8 the particle theory

8/19/2019 8 the Particle Theory

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS | MethodistHigh Schoo

C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge1 o, 10

BOOK 1 :12 Finding Age of the EarthBOOK 2 :CHAPTER : 8 The particle Theor

CHAPTER : ! Ele"ent# and Ato"#CHAPTER : 11 $etal# and non%"etal#

Q.1 The chart below shows the fossil record of living things:

(1) Which groups of living things existed before the Cambrian period !!!!!!!!!

(") When did #ungi first appear in the fossil record !!!!!!!!!($) %ow man& groups of living things were in the fossil record in the 'rdovician !!!!

() Which appeared in the fossil record first : #erns or Conifers !!!!!!!!!() %ow man& groups were added to the fossil record in the *evonian !!!!!!!!

(+) ,n which period did the number of groups of living things decrease !!!!!!!!

(-) Which group had become extinct and when was it last recorded in the fossil record !!!!.(/) ,n the period during which the flowering plants appeared which animal groups also appeared

in the fossil record !!!!!!!!!

Q." The graph below shows how a radioactive substance (0) changes over time into nonradioactive substance (2).

(1) What are radioactive substances

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%ow long does it ta3e for 1444g of substance 0 to deca& to 5 of this

amount!!!!!!!!!..

&A$E:

C'A((:


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When 1444g of substance 0 has deca&ed for $ million &ears how much of it is still substance

0 %ow much is now substance 2 !!!!!!!

(") 0 scientist estimates that a roc3 is million &ears old. What would be the amounts of

substances 0 and 2 in the roc3 if the estimate is correct

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!...

Q.$(a) 6atch the time period with the time in million &ears ago and the index fossil.

Time 7eriod Time (m&a) ,ndex #ossil

Quaternar& 0bout +

Tertiar& 0bout 1

Cretaceous 0bout ".

8urassic 0bout "1

Triassic 0bout $44

7ermian 0bout "44

Carboniferou

s

0bout 1+

*evonian 0bout $+4

9ilurian 0bout

'rdovician 0bout "


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge) o, 10

Cambrian 0bout //

(b) #rom the above table answer the uestion that follow :

(1) Which time period is identified b& a scallop !!!!!!!!!!!!..(") Which time periods have ammonites as their index fossils !!!!!!!!!.

($) ,f &ou found a roc3 la&er with a brachiopod in it what index fossil would &ou loo3 for in the

la&er beneath !!!!!!!!!!!!..

Q.(a) 6ethane can be a gas a liuid or a solid. ,n the diagram below arrows 7 Q ; and 9 represent

changes of state. The boxes on the right show the arrangement of particles of methane in thethree different ph&sical states. C

(ii) The formula of methane is C%. The s&mbols for the two elements in methane are C and %.?ive the names of these two elements.

element C !!!!!!!!!!. element % !!!!!!!!!!.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge* o, 10

(iii) When methane burns it reacts with ox&gen. 'ne of the products is water %"'. ?ive the name

of the other product. !!!!!!!!!!.

Q.+. ,n the 1@th Centur& a scientist called 8ohn *alton used s&mbols to represent atoms. The

s&mbols he used for atoms of three different elements are shown below. The diagrams belowshow different combinations of these atoms.

(a) (i) ?ive the letter of the diagram which shows a mixture of two elements!!!!!

(ii) ?ive the letter of the diagram which shows a mixture of two compounds!!!!!

(iii) ?ive the letter of the diagram which shows a mixture of an element and a compound!!!..

(b) ?ive one difference between a compound and a mixture.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.

(c) (i) 9uggest a name and formula for the substance represented in diagram 2.

Aame : !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

#ormula: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(ii) 9uggest a name and formula for the substance represented in diagram *.

Aame : !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

#ormula: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Q.$(a)(i) 0ir contains nitrogen. ,n the box below draw five circles to show the

arrangement of particles in nitrogen gas.

(ii) Beena carries a personal emergenc& alarm. ,t uses nitrogen gas to produce a

ver& loud sound. The nitrogen gas in the container is under much higher

pressure than the nitrogen gas in

the air. %ow does the arrangement

of nitrogen particles change when

the gas is under higher pressure

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!..

(b) se words from the boxes below to complete the sentence.

The rate at which the nitrogen particles hit the inside of the container is !!!!!!!!..

the rate at which nitrogen particles hit the outside of the container.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge+ o, 10

Q.1$(a) 0ir is a mixture of gases. The pie

chart represents the percentages

of different gases in air.

'n the line b& each section of the

pie chart write the name of the

correct gas. Two have been done

for &ou.

(b) 'n a cold da& droplets of water

form on a cold window.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge, o, 10

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!

(d) sing the data in the table plot the points for room 1.

(e) *raw a line of best fit of the points &ou have drawn.(f) ,n which room did the water evaporate more uic3l&

Tic3 one : room 1 room "

se their data to explain &our answer.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!

Q. 0 statue outside a Foo was made from two t&pes of roc3. The panda was made of granite.

The base was made of limestone. The drawings show the statue as it was in 1@$+ and in "44+.

(a) The surface of the limestone base haschanged over the &ears.

(i) Which process caused this change

nderline the correct answer:

evaporating melting reflecting weathering

(ii) The surface of the panda made of

granite has not changed. 9uggest wh&

granite does not change in the same wa& as

limestone.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(b) 0cid rain can be formed when fossil fuels burn.

(i) ?ive the name of one fossil fuel!!!!!!!!!!!!..

(ii) What is true about all fossil

fuels Tic3 the correct box.

(iii) 0cid rain has changed the

surface of the metal letters

on the statue. Which worddescribes the effect of acid rain on a metal Tic3 the correct box.

(iv) What could the Foo owner put on the metal

letters to protect them from acid rain

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!

Q-. (a) The diagram below shows part of the periodic table of

elements.

The shaded area contains onl& metal elements. Two other

areas also contain onl& metal elements.

Which areas contain onl& metal elements Tic3 the two

correct boxes.

(b) Copper is a metal. 0t room temperature copper is a strong solid. ?ive two other properties of

copper that show it is a metal.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(c) When copper metal is heated it reacts with a gas in air.


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge- o, 10

What is the chemical name of the product formed when copper

reacts with a gas in air !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(d) Which statement below describes what happens in a chemical

change but not in a ph&sical change Tic3 the correct box.

Q/. se The 7eriodic Table to answer this uestion.

(a) ?ive the s&mbol for the element

(i) ox&gen : !!!!!!!!.

(ii) potassium : !!!!!!!

(b) ?ive the name of the element with the s&mbol

(i) C: !!!!!!!!.

(ii) Aa: !!!!!!!!.

(c) Complete the following table.

(d) The chemical formula for

carbon monoxide is C'.

(i) %ow man& different elements are represented in carbon monoxide : !!!!!!!!.

(ii) ?ive the total number of atoms the formula C' represents. : !!!!!!!!.(e) The chemical formula for sulphuric acid is %"9'.

(i) %ow man& different elements are present in sulphuric acid : !!!!!!!!.

(ii) ?ive the total number of atoms present in %"9'. : !!!!!!!!.

Q@. The following diagram shows part of the periodic table in which letters represent some

elements. (These are not chemical s&mbols)

Gou ma& use each letter once more than once or not at all in this uestion. ?ive the letter that

represents the element that

(i) is an unreactive gas ....................................................................................................................

(ii) has one electron in its outside shell ...........................................................................................

(iii) is in the same group as # ..........................................................................................................

(ii) is a &ellowHgreen gas ..................................................................................................................

(ii) is in the same period as < ...........................................................................................................

(ii) forms several coloured compounds ............................................................................................

(ii) is used in light bulbs ..................................................................................................................

Q14. 9ome bottles of chemicals were imported from ?erman&. Their labels are in ?erman.(a) Which bottle contains a potassium compound

9ubstance #ormula


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(b)(i) Which bottle contains an element !!!!!!!!

(ii) What gas is formed when this element is added to dilute

sulphuric acid !!!!!!!!

(c) Which bottle contains a flammable substance !!!

(d)(i) Which bottle contains a compound of four elements !!

(ii) What does the haFard label on this bottle mean !!!!

(e) The gas h&drogen is 3nown in ?erman as JWasserstoffK.Wasser means water. 9uggest an explanation for the name.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!..

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!..

Q11. (a) 9ome students decided to investigate the chemistr& of

seashells. The& started b& adding h&drochloric acid to some pieces of seashell. The mixturefiFFed. The& decided to find out if the gas was carbon dioxide.

(i) Complete the diagram below to show how the& could do this.

(ii) What result would the& see if the gas was carbon dioxide

..............................................................................................................

(b) The& then heated a small piece of shell in a flame. *ifferent

substances give different colours when put in a flame.

substance colour of flame

sodium chloride &ellow

potassium chloride pin3

calcium chloride redcopper chloride green

(i) Wh& is copper wire not used for the test

.......................................................................................................................................................

(ii) %ow is the test wire cleaned between each test

.......................................................................................................................................................

The shells turned the flame a red colour.(iii) Which metal is in the seashells ..................................................................................................

(c) se the results of the two tests to select the chemical name of the substance from whichseashells are made from the list below.

sodium chloride sodium carbonate calcium carbonate calcium chloride

.....................................................................Q1". Quic3lime Ca' is made b& heating limestone CaC'$ in a rotating 3iln. Limestone is added

at the top of the 3iln. Turning the 3iln lets the limestone move slowl& to the bottom as it is

heated. Quic3lime is formed and is ta3en from the bottom.(a) ?ive the chemical name for:

(i) uic3lime !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(ii) limestone !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(b) %eat is reuired for the reaction to ta3e place. What name is given to reactions which ta3e inheat !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(c) 8ames investigated this reaction. %e heated a piece of limestone on the edge of a gauFe.

*escribe what he saw........................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................

(d) 2efore the rotating 3iln was invented each batch of limestone had to be heated separatel&.9uggest one advantage that the rotating 3iln has over the older method.

.......................................................................................................................................................

(e) There are proposals to extend a limestone uarr&.

(i) ?ive two arguments that the uarr& owners could use in favour of the proposed extension........................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................

(ii) ?ive two arguments that those against the extension could use.

.......................................................................................................................................................


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge! o, 10

.......................................................................................................................................................

Q1$. The 3e& below is used to identif& five carbonates and a h&drogencarbonate.

(a)(i) Which soluble compound gives off carbon dioxide but gives no smell !!!!!!!!!(ii) What t&pe of substance will react with an& carbonate or h&drogencarbonate to produce carbon

dioxide !!!!!!!!!.(iii) 'nl& one carbonate in the 3e& produces no carbon dioxide when heated. Which one !!!

(b) Tablets for upset stomachs often contain citric acid and magnesium carbonate. *escribe and

explain what happens when these tablets are added to water.

.......................................................................................................................................................

(c) 0 teaspoon of sodium h&drogencarbonate is added when ma3ing gingerbread.

(i) What is the purpose of the sodium h&drogencarbonate.......................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Wh& would sodium carbonate be unsuitable for this purpose.......................................................................................................................................................

Q1. 9tud& the diagram below.

(a) (i) ,n which two tubes will the steel go rust&

.................................................................(ii) Wh& does the steel not rust in the other two tubes

..................................................................................................................................

(b) ,n which tube will the rusting occur fastest


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C!"#$idge Chec%&oi't SCIENCE (Bioog)* | +!ge 10 o, 10

carbon dioxide carbon monoxide magnesium oxide

nitrogen dioxide sulfur dioxide water

(a) Which one of these oxides is a basic oxide .................................................(b) Which two oxides cause acid rain .......................................... and .........................................

(c) Which two oxides are formed when a h&drocarbon undergoes complete combustion

......................................................... and .........................................................

(d) Which one of these oxides turns white copper(,,) sulfate blue .................................................

(e) Which oxide is formed when calcium carbonate undergoes thermal decomposition ...............

8 the particle theory

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