6 - groups and teams (2)

7/27/2019 6 - Groups and Teams (2)

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Team Processes


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Class AgendaWhat is a team?

How to design an effective team?What happens in teams?

How do teams develop over time?


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Group Effectiveness

GOAL: Maximize Process Gains while

Minimizing process Losses!

Potential

Group

Effectiveness

Process

Gains

Process

Losses

Actual

Group

Effectiveness

+ - =

So, why are some teams more than the sum of

their parts?


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So what are processes? The I-P-O Model

Norms

Size

Roles

Status

Composition

Personality

Abilities

Diversity

Demography

Inputs Processes Outputs

Process Gains

Coordination

Cohesion

Cooperation

Potency

Process Losses

Production Blocking

Social Loafing

Groupthink

Performance

Effectiveness

Decision MakingLearning

Adaptation

Routines


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Team Processes

Teams that minimize process loss and

maximize process gain typically excel in threeareas of team process

Taskwork Processes

Teamwork Processes

Team States


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Taskwork Processes


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Taskwork Process Video Clips: The Apprentice UK

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppjE_crkSGY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppjE_crkSGYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppjE_crkSGY


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Taskwork ProcessesCreative Behavior

Brainstorming

1. Express all ideas, no matter how wild

2. Go for quantity of ideas, not quality

3. Dont criticize or evaluate

4. Build on the ideas of others

Did brainstorming work for the Apprentice teams?


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Taskwork Processes

Brainstorming sessions rarely work as well as

intended.

Why doesnt it work?

Social loafing

Fear of criticism

Production Blocking

Groupthink

Does it ever work?

Group Nominal Technique


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Taskwork ProcessesGroup Decision Making

Did the members of the Apprentice team struggle with

making sound decisions?

Hierarchical

Sensitivity

Staff

Validity

Decision

Informity

Decision-

making

Accuracy


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Now, you have a real group decision to make!


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Final Presentation Topics Downsizing Expatriate Adjustment

Mergers & Acquisitions

Virtual Team

Work Stress

Work/Life Balance

Emotional Labor

Employee Engagement

Abusive Supervision Headhunting

Ethical Leadership

Corporate Social Responsibility


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Taskwork Process

Boundary Spanning: activities with individuals and groups

other than those who are considered part of the team.

AMBASSADOR ACTIVITIES: communications with top

management to protect the team, persuade superiors to support

the team, obtain resources for the team

TASK COORDINATOR ACTIVITIES: communications to

coordinate task related activities with other teams/divisions

SCOUT ACTIVITIES: things members do to obtain info on

technologies, competitors, or broader marketplace


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Teamwork Processes

Transition

Analyze mission Formulate strategy Specify goals

Action

Monitor progress Coordinate efforts Helping behaviors

Interpersonal

Motivation building Emotion management Conflict management


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Teamwork Process Conflict Management

Taskconflict: disagreements among membersabout the teams task.

Relationship conflict: disagreements among team

members in terms of interpersonal relationships

or incompatibilities with respect to personalvalues or preferences.


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Teamwork Process Top performance teams shared three conflict

resolution tendencies:

Focusing on the content of interpersonalinteractions rather than the delivery style

Explicitly discussing any reasons behind team

decisions

Assigning work to members with relevantexpertise instead of assigning by other

common means such as volunteering, default,

or convenience.


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Team StatesSpecific feelings and thoughts that coalesce in

the minds of team members as a consequence

of their experience working together

Cohesionemotional bounds and ties that create an

attachment among team members

Potencythe degree to which members believe that

the team can be effective across a variety of situations

and tasks

Transactive Memoryhow specialized knowledge is

distributed among members to create effective system

of memory for the team


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Team Development I

I. Understand team boundaries and what is expected of team members

II. Committed to ideas you brought to the team; unwilling to accommodate

ideas of others, which leads to conflict

III. Realize need to work together (cooperation); norms & expectations

develop

IV. Comfortable working in roles; teams is now making progress toward goal

Forming Storming Norming Performing


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Team Development II

Punctuated

Equilibrium


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Next Time Leadership (Ch. 15)

6 - groups and teams (2)

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