6 management
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Management of Ecosystems
• Other factors that affect ecosystems
• Pest management
• Marine reserves
• Zoos
• Selective logging
Abiotic factors
• Temperature• Light• Substrate• Water currents• Trace elements• Pressure
Biotic
• Inter-specific relationships
• Intra-specific relationships
• Zonation• Straitifcation• Predator prey
relationships
Pest Management
• Biological control
• Physical methods
• Resistant strains
• Sterilisation
• Cultural control
• Introducing disease
• Chemical control
Biological Control
• Artificial control of pests or parasites using other organisms
• Must ensure only the target pest affected
• Will not wipe out a pest entirely
Physical Methods
• Traps• Homes built for
predators• Chop down invasive
creepers
Resistant Strains
• Breed plants resistant to rust and other fungi
• Graft plants onto resistant root stock
• Breed animals resistant to parasites
Sterilisation
• Male insects exposed to radiation
• Mate with female but no eggs develop
• Males caught in sticky trap, lured by female sex hormone
Cultural Control
• Alter feature of environment (destroy niche)– Drain swamp– Destroy crop
remains– Crop rotation
Introduce Disease
• Must be – Specific– transferable
• Often develop immunity
• Myxomatosis in rabbits
• Calcivirus in rabbits
Chemical Control
• Lay carrots or pellets of poison (1080, DDT, 2,4,5,T)
• Cyanide baits to kill rats, stoats, weasels
• Spray poisons (painted apple moth control)
Marine Reserves
• Areas of seabed and foreshore where no commercial fishing or shellfish gathering is allowed
• Managed by DOC• Contain viable
examples of ecosystems
• Large pristine natural areas
• Act as controls for measurement of management practices
• For scientific or recreational use
Reasons for Reserves
• Aesthetic• Recreational• Educational• Management• Breeding grounds• Protection of
species or habitat• Genetic
conservation
Zoo Breeding Programs
• Conservation of endangered species
• Raised to look after themselves then transferred to a predator free environment
Selective Logging
• Sustainable forest management
• Take only mature trees in such a way as the forest is as unaffected as possible