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6-30_conceptual design of reactive distillation

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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF REACTIVE DISTILLATION COLUMNS USING STAGE COMPOSITION LINES Matthias Groemping**, Ramona-M Dragomir* and Megan Jobson* ** Degussa AG, Hanau, Germany * Department of Process Integration, UMIST, Manchester, UK  A conceptual design methodology for the synthesis of reactive distillation columns is presented. The me thod as sesses feasibility of a prop osed rea ctive distillation column, designs the column and allows evaluation of the design for both fully reactive and ‘hybrid’ co lumn configurations. Stage composition lines are used to represent all possible liquid compositions in a column section, for specified product compositions and for all reflux or reboil ratios. Reaction equilibrium is assumed on ea ch reactive stage, and va pour-liquid equilibrium is a ssumed on all stages. The graphical co lumn design method allows fast and relatively simple screening of different reactive distillation column configura tions. The methodology is illustrated by application to an ideal reactive system and for MTBE production. KEYWORDS: transformed composition space, feasibility, hybrid column INTRODUCTION Distillation with chemical reaction has received attention as an alternative to conventional processes; reactive distillation has proved to be an economical alternative in many applications (e.g. MTBE and TAME synthesis, production of methyl acetate, manufacture of di-isopropyl ether, oligomerisation of linear butenes and removal of butadiene through dimerisation). Process synthesis for reactive distillation includes design and optimisation of the column. Because of the interactions between reaction and dis tillation in the combined unit, the modelling an d design of reactive distillation is complex. The reaction influences the composition on each tray, and thus mass transfer and vapour and liquid loads; for homogeneously catalysed reaction s, the liquid hold-up is another important design parameter, because the reaction extent is not only a function of tray compositions and temperature, but also of residence time. An alternative appro ach, which is adopted in this work, is to assume that the reaction equilibrium is achieved on each stage.

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