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4G cellularcommunication system

Pradeep Kumar Behera

03-CO-29/ 0301221125

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4G is MAGIC

M-Mobile multimedia

A-Anytime anywhere

G-Global mobility support

I-Integrated wireless solution C-Customized personal service

high-quality voice thigh-definition video tohigh-data-rate wireless channels

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Introduction

The 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system ofsystems and network of networks achieved after theconvergence of wired and wireless networks as well ascomputer, consumer electronics, communicationtechnology, and several other convergences

that will be capable of providing 100 Mbps and 1Gbps,respectively, in outdoor and indoor environments withend-to-end QoS and high security, offering any kind ofservices anytime, anywhere, at affordable cost and one

billing

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Contd..

The Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) defines 4Gas a network that operates on Internet technology,combines it with other applications and technologiessuch as Wi-Fi and WiMAX, and runs at speeds ranging

from 100 Mbps (in cell-phone networks) to 1 Gbps (inlocal Wi-Fi networks). 4G is not just one definedtechnology or standard, but rather a collection oftechnologies and protocols to enable the highestthroughput, lowest cost wireless network possible. The

official designation from the IEEE for 4G is beyond 3G(B3G).

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Objective

Spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and bit/s/Hz/site) High network capacity Nominal data rate of 100 Mbps at high speeds and 1 Gbps at

stationary conditions as defined by the ITU-R Data rate of at least 100 Mbps between any two points in the world

Smooth handoff across heterogeneous network Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks High quality of service for next generation multimedia support (real

time audio, high speed data, HDTV video content, mobile TV, etc) Interoperable with the existing wireless standards All IP system, packet switched network

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Evolution

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3G Vs 4G

3G 4G

Frequency Band 1.8 - 2.5 GHz 2 - 8 GHz

Bandwidth 5-20 MHz 5-20 MHz

Data rate Up to 2Mbps ( 384kbps WAN)

Up to 20 Mbps or more

Access Wideband CDMA Multi-carrier - CDMA orOFDM(TDMA)

FEC Turbo-codes Concatenated codesSwitching Circuit/Packet Packet

Mobile top speeds 200 kmph 200 kmph

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Motivation for 4G Research Before 3GHas Not Been Deployed?

3G performances may not be sufficient to meet needs of futurehigh-performance applications like multi-media, full-motion video,wireless teleconferencing. We need a network technology thatextends 3G capacitiesby an order of magnitude.

There are multiple standards for 3G making it difficult to roam andinteroperate across networks. We need global mobility and service

portability 3G is based on primarily a wide-area concept. We need hybrid

networks that utilize both wireless LAN (hot spot) concept and cellor base-station wide area network design.

We need wider bandwidth Researchers have come up with spectrally more efficient modulation

schemesthat can not be retrofitted into 3G infrastructure We need all digital packet network that utilizes IP in its fullest form

with converged voice and data capability.

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Some new challenges in 4G

1. Multi-access interface, timing and recovery.2. Higher frequency reuse leads to smaller cells that may causeintra-cell interference or higher noise figures due to reduced powerlevels.3. The Digital to analog conversions at high data rates, multiuserdetection and estimation (at base stations), smart antennas and

complex error control techniques as well dynamic routing will needsophisticated signal processing.4. Issues in the interface with the ad hoc networks should be sortedout. 4G systems are expected to interact with other networks likethe Bluetooth, hiperlan, IEEE802.11b, etc.

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Components

Multi-antenna Systems

Software defined radio

Access schemes

IPv6

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Developments

The Japanese company NTT DoCoMo and Samsung are testinga 4G communication system prototype called VSF-OFCDM at 100

Mbit/s while moving, and 1 Gbit/s while stationary China has launched the world's first fourth-generation (4G)

mobile communication system in Shanghai.The home-grown 4Gsystem provides speeds of up to 100 mbps

Samsung is claiming to have cracked 4G, while most of themobile industry couldn't tell you what it is yet

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Applications

The killer application of 4G is not clear, though theimproved bandwidths and data throughput offered by 4Gnetworks should provide opportunities for previouslyimpossible products and services to be released.

Already at rates of 15-30 Mbps, 4G should be able to

provide users with streaming high-definition television.At rates of 100 Mbps, the content of a DVD, for examplea movie, can be downloaded within about 5 minutes foroffline access.

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Conclusion

As the history of mobile communications shows, attempts have been

made to reduce a number of technologies to a single globalstandard. Projected 4G systems offer this promise of a standard thatcan be embraced worldwide through its key concept of integration.Future wireless networks will need to support diverse IP multimediaapplications to allow sharing of resources among multiple users.There must be a low complexity of implementation and an efficientmeans of negotiation between the end users and the wirelessinfrastructure. The fourth generation promises to fulfill the goal ofPCC (personal computing and communication)a vision thataffordably provides high data rates everywhere over a wirelessnetwork.

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THANK YOU