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TLE HOUSEKEEPING

Module 4: Types of stain and

procedures and techniques in

removing stains on furniture

Quarter 1, Week 6-7

JOSEPHINE B. ACAS

(SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR INDEPENDENT LEARNINGENGAGEMENT) A Joint Project of

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF DIPOLOG CITY and the

DIPOLOG CITY GOVERNMENT

9/10000

TLE– Grade 9/10 Quarter 1 – Module 6-7: Types of stains and procedures and techniques in removing stains on furniture First Edition, 2020

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region IX – Dipolog City Schools Division

Office Address: Purok Farmers, Olingan, DipologCit

Development Team of the Module

Writer:Josephine B. Acas

Reviewer: Lynne B. Gahisan

Illustrator: Layout Artist:

Management Team:

Virgilio P. Batan Jr. - Schools Division Superintendent

Jay S. Montealto - Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

Amelinda D. Montero - Chief, CID

Nur N. Hussien - Chief, SGOD

Ronillo S. Yarag - EPS PVR – LRMDS

Leo Martinno O. Alejo - PDO II - LRMDS

2

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of

the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities

included in the module.

3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your

answers.

5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.

6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not

hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are

not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning

and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies

that will help you in guiding the learners.

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help

you master independently the types of furniture’s and furniture care and

maintenance. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different

learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of

students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the

textbook you are now using.

Lesson 6-7– Types of stain and procedures and techniques in removing

stains on furniture.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify different types of stains

2. List down procedures and techniques in removing stains on furniture.

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What I Know

Direction: Read the statement carefully and write the letter that best describes the

statement. Put your answer in your answer sheet

1. Type of stain that are easiest stain to removed by just completely rinsing in cold

water with cool biological soak.

a. protein stain c. greasy stain

b. tannin stain d. dye stain

2. These are stains found naturally in cherries and blueberries, and is added to

other food stuffs like mustards and blue ice-lollies. a. protein stain c. greasy stain


3. These are stains that do not fall any specific groupings such as scorch and

chewing gum. a. dye stain c .organic stain

b. special stain d. industrial stain

4. These are stains resulting from natural atmospheric conditions such as alkaline stains, mildew and tarnish.

a. dye stain c .organic stain


5. These are stains resulting from building or do it yourself work. a. dye stain c .organic stain


6. A very effective multi-purpose, tough satin remover.

a. alcohol c. cigarette ash

b. ammonia d. milk

7. very fine abrasive powder that is used to polish lacquered or varnished surfaces after coarse rubbing with pumice stone.

a. rottenstone b. turpentine

c. white vinegar d. milk

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8. Natural mild bleach that dissolves dirt and grease and acts as water softener. a. rottenstone b. turpentine


9. Used as thinner of oil paints, varnishes, and enamels turpentine (turps), which

is good on difficult oil-based stain like asphalt and tar. a. rottenstone b. turpentine


10. Is a process through absorption of water based stains or through removal in friction.

a. physical method b. psychological method d. c. chemical method d. none of the above

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Lesson

6/7 Types of stains and procedures

and techniques in removing stains on furniture

TYPES OF STAIN

Stains are colored patch or dirty marks that is difficult to remove. It is a normal problem that every household always encountered. Accumulated dirt and

neglect in care and maintenance are some major factors that contribute to this major household problem.

Restoring the beauty and elegance takes time and patience, but the results can be enjoyed for years even for generations. Today there are lots of cleaning aid to

restore the shine, texture, and form of the furnishings at home.

Types Degree Background Sources 1. Protein stains Easy These are the

easiest stain to remove by just

completely rinsing in cold water with

cool biological soak.

Food stains such

as egg, milk, yogurt, and

cheese sauce

2. Tannin (wet)

stains

Moderate These are direct

liquid spills that respond well to

hot water, but will set permanently if

you use any kind of soap.

Alcohol, perfume,

inks, melted ice, lollies, fruit

juices, tea and coffee.

3. Greasy (dry)

stains

Moderate These are stains

that are result from product with

fats and oil that can be removed

with hot water and detergent.

Adhesive,

automotive oil, baby oil, candle

wax, carpet glue

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4.Other stains a. Combination stains

Difficult Combination of two

or more of types of stain. It can be group

to Type A and Type B. Type A stains

have protein, grease/ wax and dye

elements; while

Type B have grease, wax and dye

elements.

Ballpoint ink,

barbecue sauce, calamine lotion,

b. Dye stains Difficult These are stains

found naturally in cherries and

blueberries, and is added to other

foodstuffs like

mustard and blue ice-lollies.

c. Special stains These are stains that do not fall any

specific grouping such as scorch and

chewing gum.

d. Organic stains These are stains resulting from

natural atmospheric conditions such as

alkaline stains, mildew and tarnish.

e. Industrial stains These are stains resulting from

building or Do It

Yourself work. f. Chemical stains These are stains

result from chemical spills.

g. Lacquer stains Difficult These are stains that easily dry

rapidly, so do not allow it to dry out to

treat it easily.

h. Unknown stains These are stains whose source

cannot easily identified but can be

recognized using sense of smell

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What’s In

A. Word hunt

Directions: Puzzle below contains different types and sources of stains. Look for the five sources and be able to give its remedial methods. Put your answer on your

paper.

E K C A N D I E S L I S H E R

A N G R I N D E R N D I C B M

I I C B C X I T B G R A T U R

N F P O T S C U S P O N G T S

K E W B H V E L Y L A R D T S

U T U R N E R B O S T E R E U

U R T O Q M I L K T E E I R R

M S L I C M T O N G H G H M I

C B R O O M T E D S P O O J N

U K M E C O N O P E N E R Y G

P O B R P J E F F R E Y O O N

T I R T O M B L O O D O M N R

What’s New

ESSAY Directions: Discuss briefly the physical and chemical method of removing

stains on furniture and fixtures. Put your answer in a one whole sheet of paper.

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What is It

PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES OF STAIN REMOVAL ON FURNITURE

Stain removal is one of the difficult part of cleaning task. Rust, ink, bloods,

butter, and oil are some of the common causes of this problem. Knowing the type of

stains will effectively dissolve and thus remove the spots.

In removing the stain, apply fewer chemicals rather than more. Repeating

the process will be more effective rather than using a large amount to do the job faster

Stain Removal Chemical

Product Content Alcohol (rubbing) sopropyl alcohol

Ammonia Ammonium hydroxide

Carpet shampoo, carpet stain remover Isopropyl alcohol Color remover Sodium hydrosulphite

Nail varnish remover Acetone Petroleum – based solvent and dry-

cleaning fluid

Trichloroethylene (TCE),

perchloethylene (PERC) (K), petroleum distillates

Rust remover Oxalic acid, hydrofluoric acid Turpentine Terpene

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Stain Removal Natural Product

Alcohol

Ammonia

convenience.

Cigarette ash - light abrasive for removing alcohol stains from

wooden furniture.

Milk

Rottenstone

varnished surfaces after coarse rubbing with pumice stone.

Turpentine

nts, varnishes, and enamels turpentine (turps), which is good on difficult oil – based stains like asphalt and

tar. White vinegar

water softener.

General Rules on Removing Stains

Physical and chemical methods are the two types of removing the stains.

Physical method is a process through absorption of water-based stains or through removal in friction.

Chemical method is the use and application of chemical solutions.

Physical Method (Absorption water based stains) 1. Wash hands and put on gloves

2. Use cloth or paper towel to absorb the liquid.

3. Always start from the outer edge of the stain and work towards the

middle; this prevents the spreading of the stain.

4. Dispose of the cloth or paper towel when the task is completed.

5. After use, all tools and materials should be checked, cleaned, and

dried and returned to the storage area.

6. Remove gloves and wash hands

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Physical Method (Friction removal water staining) 1. Wash hands and put on gloves

2. This involves scraping, brushing, rubbing, or scrubbing to remove

dried-on stains.

3. It is important to rub gently to avoid damage to the surface.

4. Always start from the outer edge of the stain and work towards the middle.

5. After use, all tools and materials should be checked, cleaned, and dried and returned to the storage area.

6. Remove gloves and wash hands.

7. Note: never rub the stain into the carpet / fabric

8. Should the friction method does not work use the chemical

method.

Chemical Method 1. Wash hands and put on gloves

2. Prepare the cleaning solution in a well- ventilated area.

3. Poor a small amount of the chosen cleaning solution onto the stain.

4. Allow the cleaning solution to have a contact time with the stain.

5. Using a scraper and cloth, start from the outer edge of the stain

and work towards the middle until the stain is removed.

6. Dispose of the cloth when the task is completed.

7. After use, all tools and materials should be checked, cleaned, dried and returned to the storage area.

8. Remove gloves and wash hands .

12

What’s More

Directions: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it

is not correct. Write your answer in your notebook.

1. Stains are colored patch or dirty marks that is difficult to remove.

2. Accumulated dirt and neglect in care and maintenance are some

minor factors that contribute to this major household problem.

3. Stain removal is one of the easiest part of cleaning task.

4. Rust, ink, bloods, butter, and oil are some of the common causes of this problem.

5. White vinegar is natural, mild bleach that dissolves dirt and grease and acts as a water softener.

6. Turpentine is used as a thinner of oil paints, varnishes, and enamels turpentine (turps), which is good on difficult oil – based stains like asphalt and tar.

7. Milk Effective soak for ballpoint ink, red juice and newsprint stains.

8. Rottenstone Very fine abrasive powder that is used to polish lacquered or varnished surfaces after coarse rubbing with pumice stone.

9. Cigarette ash is excellent ultra- light abrasive for removing alcohol

stains from wooden furniture.

10. Ammonia Solid as a liquid in bottles but is actually a gas, dilute in water for convenience.

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Assessment

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on one whole sheet of paper.

1. A very effective multi-purpose, tough satin remover. a. alcohol c.cigarette ash

b. ammonia d. milk

2. Very fine abrasive powder that is used to polish lacquered or varnished surfaces after coarse rubbing with pumice stone.



3. Natural mild bleach that dissolves dirt and grease and acts as water softener.



4. Used as thinner of oil paints, varnishes, and enamels turpentine (turps),

which is good on difficult oil-based stain like asphalt and tar. a. rottenstone b. turpentine


5. Is a process through absorption of water based stains or through removal in friction.

a. physical method b. psychological method d. c. chemical method d. none of the above

6. Type of that are easiest stain to removed by just completely rinsing in cold water with cool biological soak.



7. These are stains found naturally in cherries and blueberries, and is added to other food stuffs like mustards and blue ice-lollies.



8. These are stains that do not fall any specific groupings such as scorch and chewing gum.

14



9. These are stains resulting from natural atmospheric conditions such as

alkaline stains, mildew and tarnish. a. dye stain c .organic stain

b. special stain d. industrial stain 10. These are stains resulting from building or do it yourself work.



Additional Activities

Direction: Give at least 5 sources of stains and explain briefly the five sources of

stain. Write it in a one whole sheet of paper.

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Assessment

1. a

2. a

3. c

4. b

5. a

6. a

7. d

8. b

9. c

10.d

Answer Key

References

1. Histrich,R.,Peters,M.,&Sheperd,D.(2008).Enterprenuership.Newyork:

McGraw-Hill

2. sites.google.com

3. gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

4. sahealth.gov.au

5. watko.floors.com

What's More

1. True 2. False

3. False 4. True 5. True

6. True 7. True

8. True 9. True

10. True

What I Know

1. a 2. d

3. b 4. c 5. d

6. a 7. a

8. c 9. b

10. a

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