ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA

Basal cell layer

Prickle cell layer

Granular cell layer

Cornified cell layer

basal

intermediate

superficial

Lamina propriaLamina propria

Stratified squamous epithelium

Keratinized Non-keratinized:

•orthoortho-keratin.•parapara-keratin.

Papillarylayer

Reticular layer

glands or

fat cells

May or

may not be

present

Oral Oral epitheliumepithelium

SubmucosSubmucosaa

Basement

membrane

KeratinizedKeratinizedEpitheliumEpithelium

NonNon--keratinizekeratinize

ddepitheliumepithelium

Types of Types of KeratinizationKeratinization

Orthokeratinized st. sq. epith.

Parakeratinized st. sq. epith

ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA

MASTICATORY

LINING

SPECIALIZED

GINGIVA, HARD PALATE DORSUM OF TONGUE

LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE

OF TONGUESOFT PALATE

ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, FLOOR OF MOUTHVESTIBULAR FORNIX

LOOSELY ATTACHED FIRMLY ATTACHED

GINGIVA

HARD PALATE Macro-anatomy : shape, regions… Micro-anatomy:

Histological Structure

Epithelium: Lamina propria:type epithelial ridges

papillary layer reticular layer

Submucosa: present or absent associated structures

glandsb.v.nervesadipose tissue

Masticatory Masticatory MucosaMucosa

Gingiva – Macro-Anatomy

Free gingiva

attached gingiva

Gingival stipplingFree

gingival groove

palepink

interdenta

l“col”

region

Gingival

sulcus

Interdental fold

Pigmentation

Normal stippling

Extrinsic pigmentation: Amalgum tattoo

Gingival margin

Free gingiva

attached gingiva

Gingivalsulcus

Gingival stippling

Free gingival groove

Dentin

Space ofenamelSulcular epithelium

Junctional epithelium

cementum

dentinogingiva

l fibers

Gingiva – Micro-Anatomy

Histology of the Gingiva

keratenized stratified squamous epithelium

Lamina propria

Epithelial ridges

C.T papilla

long

NumerousSlenderIrregular

No submucosa

Gingival Gingival LigamentLigament

B: Dento-gingival group

D: Alveolo-gingival group

A: Circular group

C: Dento-periosteal group

Hard Palate Macro-anatomy

incisive

papillamedian

palatine raphe

soft palate

uvula

palatine gingiva

palatine rugae

antero-lateral (fatty) zone

postero-lateral

(glandular) zone

Hard Palate Macro-anatomy

Histology of the Hard Palate

SubmucosaGlandular zone

Epithelial ridges are long,irregular and numerous Mucosa

Fatty zone

Hard Palate Micro-anatomy

ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA

MASTICATORY

LINING

SPECIALIZED

GINGIVA, HARD PALATE DORSUM OF TONGUE

LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE

OF TONGUESOFT PALATE

ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, FLOOR OF MOUTHVESTIBULAR FORNIX

LOOSELY ATTACHED FIRMLY ATTACHED

LINING MUCOSA

LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE

OF TONGUESOFT PALATE

ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, VESTIBULAR FORNIXFLOOR OF MOUTH

LOOSELY ATTACHEDFIRMLY ATTACHED

The LipThe Lip

Skin Skin SideSide

Vermilion Vermilion zonezone

Mucous Membrane Mucous Membrane sideside

The LipThe Lip

Skin SideSkin Side

VermilioVermilion zonen zone

Mucous Mucous Membrane Membrane

sideside

Sebaceous glands

salivary glands

epidermis( stratum lucidum)

eleidinSeat & sebaseous

glands

thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.

minor salivary glands

Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.

(occasional Fordyce spots)

Skin Skin SideSide

epidermis( stratum lucidum)

eleidinSeat & sebaseous

glands

Sweat glands

A- Hair follicles

B- Sebaceous glannds

C- Sweat glands

The LipThe Lip

Skin SideSkin Side

epidermis

(stratum lucidum)

Eleidin

•Hair follicles

•Sweat glands

• Sebaseous glands

Hair papilla

Hair root

Vermilion zone

(red zone)Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.

Mucous Membrane SideMucous Membrane Sideof the Lipof the Lip

thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.

minor salivary glands(labial glands)

Sebaceous glands

(occasional Fordyce spots)

Alveolar mucosa

Floor of the mouth

Vestibular fornix

Loosely Attached “Movable”mucosa

loosely attached to periosteum

loosly attached to underlying structures

allows mobility of the tongue

allows mobility of lips and cheeks

Alveolar mucosa

mucogingival junction

Epithelium: st. sq. nonker. epith ,.few or no epith. ridges

lamina propria:

Loose C.T, collagen & elastic fibersSubmucosa: thick elastic fibers

& mixed salivary glands

Floor of the mouth Very tin epith.lamina propria

highly vascularizes

Vestibular fornix

Loosely Attached“Movable”mucosa

Firmly Attached Immovable Firmly Attached Immovable mucosamucosa Lip & cheek

mucosaInferior surfaceof the tongue

Soft palate

Oral side

Nasal side:pseudustratified

ciliated epith .

ventral surface of the tongue

Firmly attached to underlying muscles

Thin non.kert. st.sq. epith.Sew-teeth appearance of epith ridges

Tongue Dorsal SurfaceTongue Dorsal Surface

Specialized Specialized MucosaMucosa

Tongue PapillaeTongue Papillae

Filiform papillae

Fungiform papillae

Circumvallate papillae

“SEM”

von Ebner salivary glnds

Von Ebner

salivary gland

Circumvallate papillae

trough

Von Ebner

salivary gland

Foliate papillae

Taste Bud

SEM

H & E stain

Taste Bud

3 -Neuroepithelial cell

1 -Outer supporting cell

Taste pore

2-Inner supporting cell

Taste distribution

Posterior Third of TonguePosterior Third of Tonguelymphatic part

Lingual tonsilLingual tonsil

Weber salivary gland (Pure mucous gland

Lingual cryptLymphatic nodules(follicles)

Weber salivary glands