6884261 computer hardware with images

8/3/2019 6884261 Computer Hardware With Images

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http://www.go2pdf.com/


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How isa computer defined?

What IsaComputer?

Electronic device operating under the control ofinstructionsstored in its own memory

The computer

first, Accepts data such as raw facts, figures, andsymbolthen, Processes data into information (Data that is

organized, meaningful, and useful )

finally, Produces and stores results


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What isthe information processing cycle?I nput

Process

Output Storage

Communication


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Thismodel of the typical digital computer is oftencalled the von Neumann computer.

Programsand data are stored in the samememory: primary memory.

CPU

(Central Processing Unit)

InputUnits

OutputUnits

Primary Memory


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TheComponentsof aComputer

What isan input device? Hardware usedto enter data

and instructions

_____


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What isan output device? Hardware thatconveysinformationto a user

______


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What isthe system unit? Box-like casecontainingelectroniccomponents

used to processdata


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What isthemagical inside theblack box?

M emorycard

SoundCard

VideoCard

StorageUnits

Power

Supply


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What are two main components on themotherboard?

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Also called a processorCarries out instructions

that tell computer what to do

M emory

Temporary holding place for dataand instructions


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What isstorage?

Storage media

Physical material on which data, instructions,and information are stored

Storage mediaStorage media

Physical material on which data, instructions,and information are stored

Storage device

Records and retrieves items to and from

a storage medium

Storage deviceStorage device

Records and retrieves items to and from

a storage medium

Holdsdata, instructions, and informationfor future use


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StoragedeviceStoragedevice

What isa floppy disk?

Thin, circular,flexible diskenclosed in rigidplastic shell

A Zip disk lookssimilar but hasmuch greater

storage capability(=170 floppy disk)


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What isa hard disk? Providesmuch

greater storagecapacity than afloppy disk or

Zip

disk Housed inside the

system unit


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What isa compact disc? Flat, round, portable metal disc

CD-ROM

CD-RW

Capacity: 673~768 MB

DVD-ROM

DVD+RW

Capacity:4.7 ~ 17.1 GB


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What isminiature storage

media?

Digital

cameras

Digital

cameras

HandheldcomputersHandheldcomputers

Portable, thinmemory cardsused in:

Portable, thinmemory cardsused in:


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Why IsaComputer SoPowerful?

What makesa computer powerful?

Speed

Reliability

Accuracy

Storage

Communications


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One type isa modem

Networksand the Internet

What isa network?

Enables a

connection

between

computers

Enables a

connection

between

computers

Cables

Cellular

radio

Telephone

lines

Satellites

Communications

M edia

Communications

Media

CommunicationsDevice

CommunicationsDevice

Collection of computersand devicesconnected together


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To shareTo share


Why do we need network?

ResourcesResources

Hardware

devices

Hardwaredevices

Software

programs

Software

programs

DataDataTo save

timeand

money

To savetime

and

moneyInformationInformation


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What isa server? M anagesthe

resourcesona network

A client accessesthe resourceson the server


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What isthe I nternet? Worldwide collection of networks that connects

millionsof computers


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Why do usersaccessthe I nternet?

2. I nformation

3. Shopping

4. Bankingand I nvesting

5. Classes

6. Entertainment

1. Communications


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What isthe World Wide Web (WWW)?

A Web site isa collection of

related Web pages

A Web site is

a collection ofrelated Web pages

A Web page containstext, graphics, sound,

video, and links to

other Web pages

A Web page containstext, graphics, sound,

video, and links to

other Web pages

You can share

information by

creating Web pagesor posting photos on

a photo community

You can share

information by

creating Web pages

or posting photos on

a photo community

Billionsof documents, called Web pages, available toanyoneconnected to the I nternet


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Computer Software

How do you install and run a software program?

Step 1.Insert the program disc

into the CD-ROM

drive

Step 2. Install thesoftware program by

instruction in the disc,

then run the program

Step 3.The program executes

A program isa seriesof instructionsthat tells thecomputer what to do


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Computer Software

What isa graphical user interface (GUI )?

Allowsyou to interact with the softwareusing graphicsand icons

Controlshow you enter data and how thescreen displaysinformation


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Computer Software

What issystem software?

Operating System (OS)is a set of programs

that coordinates all

activities among

computer hardware

devices and allows

users to run

application software

Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programsthat coordinates all

activities among

computer hardware

devices and allows

users to run

application software

Utility Programsallow the user toperform maintenance-type tasks

usually related to managing a

computer, its devices or its programs

Utility ProgramsUtility Programsallow the user toperform maintenance-type tasks

usually related to managing a

computer, its devices or its programs

Programsthat control the operationsof the computerand itsdevices


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Computer Software

What isapplication software?

PresentationGraphics

Spreadsheet

Database

WordProcessing

Programsthat perform specific tasks for users

Suite

Popular software applications

bundled together as a single unit


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Computer Software

What isa programmer? Someone who develops

application or system software

Programmer writes instructions todirect computer to process datainto information


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Categoriesof Computers

What are the categoriesof computers?

Personal computers (desktop)

Mobile computers and mobile devices

Midrange serversMainframe computers

Supercomputers


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Personal Computers

What are the two most popular seriesof personalcomputers?

PC and compatiblesuse the Windowsoperating system

Apple M acintoshusesthe M acintoshoperating system

(Mac OS)


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Personal Computers

What isa desktop computer? Designed so all of the componentsfit on or under

a desk or table


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Personal Computers

What isa notebook computer?

Portable, small enough to fit on

your lap(2 lbsto 9 lbs)

Also called a laptop

Generally more expensive thana desktop computer


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Handheld Computers

What isa tablet PC?

Resemblesa letter-sized slate

Allowsyou to write on the screenusing a stylus

Smaller version is the modular

computer

What are Web-enabled handheld computers?

Allow you to check e-mail and accessthe I nternet

Web-enabled telephone is a smart phone


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Handheld Computers

What isa personal digital assistant (PDA)?

Providespersonal organizer functions

Calendar

Appointment book

Address book

Calculator

Notepad


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Servers

What typesof serversare there?

M idrange server Powerful, largecomputer that supports up to a fewthousand computers

M ainframe Very powerful,

expensive computer that supportsthousands of computers

Supercomputer The fastest, mostpowerful, most expensivecomputer. Used for applicationsrequiring complex mathematical

calculations


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What are information system elements ? People

Procedures

Data

Software

Hardware

Step 1.People develop

procedures for

processing data

Step 2.People use software to

enter data into computer

(hardware)

Step 3.Software processes data

and directs hardware tostore and or output

information


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Examplesof Computer Usage

What are five categoriesof computer users?

Home Small Office/Home Office (SOHO)

Mobile

Large Business Power


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What software is available for a home user?

Web access

Entertainment

Communications

Personal finance management


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Local area network (LAN)

Productivity software

Specialty software

Web usage

E-mail

What software is available for a small

office/home office (SOHO) user?


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Hardware


What is available fora mobile user?

Software Productivity

Presentation

Personal

information

manager

Notebook

computers

Handheld computers

Web-enabledcellular phones


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What are the needsof the large businessuser?

Web access

Public kiosk

Telecommuting

Network Productivity software

Scheduling


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What are the needsof a power user?

Speed and large amounts of storage

Typesof power users

Engineers Architects

Desktop publishers

Graphic artists


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What are some examplesof computer applicationsin society?

Education

Finance

Government

Healthcare

Science

Publishing

Travel

I ndustry

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