2.08 -4.52 -2.14 -6.62 -2.24 -7.90

90 -6.0 -15.08 -8.10 -15.20 -9.84 -17.78

180 -10.22 -22.14 -12.36 -20.44 -16.52 -23.20

175

TABLE 4.6. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS OF OPCC, MKC,

SFRC & SFRC-MK MIXES OF M20 AND M50 GRADE

Table 4.6.1. Compressive strength of OPCC, MKC, SFRC &

SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade at elevated temperatures

Table 4.6.1.1.Variation in compressive strength of OPCC of

M20 grade due to temperature effects

S.

No Temperature

Exposure Duration Compressive

Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)

0 Hrs 4 Hrs 8 Hrs 12 Hrs

1 At room

temperature 30.69 - - - -

2 At 2000C - 29.22 28.54 28.08 31.95

3 At 4000C - 26.73 25.93 24.92 27.18

4 At 6000C - 23.32 21.94 20.65 22.77

Table 4.6.1.2. Variation in compressive strength of MKC of

M20 grade due to temperature effects

S..No Temperature

Exposure Duration

Compressive

Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)

0 Hrs 4

Hrs 8 Hrs 12 Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 32.04 31.29 31.10 36.32

3 At 4000C - 29.12 28.26 27.60 30.73

4 At 6000C - 23.75 21.85 20.53 24.32

176

Table 4.6.1.3.Variation in compressive strength of SFRC

(1.5-60) of M20 grade due to temperature effects

S.No Temperature

Exposure Duration

Compressive

Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


1 At room


2 At 2000C - 29.95 29.22 28.61 33.25

3 At 4000C - 26.38 25.17 23.29 26.18

4 At 6000C - 20.93 18.34 15.75 17.12

Table 4.6.1.4.Variation in compressive strength of SFRC (1.5-80)

of M20 grade due to temperature effects

S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)

0 Hrs 4 Hrs 8 Hrs 12

Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 30.42 29.53 28.17 32.90

3 At 4000C - 25.95 24.82 22.73 25.57

4 At 6000C - 19.7 17.93 14.80 17.11

177

Table 4.6.1.5.Variation in compressive strength of SFRC-MK


S.No Temperature

Exposure Duration

Compressive

Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 33.32 32.60 31.36 38.31

3 At 4000C - 29.42 28.12 26.09 29.99

4 At 6000C - 20.42 18.14 14.90 16.70



S.No Temperature

Exposure Duration

Compressive

Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


1 At room


2 At 2000C - 33.01 32.40 30.28 38.22

3 At 4000C - 28.41 27.58 25.22 29.67

4 At 6000C - 19.3 17.22 14.52 16.13

178

Table 4.6.1.7.Variation in compressive strength of OPCC of M50

grade due to temperature effects

S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 54.84 53.36 51.33 64.60

3 At 4000C - 47.15 45.19 42.24 51.80

4 At 6000C - 36.60 33.27 29.40 35.24

Table 4.6.1.8.Variation in compressive strength of MKC of M50

grade due to temperature effects

S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 61.32 58.49 57.88 74.62

3 At 4000C - 54.64 52.91 50.30 60.35

4 At 6000C - 38.03 34.72 27.96 31.42

179

Table 4.6.1.9. Variation in compressive strength of SFRC (1.5-60)


S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 51.48 49.34 46.06 53.50

3 At 4000C - 43.66 41.78 40.52 45.44

4 At 6000C - 33.58 30.20 26.40 31.20

Table 4.6.1.10.Variation in compressive strength of SFRC (1.5-80)


S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 51.23 48.81 45.02 52.26

3 At 4000C - 41.98 39.28 37.56 42.14

4 At 6000C - 32.80 29.48 21.40 26.23

180



S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


Hrs

1 At room


2 At 2000C - 60.31 57.63 55.06 65.63

3 At 4000C - 55.80 51.91 48.02 55.20

4 At 6000C - 31.59 27.08 23.0 26.20



S.No Temperature


Strength

after cooling

to room

temperature

(MPa)


1 At room


2 At 2000C - 59.59 57.48 54.18 65.45

3 At 4000C - 53.36 50.58 46.60 54.41

4 At 6000C - 27.30 26.33 18.31 21.94

181

Table 4.6.1.13. Percentage decrease in compressive strength of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20

and M50 grade at elevated temperatures

Grade of concrete S. No Type of Mix Temperature % Decrease in Compressive

Strength

M20

1 OPCC

200 8.50

400 18.80

600 32.70

2 MKC

200 5.35

400 16.00

600 37.50

3 SFRC

(1.5 -80)

200 17.40

400 33.30

600 56.60

4 SFRC –MK

(1.5 -80)

200 17.00

400 30.90

600 60.50

182

M50

5 OPCC

200 16.40

400 31.20

600 52.10

6 MKC

200 15.50

400 27.0

600 59.40

7 SFRC

(1.5 -80)

200 34.80

400 45.60

600 69.0

8 SFRC –MK

(1.5 -80)

200 27.90

400 38.0

600 75.80

183

Table 4.6.1.14. Percentage increase in compressive strength of

OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade after

cooling to room temperature in comparison to its strength at

elevated temperatures

Grade of

concrete

S. No Type of

Mix

Temperature % increase in

Compressive

Strength

M20

1 OPCC

200 13.80

400 9.06

600 10.26

2 MKC

200 16.78

400 11.34

600 6.90

3 SFRC

(1.5 -80)

200 16.80

400 12.50

600 15.6

4 SFRC –MK

(1.5 -80)

200 26.22

400 17.64

600 11.10

M50

5 OPCC

200 25.86

400 14.80

600 20.80

6 MKC

200 28.92

400 18.80

600 18.10

7 SFRC

(1.5 -80)

200 16.08

400 12.20

600 22.57

8 SFRC –MK

(1.5 -80)

200 19.90

400 15.90

600 19.60

184

Table 4.6.2. Pulse velocity (m/sec) of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-

MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade at elevated temperatures

Table 4.6.2.1. Variation in Pulse velocity of various types of M20

grade concrete due to temperature effects

Type of Mix

(Mix- ID) Temperature Exposure duration


OPCC

At room

Temperature 4325 - - -

2000C - 4099 4013 3927

4000C - 3553 3481 3335

6000C - 2907 2790 2571

MKC

At room


2000C - 4100 4015 3930

4000C - 3561 3502 3347

6000C - 2919 2802 2587

SFRC

(1.5-60)

At room


2000C - 4100 4014 3929

4000C - 3557 3492 3341

6000C - 2913 2796 2575

SFRC

(1.5-80)

At room


2000C - 4104 4014 3928

4000C - 3555 3487 3338

6000C - 2904 2793 2579

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

At room


2000C - 4101 4017 3934

4000C - 3570 3529 3361

6000C - 2933 2816 2599

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

At room


2000C - 4101 4016 3933

4000C - 3567 3520 3356

6000C - 2928 2811 2605

185

Table 4.6.2.2. Variation in Pulse velocity of various types of M50


Type of Mix

(Mix ID) Temperature

Exposure duration


OPCC

At room


2000C 4145 4063 3989

4000C 3639 3531 3398

6000C 3026 2915 2767

MKC

At room


2000C 4147 4065 3993

4000C 3649 3539 3410

6000C 3032 2930 2780

SFRC

(1.5-60)

At room


2000C 4146 4064 3991

4000C 3644 3535 3404

6000C 3030 2923 2771

SFRC

(1.5-80)

At room


2000C 4146 4064 3990

4000C 3642 3533 3401

6000C 3029 2919 2773

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

At room


2000C 4147 4065 3994

4000C 3651 3540 3412

6000C 3033 2933 2778

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

At room


2000C 4143 4065 3993

4000C 3643 3539 3410

6000C 3024 2931 2783

186

Table 4.6.3. Percentage weight loss of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-

MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade at elevated temperatures

Table 4.6.3.1. Percentage weight loss of various types of M20


Type of Mix

(Mix- ID)

Temperature

Exposure duration

4 Hrs 8 Hrs 12 Hrs

OPCC

2000C 3.57 3.84 4.02

4000C 3.92 4.26 4.60

6000C 4.72 4.92 5.36

MKC

2000C 2.40 2.71 2.92

4000C 2.63 2.90 3.16

6000C 3.28 3.44 3.68

SFRC

(1.5-60)

2000C 5.16 5.57 5.88

4000C 5.69 6.22 6.74

6000C 6.96 7.22 7.78

SFRC

(1.5-80)

2000C 5.62 6.04 6.41

4000C 6.23 6.76 7.31

6000C 7.44 7.78 8.32

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

2000C 3.82 4.17 4.50

4000C 4.18 4.86 4.97

6000C 5.18 5.28 5.76

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

2000C 4.07 4.40 4.76

4000C 4.46 5.16 5.30

6000C 5.44 5.56 6.04

187

Table 4.6.3.2. Percentage weight loss of various types of M50


Type of Mix

(Mix –ID) Temperature

Exposure duration

4 Hrs 8 Hrs 12 Hrs

OPCC

2000C 5.40 5.85 6.21

4000C 6.38 7.04 7.76

6000C 7.88 8.45 9.49

MKC

2000C 2.86 3.04 3.18

4000C 3.28 3.60 3.93

6000C 3.97 4.25 4.75

SFRC

(1.5-60)

2000C 8.04 8.62 9.09

4000C 9.39 10.31 11.29

6000C 11.54 12.29 13.66

SFRC

(1.5-80)

2000C 8.80 9.46 9.98

4000C 10.38 11.42 12.55

6000C 12.73 13.50 15.09

SFRC-MK

(1.5-60)

2000C 5.52 5.85 6.16

4000C 6.36 7.09 7.65

6000C 7.78 8.30 9.24

SFRC-MK

(1.5-80)

2000C 5.94 6.31 6.66

4000C 6.84 7.64 8.25

6000C 8.38 8.95 9.96

188

TABLE 4.7. DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK MIXES OF M20 AND

M50 GRADE

Table 4.7.1. Loss in weight of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50 grade after immersion in

different solutions

Table 4.7.1.1. Loss in weight of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade due to acid attack (5 %

HCL)

S. No Mix- ID Wt. before

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

Wt. after

immersion

@ 30 days

% loss

in Wt.

@ 30

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 60 days

(gms)

% loss

in Wt.

@ 60

days

Wt. after

immersio

n

@ 90

days

(gms)

% loss

in Wt.

@ 90

days

Wt. after

immersio

n

@ 120

days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @

120 days

1 OPCC 2468 2334 5.45 2325 5.82 2252 8.76 2215 10.23

2 MKC 2544 2484 2.37 2477 2.66 2444 3.90 2413 5.16

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 2556 2507 1.93 2488 2.64 2470 3.37 2454 3.98

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 2587 2543 1.69 2530 2.22 2515 2.78 2497 3.48

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 2604 2563 1.58 2550 2.08 2541 2.40 2527 2.95

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 2622 2589 1.26 2580 1.59 2574 1.83 2567 2.10

189


H2SO4)

S. No Mix- ID

Wt.

before

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

Wt. after

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt.

@ 30

days

Wt.after

immersion

@ 60 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt.

@ 60

days

Wt.after

immersion

@ 90 days

(gms)

% loss

in Wt.

@ 90

days

Wt.after

immersion

@ 120

days (gms)

% loss in

Wt.

@ 120

days

1 OPCC 2468 2241 9.22 2065 16.32 1854 24.86 1649 33.2

2 MKC 2544 2408 5.36 2250 11.58 2126 16.43 1942 23.69

3 SFRC (1.5-

60) 2556 2411 5.67 2255 11.78 2118 17.14 2013 21.22

4 SFRC (1.5-

80) 2587 2461 4.86 2315 10.52 2192 15.26 2075 19.8

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 2604 2494 4.22 2355 9.56 2287 12.16 2238 14.06

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 2622 2538 3.20 2437 7.04 2373 9.48 2325 11.34


HCL)

190

S.No Mix- ID

Wt.

before

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

Wt. after

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 30

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 60 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 60

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 90 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 90

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 120 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 120

days

1 OPCC 2684 2577 3.97 2543 5.24 2457 8.44 2434 9.29

2 MKC 2622 2599 0.89 2567 2.08 2528 3.58 2511 4.22

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 2780 2753 0.96 2739 1.48 2720 2.14 2707 2.62

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 2816 2793 0.80 2782 1.22 2766 1.76 2765 1.88

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 2710 2689 0.76 2682 1.02 2673 1.36 2658 1.94

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 2738 2724 0.52 2717 0.78 2707 1.12 2700 1.38

Table 4.7.1.4.Loss in weight of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M50 grade due to acid attack (5 %

H2SO4)

191

S.

No Mix- ID

Wt. before

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

Wt. after

immersion

@ 30 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 30

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 60 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 60

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 90 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 90

days

Wt. after

immersion

@ 120 days

(gms)

% loss in

Wt. @ 120

days

1 OPCC 2666 2587 2.96 2418 9.32 2193 17.74 1962 26.38

2 MKC 2600 2558 1.62 2504 3.69 2434 6.37 2343 9.88

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 2792 2732 2.14 2599 6.92 2478 11.24 2386 14.54

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 2830 2791 1.38 2653 6.26 2542 10.18 2441 13.76

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 2722 2680 1.52 2590 4.86 2576 5.36 2531 7.02

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 2762 2736 0.93 2663 3.60 2642 4.32 2599 5.90

Table 4.7.2. Percentage loss of compressive strength of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 and M50

grade after immersing in different solutions

192

Table 4.7.2.1. Loss in compressive strength of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade due to acid

attack (5% HCL)

S.

No Mix- ID

C.S.

before

immersi

on

@ 30

days

(MPa)

C.S. after

immersio

n

@ 30 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 30

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 60 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S @

60 days

C.S after

immersion

@ 90 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S @

90 days

C.S after

immersio

n

@ 120

days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S @

120

days

1 OPCC 30.69 27.78 9.46 25.69 16.28 24.26 20.94 22.42 26.96

2 MKC 32.86 30.33 7.68 28.53 13.15 27.04 17.72 25.10 23.61

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 33.66 31.10 7.58 29.42 12.58 27.85 17.25 26.09 22.47

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 34.10 31.73 6.95 29.99 12.04 28.54 16.30 26.58 22.05

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 36.14 33.80 6.45 32.08 11.22 31.14 13.84 29.21 19.16

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 36.50 34.35 5.89 32.60 10.68 31.68 13.21 30.10 17.52

193


attack (5 % H2SO4)

S.No Mix- ID

C.S

.before

immersi

on @ 30

days

(MPa)

CS after

immersi

on

@ 30

days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 30

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 60 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 60

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 90 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S @

90 days

C.S after

immersion

@ 120 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 120

days

1 OPCC 30.69 19.99 34.86 18.96 38.20 18.21 40.68 17.56 42.72

2 MKC 32.86 22.75 30.76 21.71 33.92 20.98 36.14 20.35 38.06

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 33.66 22.76 32.39 21.53 36.05 20.34 39.56 19.53 41.98

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 34.10 23.60 30.78 22.13 35.10 21.20 37.82 20.12 41.00

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 36.14 26.66 26.23 26.10 27.78 25.10 30.54 24.29 32.78

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 36.50 27.43 24.86 27.21 25.45 25.82 29.26 25.16 31.06

194


attack (5 % HCL)

S.

No Mix ID

C.S. before

immersion

@ 30 days

(MPa)

CS after

immersion

@ 30 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 30

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 60 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 60

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 90 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 90

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 120 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S @

120

days

1 OPCC 61.40 57.88 5.73 55.49 9.62 52.64 14.26 50.02 18.53

2 MKC 68.90 67.41 2.15 66.98 2.78 64.14 6.90 61.62 10.57

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 67.72 66.50 1.79 65.93 2.64 63.20 6.67 60.92 10.03

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 69.04 68.30 1.07 67.70 1.94 65.00 5.84 62.69 9.19

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 74.00 73.38 0.83 73.02 1.32 70.82 4.30 69.32 6.33

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 75.68 75.40 0.36 75.10 0.76 72.98 3.56 71.45 5.59

195


attack (5 % H2SO4 )

S.

No Mix- ID

C.S. before

immersion

@ 30 days

(MPa)

CS after

immersion

@ 30 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 30

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 60 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 60

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 90 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 90

days

C.S after

immersion

@ 120 days

(MPa)

% loss

in C.S

@ 120

days

1 OPCC 61.40 50.42 17.87 48.86 20.43 47.72 22.28 46.56 24.16

2 MKC 68.90 62.22 9.69 60.65 11.97 60.17 12.66 56.98 17.30

3 SFRC

(1.5-60) 67.72 60.85 10.13 58.88 13.05 57.77 14.68 55.73 17.70

4 SFRC

(1.5-80) 69.04 63.37 8.21 61.53 10.87 60.07 12.98 58.64 15.06

5 SFRC-MK

(1.5-60) 74.00 70.43 4.82 69.93 5.49 68.67 7.20 67.05 9.38

6 SFRC-MK

(1.5-80) 75.68 73.11 3.39 72.48 4.23 71.63 5.34 70.59 6.72

196

Table 4.7.2.5. Percentage increase in resistance of MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes against the loss of

compressive strength in comparison with OPC concrete of M20 and M50 grade.

Grade of


Resistance against percentage loss of compressive strength

5% HCL solution 5% H2SO4 solution

30

days

60

days 90 days

120

days

30

days 60 days 90 days

120

days

M20

MKC 1.78 3.13 3.22 2.68 4.08 4.28 4.54 4.66

SFRC (1.5-60) 1.88 3.70 3.69 3.67 12.45 12.15 1.12 0.77

SFRC (1.5-80) 2.51 4.24 4.65 4.16 4.06 3.10 2.86 1.72

SFRC-MK(1.5-60) 3.01 5.06 7.10 6.80 8.61 10.42 10.14 9.94

SFRC-MK(1.5-80) 3.57 5.60 7.73 9.44 9.98 12.75 11.42 11.66

M50

MKC 3.58 6.84 7.36 7.98 8.18 8.46 9.62 6.86

SFRC (1.5-60) 3.94 6.98 7.60 8.50 7.74 7.38 7.60 6.44

SFRC (1.5-80) 4.66 7.68 8.42 9.34 9.67 9.56 9.30 9.10

SFRC-MK(1.5-60) 4.90 8.30 9.96 12.20 13.05 14.94 15.08 14.78

SFRC-MK(1.5-80) 5.37 8.86 10.70 13.01 14.48 16.20 16.94 17.44

197

Table 4.7.3. Durability factors of OPCC, MKC, SFRC & SFRC-MK

mixes of M20 grade after immersing in 5% HCL solution

S.

No Mix- ID

Days of

Immersio

n

Relative

Strength (Sr) N M ADF

1 OPCC

30 90.52 30 120 22.63

60 83.71 60 120 41.85

90 79.05 90 120 59.28

120 73.08 120 120 73.08

2

MKC

30 92.33 30 120 23.08

60 86.85 60 120 43.42

90 82.28 90 120 61.72

120 76.38 120 120 76.38

3 SFRC

(1.5-60)

30 92.42 30 120 23.10

60 87.40 60 120 43.71

90 82.74 90 120 62.05

120 77.51 120 120 77.51

4 SFRC

(1.5-80)

30 93.04 30 120 23.26

60 87.94 60 120 43.97

90 83.69 90 120 62.76

120 77.95 120 120 77.95

5

SFRC –

MK

(1.5-60)

30 93.55 30 120 23.38

60 88.76 60 120 44.36

90 86.16 90 120 64.62

120 80.85 120 120 80.85

6

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-80)

30 94.11 30 120 23.52

60 89.32 60 120 44.66

90 86.79 90 120 65.09

120 82.46 120 120 82.46

198


mixes of M20 grade after immersing in 5% H2SO4 solution

S.No Mix- ID Days of

Immersion

Relative

Strength

(Sr)

N M ADF

1

OPCC

30 65.14 30 120 16.28

60 61.77 60 120 30.88

90 59.33 90 120 44.50

120 57.21 120 120 57.21

2

MKC

30 69.23 30 120 17.30

60 66.07 60 120 33.03

90 63.84 90 120 47.88

120 61.93 120 120 61.93

3 SFRC

(1.5-60)

30 67.62 30 120 16.90

60 63.96 60 120 31.98

90 60.42 90 120 45.32

120 58.02 120 120 58.02

4

SFRC

(1.5-80)

30 69.20 30 120 17.30

60 64.89 60 120 32.44

90 62.17 90 120 46.62

120 59.00 120 120 59.00

5

SFRC –

MK

(1.5-60)

30 73.76 30 120 18.44

60 72.22 60 120 36.11

90 69.45 90 120 52.08

120 67.21 120 120 67.21

6

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-80)

30 75.15 30 120 18.78

60 74.55 60 120 37.27

90 70.73 90 120 53.04

120 68.93 120 120 68.93

199


mixes of M50 grade after immersing in 5 % HCL


Immersion

Relative

Strength

(Sr)

N M ADF

1

OPCC

30 94.26 30 120 23.57

60 90.37 60 120 45.18

90 85.73 90 120 64.30

120 81.46 120 120 81.46

2

MKC

30 97.85 30 120 24.46

60 97.21 60 120 48.60

90 93.10 90 120 69.82

120 89.43 120 120 89.43

3

SFRC

(1.5-60)

30 98.19 30 120 24.55

60 97.35 60 120 48.67

90 93.34 90 120 70.00

120 89.97 120 120 89.97

4

SFRC

(1.5-80)

30 98.92 30 120 24.73

60 98.05 60 120 49.02

90 94.14 90 120 70.61

120 90.80 120 120 90.80

5

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-60)

30 99.16 30 120 24.79

60 98.67 60 120 49.33

90 95.70 90 120 71.78

120 93.67 120 120 93.67

6

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-80)

30 99.63 30 120 24.90

60 99.15 60 120 49.57

90 96.43 90 120 72.31

120 94.47 120 120 94.47

200


mixes of M50 grade after immersing in 5% H2SO4 solution


Immersion

Relative

Strength,

(Sr)

N M ADF

1 OPCC

30 82.12 30 120 20.53

60 79.58 60 120 39.80

90 77.72 90 120 58.29

120 75.83 120 120 75.83

2

MKC

30 90.30 30 120 22.57

60 88.02 60 120 44.01

90 87.22 90 120 65.42

120 82.58 120 120 82.58

3

SFRC

(1.5-60)

30 89.85 30 120 22.46

60 86.94 60 120 43.47

90 85.32 90 120 63.99

120 82.27 120 120 82.27

4

SFRC

(1.5-80)

30 91.80 30 120 22.96

60 89.12 60 120 44.56

90 87.00 90 120 65.25

120 84.94 120 120 84.94

5

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-60)

30 95.17 30 120 23.79

60 94.50 60 120 47.25

90 92.74 90 120 69.59

120 90.62 120 120 90.62

6

SFRC-

MK

(1.5-80)

30 96.60 30 120 24.15

60 95.77 60 120 47.88

90 94.66 90 120 70.99

120 93.27 120 120 93.27

Sr = Relative strength at N days (%),

N = No. of days at which the durability factors is required.

M = Maximum No. of days at which the exposer is to be

terminated. ADF = Acid durability factor.

201

TABLE 4.8. LOAD DEFLECTION CHARACTERISTICS FOR SFRC AND SFRC-MK BEAMS OF M20

AND M50 GRADE

Table 4.8.1. Load deflection characteristics of SFRC beams of M20 grade with fibres (AR-60)

Load in KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced concrete beams of M20 grade in mm

0.00% Remarks 0.50% Remarks 1.0% Remarks 1.50% Remarks

0 0

First crack load = 38.50

kN

Load @

failure =

66.50 kN

0


kN

Load @

failure =

76.0 kN

0

First crack

load = 54.5 kN

Load @ failure =

90.5 kN

0

First

crack load = 61.5 kN

Load @ failure =

102 kN

5 3.10 2.70 2.60 2..40

12 3.80 3.20 3.0 2.70

10 5.10 4.20 3.80 3.30

20 5.90 5.0 4.60 3.90

25 6.80 5.70 5.10 4.30

30 8.90 6.20 5.70 4.80

35 11.40 8.00 7.10 6.00

40 13.20 9.60 8.50 7.30

45 15.80 11.30 9.80 8.40

50 17.00 12.60 11.10 9.50

55 17.70 13.10 12.50 10.70

60 18.50 14.50 13.50 11.80

65 19.30 15.80 14.60 12.90

70 17.10 15.70 14.10

75 18.40 17.00 15.40

80 18.10 16.70

85 19.70 17.90

90 21.00 19.30

95 20.20

100 21.80

202

Table 4.8.2. Load deflection characteristics for SFRC beams of M20 grade with fibres (AR-80)

Load in KN



0 0

First crack load =

38.50 KN

Load @ failure =

66.50 KN

0


KN

Load @ failure =

78.5 KN

0

First crack load =

56.5KN

Load @ failure = 96

KN

0


KN

Load @ failure =

106 KN

5 3.10 2.50 2.40 2.30

10 3.80 3.00 2.80 2.60

15 5.10 3.80 3.50 3.10

20 5.90 4.50 4.20 3.50

25 6.80 5.00 4.50 4.00

30 8.90 5.50 5.00 4.30

35 11.40 6.80 6.10 5.00

40 13.20 8.20 7.20 6.40

45 15.80 9.50 8.20 7.30

50 17.00 10.70 9.40 8.10

55 17.70 11.40 10.20 8.50

60 18.50 12.70 11.50 10.10

65 19.30 14.10 13.20 12.10

70 15.40 13.90 12.40

75 16.80 15.30 13.50

80 18.10 16.70 15.10

85 18.40 16.70

90 20.00 18.30

95 21.90 20.10

100 21.80

105 23.20

203

Table 4.8.3. Load deflection characteristics for SFRC-MK beams of M20 grade with fibres (AR-60)

Load in KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced Metakaolin concrete beams of M20 grade in mm


0 0

First crack

load = 31.5

KN

Load @

failure =

57.5 KN

0


KN

Load @

failure =

82.5 KN

0


KN

Load @

failure =

100.5 KN

0


KN

Load @

failure =

114 KN

5 3.40 2.60 2.50 2.40

10 4.50 3.00 2.90 2.70

15 5.30 3.80 3.50 3.10

20 6.20 4.70 4.40 3.90

25 7.40 5.20 4.70 4.10

30 9.30 5.60 5.10 4.50

35 11.90 7.20 6.50 5.60

40 13.80 8.40 7.80 6.60

45 16.30 9.70 8.50 7.30

50 17.90 11.10 9.80 8.30

55 18.40 11.70 10.60 9.20

60 20.70 12.80 12.0 10.50

65 13.70 12.80 11.20

70 14.90 13.70 12.40

75 16.20 15.00 13.60

80 17.90 16.40 14.80

85 17.90 16.20

90 19.30 17.80

95 20.40 19.20

100 21.80 21.20

105 22.50

110 23.90

115 25.60

204


Load in KN



0 0

First crack

load = 31.5 KN

Load @

failure =

57.5 KN

0


KN

Load @

failure = 86.0 KN

0

First crack

load = 65 KN

Load @

failure =

110 KN

0

First crack

load = 76 KN

Load @

failure =

122.5 KN

5 3.40 2.50 2.40 2.40

10 4.50 2.80 2.70 2.60

15 5.30 3.50 3.20 2.90

20 6.20 4.40 4.10 3.60

25 7.40 4.80 4.30 3.90

30 9.30 5.10 4.60 4.20

35 11.90 5.50 4.90 5.10

40 13.80 6.60 6.00 5.90

45 16.30 7.60 7.10 6.50

50 17.90 9.80 8.50 7.30

55 18.40 10.60 9.50 8.10

60 20.70 11.70 10.60 8.60

65 12.90 11.80 9.20

70 14.00 12.96 10.10

75 15.20 14.00 11.20

80 16.50 15.20 12.30

85 17.10 16.70 13.40

90 18.00 14.60

95 19.70 15.70

100 21.10 17.00

105 22.60 18.40

110 24.10 19.90

115 21.30

120 22.80

205


Load in KN



0 0

First crack

load = 53.5 KN

Load @

failure = 78.5 KN

0

First crack

load = 62 KN

Load @

failure = 90 KN

0

First crack

load = 71.5KN

Load @

failure = 105 KN

0

First crack

load = 82 KN

Load @

failure = 115 KN

5 2.50 2.30 2.30 2.20

10 3.30 3.10 2.70 2.40

15 4.20 3.50 3.10 2.90

20 4.80 3.80 3.40 3.20

25 5.40 4.30 3.70 3.50

30 6.10 5.00 4.30 3.80

35 7.0 5.70 4.80 4.20

40 8.60 6.40 5.20 4.60

45 9.80 7.20 6.00 4.90

50 10.60 8.50 6.90 5.40

55 11.30 9.10 8.10 5.90

60 12.90 10.30 9.20 7.50

65 14.30 11.50 10.20 8.10

70 15.90 12.90 11.30 9.00

75 17.30 13.80 12.40 10.20

80 15.30 13.90 11.30

85 16.60 14.80 12.60

90 17.90 16.20 13.90

95 17.60 15.10

100 19.10 16.40

105 20.70 17.80

110 19.40

206


Load in

KN



0 0


KN

Load @

failure =

78.5 KN

0

First crack load = 68

KN

Load @

failure = 96.5 KN

0

First crack load = 76

KN

Load @

failure = 112 KN

0

First crack load = 89 KN

Load @

failure = 122.5 KN

5 2.50 2.20 2.10 2.00

10 3.30 2.70 2.40 2.20

15 4.20 3.10 2.70 2.50

20 4.80 3.40 3.00 2.80

25 5.40 3.80 3.20 3.10

30 6.10 4.40 3.80 3.40

35 7.00 4.90 4.20 3.80

40 8.60 5.50 5.00 4.00

45 9.80 5.90 5.40 4.20

50 10.60 7.00 5.90 4.70

55 11.30 7.60 6.50 5.10

60 12.90 8.50 7.60 5.60

65 14.30 9.60 8.70 6.10

70 15.90 10.80 9.30 6.70

75 17.30 11.70 10.00 7.50

80 12.90 10.90 8.60

85 14.30 12.10 9.80

90 15.70 13.30 11.00

95 17.20 14.50 12.40

100 15.60 13.80

105 16.80 15.20

110 18.20 16.40

115 17.90

120 19.40

125 20.70

207

Table 4.8.7. - load deflection characteristics for SFRC-MK beams of M50 grade with fibres (AR-60)

Load in

KN



0 0

First crack

load = 33.5

KN

0

First crack

load = 66

KN

0

First crack

load = 80.5

KN

0

First crack

load = 97.5

KN

5 2.60 2.30 2.30 2.20

10 3.50 2.80 2.50 2.40

15 4.60 3.10 2.70 2.70

20 5.50 3.30 2.90 3.00

25 6.30 3.70 3.10 3.20

30 7.10 4.20 3.50 3.50

35 8.30 4.70 3.80 3.80

40 9.40 5.10 4.10 4.10

45 10.50 5.60 4.70 4.30

50 11.80 6.40 5.30 4.70

55 13.90 7.30 6.10 5.00

60 15.20 8.50 6.80 5.80

65 17.00 9.60 7.70 6.50

70 10.70 8.50 7.20

208

75

Load @

failure = 65

KN

11.90

Load @

failure =

99.5 KN

9.60

Load @

failure =

118.5 KN

8.10

Load @

failure = 133

KN

80 13.10 10.80 9.20

85 14.40 11.80 10.30

90 15.80 12.90 11.50

95 17.00 14.10 12.60

100 18.20 15.30 13.80

105 16.50 14.90

110 17.80 16.20

115 19.00 17.50

120 18.40

125 19.70

130 21.66

209


Load in

KN



0 0

First crack

load = 33.5

KN

0

First crack

load =

72.5KN

0

First crack

load = 89

KN

0

First crack

load = 98

KN

5 2.60 2.20 2.10 2.10

10 3.50 2.50 2.30 2.20

15 4.60 2.80 2.50 2.30

20 5.50 3.10 2.80 2.60

25 6.30 3.30 3.00 2.70

30 7.10 3.80 3.40 3.00

35 8.30 4.20 3.70 3.20

40 9.40 4.70 3.90 3.50

45 10.50 5.00 4.30 3.80

50 11.80 5.70 4.60 4.10

55 13.90 6.10 4.90 4.30

60 15.20 6.80 5.50 4.80

65 17.00 7.70 6.20 5.10

70 8.60 6.80 5.60

210

75

Load @

failure =

65 KN

9.70

Load @

failure =

108 KN

7.50

Load @

failure =

129 KN

6.40

Load @

failure =

140 KN

80 10.60 8.20 7.20

85 11.60 8.90 8.00

90 12.80 9.70 8.90

95 13.90 11.00 10.00

100 15.30 11.90 11.10

105 16.60 13.00 12.30

110 17.90 14.20 13.50

115 15.50 14.60

120 16.60 15.80

125 17.90 17.10

130 19.20 18.50

135 19.80

211

Table 4.8.9. Ultimate flexural strength and deflection at ultimate flexural strength of SFRC & SFRC-MK beams

of M20 and M50 grade

Grade of

concrete

Type of mix

Ultimate flexural strength SFRC and

SFRC-MK beams (KN)

Deflections at maximum ultimate flexural

strength of SFRC and SFRC-MK beams (mm)

0% 0.50% 1.0% 1.5% 0% 0.50% 1.0% 1.5%

M20

SFRC (1.5-60) 66.50 76.50 90.50 101.8 19.30 19.70 22.70 23.10

SFRC (1.5-80) 66.50 78.50 96.0 106.0 19.30 18.16 21.90 22.80

SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 57.50 82.50 100.50 114 20.70 17.90 21.80 25.60

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 57.50 86.0 110.0 122.5 20.70 17.10 22.60 21.30

M50

SFRC (1.5-60) 78.50 90 103.50 115.0 17.30 17.90 20.60 20.90

SFRC (1.5-80) 78.50 96.50 112.0 122.50 17.20 17.90 19.50 20.38

SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 65.0 99.5 118.50 133 17.00 18.20 19.00 21.60

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 65.0 108.0 129.0 140 17.00 16.60 17.90 19.80

212

TABLE 4.9. LOAD DEFLECTION CHARACTERISTICS FOR SFRC AND SFRC-MK SLABS OF M20

AND M50 GRADE

Table 4.9.1. Load deflection characteristics of SFRC slabs of M20 grade with fibres (AR-80)

Load in

KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced concrete slabs of M20 grade in mm


0 0

First crack

load =

122.5 KN

Load @

failure =

195 KN

0

First crack

load =

147.5 KN

Load @

failure = 228

KN

0

First crack

load =

162.5 KN

Load @

failure =

242 KN

0

First crack

load =

178 KN

Load @

failure = 259

KN

15 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.05

30 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.15

45 0.40 0.30 0.25 0.20

60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.25

75 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.35

90 0.80 0.60 0.50 0.45

105 1.30 0.9 0.70 0.60

120 2.10 1.3 0.90 0.80

135 3.10 1.8 1.40 1.10

150 4.40 2.6 1.60 1.30

165 5.60 3.5 2.0 1.50

180 7.80 4.6 2.90 1.80

195 10.20 5.8 3.70 2.20

210 6.9 4.60 2.80

225 8.0 5.80 3.80

240 9.20 7.0 4.90

255 8.60 6.20

270 7.40

213

Table 4.9.2. Load deflection characteristics of SFRC-MK slabs of M20 grade with fibres (AR-80)

Load in

KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced Metakaolin concrete slabs of M20 grade in mm


0 0

First crack

load =

97 KN

Load @

failure = 167

KN

0

First crack

load =

151 KN

Load @

failure = 225

KN

0

First crack

load =

169.5 KN

Load @

failure =

250 KN

0

First crack

load =

187.5 KN

Load @

failure = 269

KN

15 0.30 0.15 0.15 0.10

30 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.15

45 0.60 0.25 0.25 0.20

60 0.75 0.35 0.30 0.25

75 1.00 0.40 0.35 0.30

90 1.70 0.60 0.50 0.40

105 2.50 0.90 0.70 0.50

120 3.90 1.30 1.00 0.80

135 5.40 1.80 1.30 0.90

150 6.90 2.60 1.70 1.10

165 8.30 3.40 2.30 1.30

180 4.20 3.00 1.70

195 5.30 3.80 2.10

210 6.40 4.70 2.50

225 7.70 5.80 3.00

240 6.90 3.60

255 8.10 4.90

270 6.20

214

Table 4.9.3. Load deflection characteristics of SFRC slabs of M50 grade with fibres (AR-80)

Load in

KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced concrete slabs of M20 grade in mm


0 0

First crack

load = 219 KN

Load @

failure =

315 KN

0

First crack load =

237.5 KN

Load @ failure =

344 KN

0

First crack load =

244.5 KN

Load @ failure =

354 KN

0


KN

Load @ failure = 373

KN

15 0.15 0.08 0.05 0.05

30 0.30 0.15 0.15 0.10

45 0.40 0.25 0.20 0.15

60 0.50 0.30 0.25 0.20

75 0.70 0.50 0.35 0.30

90 1.10 0.70 0.50 0.40

105 1.70 1.00 0.75 0.60

120 2.40 1.40 1.00 0.80

135 3.80 2.00 1.30 1.00

150 4.30 2.20 1.60 1.20

165 5.10 2.90 2.00 1.50

180 6.00 4.00 2.60 1.90

195 7.20 4.50 3.30 2.20

210 8.60 6.20 4.00 2.70

225 10.00 7.90 4.90 3.20

240 11.70 9.00 5.80 3.70

255 13.00 10.10 6.70 4.50

270 14.40 11.20 7.90 5.30

285 15.70 12.50 9.10 6.40

300 16.90 13.40 10.30 7.30

315 18.20 14.70 11.60 8.50

330 15.90 12.80 9.80

345 17.40 14.10 11.00

360 15.50 12.30

375 13.60

215

Table 4.9.4. Load deflection characteristics of SFRC-MK slabs of M50 grade with fibres (AR-80)

Load in

KN

Deflection of steel fibre reinforced Metakaolin concrete slabs of M20 grade in mm


0 0

First crack

load = 143

KN

0

First crack

load =

267.5 KN

0

First crack

load =

276.5 KN

0

First crack

load = 300.5

KN

15 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.10

30 0.30 0.25 0.25 0.20

45 0.50 0.35 0.30 0.25

60 0.60 0.45 0.40 0.30

75 0.90 0.70 0.60 0.50

90 1.30 0.90 0.70 0.70

105 1.90 1.20 1.10 1.00

120 2.70 1.80 1.50 1.30

135 4.10 2.40 2.10 1.80

150 4.80 2.70 2.30 2.00

165 5.50 3.80 3.40 2.80

180 6.70 5.10 4.50 3.70

195 8.30 6.50 5.60 4.35

210 9.40 7.40 7.80 5.10

225 10.80 9.20 8.00 6.30

216

240 12.90

Load @

failure =

264 KN

10.90

Load @

failure =

372 KN

9.30

Load @

failure =

387 KN

7.40

Load @

failure =

410 KN

255 14.80 12.20 10.50 8.20

270 16.30 13.70 11.50 9.10

285 14.70 12.70 10.00

300 15.90 13.80 11.20

315 17.30 14.90 12.40

330 18.50 16.20 13.70

345 19.90 17.50 14.90

360 21.40 18.80 16.30

375 20.30 17.40

390 18.70

405 19.90

420 20.40

217

Table 4.9.5. Ultimate load and deflection at ultimate load of SFRC & SFRC-MK slabs of M20 and M50 grade

Grade of


Ultimate load SFRC and SFRC-MK

slabs (KN)

Deflections at maximum ultimate load of

SFRC and SFRC-MK slabs (mm)

0% 0.50% 1.0% 1.5% 0% 0.50% 1.0% 1.5%

M20

SFRC (1.5-60) 195.0 211 231 249 10.20 9.70 8.60 7.70

SFRC (1.5-80) 195.0 228 242 259 10.20 10.50 7.0 6.20

SFRC-MK (1.5-60) 167.0 225 250 269 10.90 7.70 5.80 4.90

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 167.0 238 255 275 10.90 6.50 4.60 3.80

M50

SFRC (1.5-80) 315.0 344 354 373 18.20 17.40 15.50 13.60

SFRC-MK (1.5-80) 264 372 387 410 16.30 22.80 21.60 20.40

218

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

Fig 1.0 Relation between workability of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade

in terms of compacting factor and fibre content

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)C

om

pacti

ng

fa

cto

r

Fiber content(%)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

0.72

0.74

0.76

0.78

0.80

0.82

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.90

Fig 2.0 Relation between workability of SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes

of M50 grade in terms of compacting factor and fiber content

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

Co

mp

acti

ng

facto

r

Fiber content(%)

219

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


of M20 grade in terms of slump and fiber content

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-mk(AR-60)

SFRC-mk(AR-80)

Slu

mp

(mm

)

Fiber content(%)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120


of M50 grade in terms of Vee-Bee time and fibre content

Ve

e-B

ee t

ime(s

ec

)

Fibre content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

220

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0


of M20 grade in terms of compacting factor and fibre content

Co

mp

acti

ng

facto

r

Fibre content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130


of M50 grade in terms of Vee-Bee time and fiber content

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

Ve

e-B

ee t

ime

(se

c)

Fiber content(%)

221

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fig 7.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC

mixes of M20 grade and fibre content

Co

mp

ress

ive

str

en

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber content(%)

(SFRC(AR-60)@ 7 days)



( SFRC(AR-80)@ 7 days)



0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fig 8.0 Variation of compressive strength of SFRC Mixes @ 28 days of

M20 Grade with variation in fiber factor

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

C S @ 28 DAYS

222

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

30.5

31.0

31.5

32.0

32.5

33.0

33.5

34.0

34.5

Fig 9.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC Mix

of M20 Grade and fiber factor(showing the trend line)

C S(M20)

Linear(C S)

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Fig 10.0 Relation between compressive strength

of SFRC(M50) and fiber factor at 28 days

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

994.0

)(097.4)(

2

r

F cpredictedc

223

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Fig 11.0 Variation of compressive strength of SFRC Mixes of

M50 Grade @ 28 days with variation in fiber factor

Co

mp

ress

ive

str

en

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

C S @ 28 DAYS

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

Fig 12.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC Mix of

M50 Grade and fiber factor(showing the trend line)

C S(M50)

Linear(C S)

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

986.0

)(28.8)(

2

r

F cpredictedc

224

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fig 13.0 Variation of compressive strength of SFRC-MK Mixes of


Co

mp

res

siv

e s

tre

ng

th(M

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

C S(M20)@ 28 DAYS

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fig 14.0 Relation between compressive strength

of SFRC-MK(M20) and fiber factor at 28 days

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

C S(M20)

225

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

32.5

33.0

33.5

34.0

34.5

35.0

35.5

36.0

36.5

37.0

Fig 15.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC-MK Mix


C S(M20)

Linear(C S)

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Fig 16.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC-MK

mixes of M50 grade and fibre content

Co

mp

res

siv

e s

tre

ng

th(M

Pa

)

Fibre content(%)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)@ 7 days






982.0

)(95.3)(

2

r

F cpredictedc

226

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

Fig 17.0 Relation between compressive strength of SFRC-MK mixes

of M50 grade and fibre factor(showing the trend line)

C S(M50)

Data1B

Co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fibre factor(F)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fig 18.0 Relation between split tensile strength of

SFRC mixes of M20 grade and fibre content

Sp

litt

ing

ten

sile s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fibre content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

991.0

)(097.2)(

2

r

F stpredictedst

227

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

Fig 19.0 Relation between split tensile strength of SFRC Mix


SPL.T S(M20)

Linear(SPL.T S)

Sp

lit t

ensi

le s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

1

2

3

4

5

Fig 20.0 Variation of split tensile strength of SFRC Mixes

of M20 Grade @ 28 days with variation in fiber factor

Sp

lit

ten

sil

e s

tre

ng

th(M

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

SPL.T S(M20)

991.0

)(097.2)(

2

r

F stpredictedst

228

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Fig 21.0 Relation between splitting tensile strength

0f SFRC-MK OF M50 Grade in terms of fiber factor

Sp

litti

ng

ten

sile

str

eng

th(M

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

SPL.T S(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

Fig 22.0 Relation between split tensile strength of SFRC Mix


SPL.T S(M50)

Linear(SPL.T S)

Sp

lit

ten

sile s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

229

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fig 23.0 Relation between splitting tensile strength of

SFRC Of M50 grade and fibre factor(showing the trend line)

Sp

litt

ing

ten

sil

e s

tre

ng

th(M

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

SPL.T S(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Fig 24.0 Relation between split tensile strength of SFRC-MK Mix

of M20 Grade and fibre factor(showing the trend line)

SPL.T S(M20)

Linear(SPL.T S)

Sp

lit

ten

sile

str

en

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

993.0

)(125.2)(

2

r

F stpredictedst

230

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

1

2

3

4

5

Fig 25.0 Variation in split tensile strength of SFRC-MK Mixes of


Sp

lit

ten

sile

str

en

gth

(M2

0)

Fiber factor(F)

SPL.T S(M20)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Fig 26.0 Relation between split tensile strength of SFRC-MK

mixes of M20 & M50 grade and fibre content

Sp

litt

ing

ten

sile s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fibre content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

231

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Fig 27.0 Variation in split tensile strength of SFRC-MK Mixes of


Sp

lit

ten

sile s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

SPL.T S(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

Fig 28.0 Relation between split tensile strength of SFRC-MK Mix


SPL.T S(M50)

Linear(SPL.T S)

Sp

lit

ten

sile s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

982.0

)(30.3)(

2

r

F stpredictedst

232

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

Fig 29.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC Mix of


MOR(M20)

Linear(MOR)

Mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Fig 30.0 Variation of modulus of rupture of SFRC Mixes of

M20 & M50 Grade with variation in fiber content

Mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re(M

Pa)

Fiber content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

997.0

)(93.2)(

2

r

F rfpredictedrf

233

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fig 31.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC mixes

of M20 grade and fibre factor(showing the trend line)

Mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

M O R(M20)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

Fig 32.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC Mix of


MOR(M50)

Linear(MOR)

Mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re(M

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

992.0

)(32.4)(

2

r

F rfpredictedrf

234

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

2

4

6

8

Fig 33.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of

SFRC(M50)and fiber factor

Mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re(M

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

M O R(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fig 34.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of

SFRC-MK of M20 grade in terms of fiber factor

Mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

M O R(M20))

235

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fig 35.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC-MK mixes

of M20 grade and fibre factor

Mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re(M

Pa)

Fibre factor(F)

M O R(M20)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

Fig 36.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC-MK Mix


MOR(M20)

Linear(MOR)

Mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re(M

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

992.0

)(127.3)(

2

r

F rfpredictedrf

236

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

6

7

8

9

10

Fig 37.0 Relation between modulus of rupture of SFRC-MK Mix


MOR(M50)

Linear(MOR)

Mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

2

4

6

8

10

Fig 38.0 Variation of modulus of rupture of SFRC-MK Mixes of


Mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

(MP

a)

Fiber factor(F)

M O R(M50)

992.0

)(47.4(

2

)

r

F rfpredictedrf

237

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Fig 39.0 Variation of modulus of elasticity of SFRC Mixes of


Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa)

Fiber content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25



Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

M O E(M20)

238

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

24.0

24.5

25.0

25.5

26.0

26.5

27.0

27.5

Fig 41.0 Relation between modulus of elasticity of SFRC Mix


MOE(M20)

Linear(MOE)

Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40



Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

M O E(M50)

990.0

)(47.4(

2

)

r

F EpredictedE

239

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

34

35

36

37

38

39

Fig 43.0 Relation between modulus of elasticity of SFRC mixes of

M50 grade and fibre factor(showing the trend line)

M O E(M50)

Data1B

Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa

)

Fibre factor(F)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Fig 44.0 Variation of modulus of elasticity of SFRC-MK Mixes of


Mo

du

lus o

f ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa)

Fiber content(%)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

240

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25

30



Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

M O E(M20)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

25.0

25.5

26.0

26.5

27.0

27.5

28.0

Fig 46.0 Relation between modulus of elasticity of SFRC-MK Mix


MOE(M20)

Linear(MOE)

Mo

du

lus o

f ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa)

Fiber factor(F)

983.0

)(68.2(

2

)

r

F EpredictedE

241

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40



Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

M O E(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

36

37

38

39

40

41

Fig 48.0 Relation between modulus of elasticity of SFRC-MK Mix


MOE(M50)

Linear(MOE)

Mo

du

lus

of

ela

sti

cit

y(G

Pa

)

Fiber factor(F)

993.0

)(51.4(

2

)

r

F EpredictedE

242

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Fig 49.0 Variation of impact resistance(No.of blows) of SFRC Mixes of


Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(N

o.o

f b

low

s)

Fiber content(%)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)(1 st crack)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)(failure)







0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

50

100

150

200

Fig 50.0 Variation of impact resistance(No.of blows) of SFRC Mixes of


Imp

ac

t re

sis

tan

ce

(No

.of

blo

ws

)@ f

ail

ure

Fiber factor(F)

I R(M20)

243

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0

50

100

150

200

250

Fig 51.0 Relation between impact resistance(number of blows) of SFRC

Mix of M20 Grade and fiber factor(showing the trend line)

I R(M20)

Linear(I R)

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(n

um

ber

of

blo

ws)

Fiber factor(F)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

100

200

300

400

500

Fig 52.0 Variation of impact resistance(No.of blows) of SFRC

Mixes of M50 Grade with variation in fiber factor

Imp

ac

t re

sis

tan

ce

(No

.of

blo

ws

)@ f

ail

ure

Fiber factor(F)

I R(M50)

993.0

)(243(

2

)

r

F IpredictedI

244

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0

100

200

300

400

500

Fig 53.0 Relation between impact resistance(number of blows) of SFRC


I R(M50)

Linear(I R)

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(n

um

ber

of

blo

ws)

Fiber factor(F)

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

900

Fig 54.0 Variation of impact resistance of SFRC-MK Mixes

of M20 & M50 Grade with variation in fiber content

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(N

o.o

f b

low

s)@

failu

re

Fiber content(%)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)@ Failure




994.0

)(523(

2

)

r

F IpredictedI

245

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Fig 55.0 Variation of impact resistance(No.of blows) of SFRC-MK Mixes

of M20 Grade @ failure with variation in fiber factor

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(N

o.o

f b

low

s)@

failu

re

Fiber factor(F)

I R(M20)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0

100

200

300

400

Fig 56.0 Relation between impact resistance(number of blows) of SFRC-MK


I R(M20)

Linear(I R)

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(n

um

ber

of

blo

ws)

Fiber factor(F)

998.0

)(461(

2

)

r

F IpredictedI

246

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.80

200

400

600

800

Fig 57.0 Variation of impact resistance(No.of blows) of SFRC-MK Mixes

of M50 Grade with variation in fiber factor

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(N

o.o

f b

low

s)@

failu

re

Fiber factor(F)

I R(M50)

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Fig 58.0 Relation between impact resistance(number of blows)of SFRC-MK


I R(M50)

Linear(I R)

Imp

act

resis

tan

ce(N

o.o

f b

low

s)

Fiber factor(F)

995.0

)(956(

2

)

r

F IpredictedI

247

20 40 60 80 100 1200

5

10

15

20

25

Fig 59.0 Percentage loss in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes

of M20 Grade after immersion in 5% HCL for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Perc

en

tag

e lo

ss in

co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC

SFRC(AR-60)(1.5% Fibres)


SFRC-MK(AR-60)(1.5% Fibres)


20 40 60 80 100 1200

10

20

30

40

Fig 60.0 Percentage loss in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC &

SFRC-MK mixes of M20 grade when immersed in 5% H2SO

4 Solution

% L

os

s i

n c

om

pre

ss

ive

str

en

gth

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





248

20 40 60 80 100 1200

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Fig 61.0 Percentage loss in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes

of M50 Grade after immersion in 5% HCL for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Perc

en

tag

e lo

ss in

co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

20 40 60 80 100 1200

5

10

15

20

25

Fig 62.0 Percentage loss in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK

Mixes of M50 Grade after immersion in 5% H2SO

4 for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Perc

en

tag

e lo

ss in

co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC

SFRC(AR-60)

SFRC(AR-80)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)

249

20 40 60 80 100 1200

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Fig 63.0 Percentage increase in resistance of MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of

M20 & M50 Grade after immersion in 5% HCL for 30,60,90 & 120 days

when compared with their respective OPCC Mixes

% i

ncre

ase in

re

sis

tan

ce t

o c

om

pre

ssiv

e s

tren

gth

Days of immersion

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

20 40 60 80 100 1200

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Fig 64.0 Percentage increase in resistance of MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes

of M20 & M50 Grade after immersion in 5% H2SO

4 for 30,60,90 & 120

days when compared with their respective OPCC Mixes

% in

crea

se in

res

ista

nce

of

com

pre

ssiv

e st

ren

gth

Days of immersion

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

250

20 40 60 80 100 1200

2

4

6

8

10

Fig 65.0 Percentage loss in weight of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes

of M20 grade when immersed in 5% HCL for 30,60,90 & 120 days

% L

os

s i

n w

eig

ht

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





20 40 60 80 100 1200

5

10

15

20

25

30

35


of M20 grade when immersed in 5% H2SO

4 Solution for 30,60,90 & 120 days

% L

os

s i

n w

eig

ht

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





251

20 40 60 80 100 1200

2

4

6

8

10


of M50 grade when immersed in 5% HCL for 30,60,90 & 120 days.

% L

oss in

weig

ht

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





20 40 60 80 100 1200

5

10

15

20

25



4 solution for 30,60,90 & 120 days

% L

oss i

n w

eig

ht

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





252

20 40 60 80 100 1200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Fig 69.0 Acid durability factors of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes

of M20 grade when immersed in 5% HCL solution for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Ac

id d

ura

bil

ity f

ac

tor

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





20 40 60 80 100 1200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


of M20 grade when immersed in 5% H2SO4 solution for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Acid

du

rab

ilit

y f

acto

r

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





253

20 40 60 80 100 1200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


of M50 grade when immersed in 5% HCL solution for 30.60.90 & 120 days

Acid

du

rab

ilit

y f

acto

r

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





20 40 60 80 100 1200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100



4 solution for 30,60,90 & 120 days

Ac

id d

ura

bilit

y f

ac

tor

Days of immersion

OPCC

MKC





254

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fig 73.0 Variation in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes

of M20 grade with variation in temperature at 2000C,400

0C, & 600

0C

Re

sid

ua

l co

mp

ress

ive

str

en

gth

(MP

a)

Temperature in 0C

OPCC

MKC





0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Fig 74.0 Variation of compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of

M20 grade after exposing to elevated temperatures and alternately cooled @ 2000C,400

0C&600

0C

Resid

ual co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Temperature in 0C

OPCC @ elevated temperature

OPCC after cooling

MKC @ elevated temperature

MKC after cooling

SFRC(AR-60) @ elevated temperature

SFRC after cooling

SFRC-MK(AR-80) @ elevated temperature

SFRC(AR-80) after cooling


SFRC-MK(AR-60)after cooling


SFRC-MK(AR-80)after cooling

255

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Fig 75.0 Variation of compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of

M50 grade with variation in temperature @ 2000C, 400

0C & 600

0C

Resid

ual co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Temperature in 0C

OPCC

MKC





0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Fig 76.0 Variation in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK mixes of

M50 grade when exposed to elevated temperature and alternately cooled @ 2000C,400

0C&600

0C

Resid

ual co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(MP

a)

Temperature in 0C

OPCC @ elevated temperature

OPCC after cooling

MKC @ elevated temperature

MKC after cooling

SFRC(AR-60)@ elevated temperature

SFRC(AR-60)After cooling

SFRC(AR-80)@ elevated temperature


SFRC-MK(AR-60)@ elevated temperature


SFRC-MK(AR-80)@ elevated temperature

SFRC-MK(AR-80) after cooling

256

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Fig 77.0 Variation of % weight loss of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of M20 & M50

Grade with variation in temperature @ 2000C,400

0C & 600

0C by using fibers

of aspect ratio 60 & 80

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(20-60)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC(20-80)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-60)

SFRC-MK(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

SFRC-MK(50-80)

% W

eig

ht

loss

Temperature in 0C

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Fig 78.0 Variation of % weight loss of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of M20 & M50 Grade

with variation in temperature @ 2000c,400

0c & 600

0c by using fibers of aspect

ratio 60 & 80

% W

eig

ht

los

s

Temperature in 0C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(20-60)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC(20-80)

SFRC(50-80)

SFRC-MK(20-60)

SFRC-MK(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

257

0 100 200 300 400 500 6000

1000

2000

3000

4000

Fig 79.0 Variation in pulse velocity of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of M20 & M50 Grade

with variation in temperature @ 2000C,400

0C & 600

0C by using fibers of aspect

ratio 60 & 80

Pu

lse

ve

loc

ity(m

/s)

Temperature in 0C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(20-60)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC(20-80)

SFRC(50-80)

SFRC-MK(20-60)

SFRC-MK(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

SFRC-MK(50-80)

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Fig 80.0 % increase/decrease in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of M20 & M50 Grade

with variation in 0,28,90 & 180 thermal cycles when exposed to 500C by using fibers of

aspect ratio 60 & 80

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(20-60)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC(20-80)

SFRC(50-80)

SFRC-MK(20-60)

SFRC-MK(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

SFRC-MK(50-80)

Incre

ase/d

ecre

ase in

co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(%)

Number of thermal cycles

258

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Fig 81.0 % increase/decrease in compressive strength of OPCC,MKC,SFRC & SFRC-MK Mixes of M20 & M50 Grade

with variation in 0,28,90 & 180 thermal cycles @ 1000C by using fibers of aspect ratio 60 & 80

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(20-60)

SFRC(50-60)

SFRC(20-80)

SFRC(50-80)

SFRC-MK(20-60)

SFRC-MK(50-60)

SFRC-MK(20-80)

SFRC-MK(50-80)

Incre

ase/d

ecre

ase in

co

mp

ressiv

e s

tren

gth

(%)

Number of thermal cycles

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Fig 82.0 % Variation in split tensile strength of various mixes of M20 & M50

grade at 28, 90 & 180 thermal cycles when exposed to 500C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

% V

ari

ati

on

in

sp

lit

ten

sil

e s

tre

ng

th

Thermal cycles

259

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

Fig 83.0 % Variation in split tensile strength of various mixes of M20 & M50)

grade at 28, 90 & 180 thermal cycles when exposed to 1000C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

% V

ari

ati

on

in

sp

lit

ten

sile s

tren

gth

Thermal cycles

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Fig 84.0 % Variation of modulus of rupture of various mixes of M20 & M50 grade

at 0, 28, 90 and 180 thermal cycles when exposed to 500C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

% V

aria

tio

n in

mo

du

lus

of

rup

ture

Thermal cycles

260

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Fig 85.0 % Variation of modulus of rupture of various mixes of M20

and M50 grade at 0,28,90 & 180 thermal cycles at 1000C

OPCC(M20)

OPCC(M50)

MKC(M20)

MKC(M50)

SFRC(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(M50)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(M50)

% V

ari

ati

on

in

mo

du

lus o

f ru

ptu

re

Thermal cycles

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

Fig 86.0 Comparison of first crack load and ultimate fiexural load of

SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams of M20 Grade using fibres of aspect ratio 60 & 80

Lo

ad

(KN

)

Deflection(mm)

SFRC(M20)(60)(0-1.5ibres)(First crack)

SFRC(M20)(60)(0-1.5% Fibers)(ultimate)

SFRC(AR-80)(0-1.5% Fibers)(first crack)

SFRC(AR-80)(0-1.5% Fibers)(ultimate)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(0-1.5% Fibers)(first crack)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(0-1.5% Fibers)(ultimate)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(0-1.5% Fibers)(first crack)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(0-1.5% Fibers)(ulimate)

261

-0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.60

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

Fig 87.0 Comparison of first crack and ultimate flexural load of SFRC

& SFRC-MK Beams of M50 Grade using fibres of aspect ratio 60 & 80

Lo

ad

(KN

)

Deflection(mm)

SFRC(M50)(AR-60)(First crack)

SFRC(M50)(AR-60)(ultimate)

SFRC(M50)(AR-80)(First crack)

SFRC(M50)(AR-80)(ultimate)

SFRC-MK(M50)(AR-60)(First crack)

SFRC-MK(M50)(AR-60)(ultimate)

SFRC-MK(M50)(AR-80)(First crack)

SFRC-MK(M50)(AR-80)(ultimate)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Fig 88.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams

of M20 Grade using fibres of aspect ratio 60

OPCC(M20)

SFRC(AR-60)(0.5% Fibers)



MKC(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-60)(0.5% Fibers)



Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

262

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

0 5 10 15 20 25

Fig 89.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams of

M20 Grade using fibres of aspect ratio 80

OPCC(M20)




MKC(M20)




Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Fig 89A.0 Load-deflection characteristics of SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams

of M20 Grade using fibres of aspect ratio 60 & 80

OPCC(M20)




MKC(M20)




Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

263

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 5 10 15 20 25

Fig 90.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams of


OPCC(M50)




MKC(M50)




Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

Fig 91.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK Beams


OPCC(M50)




MKC(M50)




Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

264

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Fig 92.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK slabs of


OPCC(M20)

SFRC(AR-80)(0.5% fibres)



MKC(M20)

SFRC-MK(AR-80)(0.5% fibres)



Deflection(mm)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

0 5 10 15 20 25

Fig 93.0 Load-deflection curves of SFRC & SFRC-MK Slabs


OPCC(M50)




MKC(M50)




Fiber content(%)

Lo

ad

(KN

)

4.0 experimental results & graphical behaviour of...

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