4K Display TechnologyPresented by:Vasu Jain (b120020303)

Presentation Outline Introduction History Common Terms 1080p vs. 4K resolution Ultra HD Technical Details Growth of 4K Advantages Disadvantages Hang on, what about 8K Conclusion References

Introduction

4K is the new big thing in display technology. 4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 4096 x 2160

megapixels and aspect ratio (16:9) 4K is also known's as Ultra High Definition(UHD). 4k TVs have increased their market share in 2014. Every brand

has a few of them now, but the prices are still above mainstream level.

It will soon become a format for both broadcast TV and Blu ray.

History 4K format was proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research

Laboratories and defined and approved by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)

The first commercially available 4K camera for cinematographic purposes was the Dalsa Origin, released in 2003

The projection of films at 4K resolution at cinemas began in 2011 .The first 4K home theatre projector was released by Sony in 2012.

YouTube began supporting 4K for video uploads in 2010• Users could view 4K video by selecting "Original" from the quality

settings.• In November 2013, YouTube started to use the VP9 video compression

standard• VP9 is being developed by Google, which owns YouTube

Common Terms Resolution• The resolution of a television is the number of pixels in each dimension

that the TV can display natively.• The higher the resolution, the more details the picture has.

Aspect Ratio• The aspect ratio of an image describes the proportional relationship

between its width and its height.

1080p vs. 4K resolution

A High Definition TV with 1080p resolution is composed of two million pixels (1920 x 1080), while a 4K TV (aka Ultra High Definition) has over eight million pixels (4096 x 2160). Therefore, 4K has around four times more resolution than 1080p and produces a clearer picture.

Increasing pixel density leads to closer viewing distance without the pixel grid becoming obvious to viewer.

A 4K image - or Ultra HD - enables user to sit 1.6m from the screen.

4K Resolution (Ultra HD)

Ultra HD Technical Details

ITU Recommendation for Ultra HDTV

ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020(also known as “Rec. 2020″) was posted on the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) website on August 23, 2012. Rec. 2020 defines various aspects of ultra high definition television such as display resolution, frame rate, chroma subsampling, color depth, and color space.

Ultra HD Frame rate

Rec. 2020 allows for Ultra HDTV frame rates of 120p, 60p, 59.94p, 50p, 30p, 29.97p, 25p, 24p, and 23.976p. Only progressive frame rates are allowed.

Ultra HD Color space The Rec. 2020 color space can reproduce colors that can not be shown

with the Rec. 709 (HDTV) color space.  In coverage of the CIE 1931 color space the Rec. 2020(UHD TV) color

space covers 75.8%, digital cinema covers 53.6%, the Adobe RGB color space covers 52.1%, and Rec. 709 (HDTV) covers 35.9%.

Other Ultra HDTV Details

In addition to the significant upgrade in video quality, sound quality is also significantly increased with Ultra HDTV. 24 channels of audio can be used with 24 speakers, producing a difference comparable to the Ultra HD video resolution.

Currently, only 3 cameras are able to capture video in Ultra HDTV format, and can only capture about 20 minutes (requiring 4 terabytes) in a single day. Needless to say, our current infrastructure is not designed to meet the Ultra HDTV requirements.

Growth of 4K

Advantages 4K standard will address the demand for vastly improved resolution in

professional devices such as broadcast and cinema quality cameras, projectors, and displays.

The 4k revolution isn't just about quadrupling resolution, it also supports faster frame rates, insane contrast dynamics ,extended colours and variety of viewing distances on different screen sizes.

Disadvantages 4K has a case of putting the hardware chicken before the software egg.• At Sony's CES 2014 it announced that it was going to shoot the World

Cup in 4K It's unclear at this point how this content will be distributed, though live screenings at cinemas are very likely.

While there are currently no cable boxes that will support 4K in the india, the industry is gearing up for a new broadcast standard which is promised to deliver 4K resolutions. Called HEVC or H.265.

The number of pixels produced by 4K resolution is four times that of full-HD 1,080p, but the file sizes for typical length 4K movies are enormous, even when stored at half the native 48-FPS (frames-per-second) frame-rate. Forget about gigabytes (GB), it's time to think about terabyte (TB) sized files that are one-thousand times larger.

Expensive technology

Hang on, what about 8K

If 4K offers four times the resolution of Full HD, then 8K will deliver 16 times the definition. 8K screens comprise a staggering 33 million pixels.

This is an order of magnitude beyond any display technology currently available, and only one broadcaster, Japanese state owned NHK, has publically said it intends to commercialise the technology.

NHK has since pledged to shoot and transmit the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the format.

IN Conclusion

The benefits of 4k and 8k are marginal at best. You have to sit unrealistically close to see the full detail and you need 4k source material, which is virtually non-existent.

Other than that, save your cash and purchase 1080p instead. Or better yet, purchase 1080p OLED TV instead – the near infinite contrast ratio will offer a vastly superior quality image versus 4k resolution on an LED/LCD panel.

ISF states the the most important aspects of picture quality are (in order): 1) contrast ratio 2) color saturation, 3) color accuracy, 4) resolution. Resolution is 4th on the list, so look at other factors first.

References

1) 4K resolution, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4K_resolution. 2) CIExy1931 Rec 2020 and Rec 709,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg 3) Rec. 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._2020 4) Ultra high definition television,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_definition_television 5) Ultra HD and 4K TV: Everything you need to know,

http://www.techradar.com/news/home-cinema/high-definition\\ultra-hd-everything-you-need-to-know-about-4k-tv-1048954

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