6 product specifications. perancangan produk. teknik industri

8/13/2019 6 Product Specifications. perancangan produk. teknik industri

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Product Specifications

Teaching materials to accompany:

Product Design and Development

Chapter 6

Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger5th Edition, Irwin McGraw-Hill, 2012.


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Produc t Design and DevelopmentKarl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger

5th edition, Irwin McGraw-Hill, 2012.

Chapter Table of Contents:1. Introduction2. Development Processes and Organizations3. Opportunity Identification4. Product Planning5. Identifying Customer Needs6. Product Specifications

7. Concept Generation8. Concept Selection9. Concept Testing10. Product Architecture11. Industrial Design12. Design for Environment

13. Design for Manufacturing14. Prototyping

15. Robust Design16. Patents and Intellectual Property17. Product Development Economics18. Managing Projects


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Concept Development Process

Perform Economic Analysis

Benchmark Competitive Products

Build and Test Models and Prototypes

Identify

Customer

Needs

Establish

Target

Specifications

Generate

Product

Concepts

Select

Product

Concept(s)

Set

Final

Specifications

Plan

Downstream

Development

Mission

Statement Test

Product

Concept(s)

Development

Plan

Target Specs

Based on customer needsand benchmarking

Final Specs

Based on selected concept,feasibility, models, testing,

and trade-offs


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Outline

Nature of specifications

Spec vs. specs.

Target vs. final specs.

Process for setting target specs

Process for setting final specs


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Spec vs. Specs

A spec consists of a metric, a unit, and

a value

Specs has a set of specs.


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Target vs. Final Specs

Target specs: the hope and aspiration

of the design (ideal and marginal)

Refined specs: trade-offs amongdifferent desired characteristics.

Intermediate specs

Final specs

It is in the projects contract book


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Nature of Specifications

The reference point for functionality design and

quality planning

Poin referensi dari fungsi desain dan rencanakualitas

A product assembly usually requires a hierarchy

of specs, for the final product and each of its

components

Perakitan produk biasanya berasal dari hirarki

specs. Untuk produk final dan dari setiap

komponen


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The Product Specs Process

1. Set Target Specifications Based on customer needs and benchmarks

Develop metrics for each need

Set ideal and acceptable values2. Refine Specifications

Based on selected concept and feasibility testing

Technical and economic modeling

Trade-offs are critical

3. Reflect on the Results and the Process

Critical for ongoing improvement


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Procedure for establishing

target specifications1. Identify a list of metrics and measurement

units that sufficiently address the needs

2. Collect the competitive benchmarkinginformation

3. Set ideal and marginally acceptable target

values for each metric (using at least, at

most, between, exactly, etc.)

4. Reflect on the results and the process


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Process for setting the final

specifications1. Develop technical models to assess technical feasibility. The

input is design variable and the output is a measurement using

a metric.

2. Develop a cost model of the product.3. Refine the specifications, making tradeoffs, where necessary to

form a competitive map.

4. Flow down the final overall specs to specs for each

subsystem (component and part).

5. Reflect on the results to see Whether the product is a winner, and/or

How much uncertainty there is in the technical and cost model, or

Whether there is a need to develop a better technical model.


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Product Specifications Example:

Mountain Bike Suspension Fork


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Start with the Customer Needs


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Metrics Exercise:

Ball Point PenCustomer Need:

The pen writes smoothly.


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Establish Metrics and Units


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Link Metrics to Needs


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Benchmark on Customer Needs


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Benchmark on Metrics


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Assign Marginal and Ideal Values


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Concept Development Process

Perform Economic Analysis

Benchmark Competitive Products

Build and Test Models and Prototypes

Identify

Customer

Needs

Establish

Target

Specifications

Generate

Product

Concepts

Select

Product

Concept(s)

Set

Final

Specifications

Plan

Downstream

Development

Mission

Statement Test

Product

Concept(s)

Development

Plan

Target Specs

Based on customer needsand benchmarking

Final Specs

Based on selected concept,feasibility, models, testing,

and trade-offs


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Perceptual Mapping Exercise

Chocolate

Crunch

Hersheys

w/ Almonds

HersheysMilk Chocolate

Nestl

Crunch

KitKat

Opportunity?


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Specification Trade-offs

Score on Monster (Gs)

Trade-off Curves

for Three Concepts

EstimatedManu

facturingCost($

)


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Set Final Specifications


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Quality Function Deployment

(House of Quality)

technical

correlations

benchmarking

on needscustomer

needs

engineering

metrics

target and final specs

relative

importance

relationships between

customer needs andengineering metrics


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Profit margin

Where:

M: profit margin

P: price

C: cost


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Target Cost

Where:

C = target cost

P = price to the end user

Mi = the margin at the ith stage.


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Chapter 6 HW

Metric Exercise: Ball Point Pen

Identify five possible metrics and the unit of measure for a customer

need as stated below:

The pen writes smoothly.

6 product specifications. perancangan produk. teknik industri

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