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TRANSCRIPT
1.
1-1.
IP NGN Next
Generation Network
google Amazon
YouTube
(1)
P2P
IX Internet Exchange
4-1 2001 2003 2004 2006
Ⅳ -2
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000010367.pdf
4-2 1
(2)
2010 87.6
(a)
PHS 2009 3
1 1,205 90
93 2006 3.5
14Mbps
3.9
PHS WiMAX 2007 12
WiMAX 2009 2
Ⅳ -4
(b)
FTTH ADSL IP
IP TV
PC
DLNA Digital Living Network Architecture
DLNA
DVD BD
(c) NGN
2003
NGN Next Generation Network 2008 3
IMS IP Multimedia
Subsystem IP NGN
(d) IPTV
NGN HDTV High Definition TV
NGN
IPTV 2008 3 2008 5
IP 2009 3
1-2.
(1)
2010 1 2,389 2010
2.9
Ⅳ -5
(2)
85.9 2009 3
http://www.jeita.or.jp/japanese/stat/cellular/2009/comm/03.htm /
2011 7
/
(3)
10Gb
7
2006 40Gbps
100Gbps ITU-T OTN 40Gb/100Gb
2010 6
2011
40Gb/100Gb
(4)
10 100 1000
(5)
IT
Ⅳ -6
IT/ICT p2p
(6)
4-21 IT 2006 470
kWh 2025 2400 kWh/ 2050
5500 kWh/
(7)
TCP/IP
NGN IPv6
CGC Consumer Generated Contents Public Common
2.
2-1.
2-1-1.
P2P
P2P
Ⅳ -7
/
P2P
P2P P2P
RPC Remote Procedure Call
IaaS Infrastructure as a Service
SaaS Software as a Service
PaaS Platform as a Service
P2P
P2P
Ⅳ -8
WDM 1 Tbps
32 Tbps
2000
1.5 IP-TV
•
MPLS-TP PBB-TE Carrier Ethernet
OPEX
2-2-2.
HD SHD
1
ROADM
Ⅳ -11
2-3. IP
2-3-1.
IP
IT
IP
WEB2.0
IT
3 2 IT 2000
IT/ICT 2000
3 2004
BRICs
WEB2.0
WEB2.0
ASP Application Service Provider /CSP Contents Service Provider
IT
IT
Future Network New Generation Network Clean Slate Network
2007
Ⅳ -13
2-3-2.
WEB2.0
IT/ICT
P2P CS Client-Server
P2P
Client-Server
(1) /
WEB2.0
2006
Free-Ride
(2)
J-SOX
2009 5
Ⅳ -14
(3)
P2P Client-Server
Technical
Differentiation
(4)
TCP/IP
Clean Slate Internet
Dirty Slate Internet 2
NGN IPv6 /
NGN IPv6 NGN
IPv6
CGC Consumer Generated Contents Public
Commons
20
21
Ⅳ -15
Fragmentation
Fragment
2-3-3.
(1) NGN Next Generation Network
NGN
NGN Native
NGN
(2) P2P
P2P CDN Contents Delivery Network
P2P Web Service
P2P CDN
Naïve
2008 P4P
P2P
Ⅳ -16
(3)
ISOC Internet Society 2007 12
(4)
IPv6
IPv4 IPv6
(5)
(6)
(7)
Trust
TCG Trusted Computing Group
Ⅳ -17
(8) DTN Delay Tolerant Network
TCP/IP
DTN
2-4.
2-4-1.
WAN[Wide Area Network] 10km
MAN[Metropolitan Area Network] km
LAN[Local Area Network] 100m
PAN[Personal Area Network] 10m
BAN[Body Area Network] m
1m
IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth
WAN
MAN
LAN
PAN
IEEE 802.16
IEEE 802.11
3GPP, 3GPP2
BAN
10km
km
100m
10m
m
4-3
WAN 2009 3
Ⅳ -18
1 1,205 PHS 90%
100
W-CDMA CDMA2000 1x
93%
2006 3.5
HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
7.2Mbps
MAN WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access: IEEE
802.16e 2007 12 2.5GHz 2009
2 10MHz 1
40Mbps 10Mbps
LAN ISM Industry-Science-Medical 2.4GHz
5GHz
PC
IEEE802.11b 2.4GHz 11Mbps IEEE802.11g 2.4GHz
54Mbps IEEE802.11a 5GHz 54Mbps IEEE802.11n 600Mbps
2008 12 736
PAN 10m
IEEE802.15 Bluetooth IEEE802.15.1 Zigbee IEEE802.15.4
RFID Radio Frequency Identification Wireless USB
ISO/IEC
18092 NFC: Near Field Communication
ISO14443 MIFARE FeliCa
IC
2-4-2.
(1)
(2) (3)
Ⅳ -19
(1)
3D
3.5
7.2Mbps
14Mbps
2010
300Mbps
3.9
LTE: Long Term
Evolution
2011
100Mbps
1Gbps
IMT-Advanced
4-4
Mbps
UWB 560Mbps TransferJet 4Gbps
WirelessHD 60GHz 6Gbps
IEEE802.15.3c
BAN IEEE802.15.6
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000012923.pdf
Ⅳ -20
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000012923.pdf
4-5
LAN IEEE802.11s
LAN LAN
(2)
IP
MobileIP
Fast MobileIP FMIP
IEEE802.21 MIH Media Independent Handover
MAN WiMAX LAN Ethernet
LAN 2003
Ⅳ -21
3GPP IWLAN Interworking Wireless LAN
IWLAN LAN
1
2
3 PS
4
5
6 CS
FMC Fixed Mobile Convergence NW
(3)
2006 4
2009 2 2008
2,430 73%
2011 7
http://www.soumu.go.jp/menu_news/s-news/2008/pdf/080715_4_houkoku.pdf
4-6
Ⅳ -22
2003
NGN Next Generation Network 2008 3
IMS IP Multimedia
Subsystem IP NGN
2-4-3.
(1)
(a)
5 60GHz
(b)
(c)
Ⅳ -23
(2)
NGN IP
QoS IP
2-5.
2-5-1.
1280 768 1920 1080
24Mbps
IP NGN
4096 2160 4K Digital Cinema
4K Digital Cinema 6Gbps Mbps
/ 4K Digital Cinema
2-5-2.
NHK UHDTV:
Ultra High Definition TV 7,680 4,320
72Gbps
2015 2025
3D 3D
3D 2
Ⅳ -24
3.
3-1.
3-1-1.
PHS
2009.3 1 1,205 96%
93% 2006 3.5
14Mbps
3.9 LTE: Long Term
Evolution 100Mbps 2010
2.5GHz
PHS WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access 2
2007 12 2.5GHz WiMAX
2009 2
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/policyreports/chousa/denpa_seisaku/pdf/081024_2_si3.pdf
4-7
Ⅳ -29
2008 1
3-1-2.
10
220
ITU-R 3.9 4
4 2011
100Mbps 1Gbps
4-8
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000017276.pdf
4-9 ITU-R IMT International Mobile Telecommunications
2007 10 WRC World Radiocommunication Conference
-07 IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced
IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced 428MHz
3.4 3.6GHz 200MHz
2.3 2.4GHz 100MHz
698 806MHz 108MHz
450 470MHz 20MHz
Ⅳ -30
ITU-R M.1645 “Framework and overall objectives of the future development of
IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT-2000
4-9 ITU 3
4-10 3.5 3.9 4
1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
F I G U R E 2I l lu s t r a t io n o f c a p a b i l i t i e s o f I M T - 2 0 0 0 a n d s y s t e m s b e y o n d I M T - 2 0 0 0
E n h a n c e m e n t
D e n o te s i n t e r c o n n e c t io n b e t w e e n s y s t e m s v i a n e t w o r k s , w h i c h a l l o w s f l e x i b l e u s e i n a n y e n v i r o n m e n t w i t h o u t m a k i n g u s e r s a w a r e o f c o n s t i t u e n t s y s t e m s
N o m a d i c / l o c a l a r e a a c c e s s s y s t e m s
D i g i t a l b r o a d c a s t s y s t e m s
P e a k u s e f u l d a t a r a t e ( M b i t / s )
D a s h e d l i n e i n d i c a t e st h a t t h e e x a c t d a t ar a t e s a s s o c i a t e d w i t hs y s t e m s b e y o n d I M T - 2 0 0 0a r e n o t y e t d e t e r m in e d
N e w c a p a b i l i t i e so f s y s t e m s b e y o n dI M T - 2 0 0 0
S y s t e m s b e y o n d I M T - 2 0 0 0 w i l l e n c o m p a s sth e c a p a b i l i t i e s o f p r e v i o u s s y s t e m s
M o b i l i t y
H ig h
L o w
N e wm o b i l ea c c e s s
N e w n o m a d i c / lo c a la r e a w i r e l e s s a c c e s s
E n h a n c e dI M T - 2 0 0 0
I M T - 2 0 0 0
D a r k s h a d i n g i n d i c a t e s e x i s t i n g c a p a b i l i t i e s , m e d i u m s h a d i n g in d i c a t e s e n h a n c e m e n t s t o I M T - 2 0 0 0 , a n d t h e l i g h t e r s h a d in g i n d i c a t e s n e w c a p a b i l i t i e s o f s y s t e m s b e y o n d I M T - 2 0 0 0 .
T h e d e g r e e o f m o b i l i t y a s u s e d in t h i s F i g u r e i s d e s c r i b e d a s f o l l o w s : l o w m o b i l i t y c o v e r s p e d e s t r i a n s p e e d , a n d h ig h m o b i l i t y c o v e r s h ig h s p e e d o n h i g h w a y s o r f a s t t r a in s ( 6 0 k m /h t o ~ 2 5 0 k m / h , o r m o r e ) .
1 6 4 5 - 0 2
Ⅳ -31
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/policyreports/chousa/denpa_seisaku/pdf/081024_2_si3.pdf
4-10
WiMAX IEEE 802.16j
Wireless LAN 2004 7
IEEE802.11s LAN
LAN
1
AV 2
3
2010 9
LAN
Ⅳ -32
MIMO
3-1-3.
IMT-Advanced 3GPP 3.9
LTE-Advanced
(1)
IMT-Advanced 100MHz
Carrier aggregation
(2) MIMO
LTE 4x4 4 4
1x2 1 2 MIMO
IMT-Advanced
(3)
(4)
3-2.
3-2-1.
10 100 1000
NTT
Ⅳ -33
FTTH Fiber To The
Home
4-11
Backbone NW
Metro NW
Metro NW
PON
L2 SW
PSTNVoIP
The Internet
ISP
Metro NW
PON
Photonic Transport Network
Access Network
Optical path
Saver
Router
ROADM
4-11
ADSL
HFC Hybrid fiber coax FTTH ADSL
50Mbps
HFC
CATV Mbps
160Mbps CATV
FTTH SS PDS
PDS PON
ADSL FTTH Gbps PON Passive
Optical Network GE-PON
30 Mbps 100Mbps PON
G-PON 64 20km GE-PON
16 20km
Ⅳ -34
WDM WDM 2
ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop
Multiplexer /
40 Gbps 1 DWDM Dense Wavelength
Division Multiplexing 50GHz 80
3.2Tbps ROADM
Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer 40Gbps WDM
GMPLS
Optical
performance monitor OPM
ROADM WDM
WDM
SONET/SDH/OTN
ITU-T SG15 1998
SDH/SONET
OTN
2001 OTN OTU1 2.67Gbps
OTU2 10.7Gbps OTU3 43.0Gbps SDH
LAN 10GbE 10GbE
OTU2e 40/100GbE
IEEE ITU-T 40GbE
ODU3/OTU3
100GbE OTU4 111.8Gbps
OTU4 ODU4 2012
Ⅳ -35
3-2-2.
(1)
1 10G bps PON
IEEE Institute of Electric and Electronics Engineers 2009 3
WDM
(2) /
ROADM WSS
WDM
ROADM 3
OXC Optical Cross Connect
OXC
OPM
PMD OSNR Q
Ⅳ -36
OADM
OADM
OADMOADM
OADM
OADM
OADM
OADMOADM
OADM
OXC OXC
OXC OXC
OXC
WXC
WXC
WXC WXC
WXCWXC
WXC
WXC WXC
WXC
Point-point WDM
WDM Ring NW
WDM Mesh NW
Transparent Mesh NW
WDM
SW ROADM
SW OXC
WXC
2000 20152010
C-plane
C-plane
NTT Vol.19 No.10, pp.11 http://www.ntt.co.jp/journal/0710/files/jn200710008.pdf
4-12
3-2-3.
(1)
FTTH
FTTH Gbps
PON 20km
100km PON ONU
FTTH ONU
LSI
FTTH IPTV
HDTV
Radio over fiber ROF FTTH
FTTH
Ⅳ -37
DROF Digitized Radio-on-Fiber FTTH
/ FTTH
(2) /
ROADM
PLC Planer Light-wave Circuit
2 2 WSS
ROADM
WSS
WSS MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
1x9
WSS WSS
OPM
NMS
Network Management System
LSP Label Switched Path MPLS
Multi Protocol Label Switching
TDM GMPLS
Generalized MPLS GMPLS
Ⅳ -38
3-3.
3-3-1.
IP Internet Protocol
SDH/SONET Synchronous Digital Hierarchy/Synchronous Optical NETwork
IP-VPN IP-Virtual
Private Network IP/MPLS Multi Protocol Label Switching
SDH/SONET ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode FR Frame Relay
IP/MPLS
IP/MPLS
IP/MPLS SDH/SONET
SDH/SONET
QoS Quality of Service
IP/MPLS
SDH/SONET ATM
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers PBB-TE
Provider Backbone Bridge-Traffic Engineering
MAC-in-MAC
IEEE 802.1Qay
ITU-T T-MPLS Transport-MPLS
MPLS
T-MPLS IP/MPLS
IETF IETF
ITU-T MPLS-TP Transport Profile
3-3-2.
IETF RFC Request For Comment
2009 MPLS-TP
ITU-T T-MPLS
OAM
Ⅳ -39
3-3-3.
MPLS-TP MPLS MPLS-TP TP Transport Profile
SDH/SONET
IP/MPLS VCCV Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification BFD
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection LSP-Ping
MPLS-TP
G-ACH Generic Associated CHannel G-ACH
IP/MPLS PHP Penultimate Hop Popping ECMP Equal Cost
Multi-Path label merging
MPLS-TP
IP/MPLS
MPLS-TP OAM
ITU-T G.8080 ASON Automatically Switched Optical Network
MPLS-TP IP/MPLS
M
MPLS-TP
3-4.
3-4-1.
AV
TV
PC PC OA
TV
PC
Ⅳ -40
5
(1)
NGN
(a) QoS
QoS 4-13 NGN QoS
NGN 1 QoS
QoS QoS
NGN 2 NGN
H-GW
( )
H-NW
H-GW
QoS
H-NW
H-GW
QoS
NGN
NGN 1
NGN 2
(NGN )
(NGN )
+NGN
, , , “ QoS ”,
CS2007-22, 2007 , vol. 107, no. 244, CS2007-22, pp. 1-6, 2007 10
4-13 QoS NGN
Ⅳ -41
QoS Prioritized QoS
Parameterized QoS NGN
2 End-End QoS
QoS
(b)
IP SEC
IKE IKE
IKE IKEv2
(c)
SMNP
BBF Broadband Forum TR-069
TR-069
(d)
NGN
IP NGN QoS
NGN QoS
IP DSCP Diffserv Service Code Point
(2)
3
(a)
SI
POF 800Mbps, 50m GI POF 10Gbps, 10m
Ⅳ -42
(b)
PLC Power Line Communication
PLC 1 2 : HPA : UPA
: CEPCA IEEE1901
ITU-T SG15
PLC
TV
(c)
LAN
1Gbps LAN IEEE802.11a/b/g
IEEE802.11e/s
IEEE802.11n
(3) IPTV
IP IPTV
IPTV
3-4-2.
NGN
(1)
3-4-1.(1) NGN
(a) QoS
NGN 2 Parameterized QoS NGN SIP
QoS QoS IP
Ⅳ -43
NGN 3 QoS
(b)
IP-SEC IKEv2
IP SEC
IP SEC
(c)
3-4-1.(1)
BBF TR-069 4-14 TR-069
IP ICMP OAM
Operation, Administration and Maintenance
Ⅳ -44
Broadband Forum TR-069
http://www.broadband-forum.org/technical/download/TR-069Amendment2.pdf
4-14 TR-069
(d)
NGN SIP Session Initiation Protocol
QoS SIP
SIP
NGN SIP
SIP NGN QoS
4-15
”SIP ” SIP SIP
Ⅳ -45
Access NW Access NW
Control Layer
Service Layer
Transport Layer
Session Control Signalling, QoS Control, Etc.
MGC MGC
MC MC
Home GW Home GW
SIP
Access NW QoS
End-to-End QoS
Access NW QoS
Scope of NGN
4-15 SIP
(2)
3-4-1.(2) PLC
2012
2015
(3) IPTV
NGN
3-4-3.
3-4-2.
(1)
Parameterized QoS
QoS QoE
(2)
PLC xDSL
Ⅳ -46
(3) IPTV
3-5. NGN
3-5-1.
IP
IP
IPTV
ITU-T
International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication sector
NGN Next Generation Network
NGN IP
IP all-IP all-IP
4-16 NGN
Ⅳ -47
IP
FMC
NGN
FMC: Fixed mobile convergence
4-16 NGN
NGN
FMC
3
3GPP ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute TISPAN
Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced
Networking IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
SIP
B-ISDN ATM
AIN Advanced Intelligent Network TINA Telecommunication
Information Networking Architecture 4-17 ITU-T
NGN
Ⅳ -48
NGNANI
UN
I
NN
I
/
ANI: Application Network Interface
4-17 ITU-T NGN
NGN FMC Fixed-mobile Convergence NGN
IP
FMC
NGN
IP
3-5-2.
(1) all-IP
IP
all-IP 2008 NTT NGN
2008 3 ETSI 3GPP/3GPP2
3rd Generation Partnership Project/-2
ITU International Telecommunication Union 2004 10 WTSA World
Telecommunication Standardization Assembly NGN Next Generation
Network 2005 Release1
Ⅳ -49
IP
IP
QoS
IP QoS
IP
(2)
all-IP
all-IP
all-IP
VoIP TV
VoIP
IP
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force RFC3261 SIP
Session Initiation Protocol
3GPP IMS IP Multi Media Subsystem 3GPP2 MMD
Multi Media Domain
1
Ⅳ -50
/
3-5-3.
All-IP
(1) IP
IP
QoS
IP
NGN
NGN QoS
NGN QoS
RACF: Resource Admission Control
Function RACF
NGN
QoS
ITU-T 3 QoS
150 NGN
QoS NGN
(2) /
GMPLS
SIP
Ⅳ -51
NGN
RPR Resilient Packet Ring
ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer RPR
ROADM
SDH/SONET
RPR
RPR 1
ADM RPR
NGN
ROADM
ROADM ROADM
ROADM RPR
SDH/SONET
ROADM
GMPLS
(3)
AAA / /
SaaS
NGN ANI
NGN Release 1
IP Release 2 IPTV FMC
NGN
Ⅳ -52
SIP
Software as a Service SaaS
/
/ / SaaS
SaaS
3-6.
3-6-1.
2010 87.6 2003 3.1
2010 12,300 2010 3
4-18
Ⅳ -53
300m
1
10,000
GPS Global Positioning System
QoS LAN QoS
MAC Media Access Control
QoS
QoS
Zigbee
(1)
1 10,000 10,000
100 10 10km
(a)
Ⅳ -55
1 16 0.5 32 0.1
32
(b)
GPS GPS
GPS
1
cm
DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication
(c)
100
100
99 1 1
ms
(d)
kbps UWB
Mbps Mbps
Ⅳ -56
QoS
3-7.
3-7-1.
FTTH ADSL IP
IP TV
PC
DLNA Digital Living Network Architecture
DLNA
DVD BD
(1)
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication sector J.190
Digital AV TEL/ FAX PC
Home Appliance 5 Plane IP
IP
IPTV
IP-STB(IP Set Top Box)
VoD; Video on Demand IP
IP
(2)
LAN Local Area Network
UWB Ultra Wide Band Zigbee Bluetooth
LAN IEEE802.11a/g 54Mbps
PC
IEEE802.11n 2007 5 IEEE
Ⅳ -58
2.0 100Mbps 300Mbps
UWB 2006 7
480Mbps USB
Bluetooth
10 1Mbps
Bluetooth
Bluetooth2.1 1Mbps
LAN
DVD BD
HDTV High Definition Television
WirelessHD 2G-5Gbps
Zigbee IEEE 802.15.4
250kbps 30m
255
1 m 1GMbps
10Gbps 120GHz
(3)
PLC Power Line Communication 2006 10
PLC HD-PLC
LAN Ethernet
AV IEEE1394
SI 800Mbps IEEE1394b
GI 10Gbps
(4)
IP PC
Ⅳ -59
UPnP Universal Plug and Play
PC
3-7-2.
(1)
FTTH
FTTH ONU Optical Networking Unit
NGN Next Generation Network 2008 4 NGN
QoS Quality of Service
SIP Session Initiation Protocol
2008 10
ONU FTTH
3.5 3.9 LTE
NGN SIP QoS
/
QoS
Ⅳ -60
(2)
UWB Bluetooth3.0 300M -1Gbps 10 10Gbps
Zigbee
UWB 1Mbps
USB 2011-12 1Gbps
LAN 802.11 300Mbps MIMO
Ethernet FTTH
LED Mbps
WirelessHD 2012 25Gbps
802.15.3c PAN IEEE
2010
120GHz 1 10Gbps
4 16
802.15.4a UWB
LAN PAN
LED
(3)
PLC 200Mbps
30Mbps
400Mbps 100Mbps
PLC
200Mbps 400Mbps
QoS
Ethernet
DLNA PC AV 1Gbps
Ⅳ -61
Ethernet
10G,40G
SI 1.6Gbps 10Gbps
GI
10 1-10Gbps
QoS
10-40Gbps QoS
(4)
AV DLNA
DLNA IP-STB
IP Set Top Box
ON/OFF
Zigbee
WLAN Bluetooth DLNA ECHONET
PUCC P2P(Peer to Peer Universal Computing Consortium
AV DoS
Ⅳ -62
3-7-3.
(1)
WLAN
(2)
3-8.
3-8-1.
IEEE SA; IEEE Standard Association
IEEE802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee IEEE 802.3 WG Working
Group IEEE 802.3 1983 10BASE5
10 Mbps 500 m 10
10 Gbps 10GBASE
2006 7 40Gbps 100Gbps
2010 6
(1)
IEEE 802.3 WG 40 Gbps 100 Gbps
IEEE 802.3ba 100 Gbps
100 Gbps
40 Gbps
100Gb 40Gb
100Gb
40 km 10 km
1 m 40Gb 100
m 10 m
10 km 40 km 4-1
Ⅳ -63
4-1 10 Gbps
(2) SAN
SAN Storage Area Network Fiber Channel
Fiber Channel SAN FC-SAN Fiber Channel
ANSI T11 The American National Standards Institute T11 technical committee
SCSI
TCP/IP ATM 1 Gbps
10 Gbps 16 Gbps
Fiber Channel FC-SAN
IP SAN IP-SAN IETF
Internet Engineering Task Force IP-SAN TCP Fiber
Channel FCIP TCP
iFCP TCP SCSI iSCSI
IP TCP
TCP
TCP/IP TOE TCP/IP Offload Engine
IP-SAN
10 Gbps
IP-SAN TCP/IP Fiber Channel SCSI
TCP/IP Fiber Channel over Ethernet
FCoE Fiber Channel
Ⅳ -64
FCoE ANSI T11
(3)
10 km 40 km
100 1000 km
OTN Optical Transport Network
OTN
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization
Sector G.709 2.5 Gbps 10 Gbps
40 Gbps 3 OTN 1000 km
FEC Forward Error Correction
FEC RS 255 23.9
3-8-2.
(1)
10 Gb
7
2006 7
40Gbps 100Gbps 40Gb 100Gb
ITU-T OTN 40G/100G
40Gb 100Gb 2010 6
40Gb/100Gb OTN 2011
40Gb/100Gb
40Gb/100Gb
4 5
10Gb 100Gb 2000
7 8
2014 2018 3
2011
400 Gbps 1
Tbps
100Gb WDM
Ⅳ -65
OOK On Off Keying 40 Gbps
400 Gbps 10 1 Tbps 25
40Gb/100Gb 2010 IEEE
MSA Multi-source Agreement
CFP MSA 10Gb 300pin-MSA
XEMPAK XPAK X2 XFP SFP+ 6 MSA
40G/100G
(2) SAN
SAN
Fiber Channel
(3)
IP/VPN
OAM Operation Administration and
Maintenance IEEE 802.1ag Connectivity Fault
Management
OAM
Ⅳ -66
3-8-3.
(1)
IEEE 802.3ba 40Gb 100Gb 40 Gbps
100 Gbps 10
Gbps
10GBASE-LX4
10GBASE-LX4 4 4 CWDM Coarse Wavelength
Division Multiplexing MUX/DEMUX
1
100Gbps
100 Gbps
10 km 40 km 100 m 10 Gbps
100 Gbps
100 Gbps 64 bit
64B/66B 1 20
5 Gbps 20
20 10 5 4 2 1
40Gb 100Gb
10 km 40 km 4
WDM 40GBASE-LR4 4 10.3125Gbps 64B/66B
ITU G.694.2
4 CWDM 1271 1331nm 20nm
100GBASE-LR4 -ER4 4 25.78125 Gbps
CWDM LAN-WDM Local Area Network WDM
LAN WDM 1300nm 800GHz
4.5nm
40Gb 100Gb
100 Gbps 400 Gbps 1 Tbps
WDM
Ⅳ -67
1 OOK
1 2 OFDM
(2) SAN
FCoE SAN
2010 40 Gbps
100 Gbps
FCoE
FCoE CEE Converged Enhanced Ethernet
CEE IEEE IETF
CN; Congestion Notification IEEE 802.1Qau
PFC; Priority-based Flow Control IEEE 802.1Qbb
ETS; Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz
DCBX; Data Center Bridging exchange protocol IEEE 802.1
TRILL; Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links IETF
(3)
(a)
IEEE
PBB Provider Backbone
Bridge IETF Internet Engineering Task Force MPLS
MPLS-TP Multi-Protocol Label Switching Transport Profile
OAM
QoS
(b)
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode TDM
QoS
OAM
Ⅳ -68
3-9.
3-9-1.
IT Information Technology IT
end-to-end 10
IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
etc
3
http :Web (Web
(Bot
2003 SQL worm :SQL (Resolution
service ISP Internet
Service Provider
2004 1 29 PKI
Public Key Infrastructure
Ⅳ -69
PC /
PC
P2P
PKI
IC
ID/PW
ID
(4)
DDoS Distributed Denial of Service:
DDoS
IP
Network Front End ISP
DDoS
Application Firewall IDS/IDP
Ⅳ -72
4.
4-1.
4-1-1.
4-19
2008 6 FTTH Fiber To The Home 1310 DSL Digital Subscriber Line
1230 CATV 3.90 2930 2002 2004
Mbps Mbps
DSL ADSL
Asynchronous DSL
2004 100Mbps 1Gbps
FTTH PON Passive Optical Network
1 1
FTTH
P2P Peer to Peer
6
http://www.iijlab.net/~kjc/papers/kjc-conext2008.pdf
4-19
(1) IC
PC IC
IP Internet Protocol
Ⅳ -77
IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6
(2) P2P
P2P
4-20 IX Internet
eXchange 2004
150% 370% 2005 140%
2004
http://www.iijlab.net/~kjc/papers/kjc-conext2008.pdf
4-20 IX
(3)
70% OPEX Operation Expenditure
GMPLS Generalized Multi-Protocol
Ⅳ -78
Label Switching
GMPLS
GMPLS IP
SONET/SDH Synchronous Optical NETwork/Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy XC Cross Connect WDM Wavelength Division
Multiplex
(4)
QoS Quality of Service
FPGA Field
Programmable Gate Array
(5)
DDoS Distributed Denial of Service
(6)
4-21 IT 2006
470 kWh/ 2025 2400 kWh/
Ⅳ -79
2050 5500 kWh/
http://www.meti.go.jp/press/20071207005/03_G_IT_ini.pdf
4-21
4-1-2.
(1)
P2P
LAN Local Area Network /SAN Storage Area Network
LAN/SAN
LAN/SAN
SOHO
LAN/SAN
QoS Quality of Service
Ⅳ -80
LAN/SAN
UTP Unshielded Twist Pair Cable
LAN/SAN
(2)
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array LAN/SAN
PC
4-1-3.
(1)
(a)
LAN/SAN
10
40Gbps 1 10Gbps 2010
100Gbps 10Gbps 2014 100G 1Tbps 40 100Gbps
1-2 LAN/SAN
640Gbps
2010 1.2Tbps 2013 2.4Tbps 2016 5Tbps
2010
Ⅳ -81
(b)
IP IPv4/IPv6
PC
IP
2004 IP
1/10 VPN Virtual
Private Network
IPv4 512K IPv6 128K
IPv6 128 32 IPv4
1/4 2013 IPv4 2M
IPv6 512K IP
10Gbps 40Gbps TCAM Ternary
Content Addressable Memory RAM Random Access Memory
TCAM
2015
RAM
(c)
3kW
2014
2.1kW
2012 2 4
Ⅳ -82
2015 5 16
(d)
QoS
ASIC Application Specific Integration Circuit
DRP Dynamic Reconfigurable Processor FPGA
ASIC 2011
FPGA DRP ASIC
(e)
2009 10Gbps 2010
40Gbps 2014 100Gbps 2017 400Gbps
10Gbps
Ⅳ -83
2010 40Gbps 2013 100Gbps
2017 400Gbps
1
DPI Deep Packet
Inspection DPI
DPI 2010 25Mp/s packet per
second 2012 100Mp/s 2017 400Mp/s
IP IP Port
Port 5 5
4M /s 10M
2011 2012 10M /s 100M 2015 2016
40M /s 1G
2011
2013
2016
(2) LAN/SAN
(a)
SOHO Small Office Home Office LAN/SAN
LAN IEEE802.3
SAN
Fiber Channel
over Ethernet FC over Ethernet
LAN/SAN
Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable
UTP
Ⅳ -84
2 3
LAN SAN
SAN
2009 10Gbps 2012 LAN 40Gbps SAN
100 160Gbps 2015 LAN 100 160Gbps SAN 400Gbps 1Tbps
(b)
LAN/SAN
(c)
LAN/SAN PC
(3)
4-21 IT 2025
2400 kWh/ 2050 5500 kWh/
PC 1Gbps
http://www.ieee802.org/3/cfi/1106_1/EEE-CFI.pdf
5% 1Gbps
2010
LPI-EEE Low Power Idle Energy Efficient Ethernet IEEE802.3az
LPI-EEE
MAC Medium Access Control
2013 RPS-EEE Rapid PHY Selection EEE
Ⅳ -85
2012
2 4
2015 5 16
2011
2010 2012
2012 10
2016 1
2011 10
2013
2016
SerDes Serializer/Deserializer 6.25Gbps 10Gbps
2010 10Gbps 25Gbps 40Gbps
2012 25Gbps 100Gbps
400Gbps
15%
Ⅳ -86
2012 2016
(4)
LAN/SAN
PCI-Express InfiniBand CEI Common
Electrical Interface
1 10Gbps
2010 40Gbps 400Gbps
2013
100Gbps 1Tbps
CAM Content Addressable Memory 100Mp/s packet per second
CAM
CAM RAM Random Access Memory
2012 400Mp/s
2015 RAM
600Gbps 2012 1Tbps 2016 2Tbps
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
OAM Operation
Ⅳ -87
Administration and Maintenance ATM ITU-T
Y.1731 IEEE802
IEEE802.1ag Ethernet OAM
OAM 2011 OAM
Ethernet OAM
4-2.
4-2-1.
2001 MEMS Micro
Electro Mechanical Systems 256 256 1024 1024
IT 2003
ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add/drop
Multiplexer ROADM
4-22 3 ROADM
1 2 SW2 2 2 SW1
SW
ROADM
ROADM
WSS: Wavelength Selective Switch
Ⅳ -88
WSSWSS
... ...
......
WSS
......
WSSWSSWSS
WSS: Wavelength Selective SW
4-22 ROADM
4-2-2.
ROADM OXC Optical Cross
Connect OXC
ROADM ROADM OXC
4-23 ROADM
OXC
Ⅳ -89
… …
… …
... WSSWSS
...
... ...
...
......WSSWSS WSS WSS
... ...
WSSWSS
...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
WSS
WSS
WSS
WSS
WSS
WSS
WSS
WSS
4-23 ROADM OXC
Phase 1
ch Phase 2
Phase3
HUB OXC
4-24
4-24 1
WEST EAST
4-25
WSS 1 n
Ⅳ -90
1n1n
1 n1 n
WESTEAST
EAST WEST
EAST WEST
(West
1)
West 1
(EAST n)
1n1n
1 n1 n
WESTEAST
EAST WEST
EAST WEST
(West
1)
West 1
(EAST n)
4-24
WEST
EAST
1 1
NORTH
SOUTH
EAST
WEST
SOUTH
NORTH
22
WEST
EAST
1 1
NORTH
SOUTH
EAST
WEST
SOUTH
NORTH
22
4-25
4-2-3.
ROADM
1 2 1 4 1 9
4-26
MEMS
Ⅳ -91
WSS: Wavelength Selective SW
4-26
MEMS 80ch 80
MEMS
MEMS MEMS
MEMS
MEMS Si LCOS Liquid
Crystal On silicon
m n
4-3.
4-3-1.
m
IP
4-26
Ⅳ -92
http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/policyreports/chousa/mobile/pdf/070918_si10_2.pdf
4-27
2007
2008 5
Modulation and Demodulation Equipment: MDE Amplifier: AMP
4-3-2.
3GPP Self-Organizing Network SON
Ⅳ -93
AV PC
QoS
(1) IPTV
NGN HDTV( High Definition TV
NGN
IPTV 2008 3 2008 5 IP
2009 3
IPTV 2006 ITU-T FG-IPTV Focus Group on IPTV
2008 IPTV-GSI Global Standards Initiative
IPTV-GSI SG9 11 12 13 15 16 17 SG : Study Group
Coordinator SG16 TTC IPTV ITU-T
2008 IPTV
2008 9
NGN
IPTV
(2)
QoS QoE
Ⅳ -95
OSGi ICT
/
4-4-2.
(1) IPTV
HDTV
2011
BS H.264
/MPEG-4 AVC HDTV 3480x2160/60p
22.2
IPTV
CPU
FMBC Fixed Mobile Broadcasting Convergence
IPTV
(2)
ITU-T IPTV
/
SCP Service & Content Protection
AV
EPG: ECG:
E-Newspaper
OSGi OSGi
Ⅳ -96
5.
5-1.
5-1-1.
2
10 100
1000
FTTH GE-PON
10Gbps
ADSL FTTH
10Gbps
40Gbps 2009 40/100GbE
IEEE 40/100GbE
/ 40Gbps DWDM
80ch 40G-DWDM 2 Non-retrun
to zero NRZ Optical duobinary ODB Differential phase
shift keying DPSK Differential quadrature phase shift keying DQPSK
4-28 DPSK DQPSK
3dB
High density
Hig
h se
nsiti
vity
0.25 0.5 0.75 1
Incr
ease
in s
ensi
tivity
(dB
)
Spectral efficiency (bps/Hz)0
Amplitude Amplitude modulationmodulation
NRZ
RZPhase modulationPhase modulation
RZDPSK
3 5dB
RZDQPSK
PDM-QPSKw/ coherent detection
2
Y. Hibino, M. Jinno, "Recent advances on node technologies in photonic networks," Photonic Switching
2007, San Francisco, 2007
4-28
2010 40/100GbE
Ⅳ -98
40/100GbE 100Gbps
km
100Gbps
5-1-2.
(1)
FTTH 4-29 10Gbps
TDM WDM 2
IEEE802.3av 10G-EPON 10Gbit Ethernet PON
ITU-T PON 10G-EPON ONU
OLT P-P Point to Point
LSI
PON ODN Optical
Distribution Network 1Gbps 10Gbps
PON
1 WDM-PON Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON
WDM TDM Time Domain Multiplexing
Gbps
Ⅳ -99
NTT Vol.19 No.10, pp.10
http://www.ntt.co.jp/journal/0710/files/jn200710008.pdf
4-29
(2) /
WDM TDM
DQPSK 2006
5 14 Tbps 2007 20.4
Tbps 204 111 Gbps WDM 240
km
100Gb/ 2009 3
13.4Tbps 6200km WDM 50GHz 111Gbps
4-30
Ⅳ -100
2006 2007 2008 2009
50.7Pb/s/Km ALU7.2Tb/s x 7040km
41.8Pb/s/Km ALU16.4Tb/s x 2550km
84.3Pb/s/Km NTT13.5Tb/s x 6248km
48.2Pb/s/Km NTT13.4Tb/s x 3600km
6Pb/s/Km ALU25.6Tb/s x 240km
Pro
duct
of d
ista
nce
& ca
paci
ty (P
b/s
km)
4.8Pb/s/Km NTT20Tb/s x 240km
3Pb/s/Km Lucent12.4Tb/s x 240km
2.2Pb/s/Km NTT14Tb/s x 160km
World top data
4-30
1 40 Gbps
100Gbps 111 Gbps 111 Gbps
100 GbE 103 Gbps ITU-T OTN
FEC
FEC 125Gbps
5-1-3.
(1)
100 Gbps
TDM WDM TDM
PON
FTTH
DWDM
ONU
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access ONU
OCDMA Optical CDMA
OFDM
Ⅳ -101
(2)
40G-DWDM DPSK DQPSK
Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
2
DPSK 4 DQPSK
DQPSK
PMD
Polarization Mode Dispersion
40Gbps 10Gbps OSNR
2
OSNR WDM
AD 3
LO
200THz LO
PLL
AD
AD 2 6
100Gbps
Ⅳ -102
5-3. LAN SAN
5-3-1.
IP NGN
LAN
NW IEEE 802.3
10GBASE SR/LR/ER
XFP SFP
2006 10GBASE-T
GbE
10GbE SAN
10GbE
IXP Internet Exchange point ISP
40%
IEEE 802.3ba 10GbE
40GbE/100GbE
2008 10
Ⅳ -116
2008 13.3 2012 12.7
http://www.idcjapan.co.jp/Press/Current/20090413Apr.html LAN-
LAN IEEE802.11a/b/g
ITU-T ITU-T SG15 Q4
PLC Power Line
Communication HPA UPA
CEPCA
PLC
5-3-2.
(1)
2010 40GbE 100GbE
40GBASE CR4 10GBASE-T
40GbE LAN-
40GBASE-CR4
100GBASE CR10 2015
(2)
2010
40Gbps
100Gbps
100Gbps
25Gx4
M-PSK
Ⅳ -117
TDM/WDM 100Gbps
(3) SAN
SAN Fiber channel FC 1Gbps~10Gbps FC-SAN
10GBASE-T
10GBASE-LRM IP-SAN
FCoE FC over Ethernet SAN
10GbE Infiniband SAN
2010 40GbE/100GbE
IP-SAN FCoE
(4)
LAN PLC
2
10m
2012 1.6Gbps 2015
10Gbps 40Gbps 100Gbps
LAN 2012 IEEE802.11n 300Mbps
PLC 2012
100Mbps
2015
5-3-3.
(1)
LAN IEEE802.3
40Gbps 100Gbps 4 UTP STP
2
40Gbps 100Gbps
Ⅳ -118
(2)
IEEE802.3 40Gbps 100Gbps
IC
100Gbps
>4bit/symbol
MMF +MIMO
1Tbps
OFDM TDM/WDM
(3) SAN
SAN /
LAN 40Gbps 100Gbps
SAN
100Gbps
100Gbps
WDM/ TDM
(4)
LAN PLC
Ⅳ -119
6.
6-1.
2001 IT 1/3 2
3 2004
2007 IT
2008
BRICs
WSS Wavelength Selective Switch,
ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer 2006
2007 2008 2
2007 40Gbps
FTTH 2010 3000 2000
2008 3 1200
LAN IEEE802.16
WiMAX 2009
4-2 2009
2007 1.55 m
2008
IT 2009
Ⅳ -120
4-2
2008 20
http://www.oitda.or.jp/main/press/prdct08-j.pdf
6-2.
(1)
80%
2006 WSS Wavelength Selective Switch,
ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer
2007 2008 2
90%
MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical System WSS LCOS
Liquid Crystal On Silicon, WSS
WSS MEMS
MEMS LCOS
Si
Ⅳ -121
WSS
OXC-SW Optical Cross Connect Switch
OXC-SW
MEMS 128 128 OXC-SW
Si
PLZT (Pb,La (Zrx, Ti1 x O3
SOA
WSS OXC-SW WSS OXC-SW
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
C-band L-band
C-band L-band
10Gbps/40Gbps
NRZ Non Return to Zero
ODB Optical Duo Binary xPSK x phase shift keying QAM quadrature amplitude
modulation
WDM
Ⅳ -122
OFDM;
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
I/O
SerDes
SoC System on Chip
3
3
2
I/O
FPGA
Field Programmable Gate Array
QoS Quality of Service
SoC 3
(2)
(a)
DWDM
Polarization Mode Dispersion: PMD
Ⅳ -123
2 2.5Gbps 10Gbps
1/16 40Gbps 1/256
10Gbps DWDM PMD
PMD
OE
PMD
DCF
VIPA PLC VIPA
PLC
DCF DWDM
HOM PCF
EDC: Electrical Dispersion Compensator
FFE Feed Forward Equalizer DFE Decision
Feed-back Equalizer 2
FFE DFE 40Gbps
DC-30GHz IC
InP-HEMT
Ⅳ -124
FFE
NRZ 40Gbps
40GHz x 0.7 = 28GHz
2008 OFC Nortel 46Gbps QPSK
ASIC Application specific integrated circuit
LO
PLC
1 2
1
6
QPSK 112 Gbps
28Gbaud 56Gsps AD 4
AD 6
1Tbps LSI
(b)
1
ITU-T
Ⅳ -125
LDPC
LSI
LDPC 100Gbps LSI
(c)
Er EDFA WDM
Er
VOA Variable Optical Attenuator )
Er
C-band L-band
C-band L-band
APD Avalanche Photo-Diode
40Gbps
(d)
0.151dB/km
Ⅳ -126
(e)
3R Re-amplification
Re-timing Re-shaping
3R OE
EO 3R
3R
3R CDR CDR
DFF
CDR
CDR 3
CDR
CDR
VCO
LSI
CDR DFF
InP-HBT 100Gbps 40Gbps
100Gbps
(f)
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
MIMO
Multiple Input Multiple Output
2 CDMA
4 4G
OFDM 64QAM
Ⅳ -127
1000
IDFT DFT
MIMO
OFDM
PAPR %
OFDM
HAT High
Accuracy Tracking HAT
HAT
W-CDMA 15 50
(3)
2900 2008 9
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
FTTx Fiber tp the x
FWA: Fixed Wireless Access FTTx
SS PON
GE-PON
IEEE 10GEPON IEEE802.3av 2009
ITU-T/FSAN PON XG-PON
NG-PON
10Gbps TDM WDM CDM
OFDM
Ⅳ -128
NGN All-IP CATV NTT
OFDM MIMO
10bps/Hz
(a)
1 GSM 200kHz 3.9G
20MHz 100
A/D
(b)
3.9G PAPR Peak-to-Average Power
Ratio PAPR
(c)
RF
Ⅳ -129
IQ
DC RF
(4) LAN/SAN
SAN(Storage Area Network LAN
Local Area Network 100GbE 40GbE
100GbE 40GbE 2010
IEEE802.3ba 40GbE 10Gbps 4ch
100GbE 10Gbps 12ch 25Gbps 4ch
10Gbps 10GbE 25Gbps
4ch
TDM
QPSK TDM
80Gbps
60GHz
HPC High Performance Computing 20Gbps
cm
cm
RC
RC
CPU
(5)
Ⅳ -130
POF Ethernet UTP
PLC DSL
LSI
USB LED
LSI
(6)
AlInGaAs
1.3 m
1.55 m
10Gbps XFP SFP+
TOSA Transmitter Optical Sub-Assembly / ROSA
Receiver Optical Sub-Assembly Sub assembly module MSA Multi Source
Agreement 25Gbps
40Gbps
100Gbps
WDM
160Gbps TDM Time division Multiplexing
Ⅳ -131
OTDM Optical Time Division Multiplexing
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
MLLD Mode Locked Laser Diode
MUX Multiplexer PLL
Phase-Locked Loop Demux Demultiplexer
160Gbps
OTDM
WDM
3R Re-timing, Re-shaping, Re-amplification
3 160Gbps 3 3R
3
WDM
SOA
10 m 100 m Mbit
160Gbps
640Gbps
Si
Si Si
Si
Ⅳ -132
CMOS
6-3.
(1)
(a)
DWDM
MSA Multi
Source Agreement 40/100G
MSA MSA
TOSA Transmitter Optical Sub-Assembly / ROSA Receiver Optical
Sub-Assembly
10Gbps TOSA/ROSA
TOSA/ROSA
Si
40GbpsTOSA/ROSA
Ⅳ -133
25Gbps 40Gbps
60GHz
(b)
OTDM
WDM
OTDM /
40Gbps TDM
160Gbps
160GHz
160Gbps MUX/DMUX PLL
3
WDM
3R
Re-shaping, Re-timing, Re-generating
3R
/ 3
WDM
SOA
/
/
Ⅳ -134
/
EIT Electromagnetically
Induced Transparency
10 m 100
m Mbit
RAM
-
160Gbps 640Gbps
-
Si
Si-LSI
CMOS
IP
Ⅳ -135
IP
WSS OXC-SW
Si
Si-
PLZT
SOA
Si
Si
40Gbps InP
LSI 40Gbps
LSI
CMOS
AlN
GaN InN
AlGaN/GaN AlInN/GaN FET
III
AlN 6.2eV
77GHz 100GHz
10mW
Ⅳ -136
FET
( )
( )
( )
( ) 100W
(2)
SoC System on a Chip)
SerDes Serializer /
Deserializer PCI-Express
Serial ATA InfiniBand
I/O 1
10Gbps 100Gbps
10Gbps
2012 40Gbps
2014 100Gbps
SoC SoC
PU 1 8
PU 1 40
2022
4.5 nm 1
100
1 2
1 3
1
MCM Multi Chip Module
Ⅳ -137
I/O 3
PU 2017 PU 2048 PU 512
SoC
IF
FPGA Field Programmable Gate
Array SoC
RAM
SRAM
2Mbit
2011 8Mbit 2013 20Mbit
2013 400Gbps 2017 1.6Tbps
Ⅳ -138
7.
7-1.
Windows OS Media Player
Microsoft
Office Open XML ISO
1995 WTO TBT
1996
ISO/IEC
JIS
ISO9000
ISO14000
ISO/IEC ITU
EU
Ⅳ -139
7-2.
G
SDH
ITU
(De facto) (De joule)
ITU
IEEE802
ITU
ITU-R Recommendation
RR: Radio regulations
(1)
ITU ISO IEC
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
Intel x86
ITU
ISO
IEC
ISO/IEC JTC ISO IEC
Ⅳ -140
ETSI
ASTAP
ATIS
ANSI
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
Bluetooth SIG Bluetooth Special Interest Group
Zigbee Alliance
DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance
WiMAX Forum
TransferJet Consortium
HPA HomePlug Powerline Alliance
UPA Universal Powerline Association
CAPCA The Consumer Electronics Powerline Communication Alliance
ECHONET Consortium
PUCC Peer to Peer Universal Computing Consortium
FSAN Full Service Access Network
Ⅳ -141
4-3 SG3 WP
SG3 Radiowave propagation
WP3J Propagation fundamentals
WP3K Point-to-area propagation
WP3L Ionospheric propagation
WP3M Point-to-point and Earth-space propagation
4-4 SG9 WP
SG9 Fixed service
WP9A Performance and availability, interference objectives and analysis,
effects of propagation and terminology
WP9B Radio-frequency channel arrangements, radio system
characteristics, interconnection, maintenance and various
applications
WP9C Systems below 30 MHz (HF and others)
WP9D Sharing with other services (except for fixed-satellite service)
Ⅳ -142
ITU-R
ITU
ITU-R
ITU
ITU-R
ITU
4-33
(2) ITU
191
ITU-T
ITU-R
ITU-D
ITU-T Study Group SG
4-5 ITU-T SG
TSAG Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group
TSB Telecommunication
Standardization Bureau
Ⅳ -143
4-5 ITU-T SG
Study Group
SG 2 Operational aspects of service provision and telecommunications
management
SG 3 Tariff and accounting principles including related
telecommunication economic and policy issues
SG 5 Environment and climate change
SG 9 Television and sound transmission and integrated broadband cable
networks
SG 11 Signaling requirements, protocols and test specifications
SG 12 Performance, QoS and QoE
SG 13 Future networks including mobile and NGN
SG 15 Optical transport networks and access network infrastructures
SG 16 Multimedia coding, systems and applications
SG 17 Security
ITU-R Study Group SG 4-6
ITU-R RAG
Radio-communication Advisory Group BR
Radio-communication Bureau
4-6 ITU-R SG
Study Group
SG 1 Spectrum management
SG 3 Radio-wave propagation
SG 4 Satellite services
SG 5 Terrestrial services
SG 6 Broadcasting service
SG 7 Science services
(3) ISO
1
2008 157 ISO
EDI
ITS
Ⅳ -144
ISO 9000 ISO
14000
(4) IEC
2008 72 174
IEC
(5) ISO/IEC JTC1 ISO IEC
ISO IEC
ISO IEC ISO
IEC 1987 P 42
O 44 Sub Committee SC
SC Working Group WG 17 SC
4-7 4-8 5
4-7 ISO/ITC JTC1 SC
Subcommittee
SC 02 Coded character sets
SC 06 Telecommunications and Information exchange between systems
SC 07 Software and systems engineering
SC 17 Cards and personal identification
SC 22 Programming languages, their environments and system software
interfaces
SC 23 Digitally Recorded Media for Information Interchange and Storage
SC 24 Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data
representation
SC 25 Interconnection of information technology equipment
SC 27 IT Security techniques
SC 28 Office equipment
SC 29 Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information
SC 31 Automatic identification and data capture techniques
SC 32 Data management and interchange
SC 34 Document description and processing languages
SC 35 User interfaces
SC 36 Information technology for learning, education and training
SC 37 Biometrics
Ⅳ -145
4-8
SC SC 5 P
Stage 1
SC JCT1 SC P
Stage 2 Stage3
Stage 3 SC P
Stage 4 3
JTC1 P 2/3
1/4
JTC1 P
Stage 5
(6) ETSI
(EC
TISPAN NGN
3GPP
60
(7) ASTAP
(8) ANSI
ANSI ANSI
ATIS T11 Committee T11
(9) ATIS
ANSI
2004 T1 250
19 NGN IPTV
Ⅳ -146
(9) IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IEEE
IEEE Standards Association Working Group
WG IEEE 1394
IEEE 802.3, LAN IEEE 802.11 1980
802 1983 CSMA/CD Ethernet LAN
MAN 802
WG 4-33
4-34 IEEE 802
IEEE 4-9 IEEE
2
75
75 75
IEEE 802.1 Higher Layer LAN Protocols Working Group IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Working Group IE
EE
802.3 E
thernet Working G
roup
IEE
E 802.5
Token Ring W
orking Group
IEE
E 802.11
Wireless LA
N W
orking Group
IEE
E 802.15
Wireless Personal A
rea Netw
ork (WPA
N) W
orking Group
IEE
E 802.16
Broadband W
ireless Access W
orking Group
IEE
E 802.17
Resilient Packet R
ing Working G
roup
IEE
E 802.20
Mobile B
roadband Wireless A
ccess (MB
WA
) Working G
roup
IEE
E 802.21
Media Independent H
andoff Working G
roup
IEE
E 802.22
Wireless R
egional Area N
etworks W
orking Group
IEE
E TV
WS SG
TV
Whitespace E
CSG
IEEE 802.18 Radio Regulatory TAG IEEE 802.19 Coexistence TAG
Ⅳ -147
4-9 IEEE
CFI Call for Interest WG
Study Group PAR project authorization request WG
Draft1 Baseline TF
Draft2 Technical Complete
Task Force TF
Draft3 Editorial Complete Sponsor
Standard
(10) IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force
IETF 8 100
WG ( IETF RFC Request For Comment
IANA Internet Assigned Number Authority
IP
IANA
ICANN
4-10 IETF 8
Application E-mail, http
General
Internet IPv6, DNS,
Operation and
Management
SNMP,
Realtime
application and
infrastructure
, IP
Routing BGP, OSPF, IS-IS MPLS
Security TLS, PKI, S/MIME
Transport TCP Diffsrv RSVP
Ⅳ -148
8-2.
8-2-1.
50%
5 8 10 60
NHK 2015
72 Gbps 2025
1/3 10Mbps
1/2
5 1/8 10
1/60 IP
IP
IT
2016
IT 1/2
Ⅳ -150
IT
8-2-2. IP “Eco-System”
TCP/IP
(1) Independency
(2) Diversity
(3) Alternative
(4) Autonomous
(5) Connectivity
2
Eco-System
IP Post-IP
Fragment
Grid Google
SaaS Enterprise 2.0
Ⅳ -151
P2P
DMA Direct Memory Access
(*) P2P P2P
Transparent Cache
Transparent Proxy
OSI
P2P Web Service
P2P
( Naïve
P4P
TCP/IP
DTN Delay Tolerant Network
DTN
Ⅳ -152
8-2-3. “
IT IT ICT IT ICT
Eco-System
ICT IT
SCM Supply Chain Management
(
P2P
Eco-System
Eco-System
Ⅳ -153
4-1 ..................................................3
4-2 1 ..................................................4
4-3 ..................................................................................................18
4-4 ............................................................................20
4-5 ....................................................................................21
4-6 ..........................22
4-7 ...................................................................29
4-8 .................................................30
4-9 ITU 3 .......................................................31
4-10 .........................................................32
4-11 ....................................................................34
4-12 ..........................................................................37
4-13 QoS NGN.....................................................................................................41
4-14 TR-069 .........................................................................................................45
4-15 SIP ..........................................................................................46
4-16 NGN .............................................................................................................48
4-17 ITU-T NGN ................................................................49
4-18 ............................................................54
4-19 ............................................................77
4-20 IX ............................................78
4-21 ..................................................................................80
4-22 ROADM .......................................................................................................89
4-23 ROADM OXC ...............................................................................90
4-24 ............................................................................................91
4-25 ..........................................91
4-26 .....................................................................................92
4-27 ................................................................................................93
4-28 .......................................................................................................98
4-29 .......................................................................................100
4-30 .......................................................................................101
4-31 PAN IEEE802.15 ..................................................................105
4-32 UWB ............. 111
4-33 ...............................................................................................143
4-34 IEEE 802 ........................................................................................147
Ⅳ -158
4-35 ..............................................................................................155
4-1 10 Gbps ·································································64
4-2 ············································ 121
4-3 SG3 WP ························································································ 142
4-4 SG9 WP ························································································ 142
4-5 ITU-T SG ······································································· 144
4-6 ITU-R SG ······································································· 144
4-7 ISO/ITC JTC1 SC ···························································· 145
4-8 ·················································································· 146
4-9 IEEE ········································································ 148
4-10 IETF 8 ············································································· 148
Ⅳ -159