8.5.5 impacts - environmental protection agency · 8.5.5.4 assessment of impact significance ......

Chapter Eight HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants FLORA & FAUNA

16002/Lagan Cement EIS/Chapter8 8-13

8.5.5 Impacts The nature of the impacts can be summarised in a table as follows.

Impact Direct/ Indirect

Cumulative Duration2 Reversible? Positive/ Negative

Habitat loss (operation phase)

Direct Yes Permanent No Negative

Impact to water quality

None N/A N/A N/A N/A

Noise Indirect Yes Long term Yes Neutral

Dust/Air Emission Indirect Yes Long term Yes Positive

Lighting Indirect Yes Long term Yes Neutral

Abstraction None N/A N/A N/A Neutral

Habitat Loss (Construction phase)

Direct Yes Permanent Yes Negative

Habitat disturbance (construction phase)

None N/A N/A N/A N/A

Pollution to surface water (Construction

phase) None N/A N/A N/A N/A

Cumulative impacts Habitat

loss - Permanent Yes Negative

Impacts to designated sites

None No N/A N/A Neutral

Table 8.4 The nature of predicted impacts

8.5.5.2 Scale and likelihood of predicted impacts

Impacts are quantified where possible, both in absolute terms and as an impact of the whole resource.

Impact Magnitude As proportion of

resource Likelihood


~0.6 ha 100% Certain

Impact to water quality – surface

water (operation phase)

No increase in pollutant discharge is predicted

N/A Unlikely

2 Temporary: up to 1 year; Short-term: 1-7 years; Medium-term: 7-15 years; Long-term: 15-60 years; Permanent: >60 years (NRA, 2006)

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Noise Negligible addition to

background noise - Likely

Dust/Air emissions

Not possible to quantify but the project will reduce

the source of dust from this area

- Likely

Lighting Not possible to quantify but is small in the local

context - Likely

Abstraction None - -

Habitat loss (Construction phase)

Approximately 600m2 of disturbed ground

100% Certain


None - -

Pollution to surface water

(Construction phase) None - -

Cumulative impacts None - -


None - -

Table 8.5 Quantification of predicted impacts

8.5.5.4 Assessment of impact significance

Appendix 4 of the NRA guidelines (NRA, 2006) provides guidance on assessing impact significance. This is done by combining the magnitude of the impact (from table 8.4 and 8.5) with the value of the ecological resource as assessed in table 8.3.

Impact Significance


Minor negative – loss of available habitat for a range of common, but protected, species

Impact to water quality – surface

water Neutral – no impacts

Noise Neutral – no impacts

Dust/Air emission Neutral – no impacts

Lighting Neutral – no impacts

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Abstraction Neutral – no impacts

Habitat Loss (Construction phase)

Minor negative – permanent impact on a small portion of locally (lower level) important habitat


Neutral – no impacts

Pollution to surface water

(Construction phase) Neutral – no impacts

Cumulative impacts Neutral – no impacts


Neutral – no impacts

Table 8.6 Qualification of predicted impacts

Overall there are neutral impacts, and two minor negative impacts that are likely to arise as a consequence of this project.

8.5.5.5 Interactions

There are interactions between flora and fauna and water/hydrology and soils 8.6 REMEDIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigation is required where significant, negative impacts are likely to occur. For the purposes of this study an impact is considered to be significant if it is moderate negative or greater. By this criterion there are no significant effects to flora and fauna that are likely to arise as a result of this project. Monitoring is required where there may be significant residual impacts despite implementation of mitigation measures. In this regard the monitoring is not required as no such impacts are predicted.

8.7 RESIDUAL IMPACTS There will be no long-term residual impacts arising from this project.

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REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Atherton I, Bosanquet S. & Lawley M. (editors) 2010. Mosses and Liverwort of Britain and Ireland : a field guide. British Bryological Society. Bailey, M. and Rochford J. 2006. Otter Survey of Ireland 2004/2005. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 23. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Bat Conservation Ireland. 2010. Bats & Lighting. Guidance Note for planners, engineers, architects and developers. www.batconservationireland.ie Bullock C., Kretch C. & Candon E. 2008. The Economic and Social Aspects of Biodiversity. Stationary Office. Clabby, K.J., Bradley, C., Craig, M., Daly, D., Lucey, J., McGarrigle, M., O’Boyle, S., Tierney, D. and Bowman, J. 2008. Water Quality in Ireland 2004 – 2006. EPA. CIEEM. 2016. Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in the UK and Ireland: Terrestrial, Freshwater and Coastal, 2nd edition. Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, Winchester Colhoun K. & Cummins S. 2013. Birds of Conservation Concern in Ireland 2014 – 2019. Irish Birds. Volume 9 Number 4 pg523-541. Cooney R. & Dickson B. 2005. Biodiversity and the Precautionary Principle. Earthscan. Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora Council Directive 97/11/EEC of 3rd March 1997 amending Directive 85/337/EEC on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment Council Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy – more commonly known as the Water Framework Directive Curtis T.G.F.& McGough H.N. 1988. The Irish Red Data Book 1: Vascular Plants. Stationary Office. Dempsey E. & O’Cleary M. 2010. The Complete Guide to Ireland’s Birds. Gill & Macmillan. Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht. 2011. Actions for Biodiversity 2011 – 2016. Ireland’s National Biodiversity Plan. DG Environment. 2010. Natura 2000 European Commission Nature and Biodiversity Newsletter. Number 28. June 2010. ISSN: 1026-6151. EPA. 2002. Guidelines on the information to be contained in Environmental Impact Statements. EPA, 2003. Advice Notes on Current Practice (in the preparation of Environmental Impact Statements) EPA. 2008. Ireland’s Environment Fitter R., Fitter A. & Farrer A. 1984. Grasses, sedges, rushes and ferns of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins. Fossitt J. 2000. A Guide to Habitats in Ireland. Heritage Council.

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Foulkes N., Fuller J., Little D., McCourt S. & Murphy P. 2013. Hedgerow Appraisal System - Best Practise Guidance on Hedgerow Survey, Data Collation and Appraisal. Woodlands of Ireland, Dublin. Unpublished Report [pdf]. Harris S. & Yalden D.W. 2008. Mammals of the British Isles: Handbook, 4th Edition. The Mammal Society. Hickie D. 2004. Irish Hedgerows: Networks for Nature. Networks for Nature. Hill M.O., Blackstock T.H., Long D.G. and Rothero G.P 2008. A Checklist and Census Catalogue of British and Irish Bryophytes. British Bryological Society. Hundt L. 2012. Bat Surveys: Good Practice Guidelines. 2nd Edition. Bat Conservation Trust. King, J.L., Marnell, F., Kingston, N., Rosell, R., Boylan, P., Caffrey, J.M., FitzPatrick, Ú., Gargan, P.G., Kelly, F.L., O’Grady, M.F., Poole, R., Roche, W.K. & Cassidy, D. 2011. Ireland Red List No. 5: Amphibians, Reptiles & Freshwater Fish. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Dublin, Ireland. Marnell, F., Kingston, N. & Looney, D. 2009. Ireland Red List No. 3: Terrestrial Mammals. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Morris P. & Therivel R., 2001. Methods of Environmental Impact Assessment, Spon Press NRA. 2009. Guidelines for Assessment of Ecological Impacts of National Road Schemes. National Roads Authority. Oxford Brookes University. 2001. Assessment of plans and projects significantly affecting Natura 2000 sites. Methodological guidance on the provisions of Article 6(3) and (4) of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC. European Commission, Environment DG. Preston C.D., Pearman D.A. & Dines T.D. 2002. New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. Oxford University Press. Sargent G. & Morris P. 2003. How to Find & Identify Mammals. The Mammal Society. Scannell M.J.P. & Synnott D.M. 1987. Census catalogue of the Flora of Ireland. Stationary Office. Smith G. F., O’Donoghue P., O’Hora K. and Delaney E. 2010. Best Practice Guidance for Habitat Survey and Mapping. Heritage Council. Stace C. 2010. New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press Statutory Instrument No. 94 of 1999. Flora (Protection) Order Treweek J., 1999. Ecological Impact Assessment’, Blackwell Science.

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Appendix 8.1 – SPECIES LISTS FOR SURVEYED HABITATS Species indicated with an asterisk, *, are known to have been introduced to Ireland by humans. Relative abundance is assigned using the DAFOR code (D = dominant, A = abundant; F = frequent; O = occasional; R = rare). This is a subjective assessment and should be used in association with the habitat descriptions. Spoil & bare ground - ED2 DAFOR Tussilago farafara Colt's-foot O Arctium minus Lesser Burdock O Betula sp. Birch O Buddleja davidii* Butterfly-bush O Calliergonella cuspidata Pointed Spear-moss O Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle O Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle O Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail O Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot O Daucus carota Wild Carrot O Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb O Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog O Juncus inflexus Hard Rush O Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup O Rumex sp. Dock O Salix sp. Willow O Sinapis arvensis* Charlock O Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard O Stellaria media Common Chickweed O Taraxacum sp. Dandelions O Trifolium repens White Clover O Veronica persica Common Field-speedwell* O

Treeline - WL2 DAFOR Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn O Fagus sylvatica* Beech O Galium aparine Cleavers O Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert O Hedera helix Common Ivy F Ilex aquifolium Holly O Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine O Salix sp. Willow O Sambucus nigra Elder O Urtica dioica Common Nettle F

Scrub - WS1 DAFOR Betula sp. Birch F Rubus fruticosus agg. Brambles F Salix sp. Willow F Ulex europaeus Gorse F

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Chapter Nine HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants LANDSCAPE

16002/Lagan Cement/EIS Chapter 9 9-1

CHAPTER NINE LANDSCAPE

9.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter assesses the impact of the development on the landscape and visual resources of the receiving environment. The landscape impact assessment has been prepared cognisant of the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Guidelines on the Information to be contained in Environmental Impact Statements and the EPA’s ‘Advice Notes on Current Practices’ are followed. The general approach adheres to best practice set out in the ‘Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment’ developed by the UK Landscape Institute and Institute of Environmental Assessment. 9.2 METHODOLOGY

The methodology is based on an examination of landscape and visual impacts - impacts on landscape, townscape and/or special elements within and adjacent to the project site that define or contribute to the landscape character or; impacts on views of amenity value or feature that would have been affected as a result of the project. This assessment includes a combination of desktop and site assessment processes. A desktop study was undertaken to determine landscape character and feature elements within which the project site is located. A site and landscape visual assessment were then conducted to establish the baseline conditions and ‘receiving environment’ and; to describe and assess the visual change in the landscape that is likely to occur as a consequence of the development project. The baseline study describes, classifies and evaluates the landscape and visual resource focusing on its sensitivity and ability to accommodate change. The extent of landscape impact has been determined from an examination of the sensitivity of the landscape resource and from determination of the magnitude of change/effect on that landscape sensitivity as a result of the development project. The sensitivity of the landscape is based on the broad descriptions set out in table below but may include overlapping transitional sensitivities for example, ‘low-to-medium’ sensitivity depending on the landscape character.

Once the visual and landscape context of the receiving environment (the baseline condition) has been established, the development proposal was assessed to examine the extent of the magnitude of

Sensitivity description Acceptability to development

LOW SENSITIVITY

Landscape character with few landscape features of value and where the landscape is capable of absorbing substantial change

MEDIUM SENSITIVITY

Landscape quality with moderately valued characteristics reasonable tolerant to visual changes

HIGH SENSITIVITY

Strong positive landscape character with higher valued or unique characteristics susceptible to relative small visual change.

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change on the landscape character and on predetermined visual viewpoints to determine its effects on key landscape characteristics. Viewpoints are taken as representative and characteristic of the local landscape/visual resource.

The significance criteria used to determine the magnitude of visual effect/change of the project on the landscape resource is determined using the following scale:

MAGNITUDE DEFINITION

SUBSTANTIAL Total loss or major alteration of key elements/features/characteristics of the baseline landscape character and/or introduction of features considered to be totally uncharacteristic when set within the receiving landscape and its level of sensitivity.

MODERATE An impact that alters the character of key elements/features/characteristics of the baseline landscape character and/or introduction of features that may be prominent but not necessarily considered to be substantially uncharacteristic when set within the receiving landscape and its level of sensitivity.

SLIGHT An impact that causes alteration to one or more key elements/ features/characteristics of the baseline landscape character and/or introduction of features that may not be uncharacteristic with the receiving landscape and its level of sensitivity.

NEGLIGIBLE An impact that causes minor loss or alteration to key elements/features/characteristics of the baseline landscape character and/or introduction of features that may not be uncharacteristic when set within the receiving landscape but without noticeable consequences.

The significance for landscape impact is determined from applied consideration of the landscape sensitivity and the magnitude of change in the landscape resource generally in accordance with the following assumptions;

Mitigation measures can be identified and considered to reduce as far as possible any potential negative landscape impacts. Sources of Information Desktop and field survey was supported by various information streams including digital aerial and OS mapping, Meath County Council Landscape Character Assessment, and, planning policy objectives and scenic routes as set out in the County Development Plan. Photographs illustrating views from selected viewpoints were taken using a Nikon digital camera fixed at 55mm for best illustration (unless otherwise stated for contextual purposes).

IMPACT DEFINITION

Positive impact: A change that improves the quality of the existing landscape character.

Neutral impact: A change that does not affect the quality of the landscape character.

Negative impact: A change that reduces the quality of the existing landscape character.

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9.3 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT

9.3.1 Context & Landscape Character

A description of the location of the project site, and existing established uses within the property and on adjacent surrounding lands has been provided in detail in Chapter 2 (Section 2.3). The project site is situated in south west County Meath adjacent to the M6 Dublin-Galway motorway corridor. The project is proposed within an established industrial cement manufacturing and quarrying facility which extends over 150 hectares in area and includes a number of industrial related processes and activities including; quarrying, and cement manufacturing. The character of the surrounding landscape outside of the Lagan Cement facility is generally rural in character, the wider topography is characteristically flat and low lying and with a mix of predominantly rural land uses (Fig 2.3 refers illustrating the variant landuse types). The settlement of Kinnegad is situated a short distance 3km to the north on the opposing side of the M6 Motorway, and the small settlement of Ballinbrackey is situated circa 1.5km to the southeast. Whilst the composition of neighbouring landuses may be complex (as suggested by the variety of activities recorded on the Corine Landuse Map Fig 2.3), the landscape form is relatively simplistic. The property is positioned within a low lying open landscape which is most visually conspicuous from eastbound and westbound views for a section of nearby M6 motorway a short distance to the north. The topography rises slightly toward the cement processing facility before a slight fall again beyond its southern boundary. The visual character of the area to the south is markedly different from that to the north between it and the M6. The landscape character to the south, to the south west and immediate east is definitely more agricultural in appearance comprising most notable by improved grassland habitats laid out in characteristically irregular field shapes with mature boundaries consisting of established hedgerow and mature tree specimens. The immediate rural area to the north is low lying and open in comparison reflecting the large areas of worked peatland which extends up to the edge of the M6 motorway. Within this variable landscape, the Lagan Cement facility has an established visual presence. This is represented most notably by the industrial buildings of varying large scale but within a clustered spatial arrangement with the emission stack the most obvious and visually conspicuous feature in the landscape. Other views, from settlements and other regional and local roads are less obvious given the undulation in local landform and the variable alignment of those roads where views are limited and/or restricted by the variable boundary and roadside vegetation details, and tracts of commercial woodland plantations. 9.3.2 Site Context

The site forms part of a larger industrial operation inclusive of quarry extraction areas and cement manufacturing and processing in the manner described in Chapter 2. The overall Lagan Cement facility which measures in excess of 150 ha is set out in an irregular elongated shape extending on a north-south axis over a distance of 2km between a series of local roads. The internal operations of the site are relatively consolidated with the primary operational activities inclusive of quarrying, manufacturing and processing positioned centrally within the south of the property. This area is serviced by a network of internal roads extending from the single access point on the L8021 local road which serves the entire facility. The active quarry pit and related operations, situated within the eastern side of the facility is concealed from view from outside the Lagan Cement facility. Much of the landcover in the southern central area of the facility have been stripped and either quarried or comprises part of the operational activities and buildings.

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In contrast, the northern portion of the Lagan Cement facility reflects a less industrial and more natural appearance consequent to the managed rehabilitation of this area to a semi-natural state. This area, and particularly the former deep pit excavations, is being used as part of overall surface water management regime for the entire facility prior to authorised discharge. The visual character of the facility is therefore effectively split between these two areas - to the north and to the south, with the southern area taken on a distinctly industrial appearance. Despite this, and despite the visual prominence of the cement manufacturing structures from distance, the full extent of industrial operations (excavation and processing) is effectively screened from view from the surrounding local road network. It is not to say that the cement processing facility cannot be seen as the taller structures are clearly visible from various locations in the surrounding locale. Rather, there is very little opportunity for unrestricted views into the cement processing facility and of the existing operations from the surrounding area. This can be attributed to several factors including; the variable (winding) alignment of the adjacent local roads; the established boundary embankments of the facility which are in parts higher than the level of the adjoining public road (particularly along the local Road L8021 to the east); and, to the associated roadside vegetated field boundaries vegetation, landform undulations and intermittent pockets of forestry plantation which limits unrestricted views into the facility. In part, this may also be attributed to the effective design and management of existing operations, their consolidated siting and effective boundary treatment (particularly to the south). Rural one-off housing is also a notable feature in surrounding areas primarily within the more agriculture landscape to the immediate east, west and south reflective of the more agricultural character of those areas. Further to the south, there are smaller rural cluster settlements. However there is a distinct absence of any visual relationship between these settlements and the Lagan Cement facility given the intermediate landscape features discussed previously. The site for which the project is proposed, is situated within the cluster of industrial buildings and processes established on the site. Fig 2.2 illustrates the extents of the project area for the purpose of this EIA. This area has been cleared of any natural overburden as part of the existing authroised quarry operations and used for the temporary stockpiling of excavated material as part of established quarrying and processing activities. Visually and functionally, the project site area forms an established part of the existing industrial processes. 9.3.3 Landscape Planning Context

Landscape Character

The project site (inclusive of the entire Lagan Cement Facility) is situated within the ‘Southwest Lowlands’ - one of 20 individually classified landscape areas comprising Co. Meath as classified in the County Landscape Character Assessment (LCA)1 (Volume 07, Map No.1). This landscape was defined by its distinct recognisable landscape elements upon which the landscape policy objectives of the County Development Plan (CDP) are based. This landscape character type area, ranging between 50-100m contour level is classified as ‘high landscape value’ (Volume 07, Map No.2), and of ‘high landscape sensitivity’ (Volume 07, Map No.3) and is described as follows in the landscape character assessment:

This is one of the more remote areas of Meath. Pasture farmland is dominant although there is rough pasture in the upland areas interspersed with a mix of woodland plantations, small copses and scrubby woodland more prevalent in the south west. Fields are small to medium sized and

1 Meath County Development Plan 2013-2019 (As varied) Appendix 07

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enclosed with well-wooded hedgerows. The landscape in this area is comprised of large arable fields and rough pasture

Views within this area are generally limited by the complex topography and mature vegetation except at the tops of drumlins and from bridges crossing the Royal Canal where panoramic views are available. Short-range views are channelled along narrow valleys between drumlins often along roads and the lowland adjacent to the Royal Canal.

The LCA notes several characteristic features of this classified ‘South West Lowland’ landscape area. These include features of Geology and Soils, Land Use, Ecology and Habitat, History and Culture, Tourism, Forces of Change, Settlements and Built Structures, Key Settlements. These features have been taken into consideration during this assessment insofar as they relate to the landscape and visual context of the project site. Of significant consideration are features of obvious visual sensitivity and in this regard consideration was afforded to the recognized tourism features - St. Finian’s Monastery, The Hill of Down, and the Royal Canal. However, there is no visual relationship between these features and the project site given the distance and, given the character and landform of the intervening landscape which limits visual association. In terms of landscape capacity, the landscape character assessment suggests that the area has a Medium capacity to accommodate large-scale farm buildings “because the complex topography and mature vegetation provides good opportunities for screening”. This understanding is considered to reflect an appreciation of a ‘working’ and changing landscape. 9.3.4 Meath County Development Plan 2011-2017 Landscape Policy Objectives

Chapter 9 of the Meath County Development Plan (CDP) sets out the landscape objectives for the County. The thrust of the objectives seek to protect the landscape character, quality, and local distinctiveness of County Meath including for example, landscape character and sensitivity, amenity views and prospects, amenity areas and features. These objectives are informed by the Landscape Character Assessment and the identified sensitivities, capacities set out in Appendix 07 of the CDP as discussed above. Policy Objectives LC OBJ1 and LC OBJ2 set out clearly the underlying approach toward the landscape and those together with other relevant landuse planning policies in relation to landscape management are set out below;

LC OBJ 1 To seek to ensure the preservation of the uniqueness of all

landscape character types, and to maintain the visual integrity of areas of exceptional value and high sensitivity.

LC OBJ 5 To preserve the views and prospects and the amenity of places and features of natural beauty or interest listed in Appendix 12 and shown on Map 9.5.1 from development that would interfere with the character and visual amenity of the landscape.

In addition, reference is also made to Chapter 10 (Rural Development) and Chapter 11 (Development Management Guidelines) of the CDP and its reference to landscape management policy objectives which are referenced below;

RD POL 24 To seek to ensure that the extraction of minerals and aggregates minimise the detraction from the visual quality of the landscape and do not adversely affect the environment or adjoining existing land uses.

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RD POL 27 To ensure that development for aggregates / mineral extraction, processing and associated processes does not significantly impact in the following areas:

i. Existing & Proposed Special Areas of Conservation (SACs);

ii. Special Protection Areas (SPAs);

iii. Natural Heritage Areas and Proposed Natural Heritage Areas;

iv. Other areas of importance for the conservation of flora and fauna;

v. Areas of significant archaeological potential;

vi. In the vicinity of a recorded monument;

vii. Sensitive landscapes, and;

viii. World Heritage Sites.

9.3.5 Views & Prospects

From consideration of Map 9.5.1 of the Meath CDP (Views and Prospects), there are no designated ‘views and prospects’ located within the immediate visual vicinity of the project site.

9.3.6 Designated Natural Amenity Areas

There are no Natura 2000 sites (Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) or Special Protection Areas (SPA) as designated under the EU Habitats Directive2) within 5km of the project site. Equally, there are no National Nature Reserves, UNESCO Biosphere reserves, RAMSAR sites or Natural Heritage Areas (NHA) within the same radius. Chapter 8 confirms that lands within the site boundary comprise substantially of disturbed ground classified from a habitats perspective as spoil & bare ground – ED23. Vegetation cover is low or absent in most places although some areas where spoil is not routinely moved has some cover of annual or grassy species. The spatial and landscape relationship between the project site and designated natural amenity sites is illustrated on figure 9.1. The closest designated sites are situated relatively equal distance from the project site (circa 5.8km) and include Mount Heavy Bog: Special Area of Conservation and proposed Natural Heritage Area (pNHA) to the northeast, and Milltownpass Bog Natural Heritage Area to the northwest. 9.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

From a visual perspective, the development will involve the construction of new industrial type structures including reception/processing building, conveyor feed and supports between the new building and the existing SRF building, and provision of associated infrastructure. The reception/processing building is be positioned immediately south of existing cluster of processing buildings as per the layouts illustrated and appended with (Appendix 2.2). This area forms the southerly area of existing operations and is currently used for stockpiling mineral materials extracted from the quarry pit. Processing activities are all proposed internally with only an external and enclosed conveyor feed belt extending above ground between the proposed building and the existing SRF building to the north. The proposed building will measure circa 14m in height over ground levels with surrounding hard standing areas provided at grade level (85.15m datum) and tying in with the existing

2 EU Council Directive 92/43/EC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora 3 As defined in accordance with Fossitt, J (2000) The Heritage Council – ‘A Guide to Habitats in Ireland’

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internal road network. Building materials on the upper elevation and roof will be finished with Kingspan cladding panels in goose wing grey colour or similar to reflect the colour used on other buildings within the site. The height of the proposed structures relative to the existing structures including kiln and emission stacks is clearly illustrated on the contiguous elevations submitted with this EIS. To facilitate the project, the area will be cleared to ground level and rationalisation of stockpiles will occur with the Lagan facility. 9.5 IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT It is not considered that the proposed project activity (its industrial use), will from an operational perspective, present any adverse effects on the receiving visual environment given that it will be undertaken within an established industrial facility where similar activities occur. The potential for effects on the landscape resource are therefore limited to the physical characteristics of the project. Such effects might expect to manifest pursuant to the construction of the new building and associated infrastructure in the landscape during both temporary (construction) and permeant (operational) phases of development. The extent and magnitude of these changes are now considered. For the purpose of this assessment, the duration of the development is assessed as being permanent. 9.5.1 Landscape Impact

No change to landuse will occur as a consequence of the project and the project activity is consistent with the permissible landuse activity and consistent with the industrial activities occurring on immediately adjacent properties. The project site is both physically and visually disconnected from any designated amenity sites, designated view points, and is absent of any of the key features that define this landscape character type given its position within an industrial facility. Therefore, whilst the project site is located within a landscape character type classified as being sensitive, it is considered, having regard to; and the positioning of the development within an already industrialised operation, and given the similarity of scale, form, and function of the proposed building with immediately adjacent buildings; the project would result in negligible change to the landscape resource. This is based on the consideration that the introduction of the project (inclusive of built features) is not uncharacteristic when set within the context of the receiving landscape and is without noticeable consequence in the context of its position within the Lagan Cement facility. The impact on the landscape is therefore natural as it would result in a change that does not affect the quality of the landscape character. This is considered equally applicable to the construction and operational phases of development. 9.5.2 Visual Impact

The assessment therefore turns to consideration of potential effects on the visual resource – from local representative viewpoints in the surrounding area. A number of observation viewpoints were identified in order to obtain a representative view of the project site to be had from public roads or public which might influence visual view and/or perspective. Viewpoints were examined from the local road network from immediately vicinity, and also from further distance where considered necessary to afford consideration presented by the relatively open landscape. The position of these viewpoints is illustrated in Figure 9.2a and 9.2b and are discussed below. Consideration was afforded to the potential for viewpoints on the northern side of the M6 motorway and specifically from Regional Roads (R161 from the ‘Hill of Down’ and R148 Kinnegad-

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Clonard. However, there was a distinct absence of clear unobstructed viewpoints from these routes and locations toward the project site given the undulation in local landscape topography, and more specifically, the extent of vegetation cover along field boundaries and roadside edges which prohibited any distance amenity viewpoint perspectives southwest toward the project site. It is relevant to note that all viewpoint images were taken in early spring 2016. The clear absence of vegetation foliage thus presents a worst case scenario of views to be had toward the project site. Viewpoint 1

Viewpoint 1 is taken from the southern side of the M6 motorway on/off ramp roundabout situated 2.1km to the north east of the project site. The view is taken orientated toward the Lagan Cement facility in a south westerly direction and is representative of the rural location of Lagan Cement adjacent to the motorway. The character of the view is dominated by both foreground and background features. The foreground is characterized by the road infrastructure, the ancillary crash barriers that extend for a distance from the roundabout junction along the L8021 local road, and the roadside post and wire overhead telecommunications that travel along the westerns side of the L8021 road. The middle ground comprises an open low-lying improved/modified grassland punctuated with the occasional boundary bushy small trees. The background is represented by an established linear homogenous treeline extending across the viewpoint where the taller industrial buildings and stacks of Lagan Cement are visually conspicuous by the height above the treeline. The viewpoint is considered to be of low to medium landscape sensitivity given that it has few landscape features of value. The project would be situated to the left (as viewed) and in the same field of distance as the existing structures and behind the background tree line and would be substantially smaller (lower) in height than the existing buildings (refer to contigious elevations for reference). The proposed processing building would appear part of the existing cluster of structures. However, at 14m in height and at this distance from this view, it is unlikely to represent a feature that is inconsistent with the established characteristics and features of the viewpoint. The magnitude of visual change would therefore be considered negligible to slight given that the project would cause minor alteration to landscape characteristic by the introduction of built features into an open rural landscape but which is not uncharacteristic within the receiving landscape. The impact is considered as neutral as there is no change to the quality of landscape character.

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Viewpoint 2

Viewpoint 2 is taken 1.1km to the southeast along a winding local road that extends south from the Local road L8021. The view is characterised by a typical example of ribbon residential development extending along a rural road each of different design and boundary treatment, and associated roadside infrastructure and overhead cables. Each dwelling is set back from, but facing onto the public road and are generally of similar single story scale and proportions. The characteristics of the landscape is defined by the alignment of the public road that leads from the fore to background from the dwellings to an established treeline/hedgerow. The existing Lagan Cement facility is positioned to the left of the centre of the viewpoint represented accurately by the existing emissions stack peering above the background treeline. The sensitivity of the landscape to visual change is considered low given that it comprises a distinct absence of landscape features of value and where the landscape is clearly capable of absorbing change evident by both the existing of established development features in both the foreground through to the background. The proposed development in terms of the proposed processing building would be situated behind the background treeline, adjacent to the emission stack as it would appear from this view. Given the distance of the project site from this observation point, the variable and intermittent built and natural landscape features that are likely to provide total or extensive screening, the proposed development would be considered to generate a negligible effect on the landscape viewpoint as it is likely to result in the introduction of features that is no uncharacteristic with those established in the landscape and only minor alteration to the baseline landscape character. The landscape impact on this view is therefore considered neutral as it would result in a change that does not affect the quality of the landscape character.

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Viewpoint 3

Viewpoint 3 is positioned circa 4km to the south-east across an open low-lying agricultural landscape to the foreground with a stand of commercial woodland to the background. There is a slight topographically undulation more evident in the background and particularly to the west (left hand side of viewpoint). The existing lagan facility would occupy a position within the left of the viewpoint generally between the road and to the right hand-side of the roadside telegraph pole. It is not visually noticeable due to the localised topographical undulation and the intermittent woodland feature. The open and exposed nature of the agricultural landscape, (save for road and roadside cable infrastructure) is relatively characteristic in itself but not one of significant high value. The viewpoint is therefore considered of low- to-medium landscape sensitivity given that it comprises a landscape of moderate value but which nonetheless would be reasonable tolerant to visual change. Given the absence of any noticeable development feature of the existing facility as viewed from this location (for example the high storage and emission stacks), the positioning of the project development, adjacent to and of smaller height than those features, is unlikely to introduce any significant new landscape feature into this viewpoint that would alter the character of the landscape. The magnitude of change occurring at this viewpoint is therefore considered negligible as it is unlikely to alter any key feature of the landscape character and the landscape impact would be neutral.

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Viewpoint 4

Viewpoint 4 is taken from the Regional Road R401 circa 4.42km to the south-east of the project site. Views toward the site from this route are generally restricted given the varying horizontal and direction of the public road and the orientation of the observer, and the substantial lengths of mature roadside vegetation along substantial sections of the western roadside edge. The roadside hedgerow consists of a variable canopy height up to and in excess of 5m. This viewpoint is representative of a small opportunistic view across the open landscape toward the Lagan Cement facility afforded by an punctuation in the roadside hedgerow to facilitate vehicular access to the agriculture land. It is not representative of the landscape view from this road from which the project site cannot normally be seen due to the extent of roadside vegetation. The view presented is orientated westward and at 90o from the Regional Road that runs on a north-south direction. This viewpoint is characterised by the open agricultural landscape comprising of large field sizes, the mild undulation in topography in the middle to background, the established treeline/hedgerow in the near distance and, the far distant lowlying landscape. Built features of the existing Lagan facility including Kiln, and silos are visible from this viewpoint albeit relatively inconspicuous given the distance in the viewpoint in the context of the layered background landscape features. Similar to Viewpoint 3, the visual sensitivity of this viewpoint is considered low- to-medium given that it comprises a landscape of moderate value but which nonetheless would be reasonable tolerant to visual change – evident by the presence of existing built features. Given the distance of the project from this viewpoint, the project would not result in the introduction of features that would adversely alter the character of the existing view and therefore, the magnitude of change that could occur at this viewpoint is considered negligible as it is unlikely to alter any key feature of the landscape character. The visual impact is thus considered neutral.

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Viewpoint 5

Viewpoint 5 positioned 1km to the northwest of the project site and 860m from the overall boundary of Lagan Cement. A flat landscape defined by agricultural and industrial activities evident by the mosaic of open fields of varying shapes, a narrow third class road and related roadside infrastructure and cables in the immediate fore to middle ground. The Lagan Cement structures including silos, kiln and industrial building are clearly visible along a horizon defined in this viewpoint by an irregular hedgerow boundary. The visual sensitivity of this viewpoint is considered low given that it presents few landscape features of value and where the landscape is evidently capable of absorbing change. The proposed project development would be situated within the right hand-side of this grouping of structures and on the far side of the industrial building (colored cream). Where the structure appears visible from this viewpoint, it would appear part of the visual cluster of industrial buildings, it would be of similar scale, form and proportion to the existing cream coloured industrial structure though significantly lower than the height of the taller silo and emission stacks as illustrated on the contiguous elevation drawings. The magnitude of visual change is thus considered slight in that the visual alteration would not be uncharacteristic with the established development and is positioned within a receiving landscape which has the capacity to absorb change. The visual impact from this viewpoint is considered Neutral as the change would not affect the quality of the landscape character.

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Viewpoint 6

Viewpoint 6 is observed from a third class local road circa 3.2km due south from the project site. The area is characterised by a relatively open and exposed, agricultural landscape defined by a mosaic of small field boundaries and mature hedgerows between the viewpoint and the site. The local road is narrow and variable in horizontal alignment generally in an east-west direction. Whilst the predominant landuse is agricultural, this section of local road includes a notable number of one-off dwellings. The existing Lagan Cement facility, specifically the kiln emission stack and taller industrial buildings are visually evident in a clustered grouping centrally to the foreground just above the left handside gate post. The irregular shape and extent of boundary vegetation in the intermediate landscape presents some visually deflection from these conspicuous features. Despite its relatively open and semi-natural character, the sensitivity of the landscape is considered low as it contains few landscape features of value and presents a landscape that is capable of absorbing substantial change (noting the introduction of the existing industrial features) with adverse visual effect. Given the low lying and visually open nature of the landscape it is likely that the project development, and specifically the industrial building will be visible from this viewpoint. However, were noticeable, the development features, at this distance, will visually appear as part of the industrial complex. The magnitude of visual change is therefore likely to be slight-moderate given that the project will result in the introduction of features that may be prominent but not necessarily considered to be substantially uncharacteristic within the receiving landscape and its level of low sensitivity. It is not considered that the introduction of the project would adversely affect the quality of the existing landscape character and therefore the impact is perceived to be Neutral.

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Viewpoint 7

Viewpoint 7 is taken from circa 4.2km northwest of the site from the southern (nearest) side of the M6 motorway and representative of distant eastbound views across an open peatland habitat clearly evident in the middle ground. The presence of young trees is visible in the foreground and form part of an informal but defined planting which it is assumed, formed part of landscaping works associated with the road building project. These tress are clearly in juvenile stage of development and will in due course develop to an extent that during full foliage, will change the visual character of this open landscape. The existing Lagan facility is situated midway on the horizon and the existing facility structures present a clustered feature of industrial buildings in the landscape. Whilst the landscape sensitivity might be described at present as being of medium-high sensitivity given the open character of the landscape which affords distant views, it is highly likely that the landscape will become more tolerable to change upon maturity of the roadside landscaping which will limit and influence distant views toward the site. Despite the likely long term change to the sensitivity in landscape, the effects of the project are considered worst case scenario, as the landscape circumstances present now. Specific factors which also must be borne in mind is the relative distance of the project from this viewpoint, the orientation of the viewer which is likely to be concentrated either east or west along the motorway route and not naturally in a southerly direction toward the site, and the positioning of the project development which be located within the grouping of existing industrial buildings. With consideration to these circumstances, it is considered that the magnitude of change to viewpoint would be negligible. The project would result in the introduction of features which would not be uncharacteristic with existing landscape and that would be positioned at such distance from this viewpoint that they would be without noticeable consequence. The visual impact is considered neutral as the change would not affect the quality of the landscape character.

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Viewpoint 8

Viewpoint 8 is taken from a Motorway layby a short distance further west that viewpoint 7 but at a zoomed focal length of 18mm at 5.1km from the project site. The contextual setting and character of this viewpoint and its sensitivity is as described for viewpoint 7. This viewpoint is taken to provide a secondary amenity viewpoint from the north and from the M6 motorway. The existing Lagan facility is clearly evident on the horizon situated between the 4th and 5th fenceline tree from the right. The project situated within the visible cluster will not present any material change to the appearance of the cement facility from this location and distance. The magnitude of change to this viewpoint is considered negligible as it will result in the introduction of features that will not be uncharacteristic when set within the receiving landscape. The impact is considered neutral as there is no change to the quality of the viewpoint character.

9.5.3 Impact on Designated Sites

There is no physical or visual association between the project site and the designated sites referred to in section 9.3.6 and therefore the project is not considered to adversely affect the amenity setting and landscape integrity of those designations.

9.5.4 Impact on Scenic Route

No impacts are considered to occur on designated views and prospects as none are considered to occur within visual proximity and influence to the project that would alter the visual amenity setting or views from scenic routes. 9.5.5 Impact Summary

Whilst the proposed development is situated in a visually open rural landscape evident from the surrounding area, the project will be sited within an industrial complex consistent with the pattern of

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established development and land use activities. The scale and form of development is similar in scale, form and function with the established uses. When viewed from the surrounding area, the project in terms of its scale and form of its visual elements above ground (the building and the conveyor feed), will visually appear as part of the established cluster of buildings from outside the project site. It is not considered that the project will result in the introduction of a feature inconsistent with or incompatible with the established landscape character or that would alter adversely, any key elements/features/ characteristics of the baseline landscape. Whilst the location of the project site is situated within a landscape character area defined as ‘high landscape value’ (Volume 07, Map No.2), and of ‘high landscape sensitivity at a strategic county level, the immediate receiving landscape character is categorised as being of ‘low’ to ‘medium’ landscape sensitivity as it consists of few or moderately valued characteristics which are reasonable tolerant to visual change. The magnitude of change on the landscape character is considered to be negligible and neutral. The magnitude of change on the visual resource is more responsive to each viewpoint observed. In summary, the extent of change on the visual resource ranges from negligible to moderate and the visual impact recorded as neutral.

9.5.6 Impact on Landscape Policy

The assessment of visual effects on the landscape character and on the visual resource in the previous sections confirms that the project would not detract from the visual quality of the landscape, it would not adversely affect the environment or adjoining landuse and, would not significantly impact on existing natural or built amenity designations or sensitive landscapes. Therefore, it is considered that the project is consistent with the landscape policy and objectives of Meath County Council as set out under LC OBJ1, LC OBJ5, Rd POL24 and RD POL27 in relation to protection and preservation of landscape character. 9.6 REMEDIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES

By way of good practice and as part of the applicants established approach toward site biodiversity, the development proposals include and provide for landscape planting around the perimeter of the proposed building and its hardstanding areas. It is recommended that native species are included in any such planting plan reflective of common hedgerows. The effects of mature planting can not only assist in more effective visual integration of the building, structures and processes within the landscape, but it can provide suitable foraging or commuting habitat corridors to encourage insects, birds and mammals through what is a substantial developed site. Species should include but are not limited to; Ash fraxinus excelsior, Rowan / Mountain Ash Sorbus aucuparia, Whitethorn Crataegus monogyna, Blackthorn Prunus spinose, Dog-rose Rosa spp, Wild cherry Prunus avium, Hazel Corylus avellana, Holly Ilex aquifolium, Gorse Ulex europaeus. Any landscape management thereafter should avoid cutting/trimming hedgerow between March and August consistent with best practice management. REFERENCES Meath County Development Plan Meath Landscape Character Assessment Fossitt, J (2000) The Heritage Council – ‘A Guide to Habitats in Ireland’

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Figure 9.1 Environmental Designations

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Figure 9.2a Viewpoint Location (topographic basemap)

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Figure 9.2b Viewpoint Location (aerial basemap)

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Chapter Ten HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants SOILS & GEOLOGY


CHAPTER 10.0 SOILS AND GEOLOGY 10.1 INTRODUCTION This section of the environmental impact statement assesses the impact the proposed development is likely to have on soils, subsoils and bedrock geology found in the vicinity of the proposed development and the potential impacts that may arise during both the construction and operational phases. 10.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY The findings and analysis are based on the following sources of information:

Geology of Meath, Sheet 13 – 1:100,000 scale bedrock map (Geological Survey of Ireland, 1999);

Geological Survey of Ireland Groundwater Public Viewer (Quaternary and Bedrock data);

General Soil Map of Ireland – 1:575,000 scale map, 1980;

Environmental Protection Agency ENVision Online Map Viewer (Soils data);

Data from boreholes drilled between January and May 1998 and trial pits and soft ground drilling undertaken in 1999 and 2000;

Infill check drilling for chemical quality and materials handling purposes undertaken between August and November 2001;

Additional drilling and site investigation works which took place in 2007 and 2008;

Environmental Impact Assessments carried out for various developments at the Lagan Cement Ltd site during 2009 - 2014.

Draft Construction Methodology Statement from ORS Engineers (May 2016).

10.3 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 10.3.1 Soils

Soils in Ireland are classified into Great Soil Groups - groupings of soils with general similarities in their degree of development and properties, although each Soil Group will contain different soil ‘types’. There are 10 Great Soil Groups in Ireland, the most common are the Gleys (25% occurrence), the Grey Brown Podzolics (20% occurrence), the Brown Podzolics (12% occurrence) and the Brown Earths (14% occurrence). The General Soil Map of Ireland and other available sources of information on soils indicate that the soil in the area of the site mainly belong to the Grey Brown Podzolics Group, as well as blanket peat deposits and minor amounts of peaty Gleys (see Figure 10.1). The soils of the Grey Brown Podzolics Group consist of deep well drained mineral soils derived from mainly calcareous parent materials. The peaty gleys are poorly drained mineral soils also derived from a calcareous parent material. The soils vary from approximately 0.5 to 1.0m depth but are less than this at and near limestone outcrops. Soils are generally silty, sandy loams with a variable stone content and are peaty in low lying areas especially near the southern boundary of the site.

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There is a raised bog to the south of the site. The ecological value of the raised bog has been assessed and the conservation value of the bog has been determined to be low as it does not have any areas of active bog (i.e. areas where new peat is being formed) and its hydrology is so altered as to preclude any chance of regeneration. Peat soils are characterised by a high content of organic carbon, greater that 30% and by having a minimum of 0.3m depth. Typically there are two types of peat soils, basin peat and blanket peat. The raised bog peat, as found at the Lagan Cement Ltd. site is a basin peat and their profile generally consist of a basal layer fen or woody fen peat overlain by a layer of acid ombrogenous peat characterized by its high content of mosses and bog cotton. There are significant tracts of raised bog across County Meath which have been cut-over and large areas to the west of the site have been developed and processed for sod and milled peat by Bord na Mona. The application area lies within the bounds of the existing Lagan Cement Ltd. site. The application area has previously been developed as part of the cement manufacturing facility at the site and is currently unsurfaced. The soils immediately below the application area have been previously covered or removed as part of earlier site development works. 10.3.2 Subsoil (Quaternary) Geology

Geological Survey of Ireland subsoil maps indicate that much of the area around the site is underlain by boulder clay (glacial till) derived mainly from limestone, as well as peat deposits. The maps indicate that the overburden directly beneath the application area, if still present, would be peat. A map of subsoil deposits is presented in Figure 10.2. The original thickness of the overburden was 1.5 to 6.5m in the limestone Quarry therefore it is quite possible that the facility is founded directly on bedrock. 10.3.3 Bedrock Geology

The general geological setting of the Killaskillen-Kinnegad area, and a generalised sequence of strata within the quarry workings are given in Figure 10.3. The Limestone Quarry lies almost entirely within the Waulsortian (Reef) Limestone but the southern extremities encroach onto the Biociastic Limestone while the northern boundary approaches the Tober Colleen Formation. The application area lies entirely within the Waulsortian (Reef) Limestones. The Waulsortian limestones are generally pale grey, poorly bedded, pure limestones. The limestones can have steep depositional dips reflecting their original mound-form topography on the scale of a few meters to over 100m. The mounds can be continuous or discontinuous and are referred to as ‘reefs’ or ‘mud-mounds’. Horizontal beds can occur which are the lateral equivalent of the mounds and formed ‘off-reef’ and generally include more shaley interbeds. Data from the GSI would suggest that the limestone is many hundreds of meters thick in this part of County Meath. Previous investigations within the quarry have shown that there are no significant variations in observable characteristics of the limestone which is typically a moderately strong rock, with widely spaced, tight discontinuities. The Rock Quality Designation has been shown to be well over 95%. Some minor faulting and solution features may be present at the northern margins of the geological unit.

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10.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

The proposed development involves the provision of an industrial building and related infrastructure for the purpose of providing an additional refinement process of the solid recovered fuel (SRF) currently used and authorised as an alternative fuel source in the cement manufacturing process as permitted under planning permission ref. TA 150677 & TA 800654. This proposal is designed to improve the sustainability of Lagan Cement’s operation through the increased use of alternative fuels which will result in a further reduction of fossil fuel consumption at the facility. Lagan Cement sees this use of a waste as an essential step in improving the sustainability of its cement manufacturing operation and reducing its emissions of greenhouse gases. 10.5 PREDICTED IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 10.5.1 Construction Phase

There will be minor excavation works associated with this proposal to facilitate the construction of access roads and the foundations for the building. The proposal will have no effect on the location, geometry, working limits or final working levels of either the shale or limestone quarries. It is concluded that there will be no impact on the geological environment.

10.5.2 Operational Phase

The SRF fuel will continue to be brought into the site in a ready-to-use form and will be stored in the new process reception building pending processing to improve the quality of the material prior to transfer to the existing fuel feed system for the kiln. There is negligible risk of a spillage occurring. The hardstand areas will protect the environment and prevent any potential contamination of the soil or sub-soils at the facility. The continued use of SRF as a fuel will have no impact on the soils and geology at the site. Overall, the proposed development will have a neutral impact on the geological environment and consequently no adverse impacts are predicted as a result of this proposal. 10.5.3 Impact Summary

There will be no adverse impact on the geological environment of the site as a result of the proposal to develop an industrial building for further processing of SRF at the Lagan Cement Ltd facility.

10.6 REMEDIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES

There are no specific mitigation measures required as a result of the proposed development. The Spillage Response Procedure already in use at the site for the existing use of alternative fuels at the site will ensure that there are no adverse impacts on the soils and geology at the Lagan Cement Ltd site as a result of this proposal. The SRF will be stored in a bunded area which will be integrity tested as part of the Industrial Emissions (IE) Licence compliance regime. The bund will be regularly inspected to ensure that it is fit for purpose and routine integrity testing will be carried out on an on-going basis.

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Ordnance Survey Ireland Licence No. EN0001309 Ordnance Survey Ireland/ Government of Ireland

TMS Environment Ltd, 53 Broomhill Drive, Tallaght, Dublin 24

Tel: +353-1-4626710

Figure 10.3 Geological setting and sequence of strata

t m s environment ltd

Chapter 10 FIGURES


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Chapter Eleven HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants HYDROLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY


11.0 HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

11.1 INTRODUCTION This Chapter of the EIS considers the potential hydrological and hydrogeological impacts associated with the proposed project. It describes the surface water and the groundwater baseline conditions at the facility and assesses the impacts that the proposed changes may have on the quality of the receptors 11.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY The findings and analysis are based on the following sources of information:

Met Eireann meteorological data for Mullingar & Casement Stations;

Surface water quality monitoring results collated as part of site monitoring programme - June 2000 to date;

Biological assessments of water quality conducted in June 2003, March 2005 and December 2007;

Groundwater well surveys conducted in 1998 & 1999;

Groundwater quality monitoring data 2004 to date;

Geological Survey of Ireland Groundwater Public Viewer;

Draft Services Design, ORS Engineers, May 2016. 11.3 THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 11.3.1 Hydrology

11.3.1.1 Meteorological Information

Average rainfall for the Kinnegad area, calculated from the long term data for the years 1961 to 1990, is approximately 868mm. Mean monthly rainfall data is presented in Table 11.1.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

89 61 65 56 61 61 55 78 82 87 84 91

Table 11.1 Mean monthly rainfall in mm for Kinnegad 1961-1990

There is no continuous Met Eireann synoptic weather station located uniquely close to the site, but comprehensive monitoring data is available for Mullingar, which is located approximately 18 km from the Lagan site. Mean monthly temperatures for the area (Mullingar Monitoring Station) recorded in 2015 are in the range -0.17 to 18.1ºC, with total monthly precipitation rates in the range 37.1 mm in June to 273.9 mm in December 2015. The annual precipitation rate for Mullingar in 2015 was 1112.4 mm. A summary of the data is presented in Table 11.2 which shows the typical average weather patterns that would be expected at the Lagan site.

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16002/Lagan Cement EIS/Chapter11 11 - 2

Year Mean Temperature,

oC Annual rainfall,

mm

2011 9.5 946 2012 9.2 1024 2013 9.2 964 2014 9.9 1137 2015 8.9 1112 Mean 9.3 1037

Table 11.2 Mean annual temperature and total rainfall for Mullingar (2011 – 2015)

11.3.1.2 Regional Drainage

The Lagan Cement Ltd site lies entirely within the catchment of the Kinnegad River which forms the northern boundary of part of the site, just north of the shale quarry. The general topography in the area is a regional slope northwards to the Kinnegad River. The general character of the landscape immediately north of the site is an open river valley with few trees and low intermittent hedges. To the east is slightly higher ground with more dense tree and hedge cover, while an area of raised peat bog lies to the south. To the west is an area of fields and hedges lying along the valley of the Kinnegad River. The source of the Kinnegad River is located west of the site and the surface water divide between the catchments of the Kinnegad and Castlejordan Rivers lies to the south of the site. There are several minor tributaries in each catchment, which rise in an area of peat bog at the catchment divide just south of the site. Two of these flow northwards to the Kinnegad River and are fed by field drains from the site and from adjacent land to the west and east. These are referred to as the western and eastern tributaries. Their catchment areas are quite small and these are estimated to be 404.5 ha and 215 ha respectively. Drainage ditches in the area are fed by field drains installed to improve drainage for agriculture. Drainage in the northern part of the site is generally towards the north, where ditches discharge runoff to the Kinnegad River. In the south, the drainage is to the west and then to the north into the Kinnegad River.

11.2.1.3 Local Drainage

The surface water management system operating within the quarry site is summarised as follows and the principal features are shown in Figure 11.1:

There are three main sumps for surface water management at the site: the terrace sump manages surface water run-off in the plant area, the shale quarry and limestone quarry sumps manage groundwater pumped from the two quarries;

Water is pumped forward from the terrace sump to the balancing pond and is also pumped from the limestone quarry sump to the balancing pond; water flows by gravity from the balancing pond into the settlement lagoon;

Water is pumped from the shale quarry into a drain constructed for the purpose and then flows by gravity into the settlement lagoon;

The settlement lagoons are the main features of the surface water management system at the site. The lagoons are located just north of the shale quarry and discharge into the Kinnegad River;

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There are minor discharges into the western and eastern tributaries which border the site. The discharge to the western tributary is land drainage and drainage from the bog which lies to the south of the site.

Flow from the settlement lagoons to the Kinnegad River are continuously monitored and when this exceeds 256m³/hr water from one or both of the quarries is switched automatically to feed into the balancing pond. For storms beyond the 20 year return period water would be allowed to rise in one or both of the quarries. Therefore, the outlet from the settlement lagoon acts as a hydrobrake, designed to flood at the balancing pond and the settlement lagoons in the event that storm flow and pump rates from the quarries exceed the discharge limit. 11.3.1.4 Surface Water Quality

A comprehensive programme of monitoring of surface water has been undertaken at the site since construction commenced in June 2000. Under the terms of the planning permission for the existing development the surface water monitoring regime for the site provided for various monitoring programmes of discharges and receiving water quality. A summary of the relevant monitoring details is as laid down in the company’s IE Licence (Reg. No. P0487-06) and is presented as follows:

Surface water quality of discharges to the Western Tributary (SW2) and into the Kinnegad River from the settlement lagoon (SW1) is monitored on a continuous basis along with monthly, weekly and daily readings as required;

The flow rate of discharges from SW1 and SW2 are monitored continuously;

Flow and water level in the Western and Eastern Tributary is monitored monthly.

The discharge to the Western Tributary (i.e. SW2) is land drainage only and does not include any process waters from on site operations. The monitoring programme described above was implemented during the construction phase of the project and is continuing since cement production commenced. The data shows that the surface water management system is effective at controlling water quality in the surface water discharges from the site. The other monitoring requirements (flow rates) are also being satisfied and baseline information has been obtained to describe existing conditions at the site and to monitor any effects which the development may have on the surface water system. The site has been operating well below the licenced flow limit of 6150 m³/day and well within Licence Limits for various water quality indicators. The existing mitigation measures are clearly effective in preventing any contaminants from entering the groundwater or surface water environments in the vicinity of the site. 11.3.2 Hydrogeology

11.3.2.1 Regional Hydrogeology

The regional hydrogeological characteristics in the Kinnegad area were described in the EIS which accompanied the original application for Planning Permission in 1998. A summary is presented in Table 11.3. Details of the geological conditions at the site are presented in Chapter 3.0. Detailed hydrogeological information for the Lansdown site was obtained from the field investigation undertaken between March and June 1998, as reported in the EIS which accompanied the original planning application, and ongoing work at the site since production commenced has added to the knowledge database. A comprehensive description of local hydrogeological conditions was presented

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in Section 3.4 of the original EIS and also in various reports and submissions to the EPA in support of the Application for an IPPC Licence (Reg. No. P0487, currently 487-06). Further investigations were carried out as part of the planning application for an extension to the existing limestone quarry which was submitted in April 2009 and as part of the response to a request for further information which was submitted in August 2009.

Name Thickness (metres)

Lithology Likely hydro-geological properties

Peat <1m Peat High moisture content, storage of rainfall

Glacial Till 1 – 12m Sandy gravel soft Clay, limestone cobbles

Aquitard with minor perched aquifers in sand lenses

Alluvial Sand Gravel

>6.0 m Gravel, med. to coarse Sand, occasional Fine Sand & Silt lenses

Aquifer

Limestone/ Shale (Calp)

>80m Pale micritic limestone with shale bands

Complex banded aquifer, yield predominantly low with high yield horizons

Silty Shales (Tober Colleen Fm)

0 – 45m Dark grey shale with thin limestone bands

Low storage complex fissured aquifer

Micritic Limestone (Waulsortian)

300 – 500m Pale to med. grey high purity micritic (reef) limestone

Aquifer. Permeability variable, regional low yields varying from 0.1 to 1.0 l/s

Table 11.3 Summary of regional hydrogeological features

Since 2000, implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) in Ireland has led to the management of water on the basis of River Basin Districts, including all surface water and groundwater. The Groundwater Body is the management unit under the WFD that is necessary to subdivide large areas of aquifers in order to be effectively managed. The application site is located within the Athyboy Groundwater Body, which belongs to the Eastern River Basin District. This large Groundwater Body covers an area of 964km2 and is made up principally of Locally Important Aquifers, moderately productive only in local zones (Ll). As part of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive in Ireland, all bedrock formations in the country were subdivided into 27 No. different ‘Rock Unit Groups’, based on groundwater flow properties (‘Approach to Delineation of Groundwater Bodies’, Guidance Document No.2, Working Group on Groundwater, 2002). The application area has been shown in Section 11 to be entirely underlain by Waulsortian Limestone. Figure 11.2 shows that the Waulsortian Limestone is included in the Dinantian Pure Unbedded Limestones (DPUL) Rock Unit Group. The Waulsortian Limestone in the area of Kinnegad is classified as Locally Important Aquifers, moderately productive only in local zones (Ll) (Figure 11.3). Groundwater would normally flow slowly to the north following the regional topography and discharge to the Kinnegad River. The presence of quarries however distorts the flow locally in the immediate vicinity of both quarries.

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Overlying peat deposits are either part of a larger raised bog along the southern site boundary or isolated pockets in low lying hollows elsewhere. Available evidence suggests that the peat areas are hydraulically isolated from the underlying bedrock groundwater system due to the presence of low permeability glacial clay beneath the peat deposits. These areas are probably recharged exclusively by incident precipitation; only limited vertical seepage occurs into the underlying aquifer system. Groundwater resources in the regional area are considered limited. There are no major aquifers of regional significance. Many households, however, rely on groundwater to supply either domestic needs or agricultural needs. The study completed for the 1998 EIS which accompanied the original planning application for the cement works and associated quarries identified numerous recorded wells and boreholes in the area. Most boreholes derive their yields from bedrock aquifers. Limited data is available on these wells. However, the available data show that in general borehole yields are low. Typical groundwater supplies provide sufficient water for an individual household or farm. This water is usually supplied from a well or borehole located adjacent to the property. A well survey was undertaken by BJ Murphy and Associates during September 1998 and the detailed results were included in the EIS which accompanied the original planning application. The results of the survey were presented in Section 11.4 of the original EIS (November, 1998). The information collected included owner contact details, well location (National Grid reference) well depth, standing water level, well diameter, depth to bedrock, water use, and also well construction details and information on the existing environment. Further studies were undertaken in 1999. The well survey was undertaken in the local area to provide an inventory of groundwater users for use in the impact assessment. A total of 42 wells were visited and inspected and a groundwater sample was collected from 33 of those wells.

11.3.2.2 Local Hydrogeology

Groundwater in the limestone beneath the application area moves by fracture flow, the degree of fracturing controls the ‘permeability’ and rate of flow. Karst features have not been recorded within the limestone on site. The water table in the limestones in the area is generally shallow (<10m below ground), however the drawdown effect of the limestone quarry on the water table means that groundwater is drained locally into the quarry. The elevation of the water table around the limestone quarry show that the groundwater flow direction beneath the application area is to the east towards the limestone quarry void. The depth to the water table in the limestone beneath the application site is expected to be shallow. Groundwater level data is recorded at several wells in the vicinity of the application site, within the ownership boundary of Lagan Cement Ltd. site, as part of the ongoing Environmental Monitoring Programme. The data show that in general groundwater levels within the limestone fluctuate naturally within a range of about 1 to 3m during a typical year which is consistent with expectations for this hydrogeological setting. 11.3.2.3 Groundwater Quality

Groundwater quality data is collected at biannual intervals to meet specified requirements of the IE licence. The data shows that there is no adverse impact on groundwater as a result of the existing site activities. The existing mitigation measures are clearly effective in preventing any contaminants from entering the groundwater at or near the site.

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11.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT The proposed development involves the provision of an industrial building and related infrastructure for the purpose of providing an additional refinement process of the solid recovered fuel (SRF) currently used and authorised as an alternative fuel source in the cement manufacturing process as permitted under planning permission ref. TA 150677 & TA 800654. The project will add surface water run-off from the impermeable areas. As this water is uncontaminated, it is appropriate to discharge it to the existing storm water drainage within the Lagan site. This surface water will be conveyed in a storm sewer after passing through a Class 1 interceptor across the site to the existing storm sewer system. The proposed impermeable area which will be created as a result of the proposed development represents a minimal increase in discharge when compared to the existing discharge on site. A new foul water line will be constructed to serve the proposed industrial building which will fall by gravity into the existing foul water sewer on site. The nett increase in foul water loading as a result of the proposed have been calculated by ORS Engineers (Chapter 12.0) and have been shown to be small relative to the existing flows. The existing Hydrefficiency HiPAF treatment has more than enough capacity to accommodate the increased loading as a result of the proposed development. 11.5 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 11.5.1 Surface Water

The potential impacts identified during the operational phase relate to potential contamination of surface water run-off from paved areas. These potential impacts relate primarily to surface water as the application area is concrete covered with no soil or rock exposed at the surface. The concrete cover is impermeable and drains by a series of gullies through a Class 1 interceptor to the surface water collection system. Therefore there is no direct route for contaminants to enter the water table beneath the surface cover of concrete.

The surface water management system at the existing facility was designed to ensure that surface water discharges do not cause pollution of the receiving surface water bodies and also to prevent accidental discharges from the site. The system is very effective in achieving these objectives as has been shown by the comprehensive environmental monitoring programme undertaken at the site since June 2000. The monitoring of potential surface water quality impacts is being regulated by the EPA, and there is stringent monitoring and control arrangements in place which will guarantee that site activities do not result in an adverse impact on surface water in the vicinity of the site. 11.5.2 Groundwater

The potential impacts identified during the Operation Phase relate primarily to surface water, as the subject site area is covered in concrete. There are no impacts identified in respect of groundwater. 11.5.3 Summary Conclusion

The proposed development will not result in adverse impacts on surface water or groundwater in the vicinity of the site. The existing mitigation measures in place together with the ongoing compliance monitoring will ensure that there is no contamination of surface or ground water.

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11.6 REMEDIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES The principal mitigations measures proposed are (a) sealed surfaces in the yard area and (b) diversion of run-off through a Class 1 interceptor. These measures will be effective in managing the surface water run-off and no adverse impacts are predicted.

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TMS Environment Ltd, 53 Broomhill Drive, Tallaght, Dublin 24

Tel: +353-1-4626710

Figure 11.1 Surface water management system t m s environment ltd

Chapter 11 FIGURES


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Chapter Twelve HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants WATER INFRASTRUCTURE

16002/LaganCement/EIS Chapter 12 12-1

CHAPTER TWELVE WATER INFRASTRUCTURE 12.1 INTRODUCTION ORS Consulting Engineers have designed the services for the proposed Solid Recovery Fuel (SRF) refinement facility. The services described in the headings below relate to the foul & storm water and water supply to serve the proposed facility. ORS have been involved in numerous projects on the Lagan Cement Ltd. site at Killaskillen, Kinnegad, Co. Westmeath in the past and have a comprehensive knowledge of the existing civil infrastructure which serves the site. The proposed development involves the construction of a 2516m2 industrial unit and dedicated service yard to the south of the Lagan Cement Ltd. site. The unit shall be accessed through the existing internal road network within the Lagan site. The proposed development will not materially alter the current servicing arrangements on site and it is proposed that all new feeds to service the proposed unit will connect to the existing services wherever possible. 12.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY Analysis of the existing services within the Lagan site was carried out to establish the existing facilities for foul water, storm water and water supply. This analysis involved reviewing the previous planning permissions on the site for the projects which have previously been undertaken and establishing the level of services which have been constructed on the site. The proposed development will require minor modification to the existing services on site in order to tie in new feeds to serve the development of the solid fuel refinement facility. Once the levels of existing services on site were established it was possible to assess the impact of the proposed development on the existing civil infrastructure on site. 12.3 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 12.3.1 Existing Foul System

The existing facility is serviced by a package waste water treatment system which is located to the south west of the existing bagging plant. The treatment system serves the foul water needs from the following areas of the Lagan Cement Ltd. site:

1. The administration building. 2. Staff facilities building. 3. The security hut at the weighbridge. 4. The brick and heavy stores building. 5. The control room and laboratory.

The treatment system is a Hydrefficiency HiPAF system which combines a fixed film and suspended biomass reactions. The HiPAF treatment plant is installed entirely below ground and has large gas-strut assisted covers which provide full access to all parts of the unit for de-sludging and routine maintenance. The system incorporates primary settlement, biological treatment and humus settlement chambers in a single structure. Once the foul water on site has passed through the

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Hydrefficiency HiPAF system, the treated water then flows to the terrace sump where it is treated with the storm water run-off from the site. 12.3.2 Existing Surface Water System

Currently there are five means of water management used to control water on the site. A schematic layout of the water management system is detailed in Chapter 11.0, Figure 11.1 ‘Surface Water Management System’ (pp11-8). The five means of water control are as follows:

1. The terrace sump which manages surface water run-off in the plant area. 2. The shale quarry sump which manages groundwater pumped from the shale quarry. 3. The limestone quarry sump which manages groundwater pumped from the limestone

quarry. 4. The balancing pond which receives water from the aforementioned sumps. 5. The settlement lagoons which receives water from the sumps and the balancing pond.

For the purposes of this application, the terrace sump will be the only water management system which shall be affected by the development proposal. The terrace sump is located at the northern end of the raw materials reception and handling compound and has a maximum discharge rate of 200m3/hr which is controlled by means of a float switch. The 35 x 40 x 3m sump is formed at a low level to avoid two-stage pumping and water from here is pumped via two 160mm pipes to an inlet chamber from where it is gravity fed into the balancing pond. Water is pumped on an as required basis using a level controlled submersible pump capable of handling inflows in excess of 700l/sec. The sole function of the terrace sump is to pump storm water from the surface water drains in the main plant yard area and therefore this sump only functions during rainfall. Waters from the balancing pond are gravity fed into the pre-settlement lagoon from where they are fed onto the main settlement lagoon again under gravity. The limestone quarry sump shall remain unaffected by the development proposal, however the function of the limestone quarry sump is discussed below as the final outfall from this sump follows a similar pattern to that of the terrace sump. The limestone quarry sump has a maximum discharge rate of 138m3/hr, which is controlled by means of a float switch. Water is pumped from the limestone quarry sump on an intermittent basis as required. The limestone quarry sump discharge is pumped to the inlet chamber from where it is gravity fed to the balancing pond. From here it is directed to the pre-settlement lagoon and then onto the settlement lagoon. The shale quarry sump shall also remain unaffected by the development proposal. The function of the shale quarry sump is also outlined below as the final outfall from this sump follows a similar pattern to the terrace sump. The shale quarry sump has a maximum discharge rate of 45m3/hr and is controlled by means of a float switch. Water is pumped from the shale quarry into a purpose built drain and then flows by gravity into the pre-settlement lagoon and on into the settlement lagoon. Water may be directed to the balancing pond from the shale quarry sump if flow rates from the balancing pond to the settlement lagoons would exceed those which can permit settlement of suspended solids in the settlement lagoons. The balancing pond and the settlement lagoons are the main features of the surface water management system at the site. The balancing pond receives all water pumped from the terrace sump and the limestone quarry sump and can receive water from the shale quarry sump if and when required. The balancing pond measures 170 x 110 x 4m deep and is designed to accept excess run-off from storm conditions up to a 1 in 20 year return storm. The volume of the balancing pond is approximately 35,000m3 and the top water level is 85.5mAOD and the invert of the

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discharge pipe is at 82.25mAOD. To be able to function at times of high rainfall, it is necessary for the pond water level generally to be low. The discharge from the balancing pond is regulated by a 52mm diameter throttle plate attached to the outflow pipe. Oil traps are installed to intercept any potential on-site spillage of hydrocarbons. The water from the balancing pond flows under gravity to the pre settlement lagoon in a 225mm drainpipe. Water from the balancing pond flows at a rate not exceeding 109m³/hr (for the 20 year storm) and at a mean discharge rate of 75m³/hr (for the same storm). This ensures that excess water during storms can be regulated in discharge to the settlement lagoons whilst these lagoons are still receiving some pumped ground water. The settlement lagoons are located just north of the shale quarry and discharge into the Kinnegad River. The volume of the pre-settlement lagoon and the settlement lagoon is 35,000m3 and 70,000m3 respectively. The settlement lagoons receive water pumped directly from the sumps of the two quarries and from the balancing pond. The maximum permitted discharge rate from the settlement lagoons to the Kinnegad River is 260m³/hr or 6150m³/d (71 l/s). The design residence time in the settlement lagoons is 28 hrs. The final discharge to SW1 is via a pipe from the overflow weir. An oil interceptor is installed to remove oils and hydrocarbons from all inflow. The minimum daily discharge to the Kinnegad River will be solely that from groundwater pumping during periods of drought via 3,520m3/d (after 38 years). The routings of surface water run-off either via the works sumps, balancing pond and settlement lagoons or via the quarry sumps and the settlement lagoons are such that it is most unlikely that significant increases in discharge will arrive at SW1 until 48 hours after a heavy end-of-drought rainfall. After prolonged drought it is likely that the quarry sumps receiving surface water run-off would be low having been used to provide water for dust suppression. Hence, increased discharges into the Kinnegad River, following heavy rainfall, should correspond to a parallel increase in river flow. The maximum controlled rate of discharge of both surface water and pumped groundwater is 6150m³/d. The mean surface water and pumped groundwater flow will be 5,040m3/d (after 38 years). Mean discharges will normally occur during normal periods of rainfall and not during droughts. Flow from the settlement lagoons to the Kinnegad River are continuously monitored and when this exceeds 256m³/hr water from one or both of the quarries, is switched automatically to feed into the balancing pond. For storms beyond the 20 year return period water would be allowed to rise in one or both of the quarries. Therefore, the outlet from the settlement lagoon acts as a hydrobrake, designed to flood at the balancing pond and the settlement lagoons in the event that storm flow and pump rates from the quarries exceed the discharge limit. The main surface water resources in the vicinity of the site are the Kinnegad and Castlejordan Rivers. The Lagan Cement Ltd. site lies entirely within the catchment of the Kinnegad River, which forms the northern boundary of part of the site, just north of the shale quarry. The source of the Kinnegad River is located west of the site and the surface water divide between the catchments of the Kinnegad and Castlejordan Rivers lies to the south of the site. It is not proposed to alter the existing surface water system to accommodate the proposed development. The existing surface water system is adequately sized to easily accommodate the increased surface water generated from the development proposal.

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12.3.3 Water Supply

The existing site is fed by a bored well which serves the administration buildings to the centre of the site. Due to the location of the proposed development to the southern boundary of the Lagan site it is proposed to bore a new well to serve the proposed solid fuel refinement building. The option to bore a separate well to service the proposed development was considered the most economically feasible option due to the extent of excavations and potential disruptions to existing quarry operations required in order to tie into the existing watermain on site. It is envisaged that an underground water storage tank will be provided to connect to the new bored well which will allow for a minimum of 1hour emergency water storage in the event that there is a fire on site. A submersible pump shall be provided within the proposed underground tank to ensure that sufficient pressure is provided on the water main to feed fire hydrants in an emergency situation. Water supply to the proposed development will be via a proposed 100mmø uPVC watermain. The proposed watermain network incorporates two fire hydrants positioned such that no development is more than 46m from same as per BS750. The watermain shall have a minimum cover of 900mm, and shall be overlain with tape containing a tracer wire. Air valves to BS5159 and sluice valves to BS5163 where required shall be installed on site. 12.4 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 12.4.1 Proposed Foul System

The proposed solid fuel refinement facility is to be located to the south of the Lagan Cement Ltd. site. Currently all existing foul water services are located to the centre of the site and serve the buildings as previously outlined in Section 12.3.1. In order to service the proposed development it will be necessary to construct a new foul water line which will fall by gravity into the existing foul water sewer on site. It is proposed that the foul water generated by the offices and canteen in the proposed development shall flow by gravity to manhole F9 located near the Control Room and Laboratory where it shall tie into the existing foul water sewer lines. All head runs within the foul sewer system have been designed in accordance with BS 8301 – Code of Practice for Building Drainage. All pipework has been designed to establish and maintain adequate self-cleansing velocities within the required range of 0.8 m/sec to 3m/sec as per Department of the Environment and Local Government recommendations. The nett increase in foul water loading as a result of the proposed development is outlined in Table 12.1 below. The loadings presented in the table below have been based on the best practice recommendations from Table 3 of the EPA Wastewater Treatment Manual for Small Communities, Business, Leisure Centres and Hotels.

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Table 12.1 – Proposed increase in foul water loading

Source

Persons

Per Person

Per site

Flow BOD NH3 Flow BOD AMMN

L/day G/day G/day L/day G/day G/day

Staff using solid fuel refinement facility (including canteen)

8 60 30

N/A

480

240

N/A

0.48

m3/day 0.24 Kg/day

N/A Kg/day

It can be seen from the table above that the net increase in loading as a result of the proposed development is quite small. The existing Hydrefficiency HiPAF treatment has more than enough capacity to accommodate the increased loading as a result of the proposed development. 12.4.2 Proposed Storm Water System

The proposed development will make minor modifications to the existing storm sewer system. The construction of the solid fuel refinement facility and associated yard will add surface water run-off from the impermeable areas. As this water is uncontaminated, it is appropriate to discharge it to the existing storm water drainage within the Lagan site. This surface water will be conveyed in a storm sewer across the site to the existing storm sewer system and tie into manhole TS17. The proposed impermeable area which will be created as a result of the proposed development is 0.604 Ha. This represents a minimal increase in discharge when compared to the existing discharge on site. The existing surface water infrastructure on site such as the terrace sump, balancing lagoons and settlement ponds are sufficiently sized to comfortably accommodate the surface water runoff from the proposed development. It can be said therefore that he existing storm sewer system has sufficient capacity to cater for the proposed development. 12.4.3 Proposed Water Supply

The proposed development will require a modification to the existing watermain layout. A new watermain will be supplied to serve the solid fuel refinement building. All points of supply shall be ascertained in consultation with the Local Authority prior to commencement of construction. It is envisaged that a 100mmø uPVC Class C watermain shall be used within the development. The watermain will incorporate hydrants compliant with BS750 so that no building is situated greater than 46m from same. The watermain shall have a minimum cover of 900mm and shall be overlain with tape containing a tracer wire. Air valves to BS5159 and sluice valves to BS5163 shall be incorporated at specified locations. Further details shall be provided following consultation with Lagan Cement Ltd. 12.5 REMEDIAL & MITIGATION MEASURES Given the availability and capacity of existing infrastructure, no remedial measures are proposed as part of the development proposal.

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APPENDIX 12.1


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Chapter Thirteen HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants NOISE & VIBRATION


13.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION 13.1 INTRODUCTION This section of the environmental impact statement considers the potential noise and vibration impacts that may arise during both the construction and operational phases of the project. 13.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY Information on the environmental setting of the site was obtained from Ordnance Survey of Ireland Maps, from site visits and from substantial information that has been submitted to accompany Planning and Licence applications to Meath County Council and the EPA respectively for the permitted current site operations. The area in the vicinity of the site is relatively free from any other significant industrial activities other than the existing Lagan facility. 13.3 THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT An integral part of an environmental noise assessment of a proposed development is an understanding of the noise environment that exists in the area potentially affected by the development. It is, therefore, accepted practice to undertake or review background noise measurements at surrounding locations that may be sensitive to noise. These are usually the dwellings that are in the immediate vicinity of the site. 13.3.1 Noise

There are a number of one-off houses located in the vicinity of the site, the nearest of which are located close to the northwest and eastern site boundaries. Other local residences are even further removed from the site. The noise climate has been assessed over the past number of years by noise assessments carried out as a condition of Lagan Cement’s existing Industrial Emissions (IE) Licence (P0487-06). In general, the noise monitoring programme has focused on the noise level experienced at site boundaries and also at the nearest residences to the site. The noise compliance monitoring programme that has been in place at the site since June 2000 has continually demonstrated compliance with the regulatory noise limits at local noise sensitive receptors. There are a number of significant screening banks surrounding sections of the site boundaries which are in close proximity to the closest receptors to the site. These screening banks offer significant noise attenuation from noise generating activities and visually screen the Cement Plant and quarry areas from noise sensitive receptors. Noise monitoring is conducted annually at a number of residences closest to the site as well as at some site boundaries close to specific site activities. The most recent surveys for 2014 and 2015 which were completed in November - December 2014 and July 2015 show that the noise levels are consistently lower than the permitted levels during both day time and night time monitoring events. Monitoring results during a blast at the quarry were also reviewed for each year and these results are

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also well within the levels permitted in the License. These results are a reliable statement of the existing baseline noise climate in the vicinity of the site and demonstrate that the existing activities at the site do not exert significant adverse impact on the noise climate in the vicinity of the site. Condition 4.5 of IE license P0487-06 as granted by the EPA states:

“Noise from the activity shall not give rise to sound pressure levels (LAeq, T) measured at the specified noise sensitive locations which exceed the specified limit value(s)”.

Schedule B.4 of IPPC Licence P0487-05 as granted by the EPA specifies the following noise limit values which must not be exceeded at any Noise Sensitive Receptor,

Daytime: 55dB(A) Night-time: 45dB(A)”

In addition, Condition 6.16 of the license states that:

“there shall be no clearly audible tonal component or impulsive component in the noise emission from the activity at any noise sensitive location. Tonal component shall be identified by one-third octave band analysis as specified in ISO 1996-2 of 1987, where the level of a one-third octave band exceeds the levels of adjacent bands by 5 dB or more"

The results of the noise monitoring surveys for 2014 and 2015 demonstrate that the existing site activities do not exceed the permissible levels and hence demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the existing IE Licence (P0487-06). The extensive noise monitoring that has been carried out at the Lagan Cement Ltd. site in Kinnegad since 2002 also demonstrates that operations at the cement plant are not having a negative impact on the noise climate in the vicinity of the site and the Licensee is complying with the terms and conditions as set out in its IE license. The existing noise levels at the site reflect the current production rate and there is no change in production proposed. The current noise levels experienced at the site are therefore not predicted to change.

13.3.2 Vibration

There is an ongoing blast monitoring programme in place at the site since Planning Permission was granted for the quarry in 2002. Condition 4.6 of the IPPC Licence specifies that;

“Vibration levels measured at the nearest noise sensitive location shall not exceed the specified limit value. 95% of all air overpressure levels measured at the nearest noise sensitive locations shall conform to the specified limit value. No individual air over-pressure value shall exceed the limit value by more than 5dB(lin).”

Schedules B.6 and B.7 of the licence requires that blasting operations at the site shall not give rise to vibration levels, at noise sensitive locations, which exceed 8 mm/second and blasting operations at the site shall not give rise to air overpressure levels, at noise sensitive locations, which exceed 120 dB(lin) max peak. These licence limits are significantly lower than the levels of 12mm/sec ppv and 125dB(Lin), respectively, recommended by the EPA in their Guidance on “Environmental Management in the Extractive Industry”. The most recent blast data for site covering 2014 and 2015 was reviewed in the annual reports for the site and the levels were very substantially lower than the permissible levels in the Licence. Blast measurements are carried out at the nearest receptor locations to the blast.

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13.4 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 13.4.1 Construction Impacts The Construction Programme will be quite limited because the area where the project is located requires very little excavation to prepare for construction and most of the building components will be pre-fabricated in either steel or concrete and delivered to the site for assembly. As a result, noise generation will be very limited for the Construction Phase and will not significantly alter the existing ambient noise environment in the vicinity of the site. Construction works will not take place at night time or on Sundays or Bank Holidays.

13.4.2 Operational Impacts

As the cement plant and quarrying activity will not be altered in any way as a result of the proposed development, it is therefore clear that there will be no increase in noise levels at local noise sensitive receptors from these activities. SRF is already being delivered to the site for use in the cement kiln and the change with the proposed development is to a new building rather than introducing a new activity. The new SRF reception and refinement building will be constructed from pre-fabricated panels and will be fully enclosed. The only plant and machinery required will be inspection, sorting and testing equipment and possibly a Dryer to dry the incoming material if needed to desired specification. Incoming SRF will be delivered and unloaded into bunded storage indoors and all plant and machinery will be located indoors. The most significant item of plant and machinery to be located in the new building is a Dryer which will not be audible above background levels outside the building. Noise levels will not exceed 50dB(A) outside the façade of the building which will ensure that noise levels are well within permissible levels at the site boundary and also at the residents in the vicinity of the facility. The processed fuel will be transported by a fully enclosed conveyor to the cement kiln for use as fuel, and noise associated with material conveyance will therefore be contained. The nearest neighbours are located approximately 950m SE of the proposed site. Attenuation of noise due to distance will lead to a reduction in noise of approximately 30dB(A) over this distance which means that the activity will not be audible at the nearest residence. 13.4.3 Traffic Noise

There is no increase proposed in the overall production rate at the facility or in the intake of fuels. There will be no change in traffic movements at the site as a result of this proposal. Traffic movements from the plant departing the Lagan facility will turn left at the exit towards Kinnegad and the M4, thereby resulting in no increases in noise levels at sensitive areas in the direction of Killaskillen Crossroads. The licence compliance monitoring has indicated that the facility is operating well within its noise limits, and site related traffic noise is not audible at the local sensitive areas.

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13.4.4 Cumulative Impact of Noise Sources

The existing facility is licenced by the EPA under the EPA Act 1992 and from the noise measurement results it is evident that the existing site operations comply with the IE Licence noise limits of 55 dB(A)LAeq,30 minutes during the daytime and 45 dB(A)LAeq,15 mins during the night time periods. The minimal noise impact at local residences can be explained as a result of the extended distances between the active plant and local receptors while the presence of the screening mounds contribute to attenuation of noise levels generated by site activities. Annual noise and vibration monitoring data collected over the past number of years have demonstrated that the facility is complying with the conditions of the IE Licence, and it is predicted that there will be no increase in noise levels at local residences. With continued good noise management practices the site will not result in unacceptable noise levels or result in nuisance beyond site boundaries or at local noise sensitive receptors.

13.4.5 Vibration

There will be no change to the vibration levels experienced at the site as a result of this proposal. The permitted vibration and air overpressure limits at sensitive receptors is 8mm/sec (peak particle velocity, PPV) for a blast and 120 dB(Lin) for the air overpressure component as defined in the IPPC Licence Conditions. The historical monitoring data available for the blasts carried out at the site show that the site is compliant with the prescribed limits in respect of vibration and air overpressure limits at sensitive receptors in the vicinity of the development. Furthermore, the presence of the screening bank along the boundary of the quarry further reduces the effects of air over pressure on the houses situated in the vicinity of the quarry site boundary. There will be no change to the existing vibration emission levels from the site due to the project development and therefore there will be no adverse impact.

13.4.6 Impact Summary

There are no adverse impacts predicted at any of the sensitive receptors in the vicinity of the site as a result of the proposed development.


The noise monitoring programme will be continued to ensure compliance with the IE licence limits at the boundary locations and at the noise sensitive locations. Existing noise mitigation measures in place at the site which includes screening banks, screen & enclosures and optimum location of plant shows that the facility and all site activities and work practices have been designed and are managed to minimise the noise impact at receptors beyond site boundaries. The presence of the screening bank constructed along the quarry boundary provides significant attenuation of the concussion component of air overpressure on the houses situated in the vicinity of the quarry boundary. No new mitigations measures are required or proposed for this current development.

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Chapter Fourteen HRA | Planning chartered town planning & environmental consultants AIR QUALITY & CLIMATE


14.0 AIR QUALITY & CLIMATE 14.1 INTRODUCTION This section of the environmental impact statement considers the potential impacts on ambient air quality that may arise during both the construction and operational phases of the project. This assessment notes that the existing cement plant and the associated quarries have been operating successfully since 2002, using a variety of fossil fuels and alternative fuels to fuel the kiln under the terms of existing planning permissions. These fuels include liquid recovered fuel (LRF), low carbon fuels (LCF), biomass, solid recovered fuel (SRF), and chipped tyres. These activities and use of alternative fuels have been subject previously to Environmental Impact Assessment and pursuant to existing planning permission and licence consents, extensive monitoring programmes have been conducted during normal operations in relation to air quality and emissions. The existing IE Licence (P0487-06) for the Cement Plant requires an extensive programme of environmental monitoring to demonstrate ongoing compliance with Licence conditions. To date, all studies have demonstrated that there are no adverse air quality impacts associated with the existing operation of the cement plant. 14.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY The assessment approach involves the identification and characterisation of the air quality impacts that must be addressed, characterisation of the receiving environment to benchmark the existing situation, prediction of air quality impacts and assessment of the impacts against recognised Air Quality Standards and Guidelines. 14.3 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 14.3.1 Existing Activities – quarries and cement plant and asphalt plant The main potential impacts on air quality associated with the existing activities at the site relate to emissions of dust, fine particulate matter (PM10) and combustion gases such as sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) primarily from the cement plant but also from the asphalt plant located at the facility. A mobile primary crushing plant is located on the quarry floor at the active face of the limestone quarry and crushed material from this location is transported to the production plant via a closed conveyor system which significantly reduces the number of internal site vehicle movements required to transport raw materials and as a result minimises the levels of fugitive dust that may be generated by internal vehicle movements on unpaved internal haul roads. The existing facility is fuelled using coal, petcoke or fuel oil, MBM and a range of alternative fuels including Liquid Recovered Fuel (LRF), Low Carbon Fuel (LCF) and Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF). The potential emissions from this activity include combustion gases, PM10, Dust,

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CO and CO2. The use of MBM as an alternative fuel also results in trace amounts of other substances being present in the emissions – these include metals, hydrogen chloride, dioxins and furans. Emissions from traffic include pollutants such as sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and traces of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In addition, the HGVs will contribute to PM10 emissions from the diesel engines. Sulphur dioxide emissions originate from the sulphur in the fuels used in the combustion process. Coal, petcoke, heavy fuel oil and MBM contain sulphur in the concentration range 0.5 to 3% and this may be released in the emissions. A significant portion (70-95%) of the sulphur dioxide generated in the combustion process is absorbed by chemical reaction in the alkaline clinker so the actual emission rate of sulphur dioxide is substantially lower than it would be from a combustion source where no absorption takes place. Nitrogen oxides are present in the emission stream as a result of the combustion process, with contributions from both the materials burned and also the combustion technology. Much of the emissions will be in the form of nitric oxide (NO) which is expected to be substantially oxidised to nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere. Particulate matter may arise in the emission stream from the combustion process; in view of the existing abatement measures, this is likely to be present in the form of PM10, i.e. particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10µm.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is emitted as a result of incomplete combustion, and carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the main products of combustion together with water vapour. Carbon dioxide, CO2 is generated as a result of combustion of fuels in the kiln and the calcination of limestone in the raw materials. Lagan Cement Ltd continues to reduce its emissions of carbon dioxide by partial substitution of coal with renewable carbon neutral fuels and lower carbon intensity fossil derived fuels and also with the use of alternative raw materials. Vehicles also give rise to carbon dioxide emissions associated with quarry plant and equipment and from road transport of finished product from the site and also the importation of raw materials and fuels to the site. Carbon dioxide emissions at Lagan Cement are regulated by the EPA under the terms of Lagan’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Permit (IE-GHG062-02). The discharges are regulated under the terms of EC Directive 2000/76/EC, which limits the concentrations of various substances which may be released from the activity. The Emission Limit Values which have already been applied to the facility are listed in the IE Licence for this site (P0487-06). The complete list of substances regulated includes the following:

Sulphur dioxide (SO2);

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2);

Total dust;

Carbon monoxide (CO);

Total Organic Carbon (TOC);

Hydrogen Chloride (HCl);

Hydrogen fluoride (HF);

Dioxins and furans;

Metals and their compounds, including Cd, Tl, Hg, Sb, As, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, V.

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An asphalt plant owned and operated by a sister company, Lagan Asphalt Ltd, on an adjoining site is also expected to contribute to ambient air quality in the area. The main emissions from this facility include particulate matter and some minor amounts of combustion gases (CO, CO2, NOx and SO2). 14.3.2 Existing Ambient air quality

The existing ambient air quality in the vicinity of the Lagan Cement site is broadly representative of a rural environment. There are no major population centres in the immediate vicinity of the site and the only significant commercial or industrial activity is the existing industrial activity at the site and the surrounding agricultural activity. The nearest population centre, Kinnegad village, is located approximately 4km north east of the site. The nearest industrial facility to the site is the Edenderry Power Limited Power Generation Plant located approximately 12km south east of the site in Ballykilleen, Edenderry, County Offaly (IE Licence Register No. PO482-03). The M4 Kinnegad-Enfield-Kilcock Motorway runs past the site approximately 2km to the north. Lagan Asphalt Ltd operate an asphalt plant for the production of road surfacing materials on a site adjacent to the facility but separate from it, and some emissions to atmosphere from this source will also influence ambient air quality in the area. The dominant influences on local air quality include domestic heating sources, traffic, agricultural activities, the nearby asphalt plant and the existing quarries and cement plant at the site. The power generation plant mentioned above is located approximately 11-12km away and is considered too far away to exert a significant influence on the local air quality. The main substances which are of interest in terms of existing air quality are sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, PM10 and dust which could originate from combustion sources, traffic and the current quarry activity and cement production operation. There are no other significant influences on ambient air quality in the vicinity of the site. The emissions from agricultural activities will include methane from ruminants and ammonia. Neither of these substances are significant potential releases from the existing activity.

The existing ambient air quality in the vicinity of the site has been characterised with information obtained from the monitoring programme which is undertaken at the site as required by the Industrial Emissions Licence for the existing activity. Ambient air quality monitoring for dust deposition, PM10, PM2.5 and metals is undertaken at regular intervals. The available measurement results are considerably lower in all cases than the Licence Limit Values. Air quality is therefore not being significantly affected by the existing activities at the site.

The emissions to atmosphere from all sources at the facility are regulated under the terms of Industrial Emissions (IE) Licence Reg No. P0487-06. The regulatory limits are designed to ensure that no adverse impact arises from the operation of the plant. Lagan Cement has been fully compliant with these limits during 2014 – 2015 for which period data was reviewed for this application. The extensive monitoring programme in the vicinity of the site proves that this is in fact the case. All the data shows that the impact of the existing activity and associated works is very significantly lower than accepted levels of impact.

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14.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT The proposed new building will receive incoming materials in an enclosed reception hall. The building will be fully enclosed and there will be no new emission points or emissions associated with the new development. This is the same as the existing permitted SRF storage facility on site which is fully enclosed and has no emission points to atmosphere. There will be no odours associated with the activity given that SRF is generated predominantly from commercial and industrial sources. 14.5 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 14.5.1 Construction

The potential air quality impacts during Construction are summarised as follows: a) Dust emissions associated with excavations and site clearance works

The most significant of the potential air quality impacts associated with the construction site is dust. Dust can be generated as a result of disturbance of materials, as a result of wind blowing across exposed surfaces and as a result of construction vehicle movements across exposed surfaces. There are three potential impacts on air quality of the dust / particulate matter emissions. Dust deposition on surfaces is the main potential impact associated with the larger particles, nuisance effects such as reduced visibility could be associated with excessively high levels of suspended particulate matter and respiratory effects could occur as a result of excessive levels of fine particles such as PM10 and PM2.5. Dust emissions associated with the Construction Phase of the proposed development are expected to be predominantly in the 10–75μm particle size range so these particles, because of their size, will generally be deposited within 100m of the emission source. Only under exceptional meteorological conditions would the dusts be carried further downwind. The majority of the dust associated with construction activity is in the 10–75μm particle size range. Suspended particulate matter (SPM) may also be released and this matter may remain suspended in the air. The main effect would be on visibility but this type of material could also be a respiratory nuisance if present at excessive levels. Emissions of dust in the form of fine particulate matter, PM10 and PM2.5, may also occur, primarily as a result of materials handling and storage since the dominant particle size of the main construction materials is in the lower size ranges. There may also be some emissions of particles in these size ranges from the general site activities.

b) Construction transport emissions

Emissions of dust raised by vehicle movement on the roads near the site and also on site are considered under the general construction phase emissions in section (a) above. Emissions from the construction vehicles as a result of fuel combustion are considered here. The emissions include PM10 and PM2.5, NO2 and NOx and CO and benzene.

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The Construction Programme will be quite limited because the area in which the proposed project is located requires very little excavation to prepare for construction and most of the building components will be pre-fabricated in either steel or concrete and delivered to the site for assembly. As a result emissions to atmosphere will be very limited for the construction phase, will be minor relative to the existing emissions from the site and will not alter the existing ambient air quality in the vicinity of the site. 14.5.2 Operation Phase

It is significant that there are no new fuels proposed and there will be no change in emissions from the existing licensed facility. There will be no new emission sources from the proposed fuel refinement activity and therefore there will be no change in the emissions relative to the existing facility which is fully compliant with all Emission Limit Values specified in the Industrial Emissions Licence for the facility. There will be no change relative to the existing activity in the impact on air quality as a result of the proposed development. There will be no change in the quantum of greenhouse gas emissions since there is no change proposed in the amount of alternative fuels to be processed. 14.5.3 Traffic

There will be no overall change to the existing traffic movements per day at the site. The impact of emissions to atmosphere from vehicle movements is therefore unchanged and will not result in any change to air quality in the vicinity of the site. Traffic and hence, traffic-related emissions to atmosphere will remain the same, so this influence on local air quality and climate will also remain the same as the current situation. The traffic contribution to greenhouse gas emissions at the site is not measurable and this will remain the same. As the existing situation. 14.5.4 Impact Summary

A comprehensive evaluation of the potential impacts on air quality as a result of emissions from the proposed activity has been completed. The combined impacts of emissions from existing activities at the site were also considered in the assessment. The results of this study demonstrate that there will be no change in the emission from the facility as a result of the proposed development and there will be no adverse impacts on ambient air quality in the vicinity of the facility, on local residences or on local agriculture as a result of emissions from either the existing or the proposed activities at the site. 14.5.5 ‘Do nothing’ scenario

Lagan Cement Ltd have permission to use a range of alternative fuels to fuel the cement plant as referred to in this section and described in detail in introductory chapters of the EIS. If the proposed project was not to proceed, then emissions to atmosphere would still remain as they are at present.

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While the construction programme for the proposed development is very limited, a dust management plan will be implemented during this Phase to ensure that this activity does not adversely affect the existing excellent air quality in the vicinity of the site. The principal mitigation proposed is complete enclosure of the proposed SRF reception and process building. The existing SRF storage facility at the site is also fully enclosed and this ensures that there is no potential for emission to atmosphere. In order to demonstrate that the existing and proposed mitigation measures are effective, it is recommended that the monitoring programme currently in place will continue. The existing activities at the site are regulated under the terms of a Licence granted by the EPA. Emissions from the facility are strictly regulated by way of Emission Limit Values, ongoing monitoring and control.

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Chapter Fifteen HRA | Planning town planning & environmental consultants TRAFFIC & TRANSPORT

16002/Lagan Cement /EIS Chapter 15 15-1

CHAPTER FIFTEEN TRAFFIC & TRANSPORT 15.1 INTRODUCTION This section presents the method and results of a Traffic and Transport Assessment of the likely impact of the project on the existing Lagan Cement facility and surrounding road network. 15.2 STUDY METHODOLOGY The report adopts the guidance for such assessments set out by Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII) in the document “Guidelines for Traffic and Transport Assessments”. The key elements of the study are:

A review of the existing and future transport infrastructure in the vicinity of the development, including an assessment of existing and future traffic flows (Section 15.2 - Receiving Environment),

A description of the nature of the existing and proposed development and the traffic volumes that it will generate during construction and when in operation (Section 15.3 – Existing and Proposed Development),

A review of the impact of the development on the surrounding network (Section 15.4 – Impact of the proposed development on the surrounding road network),

A review of conditions for sustainable modes of travel (Section 15.5 – Provision for sustainable modes of travel).

The conclusions of the assessment are summarised in the concluding Chapter 15.6. 15.3 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 15.3.1 Location and Network Summary

The existing Lagan Cement site is located on the north side of the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road just under 1 km south west of the M6 / R148 intersection in Kinnegad, within which the subject development will be located. The site is accessed via a simple priority type junction, as shown in Figure 15.1. Being located in close proximity to the M6 / M4 the site is well situated for access to / from the entire national road network. Access onto the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road is gained via the exit roundabout off the M6 at the intersection with the R148. At this point the L8021 is a standard Type 2 single carriageway with lane widths of approximately 3.5 metres, while the standard of the road reduces to a Type 3 single carriageway travelling towards the site with lane widths varying between 5.5 and 6 metres with no hard shoulders. There are yellow edge of carriageway markings on most of the L8021 between the M6 and the site, and there is a solid white centre line indicating that no overtaking is permitted adjacent to the site access junction. The route is illustrated in Plates 15.1 to 15.5. The junction providing access to the site takes the form of a simple priority type junction with the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road forming the major arm. The junction has generous geometry and radii to provide for all vehicle types accessing and exiting the site and was observed to have adequate

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sight visibility during a site visit undertaken on Wednesday 30th of March, 2016. It was noted that while the surface is regularly washed by Lagan Cement, there are no junction road markings or signage at the junction. It is recommended that STOP signs and markings are introduced at the junction in accordance with the Traffic Signs Manual 2010. The junction is illustrated in Plates 15.6 to 15.8. A speed limit of 80 kph limit applies.

Figure 15.1 Site (access) location Source – Google maps

L8021 / Lagan Cement access

L8021

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Plate 15.1 Left slip off M6

Plate 15.2 Exit from M6 roundabout onto L8021 Ballinabrackey Road

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Plate 15.3 L8021 Ballinabrackey Road just south of M6

Plate 15.4 L8021 Ballinabrackey Road

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Plate 15.5 L8021 Ballinabrackey Road

Plate 15.6 Looking left (east) along L8021 Ballinabrackey Road from Lagan Cement access

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Plate 15.7 Looking right (west) along L8021 Ballinabrackey Road from Lagan Cement access

Plate 15.8 Lagan Cement access taken from L8021 Ballinabrackey Road

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15.3.2 Existing Traffic Flows

Classified turning counts were undertaken by Abacus Transportation Surveys Ltd at the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road / Lagan Cement access junction during the AM and PM peak hours, on a typical weekday (Tuesday 5th April, 2016). While a full listing of the traffic counts is included as Appendix 15.1, the observed April 2016 weekday peak hour flows, expressed separately in terms of cars/ lgvs, HGVs and passenger car equivalent units (or pcus) are show in Figures 15.2 to 15.4. The AM and PM peak hours were established to be 07:00 to 08:00 and 16:30 to 17:30 respectively, and were therefore adopted as the time periods for the junction capacity assessment set out in Section 15.4.4. A review of a continuous Automatic Traffic Count (ATC’s) sites maintained by Infrastructure Ireland (or TII), would suggest that a count located on the M6 between junctions 2 (Kinnegad west) and 2 (Rochfortbridge) is the most appropriate available source of continuous seasonal traffic count data for the subject site. The data shows that the month of August was recorded to be the busiest with traffic flows observed to be 12% higher than the survey month of April. The observed traffic flows were therefore adjusted by +12% to represent the busiest month, with these traffic flows shown in Figures 15.5 to 15.7 and summarised in Tables 15.1 and 15.2. The TII data for the M6 automatic traffic count site is included as Appendix 15.2. Points to note from the counts are:

An AM peak hour 2-way flow of 86 cars/lgvs and 37 HGV’s (175 PCU’s) was observed on the Lagan Cement access road. Movements in and out of the site were less during the PM peak hour with 68 cars/lgvs 17 HGVs (109 PCUs).

With almost all of the Lagan Cement traffic travelling to/from the east, the eastern arm of the L8021 carries more traffic, with a maximum flow of 236 PCUs with 30% comprising HGVs.

Link Year 2016

cars /lgvs HGVs All vehs PCUs % HGVs

L8021 west 69 4 73 79 5%

Lagan Cement access 86 37 123 175 30%

L8021 east 138 41 179 236 23% Table 15.1 Seasonally adjusted link flows, existing development, year 2016, AM peak hour

Link Year 2016

cars /lgvs HGVs All vehs PCUs % HGVs

L8021 west 99 10 109 123 9%

Lagan Cement access 68 17 85 109 20%

L8021 east 156 25 181 216 14% Table 15.2 Seasonally adjusted link flows, existing development, year 2016, PM peak hour

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15.3.3 Future Environment

For the purpose of undertaking network capacity tests TII guidelines1 suggest that the impact of a proposed development should be tested for traffic conditions in the proposed opening year, assumed in this case to be 2018, and also 15 years after the development has been in operation. Proposed opening year 2018 and future year 2033 background traffic volumes at the L8021 – Lagan Cement access junction were therefore derived by applying growth factors to 2016 seasonally adjusted traffic flows. In 2011 the National Roads Authority (NRA) published traffic growth indices as presented in the Project Appraisal Guidelines (PAG), Unit 5.5: Link-Based Traffic Growth. The NRA/TII growth rates are presented in PAG 5.5 in the form of annual growth rates for the various regions in Ireland, for growth scenarios low, medium and high. The growth indices applicable to County Meath were extracted and shown in Table 15.3, together with cumulative growth indices derived from the annual factors. Growth factors for the opening and future years are shown in Table 15.4, with a 2% increase in traffic volumes forecast between the years 2016 and 2018, and a 19% increase up to the year 2033. These future year forecasts were used in order to test the capacity of the proposed development access junction, discussed in Section 15.4.4. The background traffic forecasts for the opening year 2018 and design year 2033 are shown in Figures 15.8 to 15.13 and are summarised in Tables 15.5 and 15.6.

Year Lights - Annual factor Lights - Cumulative index

low Medium High low Medium High

2009 1.09 1.011 1.02 109.0 101.1 102.0

2010 1.09 1.011 1.02 118.8 102.2 104.0

2011 1.09 1.011 1.02 129.5 103.3 106.1

2012 1.09 1.011 1.02 141.2 104.5 108.2

2013 1.09 1.011 1.02 153.9 105.6 110.4

2014 1.09 1.011 1.02 167.7 106.8 112.6

2015 1.09 1.011 1.02 182.8 108.0 114.9

2016 1.09 1.011 1.02 199.3 109.1 117.2

2017 1.09 1.011 1.02 217.2 110.3 119.5

2018 1.09 1.011 1.02 236.7 111.6 121.9

2019 1.09 1.011 1.02 258.0 112.8 124.3

2020 1.09 1.011 1.02 281.3 114.0 126.8

2021 1.09 1.011 1.02 306.6 115.3 129.4

2022 1.09 1.011 1.02 334.2 116.6 131.9

2023 1.09 1.011 1.02 364.2 117.8 134.6

2024 1.09 1.011 1.02 397.0 119.1 137.3

2025 1.09 1.011 1.02 432.8 120.4 140.0

1 Traffic and Transport Assessment Guidelines, May 2014

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2026 1.008 1.009 1.015 436.2 121.5 142.1

2027 1.008 1.009 1.015 439.7 122.6 144.3

2028 1.008 1.009 1.015 443.2 123.7 146.4

2029 1.008 1.009 1.015 446.8 124.8 148.6

2030 1.008 1.009 1.015 450.4 126.0 150.8

2031 1.008 1.009 1.015 454.0 127.1 153.1

2032 1.008 1.009 1.015 457.6 128.2 155.4

2033 1.008 1.009 1.015 461.2 129.4 157.7 Table 15.3 TII traffic growth indices (eastern region) Source: TII Project Appraisal Guidelines - Unit 5.5

Link Year 2016 Year 2018 Year 2033

cars /lgvs HGVs PCUs



L8021 west 69 4 79 70 4 80 82 5 94

Lagan Cement access 86 37 175 88 38 178 102 44 208

L8021 east 138 41 236 141 42 241 164 49 281 Table 15.5 Link flows, existing development, by year, AM peak hour

Link Year 2016 Year 2018 Year 2033




L8021 west 99 10 123 101 10 125 118 12 146

Lagan Cement access 68 17 109 69 17 111 81 20 129

L8021 east 156 25 216 159 26 220 186 30 257 Table 15.6 Link flows, existing development, by year, PM peak hour 15.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 15.4.1 Existing and Proposed Development and Trip Generation

It is pertinent to note for the purpose of this assessment that the Lagan Cement facility in which the project is located has planning permission to process 105,000 tonnes of alternative fuels per annum and the operational traffic associated with that use, though approximately 85,000 tonnes are processed at present. During the operational stage, the proposed Solid Recovered Fuel Refinement Facility will not result in an increase in the existing tonnage processed on the site, but will undertake an additional level of processing of materials that will already be on site. The proposed facility will however result in an increase in traffic during both the construction stage and the operational stage as follows; Construction stage

It is estimate that there will be 12 HGV trips into and out of the site per day during the 8 month construction period. For a worst case scenario it was assumed that 2 HGV trips will access and exit the site in both the AM and PM peak hours. For capacity assessment purposes it was also

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assumed that 10 car trips, generated by staff, architects and other functions associated with the construction, will arrive at the site during the AM peak hour, and leave during the PM peak hour. Operational stage

It is likely that a small percentage (approximately 0.1% of the 70,000 tonnes of Solid Recovered Fuel material (the remaining 15,000 will comprise of bonemeal and liquids) will be delivered from the site as reject material to an alternative site. This would result in 70 tonnes of material, or 5 additional HGV movements per annum travelling in and out of the site. As an absolute worst case scenario for the purpose of the capacity assessment it was assumed that this reject material will be stored on site and all extracted in one day, with 2 additional HGV trips assumed to access and exit the site in one day. It was also estimated that the additional 25 staff that will be employed on site will all arrive individually by car during the AM peak hour and leave in the PM peak hour. 15.3.2 Traffic Assignment

The direction of travel for cars/lgvs and HGVs accessing the site, as observed in the traffic count surveys, is shown in Table 15.7 and 15.8 for the AM and PM peak hours respectively.. As would be expected, almost all traffic generated by the site travel to/from the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road east and the M6. All additional traffic movements estimated to be generated by the development was therefore assumed also to travel to and from the east. The additional peak hour traffic movements forecasts through the access junction during the construction period are shown separately for cars / lgvs, HGVs and PCU’s in Figure 15.14 to 15.16, with the same information for the operational period shown in Figures 15.17 to 15.19. The impact of the additional traffic during these periods is discussed in Section 5.4.

Direction cars /lgvs HGVs

west east total west east total

From 11% 89% 100% 0% 100% 100%

To 0% 100% 100% 0% 100% 100% Table 15.7 Direction of travel for existing traffic generated by development, observed 2016, AM peak hour

Direction cars /lgvs HGVs

west east total west east total

From 25% 75% 100% 0% 100% 100%

To 6% 94% 100% 9% 91% 100% Table 15.8 Direction of travel for existing traffic generated by development, observed 2016, PM peak hour

15.4.3 Internal layout

An autotrack assessment showing that the proposed site layout will accommodate the maximum legal standard articulated HGV accessing and manoeuvring around the site is included as Appendix 15.3.

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15.5 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 15.5.1 Impact on Link Flows

The impact that the proposed development is forecast to have on link flows on the L8021 and the Lagan Cement access road are shown for the following scenarios in Tables 15.9 to 15.15. During construction

The figures in Tables 15.9 and 15.10 show that the additional 20 PCU’s generated during both peak hours in 2018 during the 8 month construction period will result in a maximum of 18% increase in traffic on the access road and 9% increase on the L8021 to the east of the junction. Operational stage

Similarly for the operational stage the figures in Tables 15.11 to 15.14 indicate that the additional 35 PCU’s generated during both peak hours will result in a maximum 32% increase in traffic on the Lagan Cement access road and 16% increase on the L8021 heading in the direction of the M6.

From the automatic traffic count data set out in Appendix 15.2 it may be derived that the all-day traffic flow is approximately 14.5 times the flow observed in the AM peak hour. If this is applied to the maximum flow that is forecast to be on the study network up to the year 2033 (2-way flow of 316 PCUs on the L8021 in the year 2033 with the proposed development in place) a maximum daily flow of 4,580 PCU’s is forecast. This is within an accepted capacity of 5,000 PCUs for the Type 3 single carriageway, as set out in the TII document Road Link Design DN-GEO-03031.

Link Existing Construction Total % increase





L8021 west 70 4 80 0 0 0 70 4 80 0% 0% 0%

Lagan Cement access 88 38 178 10 4 20 98 42 198 11% 11% 11%

L8021 east 141 42 241 10 4 20 151 46 261 7% 10% 8% Table 15.9 Link flows, existing development, construction traffic, year 2018, AM peak hour

Link Existing Construction Total % increase





L8021 west 101 10 125 0 0 0 101 10 125 0% 0% 0%


L8021 east 159 26 220 10 4 20 169 30 240 6% 16% 9% Table 15.10 Link flows, existing development, construction traffic, year 2018, PM peak hour

Link Existing Development Total % increase





L8021 west 70 4 80 0 0 0 70 4 80 0% 0% 0%


L8021 east 141 42 241 25 4 35 166 46 276 18% 10% 15% Table 15.11 Link flows, existing development, development traffic, year 2018, AM peak hour

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L8021 west 101 10 125 0 0 0 101 10 125 0% 0% 0%


L8021 east 159 26 220 25 4 35 184 30 255 16% 16% 16% Table 15.12 Link flows, existing development, development traffic, year 2018, PM peak hour






L8021 west 82 5 94 0 0 0 82 5 94 0% 0% 0%


L8021 east 164 49 281 25 4 35 189 53 316 15% 8% 12% Table 15.13 Link flows, existing development, development traffic, year 2033, AM peak hour






L8021 west 118 12 146 0 0 0 118 12 146 0% 0% 0%


L8021 east 186 30 257 25 4 35 211 34 292 13% 13% 14% Table 15.14 Link flows, existing development, development traffic, year 2033, PM peak hour

15.5.2 Impact on L8021 Access Junction

The impact of the additional traffic that is forecast to be generated during the construction and operational stages of the proposed development was assessed at the site access junction on the L8021. The capacity assessment was undertaken using the junction analysis programme PICADY5 which enables the capacity of a junction to be assessed with respect to existing or forecasts traffic movements and volumes for a given time period. The capacity for each movement possible at the junction being assessed is determined from geometric data input into the program, with the output used in the assessment as follows:

Queue – Expressed in PCUs (passenger car units), this is the mean maximum queue forecast for each movement and is useful to ensure that queues will not interfere with adjacent junctions.

Ratio of flow to capacity (RFC) – As suggested, this offers a measure of the amount of available capacity being utilised for each movement. Ideally each movement should operate at a level of no greater than 0.85, or at 85% of capacity.

Delay – Output in minutes, this gives an indication of the forecast average delay during the time period modelled for each movement.

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15.5.3 Scenarios modelled

The scenarios modelled for the existing access junction are as follows:

Year 2018 AM and PM peak hours, for the existing, with development construction traffic, and with operational traffic flows,

Year 2033 AM and PM peak hours, for the existing and with operational traffic flows,

15.5.4 Capacity test results

The capacity test results for the access junction are set out in Tables 15.15 and 15.16 for the AM peak hours respectively with the main points to note as follows:

During the AM peak hour the maximum ratio of flow to capacity (RFC) that is reached by the year 2033 is 22.9% for the existing level of development on the site, increasing to 28.4% with the introduction of the proposed facility.

Similarly, in the PM peak hour by the year 2033 the maximum RFC is forecast to increase from 16.4% to 21.3% with the introduction of the facility.

It is noted that in 2018 the impact during the construction stage is marginally less than the impact when operational.

With an RFC of up to 85% considered an acceptable level of operation, it is clear that the junction will operate with considerable spare capacity for all scenarios tested, up until and beyond the year 2033.

Year Arm Existing

development With construction

traffic With development

operational

RFC Q Delay RFC Q Delay RFC Q Delay

2018 Right out of development 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Left out of development 9.5 0.1 0.09 10.5 0.12 0.09 10.5 0.12 0.09

Right into development 19.6 0.25 0.12 22.3 0.29 0.13 25.1 0.34 0.13

2033 Right out of development 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0

Left out of development 11 0.12 0.09 NA NA NA 11.8 0.13 0.09

Right into development 22.9 0.3 0.13 NA NA NA 28.4 0.41 0.14 Table 15.15 Junction capacity test results - development access junction on the L8021, by year and scenario, AM peak hour

Year Arm Existing

development With construction

traffic With development

operational

RFC Q Delay RFC Q Delay RFC Q Delay

2018 Right out of development 1.5 0.02 0.14 1.5 0.02 0.14 1.5 0.02 0.14

Left out of development 14 0.16 0.1 16.5 0.2 0.11 18.9 0.23 0.11

Right into development 3.8 0.05 0.1 4.8 0.06 0.11 4.8 0.06 0.11

2033 Right out of development 1.8 0.02 0.14 NA NA NA 1.8 0.02 0.14

Left out of development 16.4 0.2 0.11 NA NA NA 21.3 0.27 0.11

Right into development 4.4 0.06 0.1 NA NA NA 5.5 0.07 0.11 Table 15.16 Junction capacity test results - development access junction on the L8021, by year and scenario, PM peak hour

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:10



The PICADY output file for the worst case scenario (year 2033, AM peak during the operational stage) is included as Appendix 15.4. 15.6 PROVISION FOR SUSTAINABLE MODES OF TRAVEL 15.6.1 Walking and Cycling

The development is located outside of the main urban area and therefore not ideally suited to walking and cycle trips. Both modes of transport would be feasible for any employees living in within close proximity of the site. 15.6.2 Buses

There are currently no bus services that operate on this section of the L8021 and is therefore not a feasible mode of transport to the site. 15.7 CONCLUSION

It is concluded from this assessment that the increase in activity on the Lagan Cement site resulting from the construction and operation of the proposed Solid Recovered Fuel Refinement Facility will be adequately accommodated by the existing access junction on the L8021 Ballinabrackey Road, with a slight impact on the surrounding road network, during both the 8 month construction period and when operational.

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:10

ABACUS TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS ABACUS TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS

LAGAN CEMENT KINNEGAD TRAFFIC COUNT APRIL 2016

MANUAL CLASSIFIED JUNCTION TURNING COUNT ATH/16/022

SITE: 01 DATE: 5th April 2016

LOCATION: L8021 Ballinabrackey Road/Lagan Cement Works DAY: Tuesday

MOVEMENT 1 MOVEMENT 2 MOVEMENT 3 MOVEMENT 4

TIME CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT

7:00 0 0 1 4 0 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7:15 0 0 0 9 0 9 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2

7:30 1 1 0 3 0 5 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3

7:45 1 0 0 5 0 6 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 3

8:00 5 0 1 0 0 6 7 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

8:15 1 1 0 3 0 5 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8:30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8:45 0 1 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9:00 0 0 1 1 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2

9:15 2 0 0 1 0 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

9:30 0 0 0 5 0 5 12 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

9:45 0 1 0 2 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0700 to 0800 2 1 1 21 0 25 53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 8

0700 to 1000 10 4 3 34 0 51 97 2 2 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 1 1 0 10

MOVEMENT 1 MOVEMENT 2 MOVEMENT 3 MOVEMENT 4

TIME CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT

16:00 3 4 0 5 0 12 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16:15 2 1 1 2 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16:30 8 4 0 3 0 15 19 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 2

16:45 2 3 1 2 0 8 11 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

17:00 20 4 0 2 0 26 29 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

17:15 8 1 0 2 0 11 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

17:30 12 1 0 3 0 16 20 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

17:45 9 0 0 2 0 11 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18:00 6 1 0 0 0 7 7 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

18:15 2 1 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18:30 1 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18:45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1630 to 1730 38 12 1 9 0 60 72 1 2 1 0 0 4 5 2 0 0 0 0 2

1600 to 1900 73 20 2 22 0 117 147 2 4 1 0 0 7 8 2 0 0 0 0 2

Ath~16~022 Junction Turning Count AL~Site 01 1Abacus Transportation Surveys Ltd for

Alan Lipscombe Traffic

APPENDIX 15.1


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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

ABACUS TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS ABACUS TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS

APRIL 2016 LAGAN CEMENT KINNEGAD TRAFFIC COUNT APRIL 2016

ATH/16/022 MANUAL CLASSIFIED JUNCTION TURNING COUNT ATH/16/022

5th April 2016 SITE: 01 DATE: 5th April 2016

Tuesday LOCATION: L8021 Ballinabrackey Road/Lagan Cement Works DAY: Tuesday

MOVEMENT 4 MOVEMENT 5 MOVEMENT 6

PCU TIME CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT

0 7:00 8 0 2 0 0 10 11 2 1 0 0 0 3 3 1 1 0 6 0 8

2 7:15 5 0 0 1 0 6 7 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 2 0 1 0 9

3 7:30 16 1 0 0 0 17 17 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 24 5 1 1 0 31

3 7:45 11 0 0 0 0 11 11 4 2 0 0 1 7 8 22 5 1 1 0 29

0 8:00 13 0 0 0 0 13 13 4 1 0 0 1 6 7 3 1 0 2 0 6

0 8:15 12 0 0 0 0 12 12 6 0 0 1 0 7 8 2 2 0 0 0 4

0 8:30 8 0 0 0 1 9 10 5 0 0 0 0 5 5 3 0 1 1 0 5

0 8:45 5 1 1 0 0 7 8 4 1 1 2 0 8 11 6 0 0 1 0 7

4 9:00 7 0 0 0 0 7 7 4 1 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 0 2 0 8

0 9:15 12 1 0 1 0 14 15 4 0 0 0 0 4 4 1 0 0 4 0 5

0 9:30 7 1 0 1 0 9 10 4 1 1 0 0 6 7 3 2 0 6 0 11

0 9:45 4 2 1 0 0 7 8 8 1 0 0 0 9 9 5 3 0 5 0 13

8 1 40 1 2 1 0 44 46 9 4 0 0 1 14 15 53 13 2 9 0 77

12 108 6 4 3 1 122 129 48 9 2 3 2 64 71 81 22 3 30 0 136

MOVEMENT 4 MOVEMENT 5 MOVEMENT 6

PCU TIME CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT PCU CAR LGV OGV1OGV2 BUS TOT

0 16:00 2 2 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 1 3 0 4

0 16:15 1 0 0 0 1 2 3 7 0 0 0 0 7 7 0 0 0 2 0 2

2 16:30 11 1 1 0 0 13 14 8 2 1 0 0 11 12 1 0 0 2 0 3

0 16:45 10 0 0 1 0 11 12 10 2 0 0 1 13 14 2 0 0 0 0 2

0 17:00 4 2 0 1 0 7 8 9 3 0 0 0 12 12 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 17:15 4 2 1 0 0 7 8 12 3 1 1 0 17 19 2 1 0 2 0 5

0 17:30 5 1 0 0 0 6 6 9 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 17:45 6 1 1 0 0 8 9 15 1 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 18:00 4 0 0 0 0 4 4 10 0 2 0 0 12 13 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 18:15 7 0 0 0 0 7 7 6 0 1 0 0 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 18:30 7 2 0 0 0 9 9 16 0 0 0 0 16 16 0 0 0 1 0 1

0 18:45 3 0 0 0 0 3 3 10 1 0 0 0 11 11 0 0 0 1 0 1

2 3 29 5 2 2 0 38 42 39 10 2 1 1 53 56 5 1 0 4 0 10

2 64 11 3 2 1 81 86 116 12 5 1 1 135 140 5 1 1 13 0 20



APPENDIX 15.1


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ectio

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

ABACUS TRANSPORTATION SURVEYS

APRIL 2016

ATH/16/022

5th April 2016

Tuesday

Hour

Through 4

PCU

16 13 13 41 131 36 212 14 61

10 17 11 42 146 26 207 9 67

33 53 5 64 153 19 198 19 78

31 48 7 65 116 16 156 19 74

9 28 3 36 86 15 121 20 74

4 24 4 33 76 18 115 20 66

7 16 2 22 74 20 118 15 65

8 18 6 30 77 31 144 19 67

11 18 6 30 83 33 156 12 65

10 22 6 36 19

19 19 13 48 17

20 24 8 42 17

90

177

Hour

Through 4

PCU

8 15 9 35 94 26 153 8 69

5 11 5 24 122 20 168 10 82

6 38 7 53 144 22 192 25 98

2 30 5 42 136 19 179 26 88

0 43 3 50 138 18 177 20 86

8 33 7 48 117 17 152 26 83

2 30 4 39 100 11 122 15 71

2 32 4 40 96 9 114 25 81

0 22 2 25 78 6 89 17 71

0 16 1 18 15

2 26 2 31 25

2 14 1 16 14

15

37

Cars/lgv

Through

Junction

HGVs

Through

Junction

Cars/lgv

Through

Junction

HGVs

Through

Junction

Hour cars /

lgv

Hour cars /

lgvHour PCU

PCU's

Through

Junction

PCU's

Through

Junction

Hour PCU

PCU's

Through 4

& 5

PCU's

Through 4

& 5

Hour HGV

Hour cars /

lgv



APPENDIX 15.1


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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

LGV car in LGV car out LGV car 2-way hour HGV in HGV out HGV 2-wayhour

2 0 2 77 6 5 11 33

10 0 10 85 1 9 10 25

32 2 34 81 2 3 5 18

30 1 31 50 2 5 7 15

4 6 10 26 2 1 3 10

4 2 6 22 0 3 3 13

3 0 3 21 2 0 2 15

6 1 7 24 1 1 2 24

6 0 6 26 4 2 6 29

1 4 5 20 4 1 5 23

5 1 6 15 6 5 11 18

8 1 9 9 5 2 7 7

LGV car in LGV car out LGV car 2-way hour HGV in HGV out HGV 2-wayhour

0 7 7 34 4 5 9 23

0 3 3 52 2 3 5 16

3 13 16 61 2 3 5 15

2 6 8 60 0 4 4 14

0 25 25 61 0 2 2 13

3 9 12 44 2 2 4 11

0 15 15 35 1 3 4 7

0 9 9 21 1 2 3 5

0 8 8 12 0 0 0 3

0 3 3 4 0 0 0 3

0 1 1 1 1 1 2 3

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1



APPENDIX 15.1


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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

PCUS in PCUS out PCUs 2-wayhour

16 11 27 151

12 21 33 140

36 9 45 120

34 13 46 82

9 8 16 47

4 9 13 50

7 0 7 53

8 3 12 78

14 4 18 91

10 6 17 73

19 13 31 56

20 6 25 25

PCUS in PCUS out PCUs 2-wayhour

8 19 27 84

5 9 14 86

8 20 28 94

2 14 16 91

0 30 30 91

8 14 21 69

2 22 24 51

2 14 16 33

0 8 8 19

0 3 3 11

2 3 6 8

2 0 2 2



APPENDIX 15.1


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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

APPENDIX 15.2


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ectio

n pur

pose

s only

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Conse

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

PROJ

ECT:

Solid

Rec

over

ed F

uel R

efine

ment

Facil

ity

CLIE

NT:

Laga

n Cem

ent L

tdSC

ALE:

NTS

PROJ

ECT

NO:4

870

DRAW

N BY

:AL

DATE

:02

.05.16

Figur

e A15

.3.1

Des

ign ar

tricula

ted H

GV us

ed fo

r auto

track

asse

ssme

nt (1

6m x

2.5m)

NOTE

S:

PLAN

NING

DRA

WIN

G ON

LY -

NOT

FOR

CONS

TRUC

TION

PUR

POSE

S

APPENDIX 15.3

16002 Lagan Cement/EIS Chapter 15 15-21

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

10,1

9M

.

EXISTING ACCESS ROAD

1

1

,9

M

.

7

,3

3

M

.

2

5

,

3

9

M

.

8

,2

3

M

.

6

,9

7

M

.

6

M

.

PROJ

ECT:

Solid

Rec

over

ed F

uel R

efine

ment

Facil

ity

CLIE

NT:

Laga

n Cem

ent L

tdSC

ALE:

NTS

PROJ

ECT

NO:4

870

DRAW

N BY

:AL

DATE

:02

.05.16

Figur

e A15

.3.2

Des

ign ar

tricula

ted H

GV us

ed fo

r auto

track

asse

ssme

nt (1

6m x

2.5m)

NOTE

S:

PLAN

NING

DRA

WIN

G ON

LY -

NOT

FOR

CONS

TRUC

TION

PUR

POSE

S

APPENDIX 15.3

16002 Lagan Cement/EIS Chapter 15 15-22

For

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ectio

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

PIC

AD

Y

GU

I Vers

ion:

5.1

AD

Analy

sis

Pro

gra

m R

ele

ase:

4.0

(S

EPT 2

008)

© C

opyri

ght

TR

L L

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2008

Adapte

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PIC

AD

Y/3

whic

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issio

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ontr

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of

HM

SO

For

sale

s a

nd d

istr

ibution info

rmati

on,

pro

gra

m a

dvic

e a

nd m

ain

tenance,

conta

ct:

TRL L

imited

Cro

wth

orn

e H

ouse

Nin

e M

ile R

ide

Wokin

gham

, Berk

s.

RG

40 3

GA,

UK

Tel:

+44 (

0)1

344 7

70758

Fax:+

44 (

0)1

344 7

70864

E-m

ail:

soft

ware

@tr

l.co.u

k

Web:

ww

w.t

rlsoft

ware

.co.u

k

Th

e u

ser

of

this

co

mp

ute

r p

rog

ram

fo

r th

e s

olu

tio

n o

f an

en

gin

eeri

ng

pro

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m i

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n n

o w

ay r

eli

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ed

of

their

resp

on

sib

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or

the c

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f th

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File R

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AL T

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Lagan\a

m 2

033 o

p.v

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Date

Run

02 J

une 2

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Tim

e R

un

16:3

7:1

0

Drivin

g S

ide

Drive O

n T

he L

eft

Arm

Nam

es a

nd

Flo

w S

calin

g F

acto

rs

Arm

A

rm

Na

me

Flo

w S

calin

g F

acto

r

(%

)

Arm

A

L8021 (

w)

100

Arm

B

Lagan C

em

ent

100

Arm

C

L8021 (

e)

100

Appendix 15.4


For

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ectio

n pur

pose

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.trlsoftware.co.uk/

Str

eam

Lab

ellin

g C

on

ven

tion

Str

eam

A-B

conta

ins t

raff

ic g

oin

g f

rom

A t

o B

etc

.

Ru

n I

nfo

rm

ati

on

Param

ete

r

Valu

es

Run T

itle

Lagan C

em

ent

Site

Location

Co M

eath

Date

02 J

une 2

016

Enum

era

tor

adl [A

DL-P

C]

Job N

um

ber

4870

Sta

tus

-

Client

Lagan C

em

ent

Descri

ption

-

Errors a

nd

Warn

ing

s

Param

ete

r

Valu

es

Warn

ing

No E

rrors

Or

Warn

ings

Geom

etr

ic D

ata

Geo

metr

ic P

ara

mete

rs

Appendix 15.4


For

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n pur

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Param

ete

r

Min

or

Arm

B

Majo

r Road C

arr

iagew

ay W

idth

(m

)

6.0

0

Majo

r Road K

erb

ed C

entr

al Reserv

e W

idth

(m

)

0.0

0

Majo

r Road R

ight

Turn

ing L

ane W

idth

(m

)

2.2

0

Min

or

Road W

idth

0m

Back f

rom

Junction (

m)

10.0

0

Min

or

Road W

idth

5m

Back f

rom

Junction (

m)

10.0

0

Min

or

Road W

idth

10m

Back fro

m J

unction (

m)

7.0

0

Min

or

Road W

idth

15m

Back fro

m J

unction (

m)

5.0

0

Min

or

Road W

idth

20m

Back fro

m J

unction (

m)

3.0

0

Min

or

Road D

eri

ved F

lare

Length

(PCU

)

2.0

00

Min

or

Road V

isib

ility T

o R

ight

(m)

50

Min

or

Road V

isib

ility T

o L

eft

(m

)

50

Majo

r Road R

ight

Turn

Vis

ibility (

m)

80

Majo

r Road R

ight

Turn

Blo

cks T

raff

ic

Yes

Slo

pe a

nd

In

tercep

t V

alu

es

Str

ea

m

In

terc

ep

t

for

Str

ea

m

B-A

Slo

pe

for

A-B

Slo

pe

for

A-C

Slo

pe

for

C-A

Slo

pe

for

C-B

B-A

0.0

00

0.0

00

0.0

00

0.0

00

0.0

00

B-C

0.0

00

0.0

00

0.0

00

- -

C-B

620.2

92

0.2

40

0.2

40

- -

Note

: Str

eam

s m

ay b

e c

om

bin

ed in w

hic

h c

ase c

apacity w

ill be a

dju

ste

d

These v

alu

es d

o n

ot

allow

for

any s

ite-s

pecific

corr

ections

Appendix 15.4


For

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ectio

n pur

pose

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Ju

ncti

on

Dia

gram

Dem

an

d D

ata

Mo

dellin

g P

erio

ds

Param

ete

r

Peri

od

D

urati

on

(m

in)

Seg

men

t Len

gth

(m

in)

Fir

st

Modellin

g P

eri

od

06:4

5-0

8:1

5

90

15

OD

TA

B T

urn

ing

Co

un

ts

Dem

an

d S

et:

Lagan C

em

ent

Site

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

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nt of

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Fro

m/

To

A

rm

A

Arm

B

Arm

C

Arm

A

0.0

11.0

64.0

Arm

B

0.0

0.0

79.0

Arm

C

21.0

153.0

0.0

OD

TA

B S

yn

thesis

ed

Flo

ws

Dem

an

d S

et:

Lagan C

em

ent

Site

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Arm

R

isin

g T

ime

R

isin

g F

low

(veh

/m

in)

Pea

k T

ime

P

ea

k F

low

(veh

/m

in)

Fallin

g T

ime

Fallin

g F

low

(veh

/m

in)

Arm

A

07:0

0

0.9

38

07:3

0

1.4

06

08:0

0

0.9

38

Arm

B

07:0

0

0.9

88

07:3

0

1.4

81

08:0

0

0.9

88

Arm

C

07:0

0

2.1

75

07:3

0

3.2

62

08:0

0

2.1

75

Heavy V

eh

icle

s P

ercen

tag

es

Dem

an

d S

et:

Lagan C

em

ent

Site

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Fro

m/

To

A

rm

A

Arm

B

Arm

C

Arm

A

- 0.0

0.0

Arm

B

0.0

-

0.0

Arm

C

0.0

0.0

-

Qu

eu

e D

iag

ram

s

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Vie

w E

xte

nt:

40m

Queue I

nte

rval 1:

06:4

5-0

7:0

0

Queue I

nte

rval 2:

07:0

0-07:1

5

Queue I

nte

rval 3:

07:1

5-0

7:3

0

Queue I

nte

rval 4:

07:3

0-07:4

5

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Queue I

nte

rval 5:

07:4

5-0

8:0

0

Queue I

nte

rval 6:

08:0

0-08:1

5

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Cap

acit

y G

rap

h

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

RFC

Grap

h

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Sta

rt

Qu

eu

e G

rap

h

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

En

d Q

ueu

e G

rap

h

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Dela

y G

rap

h

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of

Dem

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Qu

eu

es &

Dela

ys

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of D

em

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Seg

men

t

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d

(veh

/m

in)

Ca

pacit

y

(veh

/m

in)

RFC

Ped

.

Flo

w

(p

ed

/m

in)

Sta

rt Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

En

d Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic D

ela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Dela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

g

Veh

icle

Dela

y

(m

in)

06:4

5-0

7:0

0

B-A

0.0

0

7.0

4

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

0.9

9

12.4

2

0.0

80

- 0.0

0

0.0

9

- 1.3

0.0

9

C-A

B

1.9

7

10.2

9

0.1

92

- 0.0

0

0.2

4

- 3.6

0.1

2

C-A

0.2

1

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.1

4

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

0.8

0

- -

- -

- -

- -

Seg

men

t

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d

(veh

/m

in)

Ca

pacit

y

(veh

/m

in)

RFC

Ped

.

Flo

w

(p

ed

/m

in)

Sta

rt Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

En

d Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic D

ela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Dela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

g

Veh

icle

Dela

y

(m

in)

07:0

0-0

7:1

5

B-A

0.0

0

6.8

8

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

1.1

8

12.3

7

0.0

96

- 0.0

9

0.1

1

- 1.6

0.0

9

C-A

B

2.3

7

10.2

8

0.2

30

- 0.2

4

0.3

0

- 4.6

0.1

3

C-A

0.2

4

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.1

6

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

0.9

6

- -

- -

- -

- -

Seg

men

t

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d

(veh

/m

in)

Ca

pacit

y

(veh

/m

in)

RFC

Ped

.

Flo

w

(p

ed

/m

in)

Sta

rt Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

En

d Q

ueu

e

(veh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic D

ela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Dela

y

(veh

.min

/

seg

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

g

Veh

icle

Dela

y

(m

in)

07:1

5-0

7:3

0

B-A

0.0

0

6.6

5

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

1.4

5

12.3

0

0.1

18

- 0.1

1

0.1

3

- 2.0

0.0

9

C-A

B

2.9

2

10.2

6

0.2

84

- 0.3

0

0.4

0

- 6.1

0.1

4

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

C-A

0.2

8

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.2

0

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

1.1

7

- -

- -

- -

- -

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Seg

me

nt

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d(v

eh

/

min

)

Ca

pacit

y(v

eh

/m

in)

RFC

P

ed

.Flo

w(p

ed

/

min

)

Sta

rt

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

En

d

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

gV

eh

icle

Dela

y(m

in)

07:3

0-

07:4

5

B-A

0.0

0

6.6

5

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

1.4

5

12.3

0

0.1

18

- 0.1

3

0.1

3

- 2.0

0.0

9

C-A

B

2.9

2

10.2

6

0.2

84

- 0.4

0

0.4

1

- 6.1

0.1

4

C-A

0.2

8

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.2

0

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

1.1

7

- -

- -

- -

- -

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Seg

me

nt

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d(v

eh

/

min

)

Ca

pacit

y(v

eh

/m

in)

RFC

P

ed

.Flo

w(p

ed

/

min

)

Sta

rt

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

En

d

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

gV

eh

icle

Dela

y(m

in)

07:4

5-

08:0

0

B-A

0.0

0

6.8

7

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

1.1

8

12.3

7

0.0

96

- 0.1

3

0.1

1

- 1.6

0.0

9

C-A

B

2.3

7

10.2

8

0.2

30

- 0.4

1

0.3

1

- 4.6

0.1

3

C-A

0.2

4

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.1

6

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

0.9

6

- -

- -

- -

- -

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

copy

right

owne

r req

uired

for a

ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Seg

me

nt

Str

ea

m

Dem

an

d(v

eh

/

min

)

Ca

pacit

y(v

e

h/

min

)

RFC

P

ed

.Flo

w(p

ed

/

min

)

Sta

rt

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

En

d

Qu

eu

e(v

eh

)

Ge

om

etr

ic

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Dela

y(ve

h.m

in/

se

g

men

t)

Me

an

Arri

vin

gV

eh

icle

Dela

y(m

in)

08:0

0-

08:1

5

B-A

0.0

0

7.0

3

0.0

00

- 0.0

0

0.0

0

- 0.0

0.0

0

B-C

0.9

9

12.4

2

0.0

80

- 0.1

1

0.0

9

- 1.3

0.0

9

C-A

B

1.9

7

10.2

9

0.1

92

- 0.3

1

0.2

4

- 3.7

0.1

2

C-A

0.2

1

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-B

0.1

4

- -

- -

- -

- -

A-C

0.8

0

- -

- -

- -

- -

Entr

y c

apacitie

s m

ark

ed w

ith a

n '(X

)' a

re d

om

inate

d b

y a

pedestr

ian c

rossin

g in t

hat

tim

e s

egm

ent.

In t

ime s

egm

ents

mark

ed w

ith a

'(B

)',

traff

ic leavin

g t

he j

uncti

on m

ay b

lock b

ack fro

m a

cro

ssin

g s

o im

pair

ing n

orm

al opera

tion o

f th

e j

unction.

Dela

ys m

ark

ed w

ith '#

#' could

not

be c

alc

ula

ted.

Overall

Qu

eu

es &

Dela

ys

Qu

eu

ein

g D

ela

y I

nfo

rm

ati

on

Over W

ho

le P

erio

d

Dem

an

d S

et:

Sum

of D

em

and S

ets

for

Modellin

g P

eri

od:

06:4

5 -

08:1

5

Mo

dellin

g P

eri

od

: 06:4

5-0

8:1

5

Str

ea

m

To

tal

Dem

an

d

(veh

)

To

tal

Dem

an

d

(veh

/h

)

Qu

eu

ein

g D

ela

y

(m

in)

Qu

eu

ein

g D

ela

y

(m

in/

veh

)

In

clu

siv

e D

ela

y

(m

in)

In

clu

siv

e D

ela

y

(m

in/

veh

)

B-A

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

B-C

108.7

72.5

9.7

0.1

9.7

0.1

C-A

B

217.6

145.1

28.6

0.1

28.6

0.1

C-A

21.9

14.6

-

- -

-

A-B

15.1

10.1

-

- -

-

A-C

88.1

58.7

-

- -

-

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

All

4

51

.5

30

1.0

3

8.3

0

.1

38

.3

0.1

Dela

y is t

hat

occurr

ing o

nly

within

the t

ime p

eri

od.

Inclu

siv

e d

ela

y inclu

des d

ela

y s

uffere

d b

y v

ehic

les w

hic

h a

re s

till q

ueuin

g a

fter

the e

nd o

f th

e t

ime p

eri

od.

These w

ill only

be s

ignific

antly d

iffe

rent

if t

here

is a

larg

e q

ueue r

em

ain

ing a

t th

e e

nd o

f th

e t

ime p

eri

od.

PIC

AD

Y 5

Ru

n S

uccessfu

l

Appendix 15.4


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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ny ot

her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Lagan Cement Site

74 3 77

0 3

62 8 123

L8021 49 41 44 L8021

Ballinabrackey Ballinabrackey

Road (w) Road (e)

13 66 79

13

Observed traffic flows

April 2016

AM peak hour

Proposed development site

8 53 61

3 50

88 2 139

L8021 36 34 84 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

52 6 55

49


April 2016

PM peak hour

Figure 15.2 Observed traffic flows, AM and PM peak hours,

April 2016 - Cars and LGV's


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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her u

se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Lagan Cement Site

11 22 33

0 22

4 0 37

L8021 3 3 25 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

1 11 12

1


April 2016

AM peak hour


4 11 15

1 10

9 0 22

L8021 4 4 14 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

5 4 8

4


April 2016

PM peak hour


April 2016 - HGV's


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Lagan Cement Site

100 56 156

0 56

72 8 212

L8021 56 48 104 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

15 92 108

15


April 2016

AM peak hour


18 79 97

5 74

110 2 192

L8021 46 44 118 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

64 16 74

59


April 2016

PM peak hour


April 2016 - PCUs


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Lagan Cement Site

83 3 86

0 3

69 9 138

L8021 55 46 49 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

15 74 88

15

Seasonally adjusted traffic flows

August 2016

AM peak hour


9 59 68

3 56

99 2 156

L8021 40 38 94 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

58 7 62

55


August 2016

PM peak hour

Figure 15.5 Seasonally adjusted traffic flows, AM and PM peak hours,

August 2016 - Cars and LGV's


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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r req

uired

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se.

EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

Lagan Cement Site

12 25 37

0 25

4 0 41

L8021 3 3 28 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

1 12 13

1


August 2016

AM peak hour


4 12 17

1 11

10 0 25

L8021 4 4 16 L8021


Road (w) Road (e)

6 4 9

4


August 2016

PM peak hour

Figure 15.6 Seasonally adjusted traffic flows, AM and PM peak hours,

August 2016 - HGVs


For

insp

ectio

n pur

pose

s only

.

Conse

nt of

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right

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uired

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EPA Export 08-10-2016:02:43:11

8.5.5 impacts - environmental protection agency · 8.5.5.4 assessment of impact significance ......

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