5 isotopes

12
Isotopes Objectives: 5.2 To identify the advantages & disadvantages of using isotopes in industry, medical science, basic research & in the environment

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Page 1: 5   isotopes

Isotopes

Objectives:5.2 To identify the advantages & disadvantages of using isotopes in industry, medical science, basic research & in the environment

Page 2: 5   isotopes

Are atoms of the same element, but have a different number of neutrons

ex. Carbon can have 6 or 8 neutrons

Isotopes:

C 12

6 C 14

6

6 neutrons 8 neutrons

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Have the same number of protons & electrons

Have the same atomic number

Have the same chemical reactivity

Isotopes:

C 12

6 C 14

6

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What statement is false?

A) Isotopes have the same number of protons

B) Isotopes have the same number of neutrons

C) Isotopes have the same number of electrons

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Given the three hypothetical atoms below, which are isotopes of the same element?

A 10

6 B 10

5 C 12

6

Different # neutronsSame # protons

4 neutrons 5 neutrons 6 neutrons

6 protons 5 protons 6 protons

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According to the graph below, how many isotopes of nitrogen (N) are there?

Atomic Number

Ato

mic

Mass

7 85 6

12

13

14

15

Different # neutronsDifferent Atomic MassSame Atomic Number

Find atomic number of N Trace up – each point represents an isotope

2 isotopes

Page 7: 5   isotopes

According to the graph below, what is the atomic mass of each isotope of oxygen?

Number of Protons

Nu

mb

er

of

Neu

tron

s

9 107 8

7

8

9

10

Find the number of protonsTrace up – each point represents an isotope

3 isotopes

Trace along & find the number of neutrons for each isotope

Add the number of protons & neutrons together for each isotope

Atomic mass = 18

Atomic mass = 17

Atomic mass = 16

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Occur naturally in nature & are made artificially

Most natural isotopes are stable

Some natural & artificial isotopes are unstable When unstable, release radiation

(radioisotopes)

Isotopes:

Page 9: 5   isotopes

Unstable isotopes (radioisotopes) can be used for: Cancer therapy Medical diagnosis Nuclear power plants Irradiation of foods Research Environment

Radioisotopes:

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Isotopes are atoms of the same element, but with a different number of neutrons

Same atomic number, number of protons & electrons and chemical reactivity

Natural isotopes tend to be stable

Artificial isotopes are not stable & can release radiation

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Activities:

Physical Science Worksheet #9

Page 12: 5   isotopes

References

Student Study Guide – Physical Science 416/436 - MEQ

Science Quest – Grenier, Daigle, Rheaume – 1998, Cheneliere

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