Expressions used:

now at the/this moment this… at present tomorrow

Inglês2011/2012

Cidália Alves

Escola Secundária de Caldas das TaipasCCURSOURSO P PROFISSIONALROFISSIONAL DEDE T TÉCNICOÉCNICO DEDE A APOIOPOIO ÀÀ I INFÂNCIANFÂNCIA – 11º – 11º ANOANO – T – TURMAURMA M M

English worksheet no 5Module 4 – The media and global communication

VERB TENSES: Simple Present, Present Continuous, Simple Past, Past Continuous,

Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous

We use the Simple Present to:- describe routines and regular/habitual actions or permanent states;- express a present state or a truth (scientific actions or facts).

To form the affirmative form we use the infinitive without to (love) and to form the 3rd person singular in the affirmative form we add s but:- vowel + y - add s- consonant + y - i and add es- o, ss, sh, ch, x - add es

In the negative and interrogative we use the auxiliary To do , in the Simple Present ( do or does ):

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + main verb subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb

(don't / doesn't) (infinitive)auxiliary verb + subject + main verb ?(do / does) (infinitive)

I workYou workHe / She / It worksWe workYou workThey work

I don't workYou don't workHe / She / It doesn't workWe don't workYou don't workThey don't work

Do I work?Do you work?Does he / she / it work?Do we work?Do you work?Do they work?

We use the Present Continuous to:- describe actions happening now (at the moment of speaking);- describe repeated and annoying actions;- express fixed arrangements in the near future (arranged previously).

To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To be , in the Simple Present, and the gerund of the main verb (infinitive + ing ):

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + auxiliary + main verb (am/are/is) (gerund)

subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb (am/are/is not) (gerund)

auxiliary verb + subj. + main verb ? (am/are/is) (gerund)

I am workingYou are workingHe / She / It is workingWe are workingYou are workingThey are working

I'm not workingYou aren't workingHe / She / It isn't workingWe aren't workingYou aren't workingThey aren't working

Am I working?Are you working?Is he / she / it working?Are we working?Are you working?Are they working?

Expressions used:always usually often sometimes never frequently rarely every…

Simple Present

Present Continuous

We use the Simple Past to:- talk about past actions, finished at a definite time;- describe regular actions in the past;- express something that you think is unlikely to happen.

To form the affirmative form we have to make a distinction between regular and irregular verbs:

Regular verbs:- add ed to the infinitive but:- ending in e - add d only- vowel + y - add ed- consonant + y - i and add ed

Irregular verbs:(2nd column of the list)

In the negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To do , in the Simple Past ( did ), both for regular and irregular verbs:

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + main verb subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb

(didn't) (infinitive)auxiliary verb + subject + main verb ? (did) (infinitive)

I worked / cameYou workedHe / She / It workedWe workedYou workedThey worked

I didn't work / comeYou didn't workHe / She / It didn't workWe didn't workYou didn't workThey didn't work

Did I work / come?Did you work?Did he / she / it work?Did we work?Did you work?Did they work?

We use the Past Continuous to:- describe an action happening at a particular time in the past;- describe actions taking place at the same time in the past;- describe an event which was happening when another one happened (the action in course was

interrupted by another one in the past) (something was happening when something else happened // while something was happening something else happened).

To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To be , in the Simple Past, and the gerund of the main verb (infinitive + ing ):

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + auxiliary + main verb (was/were) (gerund)

subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb (was/were not) (gerund)

auxiliary verb + subj. + main verb ? (was/were) (gerund)

I was workingYou were workingHe / She / It was workingWe were workingYou were workingThey were working

I wasn't workingYou weren't workingHe / She / It wasn't workingWe weren't workingYou weren't workingThey weren't working

Was I working?Were you working?Was he / she / it working?Were we working?Were you working?Were they working?

Expressions used:yesterday… agolast…

Expressions used: She was sleeping when the accident happened. when while While she was sleeping, the accident happened.

Simple Past

Past Continuous

We use the Present Perfect to:- describe actions which started in the past and continue to the present, with results in the present.

Ex: I have eaten eggs for breakfast since I was a child. Where’s the key? I don’t know. I’ve lost it. (I haven’t got it now.)

- talk about a recent action.Ex: The road is closed. There has been an accident.

To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To have , in the Simple Present, and the past participle (3 rd column (irregular verbs) or ed (regular verbs)):

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + auxiliary + main verb (has/have) (p.p.)

subject + auxiliary (neg) + main verb (has/have not) (p.p.)

auxiliary verb + subj. + main verb ? (has/have) (p.p.)

I have workedYou have workedHe / She / It has workedWe have workedYou have workedThey have worked

I haven't workedYou haven't workedHe / She / It hasn't workedWe haven't workedYou haven't workedThey haven't worked

Have I worked?Have you worked?Has he / she / it worked?Have we worked?Have you worked?Have they worked?

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to:- describe an action which ended recently, with a close relation to the present time;

Ex: You’re out of breath. Have you been running? (you are out of breath now)- Is it raining? - No, but the ground is wet. It has been raining.

- describe actions which started in the past and are still happening. Ex: Where have you been? I have been looking for you for an hour.

It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining. It has been raining for two hours.

The Present Perfect Continuous is usually used with for and since to describe repeated actions, expressing anger or criticism .For (há) Since(desde)

two hours a week 8 o’clock 197720 minutes 50 years Monday Christmasfive days a long time 12 May lunchtime

six months ages April he was at school

To form the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms we use the auxiliary To have , in the Simple Present, plus the past participle of the verb To be ( been ) and the main verb in the gerund ( -ing ):

Affirmative Negative Interrogativesubject + auxiliary + been + main verb (has/have) (p.p. to be) (ing)

Subj. + auxiliary in the neg.+ been + main verb (hasn’t/haven’t) (p.p. to be) (ing)

auxiliary verb + subj.+ been + main verb? (has/have) (p.p. to be) (ing)

I have been workingYou have been workingHe / She / It has been workingWe have been workingYou have been workingThey have been working

I haven't been workingYou haven't been workingHe / She / It hasn't been workingWe haven't been workingYou haven't been workingThey haven't been working

Have I been working?Have you been working?Has he / she / it been working?Have we been working?Have you been working?Have they been working?

Still (até agora) - negative sentences (between the subject and the auxiliary verb)Yet (ainda) - negative and interrogative sentences(at the end of the sentence)Already (já) - affirmative and interrogative sentences (between the auxiliary verb and the main verb)For - + a period of time (durante/há) Since - + a point in time (desde)

Present Perfect

Expressions used:

ever (alguma vez) never

just (há pouco tempo/mesmo agora)

already yet still

since for this…

Present Perfect Continuous

Has Painted is the present perfect simple. The action is finished. We are interested in the result of the action, not in the action itself.Ex: The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. Ann has painted the ceiling.

Has been painting is the present perfect continuous.We are interested in the action. It doesn’t matter if the action was finished or not, but it is usually unfinished. Ex: Ann’s clothes are covered in paint. She has been painting the ceiling.

Complete the sentences with the Simple Present , the Present Continuous , the Simple Past , the Past

Continuous or the Present Perfect of the verbs in brackets and put the adverbs in the correct place.

1. Portuguese banks _______________ (to open) at 8 o'clock.

2. They always _______________ (to play) the piano in the evening.

3. Yesterday she ___________ (not/to be) in a good mood because she__________ (to lose) her keys.

4. Last year she _______________ (to spend) most of her time on the beach.

5. I _________________ (not/to eat) fish since I was eleven.

6. I ________________ (to listen) to music when you _______________ (to phone) last night.

7. ______________ (she/to go) to Spain two years ago?

8. She _______________ (usually/to go) to school by bus.

9. She ________________ (to give) him a watch yesterday but he _________________ (already/to lose) it.

10. I _________________ (not/to buy) a carpet yet.

11. He _________________ (to swim) three miles every day.

12. Let's go away! We _________________ (to be) here for more than half an hour.

13. Where _________________ (you/to go) for a holiday last year? I _____________ (go) to London.

14. She is very tired because she _________________ (not/to sleep) for two days.

15. My mother _________________ (just/to go) to the market.

16. Mr. Morgan is the tallest man I _________________ (ever/to know).

17. My mother _____________ (not/to like) vegetables and so we _____________ (not/to eat) soup very often.

18. She usually ________________ (to go) to work by car but this week she _______________ (to go) by bus.

19. Peter can't come to the phone right now. He _________________ (to have) a shower.

20. While they _________________ (to have) dinner, someone ______________ (to knock) at the door.

Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous of the verbs in

brackets. Put the adverbs in the correct place when necessary.

1. This room is a mess! What _________________ (you/to do) all day?

2. Look at that man over there. He _________________ (to stand) there for hours.

3. He _________________ (to clean) the windows and he _________________ (not/to finish) yet.

4. The magazine _________________ (to publish) a report on English-speakers. It’s excellent!

5. The teacher was late. When he arrived, the students said “We _________________ (to wait) for you for

half an hour, teacher!”.

6. The teacher was late. When he arrived, someone told him “The students _________________ (to wait)

for you for half an hour and then they have gone! You were so late!”.

7. They _________________ (to live) there for ages but they moved last week.

8. They _________________ (to live) here for ages and they love this place.

9. Peter _________________ (to finish) his book at last.

10. They _________________ (to queue) since midday and they are still waiting for their turn.

11. She _________________ (to wait) for one hour but she has left because they had to go to work.

12. He _________________ (to play) golf for ten years but then he stopped due to health problems.