58 seminar 1 · model the rate of change of membrane potential is given by dv dt =(−iion +istim)/...

22
Елена Елена Суровяткина Суровяткина Институт космический исследований Российской академии наук Институт космический исследований Российской академии наук

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Page 1: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

ЕленаЕлена СуровяткинаСуровяткина

Институт космический исследований Российской академии наукИнститут космический исследований Российской академии наук

Page 2: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

СодержаниеСодержаниеСодержаниеСодержаниеСодержаниеСодержаниеСодержаниеСодержание

ВведениеВведение

Сложная, большая, Сложная, большая, multimulti--scale scale системасистема

�� Описание Описание модели и постановка задачимодели и постановка задачи�� Бифуркационный анализБифуркационный анализ�� Бифуркационный анализБифуркационный анализ�� Инвариантное Инвариантное свойство свойство мультистабильностимультистабильностимультистабильностимультистабильности

�� ПриложенияПриложения

ЗаключениеЗаключение

2

Page 3: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

БОЛЬШБОЛЬШАЯАЯ, , MULTIMULTI--SCALE , LARGESCALE , LARGE--SCALE SCALE СИСТЕМСИСТЕМААБОЛЬШБОЛЬШАЯАЯ, , MULTIMULTI--SCALE , LARGESCALE , LARGE--SCALE SCALE СИСТЕМСИСТЕМАА

“Большая система, управляемая система -“Большая система, управляемая система -совокупность взаимосвязанных управляемых подсистем, объединённых общей целью функционирования.”(БСЭ)

Характерные особенности:

• Наличие выделяемых частей (подсистем);• Наличие выделяемых частей (подсистем);

• Связи между подсистемами;

• Связь с другими системами (внешней средой).• Связь с другими системами (внешней средой).

Системный подход - исследование на раскрытие Системный подход - исследование на раскрытие целостности объекта и обеспечивающих её механизмов, на выявление многообразных типов связей сложного

3

на выявление многообразных типов связей сложного объекта и сведение их в единую теоретическую картину.

Page 4: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

ModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModelModel

The rate of change of membrane potential is given byThe rate of change of membrane potential is given by

CIIdtdV stimion /)( +−=wherewhere

IionI

wherewhere-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

C

-- a stimulus currenta stimulus current,,

-- the membrane capacitancethe membrane capacitance

stimI

4

C -- the membrane capacitancethe membrane capacitance

Page 5: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

LuoLuo--Rudy model Rudy model Tr

ansm

embr

ane

C. C. LuoLuo and Y. Rudy.and Y. Rudy. CircCirc. Res. Vol. 68. Res. Vol. 68NN°°6, 15016, 1501--1526 (1991)1526 (1991)

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

V

(m

V)

stimion

C

II

dt

dV )( +−=

sodi

um

curr

ent,

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

V

(m

V)

mCdt

bKpKKCaNaion IIIIIII +++++=1

Ionic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currents

Fas

t so

dium

cu

rren

t, IN

a

)(23 3NaNa EVjhmI −=

Ionic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currentsIonic currents

Slo

w

inw

ard

curr

ent,

ICa ),( CaCaCa EVfdGI −⋅⋅⋅=

( ),EVXXGI −⋅⋅⋅=Slo

w

inw

ard

curr

ent,

Pot

assi

um

curr

ents

, , K

p, K

1

( ),kikk EVXXGI −⋅⋅⋅=( ),1 111 kkk EVKGI −⋅⋅= ∞

( ),0183.0 EVKI −⋅⋅=

Pot

assi

um

curr

ents

, K

, Kp,

( ),0183.0 KppKp EVKI −⋅⋅=

( )87.5903921.0 +⋅= VI

Bac

kgro

und

curr

ent,

5

( )87.5903921.0 +⋅= VIb

Bac

kgro

und

curr

ent,

Ib

time, ms

Page 6: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Ionic gatesIonic gates yyydtdy τ/)( −= ∞

1 aC

a

X

f

d

j

h

m

yyy βα

τ+

= 1

yy

yay

βα +=∞

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

)(23 3 EVjhmI −=

)(),( VfVf yy == βα

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

)(23 3NaNa EVjhmI −=

),( EVfdGI −⋅⋅⋅=

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

),( CaCaCa EVfdGI −⋅⋅⋅=

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

( ),EVXXGI −⋅⋅⋅=

[ ]( ) [ ]( )CaIdtCad −+⋅−= −− 44 1007.010/

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

( ),kikk EVXXGI −⋅⋅⋅=

6

[ ]( ) [ ]( )iCai CaIdtCad −+⋅−= −− 44 1007.010/

time, ms

Ca

X

f

d

j

h

m

Page 7: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

)(23 3NaNa EVjhmI −= yy

y βατ

+= 1

yy

yay

βα +=∞yyydtdy τ/)( −= ∞

47.13)exp[-0.1(-147.13)0.32(

++=V

Vmα

For all range of V

)(23 NaNa EVjhmI −=),( CaCaCa EVfdGI −⋅⋅⋅=

( )iCa CaLnE ][0287.137.7 ⋅−=47.13)exp[-0.1(-1 +

=Vmα

)11

exp(08.0V

m −=β

For > - 40 mVV

( )iCa CaLnE ][0287.137.7 ⋅−=

( )[ ]( )[ ]5072.0exp1

501.0exp095.0

−−+−−⋅=

V

Vdα

( )[ ]44017.0exp07.0 +−⋅ VFor > - 40 mV0== jh aα

) 10 exp(-2.535 0.3 -7⋅= Vβ

V ( )[ ])]44(05.0exp[1

44017.0exp07.0

+++−⋅=

v

Vdβ

( )[ ]28008.0exp012.0 +−⋅ V32)]exp[-0.1(1

) 10 exp(-2.535 0.3++⋅=

V

Vjβ

11.1])-10.66)/ [exp0.13(11++

=Vhβ

( )[ ])]28(15.0exp[1

28008.0exp012.0

+++−⋅=

V

Vfα

( )[ ]( )[ ]

3002.0exp0065.0 +−⋅= Vβ11.1])-10.66)/ [exp0.13(1 ++ V

For < - 40 mV

6.8]-)/exp[(80 0.135 Vh +=α

V

( )[ ]( )[ ]302.0exp1 +−+

=Vfβ

[ ]( ) [ ]( )iCai CaIdtCad −+⋅−= −− 44 1007.010/6.8]-)/exp[(80 0.135 Vh +=α

)exp(0.35 105 3.1)exp(0.079 3.56 VVh +=β37.78)( )]91exp(-0.043 10 3.474-)exp(0.2444 10 [-1.2714 55 +⋅⋅⋅⋅= VVVα

LuoLuo--Rudy model ...Rudy model ...7

79.23)( exp[0.3111

37.78)( )]91exp(-0.043 10 3.474-)exp(0.2444 10 [-1.2714

+++⋅⋅⋅⋅=

V

VVVjα

))14.40(1378.0exp(1)01052.0exp(1212.0

+−+−⋅=

V

Vjβ

Page 8: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

( ),1 EVKGI −⋅⋅=yy

y βατ

+= 1

yy

yay

βα +=∞yyydtdy τ/)( −= ∞

( ),1 111 kkk EVKGI −⋅⋅= ∞

[ ] 4.5/6047.0 01 KGk ⋅=( ),0183.0 KppKp EVKI −⋅⋅=

EE =[ ] 4.5/6047.0 01 KGk ⋅=

( )]215.592385.0exp[1

02.1

11 −−⋅+

=K

K EVα

1KKp EE =

( )[ ]}{ 98.5/488.7exp1/1 VK p −+=1K

( )[ ] ( )[ ]( )[ ]753.45143.0exp1

31.59406175.0exp476.508032.0exp49124.0

1

111 +−⋅−+

−−⋅++−⋅⋅=k

kkk EV

EVEVβ

( ),kikk EVXXGI −⋅⋅⋅=

( )[ ]753.45143.0exp1 1 +−⋅−+ kEV

mVV 100−> ( )[ ]{( ) ( ))3504.0exp(77

17704.0exp837.2

+⋅+−+⋅=

VV

VX i

For

[ ] .4.5/282.0 0KG k ⋅=

( ) ( ))3504.0exp(77 +⋅+=

VVX i

mVforVX i 1001 −≤=

( )[ ]50083.0exp0005.0 +⋅= Vα( )[ ]2006.0exp0013.0 +−⋅= V

χβ

LuoLuo--Rudy model Rudy model 8

( )[ ])]50(057.0exp[1

50083.0exp0005.0

+++⋅=

V

Vχα )]20(04.0exp[1 +−+

=Vχβ

Page 9: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

ACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALACTION POTENTIALmVTr

ansm

embr

ane

volta

ge

CIIdtdV /)( +−=+50

mVTr

ansm

embr

ane

volta

ge

CIIdtdV stimion /)( +−=

0 t, t, мsecмsec

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

APDAPD DIDI-72

-84 RestRest

ThresholdThreshold

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

APDAPD DIDI

APD APD -- action potential durationaction potential duration

-84 RestRestTran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

PCLPCL TimeTime

I -- stimulus currentstimulus currentAPD APD -- action potential durationaction potential duration

DIDI -- diastolic intervaldiastolic interval

stimI -- stimulus currentstimulus current

PCLstimI

9PCL PCL -- pacing cycle lengthpacing cycle length

stimI

stimτ

Page 10: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Steady states of

action potential durationaction potential duration

msPCL 180=120=APD 120=APD

1:1

volta

ge, m

Vvo

ltage

, mV

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

msPCL 152=108=APD

Tran

smem

bran

eTr

ansm

embr

ane

volta

ge, m

Vvo

ltage

, mV

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

1:1

Tran

smem

bran

eTr

ansm

embr

ane

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

1:1

msPCL 140=

178=APD

Tran

smem

bran

eTr

ansm

embr

ane

*Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

1:2178=APD

Time, msTime, ms

-72

10

Time, msTime, ms

Page 11: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

-100

-50

0

50

100

=113ms 1:1APD

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-100

-50

0

50

100

2:21APD =151ms =33ms

2APD

160=PCL

Bifurcation diagramBifurcation diagram 50

100

=179ms2:1

APD

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-100

152=PCL

Bifurcation diagramBifurcation diagram2:1 4:3

Ste

ady

valu

es o

f act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

nS

tead

y va

lues

of a

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion

50

100

=183ms =165ms 4:2APD APD

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-100

-50

0

140=PCL

2:2

1:1

4:2

Ste

ady

valu

es o

f act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

nS

tead

y va

lues

of a

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion

=Q

T=

QT

), m

s),

ms

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-100

-50

0

50 =183ms =165ms 4:21APD

2APD

100132=PCL

Ste

ady

valu

es o

f act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

nS

tead

y va

lues

of a

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion

AP

DA

PD

=Q

T=

QT

1APD

1APD2

APD

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-100

-50

0

50

100

=181ms =118ms

=32ms

4:3

120=PCL

Ste

ady

valu

es o

f act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

nS

tead

y va

lues

of a

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion

((AP

DA

PD

120=PCL

112/30 cmAI st µ=Pacing cycle length (PCLPacing cycle length (PCL==RR), msS

tead

y va

lues

of a

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion

Ste

ady

valu

es o

f act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n

Page 12: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Michael Michael RubartRubart and Douglas P. and Douglas P. ZipesZipes, Mechanisms of sudden , Mechanisms of sudden cardiac death, cardiac death, J. J. ClinClin. Invest. Invest. 115,2305 (2005).. 115,2305 (2005).

“While the implantable “While the implantable cardiovertercardioverter defibrillator defibrillator (ICD) improves survival in high(ICD) improves survival in high--risk patients , risk patients , (ICD) improves survival in high(ICD) improves survival in high--risk patients , risk patients , standard standard antiarrhythmicantiarrhythmic drug therapy has failed to drug therapy has failed to reduce, and in some instances has increased, the reduce, and in some instances has increased, the incidence of SCD. incidence of SCD. incidence of SCD. incidence of SCD.

In fact, the greatest reduction in cardiovascular mortality In fact, the greatest reduction in cardiovascular mortality (including SCD) in patients with clinically manifest heart (including SCD) in patients with clinically manifest heart (including SCD) in patients with clinically manifest heart (including SCD) in patients with clinically manifest heart disease has resulted from the use of beta blockers and nondisease has resulted from the use of beta blockers and non--antiarrhythmicantiarrhythmic drugs”drugs”antiarrhythmicantiarrhythmic drugs”drugs”

12

Page 13: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Noisy Unmaskers of MultistabilityNoisy Unmaskers of Multistability

ms

ms

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

(ac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, (

AP

D)

AP

D)

ms

ms

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

(ac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, (

msf 1=σ0=fσ2/30 cmAI st µ=

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

(ac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, (

/30 cmAI st µ=

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

(ac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, (

Ste

ady

valu

esS

tead

y va

lues

ofofS

tead

y va

lues

Ste

ady

valu

es

msf 5=σ13

msf 5.0=σPacing cycle length, msPacing cycle length, ms Pacing cycle length, (Pacing cycle length, (PCLPCL) ms) ms

Ste

ady

valu

esS

tead

y va

lues

Page 14: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

ExperimentalExperimental observations of observations of

bibi--stability in cardio dynamicsstability in cardio dynamicsbibi--stability in cardio dynamicsstability in cardio dynamics

� G. R. Mines, ‘‘On dynamic equilibrium in the heart,’’ J. Physiol. London 46, 349–383 ,1913.London 46, 349–383 ,1913.

� Yehia, A.R., Jeandupeux, D., Alonso, F., Guevara, M.R., Hysteresis and bi-stability in the direct transition from 1:1 to 2:1 rhythm in periodically driven single ventricular cells. Chaos 9 rhythm in periodically driven single ventricular cells. Chaos 9 (4) (1999), 916–931.

� Guevara M.R., Ward G., Shrier A., Glass L., Electrical alternansand period-doubling bifurcations. In: Computers in Cardiology. and period-doubling bifurcations. In: Computers in Cardiology. IEEE Computer Society, Silver Spring, MD, (1984) 167–170.

� Goldhaber, J. I., Xie, L. H., Duong, T, Motter, C., Khuu, K, and Weiss, J. N. (2005). Action potential duration restitution and Weiss, J. N. (2005). Action potential duration restitution and alternans in rabbit ventricular myocytes: the key role of intracellular calcium cycling, Circ. Res. 96, pp. 459–466.

14

Page 15: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

15

Page 16: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

DoubleDouble--stage protocolstage protocol of stimulationof stimulation

PCL=180A

CIAPD

PCL=152

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

B

PCL=152

CI

1APDPCL=180

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

CI2APD

Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

C

PCL=180 PCL=152CI

1APD

2APD

*Act

ion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n, m

sA

ctio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

ms

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

Tran

smem

bran

e vo

ltage

, mV

2APD

16

Multistability - the coexistence of different dynamical regimes of cardiac cell-model at a fixed set of stimulation parameters

Page 17: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Multistability as lability invariantMultistability as lability invariant2/30 cmAI µ= 2/40 cmAI µ=

ms

ms

2:1

1:1 2:2

4:2

2:1

1:1

4:2

/30 cmAI st µ= 2/40 cmAI st µ=(A

PD

)(A

PD

)m

sm

s

1:1

4:3

1:1

4:3

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

(AP

D)

(AP

D)

=12

0 m

s

2:2

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

CI=

120

ms

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

actio

n po

tent

ial d

urat

ion,

1:1 1:1 4:34:3M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

CI=

150

ms

M U

L T

I S

T A

B I

L I T

Y

Ste

ady

valu

esS

tead

y va

lues

ofofac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n,ac

tion

pote

ntia

l dur

atio

n,

CI

Ste

ady

valu

esS

tead

y va

lues

17Preliminary stimulation: PCL=180Pacing cycle length, (Pacing cycle length, (PCL) PCL) msms

Ste

ady

valu

esS

tead

y va

lues

Page 18: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Multistability as variability invariantMultistability as variability invariantm

s 00 75.0;75.0;06.0 ffddCaG ττττ === 00 5.0;5.0;08.0 ffddCaG ττττ ===

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75.0;75.0;06.0 ffddCaG ττττ === 5.0;5.0;08.0 ffddCaG ττττ ===

1:1

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18Preliminary stimulation: PCL=1802/30 cmAI st µ=

Pacing cycle length, (PCL) msSte

ady

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es

Page 19: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Basins of attraction Basins of attraction -- Vulnerable windowsVulnerable windows

2:1 PCL=180 ms PCL=152 msac

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CI=150 msst µ=

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4:20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

-100

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0

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100

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1000 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

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50

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190 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

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4:3

Page 20: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

20

Page 21: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

ЗаключениеЗаключение� Показана возможность использования

бифуркационного анализа для поиска инвариантов бифуркационного анализа для поиска инвариантов в сложных системах.

� Установлен механизм мультистабильности в модели � Установлен механизм мультистабильности в модели электрической проводимости клетки миокарда.

� Обнаружены бассейны притяжения устойчивых � Обнаружены бассейны притяжения устойчивых режимов на кривых потенциала действия миоцита, которые объясняют существование опасных окон уязвимости на ЭКГ-сигнале .уязвимости на ЭКГ-сигнале .

� Показано, что механизм мультистабильности инвариантен как по отношению к процессу инвариантен как по отношению к процессу управления, так и по отношению к вариабельности состояний клетки.

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Page 22: 58 seminar 1 · Model The rate of change of membrane potential is given by dV dt =(−Iion +Istim)/ C where I Iion-- the the total ionic current density,total ionic current density,

Stay in good health!

Listen to your heart....Listen to your heart....

Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!

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