5g vs. fttx, friends or foes? - ecoc exhibition focus 2017... · 5g vs. fttx, friends or foes? ......

5G vs. FTTx, friends or foes?

ECOC, Gothenburg, Sweden18th September 2017

杜豫章 Frank Du, Product Line Manager, Source Photonics

Source Photonics Confidential and Proprietary

5G-TTH (5G to the home) instead of FTTH?

Slideno.2

The excitement was brought by Samsung and Verizon back in Feb 2017 at the World Mobile Congress

• Samsung announces complete portfolio of commercial 5G products and solutions

• In pre-commercial trials that started in December 2016, Verizon and Samsung demonstrated multi-gigabit per second speeds at distances of up 1,500 feet. The initial customer trials will use 28 GHz frequency airwaves for service to fixed points, like a home router


Questions

Slideno.3

1. Converge: 5G to replace FTTx service?

2. Converge: FTTx infrastructure to enable 5G?

3. No change, and remain as 2 independent networks?

Relationship between wireless and fixed access networks as 5G approaches?


Agenda

Slideno.4

1. Introduction to 5G and FTTx

2. Wireless and FTTx deployment: China as the case in point

3. Relationship between 5G vs. FTTx

Introduction to 5G and FTTx

Slideno.5


5G to the home explained

Slideno.6

Source of image: Samsung

• 28GHz mmWave (Note: carrier frequency of 4G LTE usually goes lower than 2.6GHz)• Samsung's demo unit was running 4Gbps to one router• The signal covers a few hundred meters• There is no 5G directly to mobile phone yet（power consumption is a big problem as of 2017)

From base station to CPE (customer premise equipment), the “5G home router”1

• 802.11ac Wi-Fi

From CPE to mobile phones, computers…at home

2

Backhaul: from base station to transport network 3• Fiber, or microwave


Wireless communication 101 - 4G LTE as a case

Slideno.7

BBU RRUTransportCPRI

Antenna

Data rate between BBU and RRUCPRI data rate: Sampling frequency * (I-phase bit width + Q-phase bit width) * # of antenna * line coding (10B/8B)

Data rate between BBU and transport

• Carrier bandwidth: 20 MHz• MIMO: 2 x 2• DL modulation: 64QAM

Packet


The road to 5G

Slideno.8

Antenna

1 More channel bandwidth

• Carrier bandwidth of 4G LTE: 20 MHz• Carrier bandwidth of 5G: > 100 MHz• 5G: goes beyond 3.5 GHz or even higher (mm Wave),

allowing higher channel bandwidth• Carrier aggregation

The most straightforward way to increase channel capacity

3 Higher order modulationand better coding schemes

• Modulation: 256 QAM?• Coding: ?

Put more bits onto one carrier

2 Multi-access technologyMultiple users use a band of carriers more efficiently

• 2G: TDMA• 3G: CDMA• 4G: OFDM• 5G:?

4 MIMO

• 4G: MIMO- 4 x 4, 8 x 8• 5G: 64 antennas, 256 antennas… massive MIMO

Capacity grows proportionally as # of antennas grows


4G base station

Slideno.9

4G base station installed on a roofLocation: Chengdu


Look into a 4G LTE base station

Slideno.10

BBU: baseband unit

Source of image: Huawei

RRU: remote radio unit

Antenna

4G base station installed on a roof

Usually, access transport equipment in the same room


End user bandwidth in 5G

Slideno.11

• Download data rate of every single user: > 100 Mbps• Upload data rate: > 50 Mbps

• Capacity of a base station: downstream, 20 Gbps; upstream: 10 Gbps

5G


FTTx

Slideno.12

GPONisVery MatureHighVolume Deployment

Commoditized Cost

10GEPONandXGS-PONNatural Evolution

GreenfieldorOverlay?

UseinBackhaul

NGPON2or25G/100GBandwidthvsFlexibility

TunablevsFatPipe

VideoVoiceData

RemoteOLT

10GDWDM

1G

25G

4 x 10G

10G

1G

10G

NGPON2

G.FAST


FTTx: a GPON and XGSPON system

Slideno.13

OLTOptical network terminal

ODNOptical distribution network

ONUOptical network unit

XGS-PON OLT

WDM1r

GPON OLT

1577nm, 10G

1270nm, 10G/2.5G

1490nm, 2.5G

1310nm, 1.25G

GPON ONU

splitter

• Tx: 1310nm, 1.25G• Rx: 1490nm, 2.5G

XGPON ONU• Tx: 1270nm, 2.5G• Rx: 1577nm, 10G

XGS-PON ONU

• Tx: 1270nm, 10G• Rx: 1577nm, 10G


End user bandwidth in XGS-PON OLT

Slideno.14

• XGS-PON OLT downstream data rate: 9.953Gbps • Split ratio: 128• Oversubscription: 25%• Bandwidth efficiency: 92%

Conditions

• 9953Mbps * 92% / 25% / 128 = 286 Mbps ?

Downstream data rat of a household:


Positioning of fixed and wireless access networks

Slideno.15

Wireless FTTx

• Mobile phone• Average data usage in

China’s LTE users: 1027 to 1521 MB

• 4K video, IPTV, home desktop• One HD movie can easily exceed 1GB• Cost for operators is cheaper than

wireless when average user bandwidth is higher than a certain level (source of data: China Telecom)

Wireless and FTTx deployment:China as the case in point

Slideno.16


China in global access network market

Slideno.17

• By August 2017, China has approximately 2.99 million 4G base stations, counting for > 40% of the global volume (6.5 million to 7 million)

Wireless – 4G LTE

Fixed broadband - PON

Source of data: IHS

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

9,000,000

Volume of GPON and EPON OLT deployment from 2010 to 2021

GPON OLT - global

GPON OLT - China

EPON OLT - global

EPON OLT - China

• 86% of EPON OLT were deployed in China; 76% of all GPON OLT were in China

• As of Q3’2017, most of the 10G PON OLT are bought by China market, too


Architecture of China‘s telecom network –the overall hierarchy

Slideno.18

• Connects 1 to 3 core cities in each province

1 Nation-wide backbone

• Connects each city in one province

2 Province-wide backbone

• Provides FTTx and wireless access and the backhaul in a city, for example, Chengdu（成都）, or Suzhou (苏州）

3 Metro network


Logical network architecture - national backbone

Slideno.19

陕西

江苏

广东

山西

甘肃

新疆

宁夏

青海

西藏

河南

内蒙古黑龙江吉林辽宁河北

山东

福建

江西

云南广西贵州海南湖南

湖北

青岛

济南

沈阳大连长春吉林哈尔滨

太原

兰州

乌鲁木齐

银川

拉萨

贵阳

唐山石家庄

郑州

洛阳

通辽呼和浩特

三亚海口柳州南宁

天津

天津

广东

浙江温州

上海

江苏

重庆

重庆

北京

北京

安徽

四川

西宁

武汉

无锡

西安

深圳

芜湖

合肥

九江

南昌

福州

厦门

长沙衡阳昆明

南京

广州

成都

天津

上海

杭州

12×10G

20× 10G

16×10G

16× 10G20×

10G 4× 40G

20×

10G

16× 10G

12× 10G

2×2.

5G

12× 10G

12× 10G

12× 10G

12× 10G

16× 10G

16× 10G

12× 10G12× 10G

12×10G

12×

10G

16× 10G

12× 10G

12× 10G

16× 10G

10× 10G

10× 10G

12×10G

12× 10G

2× 2. 5G

北京

上海1× 40G

12×10G

16×10G

上海

• Several national core node connected in a mesh• 80x100G OTN in use

Source of image: China Telecom


Logical network architecture - provincial backbone

Slideno.20

溧阳

宜兴

溧水59. 19km(53. 88km)(47. 35km)

50. 64km91. 69km(81. 44km)

丹阳

苏州无锡

68. 61km(69. 29km)

(85. 22km)85. 53km

江阴

OTM-80

常州

OTM-80OTM-80

靖江

泰兴

(85. 59km)77. 36km85. 22km

(85. 53km)

石庄泰兴靖江

OTM-80

泰州

南通

OTM-80

62. 68km(67. 60km)

阜宁

响水

滨海(73. 00km)67. 98km

灌云

55. 52km(79. 00km)

(65. 37km)62. 80km

56. 69km(58. 27km)

六合

仪征

江都

高邮

楚州

宝应

33. 72km(34. 73km)

扬州

OTM-80

(90. 00km)81. 16km

句容

龙潭(94. 21km)104. 72km

镇江

OTM-80

OTM-80

六合47. 79km(41. 77km)

南京

(90. 60km)76. 44km

85. 09km(101. 19km)

旧铺

马坝

盐城OTM-80建湖

涟水泗阳

(59. 32km)57. 90km

洋河

38. 00km(39. 64km)濉宁

双沟

92. 13km(92. 27km)

OTM-80淮安

宿迁 OTM-80

82. 59km(82. 08km)

东海新沂

邳州大许

40. 70km(39. 94km)

104. 50km(91. 92m)(77. 28km)

80. 36km 连云港

OTM-80OTM-80

徐州

120. 83km(128. 82km)

(41. 78km)41. 77km

(61. 00km)60. 30km

(45. 73km)45. 21km

66. 77km(65. 77km)

(107. 54km)106. 99km

(69. 57km)66. 91km

尚庄 93. 93km(81. 90km)

76. 93km(60. 43km)

唐子

兴化

Wuxi

XuZhou

Su Qian

Huai An

Yang Zhou

Tai Zhou

Zhen JiangChang Zhou

Nan Tong

Yan Cheng

Lian Yun Gang

Su Zhou

• Prefecture-level cities (地级市) in a province connected (21 such cities in Sichuan Province, whose area is similar as that of France)

• Minimum distance between 2 cities is usually > 80 to 100km

• OTN in use

Source of image: China Telecom


Logical network architecture - metro

Slideno.21

10G

10G

1G

10GMetro

network

10G/100G

1G

Core router

BRASSR

BRASSR

Provincial or nation-wide backbone

Wireless base stations are connected upwards to PTN / IP RAN access layer

Metro aggregation

Fixed access network are connected upwards to core routers in a metro area.

Metro core

Metro core

Metro transport Metro IP data network

OLT

ONUONUONU

PTN/IP RAN


Fixed and wireless network: share central offices and cable tunnel

Slideno.22

Core node

Aggregation node

Aggregation node

Access nodeWireless

PON

Source of image: China Mobile

• Share of physical resources: cable tunnel, fiber cable, central offices

• Only separate in the ”last mile” –wireless front-haul and PON


Wireless and FTTx access coverage in China

Slideno.23

• In urban areas of China, FTTH covers > 90% of households; in suburban and rural areas, 30%

• Availability of 4G LTE: 73.83%, ranking within the top 20 nations/regions

4G Availability ComparisonFebruary 2016

Source of data: OpenSignal

Overall, China has a well developed access network: both 4G LTE and FTTx


Customer base and ARPU

Slideno.24

ChinaMobile ChinaTelecom ChinaUnicommobile(4G/3G/2G) mobilecustomerbase(million) 848.9 215.0 263.8

AverageRevenueperUserperMonth(ARPU)(RMB/user/month)

57.5 55.5 46.4

fixedbroadband customerbase(million) 77.6 123.1 75.2

AverageRevenueperUserperMonth(ARPU)(RMB/user/month)

32.1 54.2 49.4

Customer base and ARPU from mobile and fixed service of the 3 telecom operators in China, 2016

• 237 million fixed broadband subscribers (households) from the 3 telecom operators in China, representing 15% of the mobile + fixed access revenue


Summary of wireless and FTTx deployment in China

Slideno.25

1. Well developed fiber deployment for wireless, and particularly FTTx in urban areas (ODN counts for 50% to 70% of the total cost of PON in China, and probably even higher in U.S. and Europe)

2. Wireless and FTTx shares mutual physical infrastructures in metro transport: optical cable, cable tunnel and central offices – this can this be considered a form of ”convergence”

3. FTTx represents a considerable share of revenue for all the 3 telecom operators in China

Relationship between 5G and FTTx

Slideno.26


China Mobile1. Some small volume of XG-PON and

XGS-PON deployed started in 2016/2017 for FTTB in particular

Global 10G PON OLT deployment

Slideno.27

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

China Telecom1. massive upgrade to 10G EPON OLT started in

2015/20162. Massive 10G GPON upgrade with combo PON

starting in the end of 2017 and early 2018

1 2

AT&T1. Focuses on

XGS-PON

3

• The transition to 10G PON started from 2014/205 in China, and not yet widely adopted in markets out of China

• Massive deployment of 10G PON will last until at least 2025


Plan of 5G from operators

• 2017: select 4~5 cities, and build 7 base stations at each city• 2018: select more cities, and build 20 base stations at each city• 2019: increase city quantity and base station quantity for each city• 2020: build 10,000 base stations (notes: in 2014, China mobile built 500,000 base stations).

China Mobile

• Vodafone conducted the first live public 5G demonstration in Australia in Oct. 2016, with Nokia at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS).

Vodafone

• Ericsson together with América Móvil bring the first 5G test system to Brazil in 2016, and will complete commercial networks in 2020.

América Móvil

• Airtel is busy in expanding 4G services to towns and villages in India. Even Airtel 4G is just available in limited locations across major cities and towns. Tentative Airtel 5G launch in India could happen in 2018-2019.

Airtel

• AT&T will launch our first “5G Evolution Markets” in the coming months in Austin and Indianapolis in 2017. We expect our wireless network to offer theoretical peak speeds of 400Mbps or higher.

AT&T


Hypothesis on 5G deployment in China

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

• 3.5 GHz, 8 to 16 antennas• Bandwidth: 100MHz• RRU to DU data rate: 50G, 100G, or higher• Basically follows the 3.5G prototype released by

China Mobile

Massively deployment in 2021 to 2022

• Higher bandwidth?• RRU to DU data rate?

5G small cell

1

• NB-IoT resides on the existing 4G LTE infrastructure

• Can be deployed on 5G, too

IoT2

3

5G macro cell


How to deploy 5G in a metro network of China- one aggregation ring

Aggregation layer

CU

DU

DU DU

Access PTN

BBURRU

• Data rate: 3 * 25G • Optical transceiver: 25G SFP28; or simply i-temp 100G QSFP28• < 1.4km?

• 50G ring• Optical transceiver:

50G?• 10km

DU

• 100G ring?• Or DWDM?• Single lambda 100G

QSFP28 10km

• DWDM?• Up to 40km or

even higher

Distance between two adjacent nodes in aggregation ring: 3-10 km

Distance between two adjacent nodes in the “smaller” access ring：100s meters to 2km

Distance between two adjacent nodes in the “bigger” access ring：100s meters to 2km


How to deploy 5G in a metro network of China- one aggregation ringSource: China MobileTwo-Level Front-haul Architecture and Requirements, Jan 2017; IEEE

Aggregation ring

CU

BBURRU PTN

DU

• 4G * 3 * 6 = 72G• In option 2, 4G for each DU-to-CU connection

• 72G * 6 = 432G

RRU + Antenna

• 3 RRU per node

• 2 optical transceiver per RRU (suppose 25G SFP28 used)

• eCRPI rate = 25G• 3 * 2 * 25G * 6 = 900G

WDM?

One typical 5G deployment scenario envisioned by China Mobile

DU

DU

DU

DUDU

• 1 CU à 6 DU• 1 DU à 6 RRU

• 1 CU à 36 RRU

• FTN


Extra investment needed on next-gen PON and 5G wireless

Slideno.32

Next-gen PON (10G PON)

5G wireless

• As > 90% of urban areas in China (as of 2017, 58% of China’s 1.3 billion people live in urban areas) has been covered with FTTH, the ODN for PON is largely ready?

• Extra investment needed goes to 10G PON OLT and 10G PON ONU, where >70% of the cost is optical transceivers

• 10G PON OLT and ONU optical transceivers have become very affordable as of 2017

• 2 to 5 times more base station needed than 4G LTE• More fiber plants required to accommodate increased number of base stations• Expensive (at least today) 25G (i-temp), 100G and tunable WDM optics needed in

front-haul and transport network• Overall, 4 to 5 time more investment will be needed than 4G LTE to have full-

coverage of 5G in China (source of data: China Telecom)


5G and 10G PON in China

5G

FTTx – 10G PON

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Penetration to users

Year

• Massively deployment of 10G PON to deliver Gigabit to the home in China

• Development of technology, proof of concept, pilot…

1

2

• Wide coverage of 5G base stations


Answer to the questions

Slideno.34

1. Converge: 5G to cover FTTx service?

2. Converge: FTTx infrastructure to deliver 5G?

3. No change, and remain as 2 independent networks?

Relationship between wireless and fixed access networks as 5G approaches?

• Limited. Home broadband will still be largely serviced by FTTx in China

• Partially. 10G PON for small cell in 5G

• In the “last mile”, yes. But on metro transport, wireless and FTTx has already been sharing infrastructures

Taiwan9F,No81,ShuiLeeRd.Hsinchu,Taiwan,R.O.C.Tel:886-3-5169222Fax:886-3-5169213

ChengduBuilding#2&5,West ExportProcessingZoneNo.8KexinRoad,Hi-TechZone,Chengdu, 611731,ChinaTel:(86)28-8795-8788Fax:(86)28-8795-8787

Shenzhen2/F,EYANGBuilding,No.3ofQiminRd,Langshan2ndStreet, Hi-TechIndustrialParkNorth,NanshanDistrict,Shenzhen,518057,ChinaTel:(86)755-8613-9096Fax:(86)755-8613-9080

BeijingRoom A1103, Building A, No.21Pingyuanli, Yatai Center, XichengDistrict, Beijing 100054 ChinaTel:(86) 10-8354-2819Fax:(86) 10-8352-5490

ShanghaiRoom701,BuildingDEverbrightConvention&ExhibitionCenterNo.80CaobaoRoad,Shanghai,200235,ChinaTel:(86)21-6432-5418,6432-7065Fax:(86)21-6432-5417

USHeadquarters8521FallbrookAvenue,Suite200,WestHills,CA91304Tel:(818)773-9044Fax:(818)773-0261

Milpitas1525McCarthyBlvd.,Suite1131,Milpitas,CA95035Tel: (408)888-8569Fax:(408)955-0415

5g vs. fttx, friends or foes? - ecoc exhibition focus 2017... · 5g vs. fttx, friends or foes? ......

Documents