4g niit presentation

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BY FEMINA THOMAS ROLL NO: 120001800696

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Page 1: 4G NIIT Presentation

BY

FEMINA THOMAS

ROLL NO: 120001800696

Page 2: 4G NIIT Presentation

In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of mobile phone

communications standards.

In March 2008, the International Telecommunications Union-Radio

communications sector(ITU-R) specified a set of requirements for 4G

standards, named the International Mobile Telecommunications

Advanced(IMT-Advanced) specification.

The based features of 4G are WiMAX, LTE.

4G provides mobile ultra-broadband Internet access, to laptops, to

Smartphone.

4G is based on IP Telephony, OFDMA, Multiplexing and access

schemes, advanced antenna systems for MIMO.

The word ‘MAGIC’ also refers to 4G technology which stands for

Mobile Multimedia.

Page 3: 4G NIIT Presentation

The International Telecommunication Union, originally founded as the

International Telegraph Union, is a specialized agency of the United

Nations which is responsible for information and communication

technologies.

ITU is based in Geneva, Switzerland, is a member of the United Nations

Development Group and its membership includes 193 Member States and

around 700 Sector Members and Associates.

The ITU comprises three sectors

• Radio communication (ITU-R)

• Standardization (ITU-T)

• Development (ITU-D)

Page 4: 4G NIIT Presentation

0G

1G

2G

3G

4G

5G

Also known as Mobile

Radio Telephone used in

cards and trucks, before

70’s.

In 70’s, first generation of

wireless telephones, used

analog signals. Voice only.

In 90’s, second generation

wireless telephone; digital

signals, for voice and SMS

services.

In 2000’s, also called Tri-

Band 3G. Provides Mobile

TV, Video Conferencing,

GPS.

Today, provides IP tele-

phony, high speed, voice,

video, wireless internet.

Since 2011, major phase of

mobile telecommunication

beyond 4G.

Page 5: 4G NIIT Presentation

ITU-R defined some requirements for an IMT-Advanced cellular

system that lead into 4G system, like:

Be based on an all-IP packet switched network.

Have peak data rates : 100 Mbit/s for high mobility, 1Gbit/s for low

mobility.

Be able to dynamically share and use the network resources.

Using scalable channel bandwidths of 5-20 MHz

Have peak link spectral efficiency.

System spectral efficiency.

Have high quality of service for next generation multimedia support.

Page 6: 4G NIIT Presentation

In March 2008, the International Telecommunications Union-Radio(ITU-

R) specified a set of requirements for 4G standards, named the

International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced(IMT-Advanced).

4G is only a standard established by ITU, same as that of IMT-Advanced.

4G is a name followed by the order of wireless telecommunications.

Features

1. Support interactive multimedia, voice, video, wireless internet and

other broadband services.

2. High speed, high capacity and low cost per bit.

3. Global mobility, service portability, scalable mobile networks.

4. Seamless switching, variety of services based on Quality of

Service(Qos) requirements.

5. Better scheduling and call admission control techniques.

6. Ad hoc networks and multi-hop networks.

Page 7: 4G NIIT Presentation

4G is a multi purpose and versatile technology. Main based technologies

of 4G are WiMAX and LTE. Others are OFDM, UMTS, SDR, MIMO,

TD-SCDMA.

1. WiMAX – Worldwide Interoperability of Microwave Access

WiMAX is a wireless communications standard designed to provide

30 to 40 megabit-per-second data rates.

Created by WiMAX Forum, describes as “ a standards-based

technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband

access as an alternative to cable and DSL ”.

Provide at-home or mobile Internet access across whole cities or

countries and high speed of data transfer rate.

Diminishes fears of lower bandwidth, narrow spectrum and amount of

data send/receive.

Page 8: 4G NIIT Presentation

2. LTE – Long Term Evolution

LTE is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data

for mobile phones and data terminals and Internet facility.

It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network

technologies.

3. CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access

CDMA is a channel access method used by various radio

communication technologies.

Allowing several transmitters to send information simultaneously

over a single communication channel.

Employs spread-spectrum technology: methods by which a signal

generated with a particular bandwidth is deliberately spread in the

frequency domain, resulting in a signal with a wider bandwidth.

Page 9: 4G NIIT Presentation

4. UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service

UMTS is a third generation mobile cellular system for networks based

on the GSM standard. UMTS is a component of the International

Telecommunications Union.

UMTS uses Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA)

radio access technology to offer greater spectral efficiency and

bandwidth to mobile network operators.

Also referred to as Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) or

3GSM.

This broadband technology transfers data in the form of frames or

packets. Hence it is capable of carrying voice, video, text and other

types of multimedia datagram with the speed of 2Mb.

5. OFDM - Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing

OFDM is a method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier

frequencies. OFDM has developed into a popular scheme for wideband

digital communication, whether wireless or over copper wires.

Page 10: 4G NIIT Presentation

Used in applications such as digital television and audio broadcasting,

DSL broadband internet access, wireless networks, and 4G mobile

communications.

To minimize the intervention among symbols and channels associated to

data streaming.

6. SDR – Software Defined Radio

Software Defined Radio(SDR) is only a radio in which the operating

parameters including inter alia frequency range, modulation type,

and/or output power limitations can be set or altered by software.

Therefore, SDR is just one of the implemental modules of the OWA

system.

OWA to ensure the single terminal can seamlessly and automatically

connect to the local high-speed wireless access systems when the

users are in the offices, homes, airports or shopping centers where the

wireless access networks are available.

Page 11: 4G NIIT Presentation

Advantages

* Greatly increase the spectrum efficiency

* Mostly ensure the highest data-rate to the wireless terminal

* Best share the network resources and channel utilization

* Optimally manage the service quality and multimedia

applications.

7. MIMO - multiple-input and multiple-output

MIMO is the use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and

receiver to improve communication performance. It is one of several

forms of smart antenna technology.

The reliability in transmitting high speed data can be improved by

using more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver. This is called

transmit or receive diversity.

It provides high rate, high reliability and long range communications.

Page 12: 4G NIIT Presentation

8. IPv6 - Internet Protocol version 6

IPv6 is the latest revision of the Internet Protocol (IP), the primary

communications protocol upon which the entire Internet is built.

IPv6 replaced IPv4, which uses 32-bit addresses, while IPv6 use 128-

bit addresses.

4G uses IP telephony or Voice over IP (VoIP), where

telecommunications through internet rather than Public Switched

Telephone Network(PSTN).

Circuit switching is a methodology of implementing a

telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a

dedicated communications channel (circuit) through the network

before the nodes may communicate.

Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that

groups all transmitted data – regardless of content, type, or structure –

into suitably sized blocks, called packets.

Circuit switching is characterized by a fee per time unit of connection

time, even when no data is transferred, while Packet switching is

characterized by a fee per unit of information.

Page 13: 4G NIIT Presentation

Category Data Rates

1G 9.6 – 14.4 Kbps

2G 9.6 – 115 Kbps

3G 36 – 614 Kbps

4G 20 – 40 Mbps

Data transfer rate is the average number of bits, characters, or blocks per

unit time passing between equipment in a data transmission system.

Page 14: 4G NIIT Presentation

Basis 3G 4G

Peak Upload Rate: 50 Mbit/s 500 Mbit/s

Peak Download Rate: 100 Mbit/s 1 Gbit/s

Switching Technique:Circuit and packet

switching

Packet switching,

message switching

Technologies UMTS, W-CDMA, CDMA WiMAX, LTE

Frequency band1.8 – 2.5GHz 2 – 8GHz

Network Architecture: Wide Area Cell Based

Integration of wireless

LAN and Wide area.

(OWA)

Page 15: 4G NIIT Presentation

IN INDIA

o Bharti Airtel is the only 4G service provider in the country

o By the end of 2014, Airtel will assume full ownership and financial

responsibility for 4G operations in Delhi, Haryana, Kerala, Mumbai.

o BSNL has introduced India’s first 4G High-Speed WiMAX

Technology.

Page 16: 4G NIIT Presentation

4G is wireless telecommunication network which provides high rate,

reliable data and high speed internet facility.

4G is based on the technology WiMAX, LTE.

4G is the major phase of telecommunication introduced by ITU.

4G is the successor of 3G,2G,1G,0G.

Page 17: 4G NIIT Presentation