9 th - 14 th century: khmer empire ruled – angkor- seat of khmer empire- world’s largest...
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Colonized by France in 1800s Occupied by Japan in 1940s Gained independence from France Nov. 9, 1953 – Became a constitutional monarchy French colonial mansion in CambodiaTRANSCRIPT
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Cambodia
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History• 9th- 14th Century: Khmer Empire ruled– Angkor- seat of Khmer Empire- world’s largest
pre-industrialized civilization– Angkor Wat- the most famous and best preserved
temple in Angkor (first Hindu, then Buddhist)
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History Continued• Colonized by France in 1800s• Occupied by Japan in 1940s• Gained independence from France Nov. 9,
1953– Became a constitutional monarchy
French colonial mansion in Cambodia
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Population• 90% is Khmer and speak Khmer language• French is sometimes spoken by older
generation• Cambodian French is often spoken in
government• Religion- Buddhism
Buddhist art in Cambodia
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Khmer Rouge• French for Red Khmer- Cambodian Communist
Party- ruling party 1975-79• Pol Pot- leader of Khmer Rouge– Eliminate anyone suspected of involvement in free
market activates– No families- children were torn from parents and taught
torture techniques– No education- executed intellectuals and people with glasses (stereotype)– No religion
– Like Hitler- targeting groups to killPol Pot
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Khmer Rouge• Thought the farmers in the rural area were
proletariat and represented the true working class (Maoist)
- Moved people from urban to rural areas (collective farms)
-Factories, schools, and hospitals were closed -Abolished banking, finance, and currency
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Effects• 1/5- 1/3 of the population died-
overworked, starved, executed• Tortured and killed “enemies” :– People with connections to former
gov’t or foreign gov’t– Professionals and intellectuals– People who were not Cambodian
or practiced religion– Economic sabotage- mainly those
from urban areas who did not know much about agriculture
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End of Power• Vietnamese troops tired of thousands of
Cambodian refugees & border clashes w/ K.R.• 1979- invade & capture Phnom Penh- set up
communist govt.• Khmer Rouge retreat to jungle- continue civil
war
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Today• Pol Pot died while under house arrest in 1998- possibly poisoned• Reunited under monarch in 1993• UN backed trials of leading Khmer Rouge officials• Growing economy
– Agriculture– Tourism– Textiles– Oil found and drilling will begin in 2013- can lead to HUGE economic
increase
POL POT VIDEO