7th unit 1 - prehistory
TRANSCRIPT
8/8/2019 7th Unit 1 - Prehistory
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Earth¶s Geographical Features and Resources A. Landforms (definition) ±
1.
2.
3.4.
B. Waterways (definition) ±
1.
2.
3.
4.
C. Climate (definition) ±
Climate is affected by:
1.
2.
3.
4.5.
D. Natural Resources
1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
4. 8.
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Geography and early humans
The earliest people were completely dependent
upon animal life and other natural resources.
They frequently had to move around when theseresources ran out.
Climate and availability of water were most
important.
This lifestyle made it impossible to have permanent
homes.
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Vocab Paleolithic
± Means literally ³Old Stone Age´
± Characterized by tribes of hunters and
gatherers
± 200,000 ± 8,000 B.C.
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Some common
misperceptions aboutPaleolithic people«
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Australopithecus
(Lucy)
Homo Habilis
(Handy Man)
Homo Erectus
(Upright Man)
Neanderthal
Homo Sapiens
Sapiens
age location size appearance toolsimportant
advances
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Australopithecus
(Lucy)
Handy Man
Upright Man
Neanderthal
Homo Sapiens
Sapiens
age location size appearance tools important
advances
3-4million
yearsago
Africa 3 feet
Long arms,large head, bigforehead &
jaw, normalhands & feet
noneWalkingupright
1.5-2millionyearsago
Africa4 feet
Morehumanlike,larger brain
Sharpenedrocks,animalbones
Using tools,
living ingroups,animaltraps
1.8million-200,000years ago
Africa, Asia,
Europe
5 ½ feet
Taller &thinner, round
smoothforhead, ridgeabove eyes, jaw sticks out
Handaxes Fire,
shelters
230,000-
30,000yearsago
Africa,Near East,
Europe, Asia
5 ½ feetShort & stocky,large brains,powerfulmuscles
Knives,
scrapers,spear points,sharp thin
blades
Lived & hunted
in organizedcommunities,buried their dead
35,000-12,000 B.C.
Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia,North & South America
Almost6 feet
High roundskull, largebrain, smallteeth, slender
bones
Bone handleknives,needles,hooks, spear
thrower, bow& arrow
Artisticexpression,paintings, carvedimages, musical
instruments,language
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Vocabbands ±
Paleolithic groups of about 30 members wholived and hunted together.
home territory ±The area where a band lived and hunted.
Usually about 10 square miles.
flake tools ±
Tools made by chipping thin flakes off larger stones.
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Vocab
Neolithic- means literally New Stone Age
- Humans produce food throughfarming and domestication of animals.
- permanent settlements areestablished.
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Vocab
Neolithic Revolution- The switch from a hunting and
gathering to an agricultural society.
- Made it possible for humans toproduce food and stay in one place.
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Vocab
Specialization- The development of occupations due
to food surplus.
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The Neolithic
Earth
Mother
Goddess
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THE NEOLITHIC AGE
Began 10,000-15,000 years ago
First villages and cities are created
People begin to specialize
Wealth and social classes are created
Social institutions are created
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HomeworkRead chapter 3 and answer the following questions in your notebook
1. What did Neolithic people use domesticated animalsfor?
2. What were the first permanent houses made of?
3. What was important about having permanenthomes?
4. What were the advantages of living in a community?
5. Why did trade develop?
6. What discovery brought an end to the Neolithic age?
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Hunting andgathering Farming anddomesticated animals
Tools, clothing,
language, fire,
shelters
Agriculture, trade, specialization,
pottery, making cloth, using metal,
permanent homes
Home territory
10 sq. miles Small villages
nuts, berries, eggs,
roots, fish, animals
grain and vegetables,
domesticated animal
products
men hunted, women
and children gathered
men farmed, women took
care of larger family and
permanent home
about 20-30 members 150-200 people
temporary shelters
made of sticks and
leaves
permanent houses
made of mud bricks,
wood or stone
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Vocab
Civilization ±
Society with a developed knowledge of farming,trade, government, art and science.
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Social Institutions
What they are:
Government
Religion
Laws
Schools
Military
What they do:
Keep order
Protect property
Strengthen social
class divisions
Make decisions
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Important Neolithic Inventions:
Pottery The Wheel
The Plow Irrigation
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Allowed for a steady supply of food and asurplus, leading to larger families.
Larger families caused a rapid increase in theworld¶s population.
Large cities led to the need for more complexgovernment, laws and occupations. Firstlarge-scale buildings
Helped spread civilization and accelerated itsgrowth. Trading by land and by sea helpedspread new inventions such as writing and thewheel. New ideas are also spread.
For the first time people are divided between richand poor. Leads to the creation of royal andnoble classes, as well as slavery.
Canals to
supply water Having extra
food
Skilled craftsman
Groups made up of people with similar backgrounds,
wealth, and ways of living.
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d
c
a
b
e
b
c
a
d
b
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The Historic Age
begins with:A. Writing
1. to keep accurate records
2. to preserve learning
B. Working with metal
1. better tools
2. better weapons
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First farming civilizations:
A. Mesopotamia ± Located in modern dayIraq between the Tigris and EuphratesRivers. ³Land Between the Rivers´3500 B.C.
B. Egypt ± Located along theNile River in Northern Africa.3100 B.C.
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The Fertile Crescent
The region of the Middle East that extendsfrom the Nile River Valley to the Tigrisand Euphrates Rivers.
Also known as the birthplace of civilization.
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