55488640 learning portuguese2

7/29/2019 55488640 Learning Portuguese2

1/21

1)The Alphabet

The Portuguese alphabet has the same 26 letters as the English one. The letters k, wand y were banned from the alphabet at one time but later returned.

The vowels and the letter c receive special marks that will be discussed in Lesson 02.

Below you can see the letters, their names and the sound files for each name as well as for thewhole alphabet.

Letter Name Sound File

Letter Name Sound File

01. A a a 14. N ene n02.B b b 15. O o03. C c c 16. P p p04. D d d 17. Q qu q05. E e 18. R erre r06. F efe f 19. S esse s07. G ge g 20. T t t08. H ag h 21. U u u09. I i i 22. V v v10. J jota j 23. W dbliu w11. K c k 24. X xis x12. L ele l 25. Y psilon y13. M eme m 26. z z z

2) Brazilian Pronunciation is not hard. It may sometimes correspond to what is written, but notas in Spanish, in which this correspondence is almost absolute. Anyway, its more logical thanEnglish: it can be learned with the help of a few rules.

Except for the nasal vowels (sounds that exist in a few European languages, likeFrench), Portuguese sounds are shared with most of the languages.

When a word has an accent mark (acute or grave), the stress always falls in the syllablethat has the accent mark.

Vowels

Portuguese has 12 vowels (7 oral and 5 nasal). Theyre the following:

a(open) pronounced ah casa,ch,sbado

(nasal) no equivalence in English no, canta, cmera

(open) as in English get vela, f
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/n.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/b.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/c.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/p.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/d.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/q.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/r.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/f.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/s.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/g.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/t.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/h.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/i.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/v.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/j.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/w.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/k.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/x.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/l.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/y.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/m.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/z.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cha.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cha.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sabado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sabado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/an.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/an.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/canta.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/camera.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/n.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/b.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/c.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/p.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/d.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/q.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/r.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/f.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/s.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/g.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/t.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/h.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/i.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/v.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/j.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/w.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/k.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/x.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/l.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/y.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/m.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/z.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cha.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sabado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/an.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/canta.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/camera.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fe.mp3


2/21

(closed) as the a in say medo, voc

e(nasal) no equivalence in English bem, vento

i (oral) always like ee, but shorter li,vida, ttulo

i (nasal) no equivalence in English sim, cinto,tmpano(open) like aw English saw av, bola

(closed) almost like o in soul av, bolo

(nasal) no equivalence in English som,pombo, Rmulo

u(oral) always like oo, but shorter tu,pulo

u(nasal) no equivalence in English um, sumir, tmulo

Further Explanation

Vocabulary

casa house ch tea sbado Saturday

no no, not canta he sings, sing! cmera camera

vela candle f faith

medo fear voc you, singular

bem well vento Wind

li I read vida life ttulo title

sim yes cinto belt tmpano eardrum

av grandmother bola ball

av grandfather bolo cake

som sound pombo pigeon

tu you (rarely used) pulo jump, I jump

um one, a sumir disappear, vanish tmulo tomb

LESSON 03 CONSONANTS

b always as in English (balo)
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/e.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/e.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/medo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/en.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/en.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vento.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/i.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/li.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/titulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/in.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/timpano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/avoh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bola.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/o.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/o.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/avo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/on.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/on.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/som.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/som.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pombo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/romulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sumir.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tumulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson02a.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/balao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/e.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/medo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/en.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vento.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/i.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/li.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/titulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/in.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/timpano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/avoh.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bola.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/o.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/avo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/on.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/som.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pombo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/romulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sumir.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tumulo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson02a.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/balao.mp3


3/21

c when before a, o and u, like k (cabea, corao, curva)

when before e and I, it sounds like s in see (cu, cinema)

(c cedilha) the cedilha, a small s, is put under the letter c to make itsound like an s (cabea, poo, acar)

d when before a, e, o and u, as in English (dar, dedo, doutor, dvida)

when before ior an e that sounds like I, like English j (dinheiro, verdade)

f always as in English (faca)

g when before a, o and u, as in English (ganhar)

when before e and i, like the s inpleasure and vision (gelo, agir)

*the rules for Portuguese g andj are the same as the French ones

h always silent, it takes part in some clusters

j always like the s inpleasure and vision (Japo,jegue,jipe,jogo,justia)

k when it appears in a word, it always sounds as in English

l when at the beginning of the word, between vowels and after a consonant, as inEnglish (lobo, bolo, plano, blusa)

when at the end of a syllable and at the end of the word, it gets a w sound (ora short Portuguese u sound) (alto, animal)

m as in English (macaco, amigo), except at the end of a syllable and at the end ofthe word, where its not pronounced, it just nasalizes the preceding vowel (fim)

n as in English (nada, pano), except at the end of a syllable and at the end of theword, where its not pronounced, it just nasalizes the preceding vowel (canto)

p always as in English (pano)

q always as in English (querer)

r when at the beginning and at the end of the word, like a weak English h (weaker at the end, sometimes silent, especially in verbs) (rato, amor, cantar)

when doubled (rr), like a weak h (carro, morrer)

when between vowels, as the d or the t in body, better (Americanpronunciation), as in Spanish (pra,porm)

when after any consonant but r, s and l, as the d or the t in body, better(American pronunciation) (prato, Brasil, droga, trabalho)
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cabeca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/coracao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/curva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ceu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinema.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cabeca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poco.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/acucar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/doutor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/duhvida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dinheiro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/verdade.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/faca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/agir.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/japao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jegue.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jipe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/justica.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/lobo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/plano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/blusa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/macaco.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amigo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nada.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/canto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/querer.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/carro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morrer.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pera.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pera.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poreim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/prato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/Brasil.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/droga.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/trabalho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cabeca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/coracao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/curva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ceu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinema.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cabeca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poco.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/acucar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/doutor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/duhvida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dinheiro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/verdade.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/faca.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/agir.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/japao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jegue.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jipe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/justica.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/lobo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/plano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/blusa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/macaco.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amigo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nada.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/canto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pano.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/querer.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/carro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morrer.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pera.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poreim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/prato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/Brasil.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/droga.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/trabalho.mp3


4/21

s when at the beginning and at the end of a word, as in English (sair, s)

when doubled, as in English (assim)

when after a consonant, as in English (falso, curso). Exceptions: words withtrans, where it sounds like z(transio)

when between vowels, like z(casa)

t when before a, e, o and u, as in English (never as in better in Americanpronunciation) (tela)

when before Iand e that sounds like i, like English ch (tia, triste)

v as in English (it doesnt sound like b as in Spanish) (vida, voc)

w usually in names, and it will depend on the origin of the word

x at the beginning of the word, like English sh (xcara)

when after n, like English sh (enxada)

when beforep and c, like s (exceto)

when at the end of the word, like ks (trax, fnix)

when between two vowels, it usually sounds like z (exrcito, exato).Exceptions are txi and txico

z as in English (azul); like s at the end of the word (paz)

Vocabulary

balo balloon fim end

cabea head canto I sing; corner

corao heart pano cloth

curva curve querer to want

cu sky, heaven rato rat

poo well (of water) carro car

acar sugar morrer to die

dar to give pra pear

dedo finger, toe porm but (more formal)

doutor doctor prato plate, dish
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sair.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/assim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/falso.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/curso.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/transicao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/triste.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/xicara.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/enxada.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exceto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/torax.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fenix.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exercito.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/toxico.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/azul.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paz.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sair.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/assim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/falso.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/curso.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/transicao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/triste.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/vida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/xicara.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/enxada.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exceto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/torax.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fenix.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exercito.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/exato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/toxico.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/azul.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paz.mp3


5/21

dvida doubt droga drug

dinheiro money trabalho work, job, I work

verdade truth sair to leave, to go out

faca knife s ace

gato cat assim thus, like this

gelo ice transio transition

agir to act tela screen

jegue donkey tia aunt

jipe jeep triste sad

jogo game xcara cup

justia justice enxada hoe

lobo wolf exceto except

bolo cake exrcito army

plano plan azul blue

blusa blouse paz peace

alto tall, high

macaco monkey, ape

amigo friend

LESSON 04 DIPHTHONGS

The main thing to know about Portuguese diphthongs is that each letter keepsits original pronunciation, i.e. theres no diphthong that sounds completely different fromthe separated letters. An a plus an u will always have the sound of an a and an ucombined, therell never be any radical change in pronunciation.

A diphthong is made of one vowel that is pronounced stronger (the vowel itself)and one that is pronounced weaker (called semivowel). The letters a, e and o usuallywork as vowels, and Iand u usually work as semivowels. In order to be a diphthong, thetwo letters have to be at the same syllable.

Theres no strict rule for Portuguese diphthongs pronunciation (just pronounce

the vowels as they are, one weakly and other strongly), but there will be given samplesfor you to understand.


6/21

Sometimes one vowel follows another in a word but theyre not pronouncedtogether; theres not one vowel stronger than the other, theyre pronounced with thesame intensity. In fact, in this case they are in different syllables. This is called hiato(hiatus). Compare a word with a diphthong, pais (parents), and one with a hiatus, pas(country). The accent can give a good tip in cases like that.

Lets go to the diphthongs, then:

Oral Diphthongs

ai as inpais

au as in mau(bad, adjective, masculine); alin mal, animal (as well as in the end ofsyllables and words) has the same sound

ei as in veia(vein), cantei (I sang)

i as in idia (idea)

eu as in eu(I), seu (your, yours)

u as in cu(sky, heaven), mel (honey)

oi as in foi (he was, he went)

i as injia (jewel)

ou as in ou(or), sou (I am)

ol as in sol (sun)

iu as in viu (he saw),mil (one thousand)

ui as in fui (I went)

Nasal Diphthongs

o as in mo (hand), corao (heart)

e as in me (mother)

e as in pe (put! he puts)

Triphthongs

Three vowels at the same syllable, one in each side working as semivowels andone in the middle working as the vowel itself:

uai as in Paraguai

ual as in igual (the same as) notice that lis pronounced like a w
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paihs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/au.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ei.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/veia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/veia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantei.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ehi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ideia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/el.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ceu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ceu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mel.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/foi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ohi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/joia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ol.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sol.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/iu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/viu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mil.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mil.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ui.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fui.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/aun.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/coracao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ain.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mae.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paraguai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ual.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/igual.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paihs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/au.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ei.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/veia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantei.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ehi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ideia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/el.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ceu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mel.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/foi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ohi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/joia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sou.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ol.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sol.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/iu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/viu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mil.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ui.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/fui.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/aun.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/coracao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ain.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mae.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/oe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paraguai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ual.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/igual.mp3


7/21

uo as in saguo (hall)

ue as in sagues (plural, halls)

LESSON 05

In this lesson, youll see (and hear, as well) some aspects of the BrazilianPortuguese speech. The rules for giving the pronunciation key from now on will also bediscussed.

The first aspect to be covered here is similar to French liaison. Words that endin s or r, when followed by a word that starts with a vowel, may have the s or the rpronounced as if they were between two vowels.

Example with s: Os bons estudantes aprendem. (The good students learn) notice the zsound between bons estudantes (the n is not pronounced in this case, itonly nasalizes the o) and between estudantesaprendem.

Examples with r: por amor (for love); o amor lindo (love is beautiful); amar bom (loving is good) notice that in all cases the rsounds as if it were between twovowels.

In the case of the letter s, the liaison happens every time, and gives morerhythm to the speech. In the case of the letter r, the liaison is used to avoidmisinterpretation and inconvenient sounds that would appear if the rwere pronouncedas a weak h. Anyway, what you have to know is that the s always suffers that kind ofliaison. Dont worry about the r, just know the liaison exists, thus, youll be able tounderstand some sentences you may hear. Sometimes, in order to avoid thismisinterpretation, the rsound is simply suppressed, i.e. its not pronounced.

Words ending in a single a ore + s orz and stressed in the last syllable alwayshave these vowels diphthongized with i, i.e., when a word ends in an a ore + an s or a zand is stressed in the last syllable, you should add a very short i to its pronunciation.Lets listen to the example: voc (you, singular) and vocs (you, plural). The finalsyllable, cs, sounds exactly the same as the numberseis (six). Other example: paz(peace).

Words like ovo (egg), corpo (body), jogo (game), morto (dead, noun and

participle) and most words like these, when doing plural have the first o, originallyclosed, pronounced opened. Compare: ovo ovos; corpo corpos;jogo jogos; morto mortos. It may sound funny if you forget to change the vowel pronunciation in thiscase. I myself used to make this mistake when I was a child. There are afewexceptions, like bolo (cake) and tolo (fool). If you find any other words like these anddont know how to say its plural, try first to use the opened vowel, it would sound lessridiculous if wrong. Anyway, this will be informed for each new word in this course.

When pronouncing words with pn, ps, dv, dj, add an ibetween the two letters.Brazilians dont pronounce the pure sound of the consonants, they add this isoundbetween then. Try to understand with the examples: pneu (tire), advogado (lawyer),

adjetivo, psicologia, objetivo.
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/saguao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uoe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/saguoes.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bnsestap.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poramor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morelind.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amarebom.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amarebom.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voces.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seis.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paz.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ovo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ovos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/corpo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/corpos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mortos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pneu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/advogado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/adjetivo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/psicolgi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/objetivo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/saguao.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uoe.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/saguoes.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bnsestap.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poramor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morelind.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amarebom.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amarebom.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voce.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/voces.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seis.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paz.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ovo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ovos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/corpo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/corpos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/jogos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/morto.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/mortos.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tolo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pneu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/advogado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/adjetivo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/psicolgi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/objetivo.mp3


8/21

The lettern before n doesnt sound exactly as in English. It has a sound closer toSpanish . In fact, its the only situation in which we can say the appears in theBrazilian Portuguese, since the nh sounds more like a short iand acts nasalizing thepreceding vowel. Listen to the examples and try to get it: ningum (nobody), animal.

Clusters

ch like English sh (not English ch): chuva (rain)

lh close to English million:filho (son)

nh originally, it had to be pronounced like Spanish . Actually, it just nasalizes theprevious vowel and adds an i to the pronunciation. Listen: banho (pronouncedlike byw).

tch like English ch. Rare to be written. Actually, its the same sound of the tbefore iin Brazilian Portuguese. Listen: tchau (bye, from Italian ciao)

Rules for the phonetic transcription

From the next lesson on, a pronunciation key for the words will be given (sometimes,

both sound file and pronunciation key; sometimes, just the pronunciation key).

The pronunciation key will follow the Portuguese rules, not the English ones. Itis not a grammar rule, its just a feature for make learning easier.

Vowels

a will be used to represent the oral a

for the nasal a

for the closed e

for the opened e

~e for the nasal e

i for the oral i (can be an e sounding like i)

~i for the nasal i

y for the semivowel i, the iwhen pronounced weakly in a diphthong (can be ane sounding like i)

for the closed o

for the opened o

~o for the nasal o
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ninguem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/chuva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/filho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/filho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/banho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tchau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ninguem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/chuva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/filho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/banho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tchau.mp3


9/21

u for the oral u (can be an o sounding like u)

~u for the nasal u

w for the semivowel u, the u when pronounced weakly in a diphthong (can bean o sounding like u)

Consonants

b for the bsounds

d for the d sound as in dedo

f for the f sound

g for the g sound as in ganhar

h for the weak r sound as in rato, ganhar

j for the j or the g as in gelo

l for the l sound (except when it sounds like w)

m for the m sound

n for the n sound

p for the p sound

r for the r as inporm, prato

s for the s sound as in seu; for the ss

t for the t sound before a, o and u, and e when it doesnt sound like i:matar,tela,autor,tudo

v for the v sound

z for the z sound

dj for the d sound as indinheiro, amizade (like English j)

k for the c sound before a, o and u

sh for the xas in xcara and for the ch as in chuva (English sh)

lh for the lh as in velho

tch for the t as in time, sorte (English ch)

ks for the x as in txi
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poreim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poreim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/prato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/matar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/autor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/autor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tudo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tudo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dinheiro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dinheiro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amizade.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/xicara.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/chuva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/velho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/time.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sorte.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ganhar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/poreim.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/prato.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/seu.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/matar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tela.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/autor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tudo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dinheiro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amizade.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/xicara.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/chuva.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/velho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/time.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/sorte.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3


10/21

The accents written in the transcription only mark whether the vowel is openedor closed. The stress will be marked by capitalizing the stressed syllable.

Examples:

casa Kaza gado GAdu uma ~Ua

amor aMH animal aniMAW dvida DJIvida

cantar kTAH terra Tha guerra Gha

para PAra viagem viAg~ei passo Psu

carro KAhu tinta TCH~Ita roa Hsa

gelo Jlu pai pay rosa Hza

txi TAksi pas paIS cinema siN~Ema

dedo Ddu som s milho Milhu

LESSON 06

Read and listen to the dialogue:

Oi, Andr, tudo bom?

Tudo bem, e voc?

Eu estou bem...

Audio

Pronunciation key

y, DR, TUdu b? * In informal language (or even in the not too

TUdu b~ei, i vC? formal one) the first syllable of the verb

estar

w t b~ei. * is not pronounced. You may not hear thefinal

u of the verbs ending in ou, too.

Literal translation

Hi, Andr, (is) everything good?

Everything well, and you?
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dihvida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/terra.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/terra.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/guerra.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/para.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/viagem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/passo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/carro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tinta.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rossa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rosa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paihs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinema.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinema.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/som.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/milho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial1.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/casa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gado.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/amor.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ahnimal.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dihvida.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cantar.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/terra.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/guerra.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/para.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/viagem.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/passo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/carro.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tinta.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rossa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/gelo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/pai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/rosa.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/taxi.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/paihs.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/cinema.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dedo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/som.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/milho.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial1.mp3


11/21

Im fine.

Proper translation

Hi, Andr, how are you?

Fine, and you?

Im fine.

Another ways of greeting (eitherformal or informal, informal only):

Ol (hello, almost never used)

Al (hello, when answering to the phone)

Bom dia (meaning good day, actually used as good morning, until 12:00 AM)Boa tarde (good afternoon, used from 12:00 AM to 6:00 PM)

Boa noite (good night, both when arriving and when leaving; theres no goodevening)

E a? (literally and there?, used among teenagers, working as how areyou?)

Como vai? (how are you going?, working as how are you?. People dont say

como est voc, the literal translation for how are you?)

Grammar

Articles

Portuguese has both kinds of articles: artigo definido (definite article) and artigoindefinido (indefinite article).The article agrees with the noun in gender and number.

Definite Articles

o masculine singular o carro (the car); o menino (the boy)

a feminine singular a casa (the house); a menina (the girl)

os masculine plural os carros (the cars) ; os meninos (the boys)

as feminine plural as casas (the houses) ; as meninas (thegirls)

Indefinite Articles

um masculine singular um carro (a car); um menino (a boy)
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ola.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bomdia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boatarde.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boanoite.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/comovai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/os.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/as.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ola.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/bomdia.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boatarde.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boanoite.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/eai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/comovai.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/u.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/os.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/as.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/um.mp3


12/21

uma feminine singular uma casa (a house; uma menina (a girl)

uns masculine plural uns carros (some cars); uns meninos

umas feminine plural umas casas (some houses); umas meninas

Notice that the Portuguese indefinite plural articles can be translated as theEnglish word some.

Pay attention to the pronunciation of the word uma. In this case, despite beingbetween two vowels, the consonant m is not pronounced. This also applied for itsderivated forms: umas, nenhuma,alguma. Its an exception in the language, but can beeasily understood: the general rule for making the feminine of a word is just to add an ato it. Since the m is not pronounced in the masculine word, it shouldnt in the feminine,too, because its just an a that is being added, no other change.

The articles will be useful for teaching the next lesson, gender of the words.

LESSON 07

Dialogue:

Eu preciso ir, Andr.

Certo...Ento, at logo!

Tchau! Audio

Pronunciation key (for rules for the pronunciation key, see Lesson 05):

w priSIzu ih, DR.

SEHtu~eTW, aT Lgu!

tchiAW!

Literal translation:

I need to go, Andr.

OkThen, until soon! *Italian greeting

Ciao*!

Proper translation:

I need to go, Andr.

OkGoodbye, then! (or so long, then)
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uns.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/umas.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/umas.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nenhuma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alguma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alguma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial2.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson05.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uns.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/umas.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/uma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/umas.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/nenhuma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/alguma.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial2.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson05.htm


13/21

Bye!

Saying goodbye (either formal or informal, informal only)

Tchau (Portuguese form of Italian ciao; used only when saying goodbye, notwhen meeting someone; the most used, together with at logo)

At logo (until soon, very common in all situations; in a less formal speech, thea is not pronounced, and at logo is pronounced as if it were only one

word: telogo)

At mais tarde (until later, less used than its reduced form at mais)

At mais (literally until more, but in fact the reduced form of at mais tarde)

At breve (a less used synonym of at logo)

At a prxima (literally until the next, but meaning until the next time; the wordvez, that means time in this case, is assumed)

Adeus (melancholic form of goodbye, hardly used)

Boa Noite (used both when arriving and when leaving, since theres no goodevening equivalent)

Gender of Nouns

Unlike English, Portuguese nouns have genders, i.e. they can be eithermasculine or feminine. This concept is easily understood when talking about people:man is masculine, woman is feminine, father is masculine, mother is feminine etc. Buthow to apply this to objects? How can a table be feminine and a sofa masculine, acomputer masculine and a printer feminine? Well, by giving a table the feminine genderit doesnt mean you consider the table physically or psychologically close to a womanIts just a grammar device. Genderseems to be illogical, specially when you know thatthe same object can have different genders in different languages. So, its better tolearn the gender of every new word learned.

Portuguese nouns can be masculine or feminine (some languages have also the

neuter gender). Theres no rule to determine the gender of a noun, but some tips canbe observed:

Words ending in o are usually masculine and words ending in a are usuallyfeminine o carro, o livro, o relgio, o corpo (the car, the book, the clock, thebody) are masculine; a mesa, a porta, a casa, a janela (the table, the door, thehouse, the window) are feminine.

Words ending in -o when it corresponds to the English -tion are usuallyfeminine,as you can notice: a emoo, a condio, a animao, a atrao andso on.

Words ending in dade are usually feminine: a verdade, a felicidade, a idade(the truth, the happiness, the age).
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tchau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atelogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/telogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/temaista.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atemais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atemais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/temaista.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atebreve.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atelogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ateaprox.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/adeus.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boanoite.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boanoite.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/tchau.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atelogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/telogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/temaista.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atemais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atemais.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/temaista.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atebreve.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/atelogo.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/ateaprox.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/adeus.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/boanoite.mp3


14/21

Words ending in agem are usually feminine: a viagem, a passagem (the trip;the passage or the ticket).

Exercise

Try to guess the gender of the nouns below, by adding the correct article. (Pass the

mouse forward the noun and check the answer, i.e. the article used with the word, and its

translation).

__casa a, house __prncipe o, prince __espelho o, mirror

__gelo o, ice __princesa a, princess __televiso a, television

__poeta o, poet __carta a, letter (mail) __pessoa a, person

__poetisa a, poetess __medo o, fear __rdio o, radio

__vaca a, cow __boi o, ox __touro o, bull

__cavalo o, horse __gua a, mare __ovelha a, sheep

__cabra a, female goat __bode o, male goat __carneiro o, ram

__corao o, heart __pele a, skin __besouro o, beetle

__cabea a, head __olho o, eye __brao o, arm

__orelha a, ext. ear __p o, foot __nariz o, nose

__ouvido o, int. ear __clonagem a, cloning __mo a, hand

__vtima a, victim __sensao a, feeling __amizade a, friendship

__testemunha a, witness __povo o, people __aro, air

__lpis o, pencil __caneta a, pen __abelha a, bee

__borboleta a, butterfly __perna a, leg __boca a, mouth

__razo a, reason __beleza a, beauty __dinheiro o, money

Some Portuguese nouns have one form for the masculine and one for thefeminine: o menino (the boy), a menina (the girl); o homem (the man), a mulher (thewoman). Others use the same form for the masculine and for the feminine, and thearticle makes the difference: o artista, a artista (the artist), o/a cliente (the client. Andothers have only one form that is used regardless the gender: a vtima (the victim), acriana (the child), a pessoa (the person), o indivduo (the individual).

LESSON 08


15/21

Dialogue:

Por favor, onde a farmcia?

logo ali na esquina.

Obrigado.

Phonetic Transcription:

puhfaVh, dji a fahMAsya?

l gwal, naysK~Ina.

briGAdu.

Literal Translation:

Please, where is the drugstore?

Its right there, at the corner.

Thanks.

Proper Translation

Excuse me, where is the drugstore?

Right there, at the corner.

Thanks.

Saying (and answering) thanks.

The Portuguese translation for thanks (Spanish gracias, Italian grazie) isgraas. So, Thanksgiving Day is the Dia de Ao de Graas. However, this word isnot used when simple saying thanks or thank you. In this case, the word used isobrigado when said by a man and obrigada when said by a woman (many Brazilianwomen dont know this, and wrongly use obrigado). The first o is hardly pronounced,only in very formal situations people really say obrigado and obrigada. Thus, you willsay (and listen to) brigado and brigada in most times.

The word graas is used in sentences like Graas a voc, estamos vivos.(Thanks to you, we are alive). Its singular, graa, means grace, and is used in theexpression de graa (free, for free, can also be replaced by the adjective grtis). It doesmake sens: something we dont have to pay for is a grace. The verb to thank istranslated as agradecer. See how far we have gone by just explaining how to say thankyou!


16/21

The verb to be Part I

The English verb to be can be translated as serorestar, both irregular. Theverb ser is used basically for permanent conditions, qualities, and estar, for transitoryconditions, for states. Ser is also used for the passive voice, and estar, for thecontinuous tense. This lesson, were going to study the verb ser. Lets see how it is

conjugated in thepresente do indicativo (simple present):

Eu sou w sw (If youre not sure about thephonetical

Tu s tu s transcription, review Lesson 05)

Ele/Ela li/la

Ns somos nys Smus

Vs sois vys sys

Eles/ Elas so lis/las sw Subject Pronouns: A Detailed View

Examples:

Eu sou brasileiro. w sw braziLYru I am Brazilian

(nationality/birthplace doesnt change everytime)

Ele feliz. li fLIS He is happy.

(meaning He is a happy person.)

Vocs so muito bonitas. vSYS sw M~UYtu b~uNItas You are very beautiful.

(notice that bonitas is feminine; this may be said to women)

verdade? vhDAdji? Is it a truth (true)?

bom aprender. b aPR~Edh Its good to learn. Quem voc?* k~ey vS? Who are you?

* When asking How are you?, Where are you, the verb used is not ser, becauseyoure asking about a determined moment, not a permanent condition.

Exercise:

Complete with serin the present form. Pass the mouse to check the answer andtranslation.

1. Voc ____ americano? (, Are you American?)2. Quem _____ eles? (so, Who are they?)
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson05.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/sbdv.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/lesson05.htmhttp://br.geocities.com/konkero/sbdv.htm


17/21

3. Ns _______ estudantes. (somos; We are students.)4. Eu ____ grato a vocs por tudo. (sou; Im thankful to you/I thank you for

everything.)5. Ele ___ meu irmo. (; He is my brother.)6. Ela ___ tima, no ___? (, ; She is great, isnt she?)7. Vs ____ deuses (sois; You are gods, biblical excerpt)

8. Seu pai ___ medico? (; Is your father a doctor? Notice the article is not used inPortuguese in this case)9. ______ ns que vamos pagar a conta. (Somos; Its we who are going to pay the

Bill.)10.Algum aperta a campainha[Someone rings the door Bell...

Quem ___? ; Who is (out there)?

____ eu! Sou; Its me!]

Now, you can practice with your own affirmative, negative and interrogative

sentences, using the vocabulary given in the previous lessons

Did I say interrogative and negative?! Yes!!! Theyre much more easy than inEnglish!

For negative sentences:

Simply add no (not, no) before the verb:

Eu sou brasileiro. (Affirmative)

I am Brazilian

Eu no sou brasileiro. (Negative)

I am not Brazilian.

For interrogative sentences:

Just change the . for an ? (and, obviously, give the sentence an interrogativetone when talking):

Eu sou brasileiro?

Am I Brazilian?

LESSON 09

In this lesson you will learn how to answer to the phone in Portuguese from the more formal

to the more familiar ways.Dialogue A (at work)

Phonetic Transcription
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial6a.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial6a.mp3


18/21

Escritrio de Advocacia J S, boa tarde iskriTriu djadjivkaSA Jta si,ba TAHdji...

Boa tarde. Dr. Joo, por favor. Ba TAHdji. DwTH juW, puhfaVH.

Um momento... ~u mM~ENtu

Literal TranslationProper Translation

J S Advocacy Office, good afternoon J S Advocacy Office, goodafternoon

Good afternoon. Dr. Joo, please. Good afternoon. Could you pleasecall Dr. Joo?

One moment Wait a moment

The person who called could also have said Gostaria de falar com o Dr. Joo.(Id like to talk to Dr. Joo, gstaRIa dji faLAH cw douTOH juW). However, the

basic model is exactly this one: everytime you call a commercial telephone in Brazilyou will hear the firms name plus greetings (depending on the day time, bom dia, boatarde or boa noite). Youd rarely call a firm and have the person in the other lineanswering Al, which is the common way to answer to the phone at home. Lets go tothe home examples:

Dialogue B (at home, formal)Phonetic Transcription

Al! aL... Al. Gostaria de falar com Teresa, elaest?

aL. Gostaria dji faLAH c teRza,la isT?

No, ela saiu. Quer deixar recado? nw, la saIW. K deyxahKAdu? Sim, diga a ela que Ana ligou. s~i, DJIga a la ki na liGW. Certo, vou dizer. SHtu, vw djiZH.

Literal TranslationProper Translation

Hello! Hello! Hello. Id like to talk to Teresa, is she? Hello. Id like to talk to Teresa, is

she (there, at home)? No, she left. Want to let message? No, she left. Do you want to let a

message?Yes, tell her that Ana called. Yes, tell her Ana has called (her). Right, (I) go to say. Ok, I will.

More about answering the phone in the Lesson 11. Now, lets have some grammar

The verb to be Part II

In the previous lesson, we talked about the first verb used for to be inPortuguese: the verb ser. Now, were going to explain the usage of the other verb:

estar.
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial6b.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial6b.mp3


19/21

Estaris basically used for transitory conditions, while seris used for permanentones. Estaris also an irregular verb, as it doesnt follow the patterns of the conjugation itbelongs to (the first one, -ar verbs). Bellow you see the conjugation pattern for estar(presente do indicativo). The transcription indicates how it is pronounced in itscomplete form and in its widely spreadshort form.

Estar (1st Conjugation,irregular)

Eu estou (isTW, to)

Tuests (ists, t)

Ele est (ist, t)Ns estamos (isTmus; Tmus orTmu)Vs estais (estais; vs isnt widely used)Eles esto (isTW; tw)

LESSON 10

Dialogue:

Na feira...

Ei, quanto custa a melancia?

Dez reais o quilo.

Est certo, vou levar. Audio

Phonetic Transcription:

na FYraNote

y, KWtu KUSta a mlSIa? Remember that the firstsyllable of the verb estar is

usually not pronounced.

dys reAYzu Kilu.

t SHtu, vw lVAH.

Literal Translation:

At the market...

Hey, how much costs the watermelon?

Ten reais the kilo.

Its right, Im going to take.

Proper Translation:
http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial4.mp3http://br.geocities.com/konkero/mp3/dial4.mp3


20/21

At the market

Hey, how much does the watermelon cost?

Ten reais a kilo.

Ok, Ill take it.

People also say Quanto ? (How much is it?). In fact, you may hear Quanto ? more often

than Quanto custa?.

Presente do Indicativo Part I Regular Verbs

The presente do indicativo corresponds to the simple present. The indicativo isthe verbal mood used for real things. There are two other verbal moods inPortuguese: the subjunctive, used for hypotethical situations and usually followed by a

conditional sentence; and the imperative, used for commands. You dont need to knowthis explanation about the verbal moods, it was just to show how the word indicativoappeared.

Conjugating a verb

A Portuguese verb may have one of these three endings: ar (most of them:cantar, estar, trabalhar); er (ser, beber, vender) or ir (ir, conseguir, dormir). Each ofthese verbs follow a different pattern for showing the tense, mood and person. We call

these patterns conjugao (conjugation). Thus, the verbs ending in ar belong to theprimeira conjugao (first conjugation), those ending in er belong to the Segundaconjugao (second conjugation) and those ending in ir, to the terceira conjugao(third conjugation). There are some verbs ending in or, like pr (to put). They are allirregular and are conjugated like the verb pr and are included in the secondconjugation (the verbprwas formerly calledpoer, therefore it used to end in er).

The usefulness of knowing these conjugations is that each regularverb of eachconjugation follows a pattern; once you know the pattern for a regularverb ending in ar,youll be able to con jugate any other regularverb that also ends in ar. The irregularverbs dont follow these common patterns. You have to memorize them, but they also

have their own logic, and so this will be easy to do it.

You may already know the presente do indicativo form of two irregularverbs:estar(first conjugation) and ser(second conjugation). In this lesson, were studying theregular verbs. Some of the most common irregular verbs will be taught in the nextlesson. Below its the table for the regularverbs. The examples used will be cantar(tosing), beber (to drink) and partir (to leave, to go away), each one belonging to adifferent conjugation:

PrimeiraConjugao SegundaConjugao Terceira Conjugao

Eu canto bebo parto


21/21

Tucantas bebes partes

Ele canta bebe parteNs cantamos bebemos partimosVs cantais bebeis partisEles cantam bebem partem

We use the presente do indicativo in the same situations we would use thesimple present. Lets see some examples:

O cu azul. (u sw aZUW). The sky is blue.

O livro est em cima da mesa. (u Livru t ~eiC~Ima da Mza). The book is onthe table.

Ela trabalha em um supermercado. (la traBAlha ~ey ~u suphmhKAdu).

She works in a supermarket.

Eu sempre acordo tarde aos domingos. (w S~Epri aCHdu TAHdji awsduM~Igus).

Like the English simple present, it can also be used to express the future, as longas an adverb for the future is used.

Eu viajo amanh. (w viAju am~y). I travel tomorrow.

Dont hesitate in using the presente do indicativo everytime you think you woulduse the simple present; you may be correct in almost all cases.

Exercises

Fill in the blanks with the verb in parenthesis in the proper form (pass the mouseto check the answers):

1. Ela ________ muito. (viajar) (viaja; la viAja M~Uitu; She travels a lot.)

2. Como voc ________ bem! (cantar) (canta; Kmu vS Kta b~ei; how well you

sing!, meaning you sing very well!)

55488640 learning portuguese2

Documents