6 bim sensitive analysis carl brookes - cotac · 2020. 7. 23. · 3d laser scanning and geometry...

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09/12/2016 BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR

BIM4HERITAGE

BIM SENSITIVE ANALYSIS CARL BROOKES


DEVELOPING 3D MODELS OF HISTORIC ASSETS FOR SIMULATION AND ASSESSMENT

BIM level 1 Introduction

Exploring some of the issues and technologies requiring BIM Level 1 resources by looking at some past Ramboll examples

•  The influence of the construction of the Shard of Glass on London Bridge Station

•  Strength assessment of The Iron Bridge

•  Improving the earthquake resistance of a historic masonry chimney in Baku

•  Simulation and monitoring of masonry vaults at Leeds Station

•  Internal environmental simulation – Lawrence Hall


LONDON BRIDGE STATION INFLUENCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SHARD OF GLASS


STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT: FROM RECORD INFORMATION

Construction phases and joints Very limited geometry available


STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT: DECONSTRUCTION, LARGE EXCAVATION, CONSTRUCTION OF SHARD


MODELLING PROCESS

•  Point cloud

•  Surface model (LAM)

•  Solid model

•  Finite Element mesh

•  Structural analysis (ground movement)

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LAM PROCESS


3D GEOMETRY AND FINITE ELEMENT MODEL


TYPICAL RESULTS

S3

Compressive Stresses

DL Min -2.3 MPa

Ground movement

Global -2.3 MPa

Local <-3 MPa


THE IRON BRIDGE RISK AND STRENGTH ASSESSMENT


INTRODUCTION 1.  Background

2.  Laser survey and Geometry modelling

3.  Archive research - summary

4.  Structural analysis/simulation and strength assessment


MAIN SPAN CONDITION

Broken joint

Clamped decorative rings and also shows discontinuous deck plates

Bracketed connection to support deck

Clamped joint

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ENVIRONMENTAL LOADING EXTREME FLOODING AND IMPACT

The risk: Collision impact from a River Severn boat broken away in extreme flood

The risk – debris during floods 09/12/2016

BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR

3D LASER SCANNING AND GEOMETRY MODELLING

•  Capturing the built environment

•  Precise measurement

•  An accurate 3D geometry model

•  A resource for desktop inspection

•  Provides the basis of geometric and analysis models

•  Generally provides better geometric information than has ever been possible in the past


POINT CLOUD: PRECISE 3D MEASUREMENT

Point cloud Surface model Surface mesh


POINT CLOUD: VIEWED FROM ANY DIRECTION

Point cloud Surface model Surface mesh


MODELLING PROCESS

The LAM® process software includes

•  Rhinoceros

•  Pointools plugin and edit

•  In-house software

•  Display3 and NISA2

•  ANSYS Mechanical


VISUALISATION OF MODELLING PROCESS

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VISUALISATION OF MODELLING PROCESS


ACCURATE GEOMETRY FOR MODELLING


GEOMETRY MODELLING: MAIN RADIAL LINKS The radial links are an example of where in some instances repeated identical parts have been made which were most likely cast in the same moulds; very early production engineering

•  Our work has identified 11 different types

•  Software written to copy these different types into position

Different types of link


STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Why 3D solid FE model instead of traditional 3D line beam?

•  Very fine measurement density has revealed the variability in almost all member cross-sections used in the bridge

•  Tradition 3D space frame would have required thousands of geometric property calculations, for stiffness and then stress calculations.

Edge rib cross-section

Internal rib cross-section


STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Why 3D solid FE model instead of traditional 3D line beam?

•  To represent different material properties within a member, for instance zones of high porosity

Red indicates soft material


STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS THE IRON BRIDGE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

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MODELLING DEFECTS: FRAME E NORTH


DEFECTS: GRID B7

Red indicates cracked material


UNDERSIDE PLAN OF DECK PLATES

Cracked deck plate


POSITION OF DEFECTS – POTENTIAL PART OF BIM


FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

Red indicates where cracks are modelled


TYPICAL RESULTS

Calculated stresses under flood debris impact

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HISTORIC CHIMNEY STRENGTHENING WIND AND EARTHQUAKES

Point cloud showing retrofitted reinforcement


WIND LOADING - MICROCLIMATE

Chimney shown in blue between two proposed tall buildings


WIND LOADING – MICROCLIMATE: TYPICAL RESULTS

LES simulation

Microclimate Wind coefficient 09/12/2016

BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR

PRECISE GEOMETRY

To set out retrofitted reinforcement

Established using a UAV, HD video and digital photogrammetry

Survey control provided by a network of targets with their precise position measured by total station

Outside of

chimney Inside of chimney



INCLINED ANCHORS POSITION AND DIRECTION VERY CHALLENGING

Basic idea Horizontal plane to help set out direction point

Surface breakout

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INCLINED ANCHORS MAKING SURE RIG WILL FIT


SIMULATION AND MONITORING OF MASONRY VAULTS AT LEEDS STATION EMERGING BIM PROCESSES


LOCATION AND PLAN


3D LASER POINT CLOUD


3D GEOMETRY: EXTERNAL SURFACES


2D GEOMETRY FOR SIMPLE ASSESSMENT

Section 2

Section 1

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LEVEL 0 MASONRY ARCH ASSESSMENT GEOMETRY

Section 2

Section 1


ASSESS PROPOSED STEELWORK: GEOMETRY

Based on Ramboll 3D model and Mott MacDonald drawings


CHECK PROPOSED STEELWORK GEOMETRY

Based on Ramboll 3D model and Mott MacDonald drawings 09/12/2016 BIM4HERITAGE SEMINAR

ASSESS PROPOSED STEELWORK: LOADING

Based on Mott MacDonald drawing, assumed to carry all E load

E Existing 298 kN (dead+live)


INTERNAL DIMENSIONS: BARREL THICKNESS


INTERNAL DIMENSIONS - BARREL THICKNESS LOADING SI DATA INTO MODEL

Cores 1, 2 and 3 from below, and core 8 from above Barrel thickness 0.7m, quadripartite rib thickness 0.98m

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INTERNAL DIMENSIONS BACKING LEVEL LOADING SI DATA INTO MODEL

Based on record drawings of earlier foundation work circa 2000


3D GEOMETRY

Platform, foundation, concrete fill and ballast removed


3D FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

From below


TYPICAL RESULTS VON MISES, SOFT BACKING, COMPRESSION YIELD, 4.5 MPA

Factor x 1.5


LAWRENCE HALL WESTMINSTER INTERNAL ENVIRIONMENT ASSESSMENT

6 bim sensitive analysis carl brookes - cotac · 2020. 7. 23. · 3d laser scanning and geometry...

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