8 kathrein features

1

©Kathrein Scholz/0302

Kathrein Features

Relevant antenna characteristicsfor Xpol antennas

Electrical and mechanical benefits of

KATHREIN antennas

2


Kathrein Features Increasing requirements

Antennas have to fulfill stringent specifications for the growing complexity of modern networks regarding- radiation pattern exactness- cross polar ratio (dual polarization)- isolation- intermodulation- adjustable electrical downtilt (specificlly for UMTS / IMT 2000)- mechanical performance

These characteristics have to meet the specifications - over the whole frequency range- over the whole temperature range and other environmental influences- over the whole range of adjustable downtilt

3


Kathrein Features Adjustable Electrical Downtilt

Readjustment during operation:- Switching-off of the RBS (Radio Base

Station) is not necessary- The antenna remains operational

during readjustment- The adjustment mechanism near the

connectors is easily accessible

Electrical adjustable downtilt

Outstanding technical advantage of electrical compared to mechanical downtilt(downtilt angle is constant over the whole azimuth range / reliable network planning)

4



Logistic benefit due to a reduction in the number of antenna types in the network- 2-3 types with fixed tilt are replaced by one antenna type with variable tilt- Mistaken antenna type ruled out- Reduced type variety on stock

Optical aspect : electrical downtilted antennas are always positioned upright⇒ compact appearance

Option of remote controlled adjustable electrical downtilt

Mechnical down-tilt kit becomes redundant(exept for extraordinary large down-tilt angles)

- Fewer components / Less installation work / Mechanical tools are not required

5


The “heart“ of antennas with adjustable electrical downtilt is the phase shifting element

Ф

Ф

Ф

Ф

Powersplitter

Dipoles


6


Kathrein’s sophisticated phase shifters

- provide a continuous downtilt angle adjustment (not in steps)

- avoid any metal parts being shifted across, but uses capacitively coupling (no risk of intermodulation, no limitation of lifetime)

- ensure that the defined specifications apply to the whole downtilt range

- can be offered for a reasonable price


7


Minimum SquintDeviation of the main direction of the horizontal pattern compared to the direction orthogonal to the reflector screen, measured over the frequency range

Definition of main direction :bisector of the angle between the -3 dB points of the patternKathrein value :+/- 5% of half powerbeam width

Kathrein Features Minimum Squint

Antenna 742 2121710 MHz / 0°DT / -45°2110 MHz / 0°DT / -45°

8


Minimum trackingSymmetry between the +45° and the -45° polarized horizontal pattern, measured at +/- 60° from the direction orthogonal to the reflector screen, at same frequency and same downtilt angle

tracking compensation reducesthe difference to 2 dB

Kathrein Features Minimum Tracking

Antenna 742 2122140 MHz / 8° DT+ 45° pattern- 45° pattern

9


Kathrein Features High CPR

Cross polar ratio (+/- 45° polarization)Cross polar ratio describes the correlation between two orthogonalpolarizations measured in the farfield (accurate +/- 45°)

Ratio between the co-polar and the cross-polar signal (identical compared to opposite polarization)

CPR

orthogonal polarizations⇒ high cross polar ratio

⇒ excellent diversity performance

Excellent cross-polar ratio (CPR)values for the complete sector, performed by a complete newdipole element (patent pending)

10


Kathrein Features High CPR

recommended values: main direction >20 dB sector +/- 60 degree >10 dB

DT -60° -50° -40° -30° -20° -10° 0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60°Tilt 2 18,6 22,4 22,9 22,5 22,7 23,3 24,8 27,3 32,4 60,9 28,9 21,4 16,4Tilt 4 20,3 22,7 21,6 21,1 21,2 21,9 23,4 25,7 30,1 45,3 30 21,7 16,7Tilt 6 24,9 24,5 21,8 20,7 20,9 21,6 23 25,2 29,1 37,6 30 22 17,1Tilt 8 31,6 24,8 21,5 20,6 20,8 21,8 23,3 25,6 29,2 32,3 26,8 20,6 16,1

Tilt 10 32,5 23,1 20,6 20,2 20,8 22,1 23,9 26,3 29 28,3 23,5 18,8 14,7Tilt 12 26,2 21,6 19,9 20 20,8 22,3 24,3 26,5 28 25,6 21,4 17,3 13,6

Antenna 739 638 : Xpol A-Panel 824-960 65° 15.5 dBi 2°- 12° T

Antenna 742 212 : Xpol F-Panel 1710-2170 65° 18 dBi 0°- 8° T

DT -60° -50° -40° -30° -20° -10° 0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60°Tilt 0 17,7 22,4 24,1 23 21,9 21,4 21,3 21,7 22 21,6 19,3 16,2 13,3Tilt 2 13,1 15,7 17,9 19,9 21,4 22,4 23,3 24,5 26,2 28,6 27,1 22,2 18,4Tilt 4 10,9 13,1 15,1 17,1 19,3 21,5 23,7 26,3 29,6 35,3 33,3 26,6 22,1Tilt 6 10,6 12,5 14 15,5 17,3 19,2 21,2 23,4 26 28,6 28,4 25,7 23Tilt 8 13,8 15,2 16,4 18 20 22,5 25,3 28,6 32,3 35,4 34 30,2 24,5

measured CPR values of Kathrein antennas :

11


High isolation

required because both terminations of a Xpol antenna are used for Rx and Tx

Kathrein Features High isolation

-45° +45°

Isolation (Decoupling)

Due to patented decoupling elements Kathrein antennasprovide an isolation of > 30 dB between- the different polarizations- the frequency bands

Examples :742 212 (1710-2170 MHz / variable downtilt)739 638 ( 824-960 MHz / variable downtilt)

12


Kathrein Features High isolation

Xpol antennas (one per sector) can be mounted around a mast under minimumspacing; isolation for any port combination better 30 dB !Specific 3-unit clamp available

Antenna 1 Antenna 2 Isolation [dB]872 – 960 MHz

Isolation [dB]1710 – 1880 MHz

+45° / 900 MHz 47 NA - 45° / 900 MHz 50 NA +45° / 1800 MHz >50 >50

+45° / 900 MHz

- 45° / 1800 MHz >50 >50 +45° / 900 MHz 50 NA - 45° / 900 MHz 47 NA +45° / 1800 MHz >50 >50

- 45° / 900 MHz

- 45° / 1800 MHz >50 >50 +45° / 900 MHz >50 >50 - 45° / 900 MHz >50 >50 +45° / 1800 MHz NA 44

+45° / 1800 MHz

- 45° / 1800 MHz NA 43 +45° / 900 MHz >50 >50 - 45° / 900 MHz >50 >50 +45° / 1800 MHz NA 44

- 45° / 1800 MHz

- 45° / 1800 MHz NA 43

Dualband antennas (4 ports)

N/A not applicable

13


Low intermodulation products> -150 dBc for 3rd order products at 2 x 20 W (43 dBm)

Kathrein Features Low intermodulation

research on intermodulationsince 15 years

100 % final test duringproduction for UMTS and Dualband antennas(AQL test for all Xpol antennas)

14


Low internal losses (gain optimized dipole design)The low loss cable harness enables to reduce the antenna height by about 20% compared to printed circuit harnesses(bigger cross-section of the cable inner conductor compared to the printed board strip line)

minimum wind load !

Kathrein Features Low internal losses

Comparison of lengths900 MHz 900 MHz 1900 MHz739 632 739 623 741 79465°/15dBi/6°DT 65°/17dBi 65°/18dBilength 1296mm length 1936mm length 1302mm

Huber&Suhner 1309.41.0033 Racal 1730 Dezibel DB932DD6565°/15dBi/6°DT 65° 16.5dBi 65°/18dBilength 1655mm (+27%) length 2340mm (+21%) length 1829 mm (+40%)

15


Constant electrical performance under environmental conditions

Kathrein Features Environment

Kathrein antennas :Rain, snow, ice do not significantly effect the electrical parameters

16


due to the slim structure of dipoles and small surface (e.g. compared to patches), the created additional capacitance is relatively low

Kathrein Features Environment

Patch design

dipole design

Rain, snow or ice create a load on the radiating elements; this additional capacitance depends on the surface area of the radiators

17


Excellent mechanical performance

New A- and F-Panel construction provide a maximum weather protection

completely closed radome made of an extruded fiberglass profileseparated electrical and mechanical componentsreduced sealing procedure by top and bottom capsno drilling holes

Kathrein Features Mechanical performance

18


Reliability

environmental tests according ETS 300 019-2-4 regarding vibration shock, temperature a.s.o. on our own premises

Kathrein Features Reliability

recorded failure rate in the field below 0,05% of produced units

Long service life

Extensive final tests during production (VSWR,isolation, intermodulation)

19


Kathrein Features Mechanical performance

Firearm resistance

Housing after 12 gauge shotgun blast

Walls of housing are not penetrated

completely

Bullets sticking in the radome

8 kathrein features

Documents