94111450 operation maintenance training rev2 1 part 1 2
TRANSCRIPT
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The New Shape of Broadband Wireless Networks
Ceragon Networks (India) Pvt. Ltd.
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Technical Overview
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Company at a Glance
Founded: August 1996
Commercial Ship: Octoer 199!
"#O: August $%%%
&ead'uarters: Tel Aviv( "srael)irmingham( *+
,ew -ersey( *SA
&ong +ong
.atin America O//ices: Germany( France( 0ussia( "ndia
eployments: 6% countries 2 16% customers
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3ersatile #roduct .ine
1641ST51$7ST51ST58
6 !G&
16 $ 1$! ;A5 on single O*
*ni'ue Features
S& 2 SO,4T 2 AT5 2 "# < All in one 0adio "ntegrated A5
)est AT5 per/ormance on the mar=et
FieAir at a Glance
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Family
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Management
Station
In-Door Unit
(IDU)
Out-Door Unit
(ODU)
Antenna
FieAir #roduct
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"* < "n oor *nit
Compact( 1>? wide( 1*high unit
16;A5 5odulator < FieAir1@%%
$;A5 5odulator < FieAir8@%
1$!;A5 5odulator < FieAir1@$!
Full/unction S&2SO,4T 0egenerator 2 5ultiple7er
5ost #opular "nter/aces Are Supported
5anages local and remote units
Front #anel Alarms and "ndicators
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Main Channel
Wayside Channel
User Channel
155/100 Mbps
2 Mbps
64 Kbps
MUX
Modulator IF Card
Cable
Cobiner
Coa! Cable
I"U Controller
#M$ % &thernet % $'I(/(((
(o)er $upply%4* +"C
"eodulator
&!ternal ,lars
"* )loc= iagram
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ST51 B4lectrical( optical S5255
7 42S
$ 7 Fast 4thernet
1 7 1%%5ps D 1 7 @%5ps
$ 7 dynamic andwidth
Fast 4thernet D !7412T1
$ 7 42S D !7412T1
!7412T1 D !7412T1
5ain Channel "nter/aces
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O* < Out oor *nit
Spectrum 4//icient:
FieAir1@%% @%2@6 5& andwidth
FieAir1@$! < $! 5& andwidth
Full and /re'uency tuning range Busing the ,5S
3ery high sensitivity
4asy to install and maintain
Same O* supports 16;A5 and 1$!;A5 "*sE
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Coa! Cable
,-C
Cable
Cobiner
.X Conerter
X Conerter 140M
350M
X%and
$ynthesier
.ranseier
MMW Conerter
,p
7"U Controller
(o)er $upply
,-C +olta8e
eadin8
93%4-
93%4-
911-
O* )loc= iagram
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FieAir1@$! Speci/ications
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S& ,etwor= Segments
S!
Ter"inal
#$ltiple%er
S!
Ter"inal
#$ltiple%er
S!
&dd ' rop
#$ltiple%er
S!egenerator
T r i b $ t a r i e s
T r i b $ t a r i e s
S!egenerator
C
&sse"bl*
C
isasse"bl*
Path
#$ltiple%er
Se+tion
#$ltiple%er
Se+tion
egenerator Se+tion egenerator Se+tionegenerator Se+tion
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The Truc= Analogy
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(ayload
+irtual Container
$7
M$7
0$7
The S& Frame
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&, &, &, &- &- &- /
0,
1
B,
,
2,
-
!, !- !1
B- 3, 3-
,
B1
C-
4,
0-
!5
01
31
N,
5
6
,/
S,
7
8, 8-
9
,,
:
;
,-
#, 2-
0e8enerator
$7
Section Over &ead
,U%4
(ointers
Multiple!er $7
(ath
7
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0egenerator SO& ytes
A1( A$: Frame alignment pattern -%: "denti/ication
)1: ;uality monitoring( parity ytes
41: Orderwire Channel
F1: *ser 3oice Channel
1: CCr ata Channel B5anagement 19$ +ps
RSOH
MSOH
< <
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&1&: A* #ointers B#ayload #ointers )$: ;uality monitoring( parity ytes
4$: 3oice channel
+1( +$: Automatic protection switching BA#S control
S1: Cloc= 'uality indicator
51: Transmission error ac=nowledgement
81$: CCm ata Channel B5anagement @>6 +ps
RSOH
MSOH
< <
5ultiple7er SO& ytes
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=C>1?ST#>,
1D1 &ot Stand)y #rotection .ess than @% mSec switching time Switching criteria < .OF( )40( 47ternal 5aster25aster( 5aster2Slave( Slave2Slave Scalale architecture
1D1 #rotection
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1 D 1 &ot Standy
The system is douled on oth .ocal and 0emote ends
One unit on each end is active B5aster? while the
other is standy BSlave?
5aster transmits and receives data
Slave only receives data
"ntermate *A0T cale allows negotiating the mastery and
data e7change etween units
One or Two antennas per site
On a /ailure in an active unit or a command /rom the
remote side( 5aster Switch will occur Bredundant unit
will ta=e over activity
Switching time: less than @% mSec
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#rotected hat FromH
1D1 con/iguration protects the main lin= /rom a
hardware or radio /ailure in one o/ the units on .ocal(
0emote( or oth ends
oes not protects /rom coincident /ailures in oth units
on the same end
.in= sel/recovery once /ailure cleared2corrected
,o protection /rom /ading
.in= sel/recovery once /ading cleared
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#rotection Triggers
.oss O/ Frame on the radio o/ the 5aster unit /or 1 mSec
.oss O/ Frame on the line o/ the 5aster unit /or 1 mSec
Change Transmitter? command /rom the remote end
O* cale disconnection
#ower down or manual reset in the 5aster
5anual switch Busing the ,5S
47cessive errors 47ternal Alarm
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#OSA5
#OSA5 < #rotected O* Single Antenna 5ount
Antenna is mounted to the pole Two O*s connected to the #OSA5
#OSA5 is mounted directly to the antenna
Antenna has to have Ceragon antenna inter/ace
"nsertion loss: main path Bo/ Coupler < $d)
secondary path Bo/ Coupler < >@d)
B$ilt>in
:dB Co$pler
Interfa+e to
antenna
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#O0A5
#O0A5 < #rotected O* 0emote Antenna 5ount
Antenna is mounted to the pole Two O*s connected to the #O0A5
#O0A5 is mounted to the pole
#O0A5 is connected to the antenna using /le7ile waveguide
Antenna has to have standard antenna inter/ace Bwaveguide
"nsertion loss: main path Bo/ Coupler < @d)
secondary path Bo/ Coupler < 9d)
0le% wave>g$ide
+onne+tor
B$ilt>in
:dB Co$pler
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"nstallation "ssues
#rotection cale and .ine splitters are part o/ the#rotection +it
Availale splitters: C5"2),C /or electrical ST51( S or
4I S5 and 55( SC or ST connectors /or optical ST51(
552SC /or optical Fast 4thernet( spliced 0-8@ cale /orT1241 alanced
&u should e used /or connecting the management ports
o/ the two "*s
IMPORTANT!
o not plug 4thernet cale to the #rotection port o/ the "*E
"t will damage the #rotection port and the protection might
not /unction
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2ast @ 0iber
2%ternal Clo+k
West @ adio
9%2, per "od$leA total ,:%2,
Line
FieAir 1@%%A21@$!A
Two ST51 Aggregates: 0adio and .ine
0adio < , TypeI .ine < Optical short2long haul *p to 16 41s in single "*
*p to $ 41s in doule con/iguration B$ 0adio Aggregates
Support o/ #ath #rotection method
Synchroniation: 47ternal( .ine( Triutary( "nternal( Through
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FieAir 1@%%A21@$! S& 0ing
STM-1
16 * E1
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#ossile Site Con/igurations
Line
0ibe&ir ,7//&?,7-9&@ ,:%2, adio Line egD0ibe&ir ,7//&?,7-9&@ 9%2, adio adio
egenerator
o$ble 0ibe&ir ,7//&?,7-9&@ 1-%2, adio adio
Line
o$ble 0ibe&ir ,7//&?,7-9&@ 1-%2, Line > Line
Line
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"nstallation and Setup Overview
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"nstallation 0e'uirements "*
5ust e located indoors
4nvironmental conditions B@ C to D8@ C
4asy accessiility( only y authoried personnel
#ower supply B8!3dc
4thernet or telephone management connection availale
,ot more than %%m /rom outdoor unit location
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As /ar as possile /rom current2/uture ostacles
Btrees( uildings
4asy accessiility /or maintenance
Good grounding( lightning rod
"nstallation 0e'uirements O*
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Typical Antenna 5ounts
1+0
2+0
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8!3dc #ower supply J Amp B8%@ to $ 3dc
#ower Supply can e used
0ecommendedE
Availaility o/ *ninterrupted #ower Source B*#S
or )attery )ac=up
"nstallation 0e'uirements #S*
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:%; :-#";:;-#" to the ra<
and to &arth
:9; :0; :-#";
&C =$tlet
:9; :0; :-#";
-#" to the ras
hassis
and to &arth
:%;:;:o;
:hassis;
($U
,C ord
"C
onnetor
short
C =$tp$t
short-#" to
the ra<
and
to &arth
C&ETI=N FFF$hortin8 the :%; to the :-#";
)ill daa8e the I"U>s internal
($U
#S* Connection
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Cale speci/ications:
ma7 attenuation o/ % d) at @%% 5&
0ecommended:
0G! B)elden 991 up to %%m
0G$$ up to 1%%m
Cale should e terminated with K,L type male
connectors 3eri/y innerpin o/ connector does
not e7ceed edge o/ connector
Connectors should e closed y hand only
"nstallation 0e'uirements Cales
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"nstallation Steps
"nstall antenna and O* on site A
"nstall "* on site A
Con/igure the "* on site A Busing &yperTerminal
0epeat the aove on site )
Align the antennas
3eri/y lin= operation M per/ormance
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Antenna "nstallation
"nstall antenna on pole according to attached instructions 3eri/y secure installation
Aim antenna to other end o/ the lin=
*se telescope or compass /or rough alignment i/
necessary
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O* "nstallation
Connect O* to the antenna( using 8 latches Connect "F coa7 cale to O*
Tight connector y hand only Bno toolsE
K,L type Connectors should e waterproo/ed and sealed
Connect O* earth point to suitale roo/top earth
3eri/y correct polariation
&andle on top < 3ertical polariation&andle on the side < &oriontal polariation
IF CableGrounding
Latches
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IF Cable
"* "nstallation
"nstall "* in rac=2cainet19? and 4TS" mounting rac=ets provided with "*
Connect "F cale to the "*
Tight connector y hand only Bno toolsE
Connect "* grounding point to clean station earth
Grounding cale provided with "* Connect
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IF Cable
"nstallation #ics
IDU Grounding
DC power
Antenna mount
ODU Grounding
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&yperTerminal Con/iguration
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)aud 0ate: 19,200 #assword: ceragon
&yperTerminal )asic Setup
Set the desired /re'uency channel
Set the transmitter power level
Assign "# addresses
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Factory e/ault Settings
FieAir terminal de/aults /actory con/iguration:
T7207 /re'uency /irst channel o/ suand
Transmit power < D1@d)m
Transmitter mute < o// BO* transmits
4thernet management "# Address 19$16!11
Serial management "# Address 19$16!%1
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Go to the other site
Second Site "nstallation
"nstall the second FieAir terminal
Con/igure the "* using the &yperTerminal
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,iuth ad?ustent
&le/ation ad?ustent
Antenna Alignment B1
Connect the headset to AGC monitor ),C connector on O*
AdNust antenna Aimuth M 4levation( one end at a time( until
you get the ma7imum tone level
Connect igital 3olt 5eter B35 to the AGC ),C connector
Align the antenna until voltage reading is achieved Between
1>vdc M 1$vdc
0epeat antenna alignment at each end until the minimum dc
voltage is achieved
1%vdc %d)m18@vdc 8@d)m16%vdc 6%d)metc
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Antenna Alignment B$
Compare achieved receive level to calculated receive level +eep aligning until the achieved level is up to 8 d) away /rom
the calculated received signal level
"/ voltage reading is more than 8 d) away or higher than
1>vdc( roughly realign antenna to remote site
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(lease re@er to the AFibe,ir Coissionin8 and ,55eptan5e (ro5edureB do5uent @or detailed in@oration
Commissioning and Acceptance
.in= is up B.OF and )40 .4s are green All .4s are green Bunless no input signal on the .ine
0S. is up to D2 8d) /rom un/aded Bcalculated 0S. at oth
ends o/ the lin=
4O uer and voice is wor=ing /rom oth ends o/ the lin=
0adio )40 1%411 or etter
,o 4rrors on )40 test o/ line inter/aces: S&2SO,4TAT5Fast 4thernet42S
412T1 #roper /unction o/ management so/tware
All loopac=s /unction properly
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"nstallation &aards
5a=e sure that the mast assemly is secured and
properly grounded
Try to install the lin= on a nonwindy day
)e care/ul not to /all when wor=ing on heights
*se sa/ety accessories( as harness and hardhat
atch out /or overhead power lines
o not use metal ladder
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Trun= 0adio
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Ceragon Trun= 0adio
Split mount Compact
Cost e//ective
Support /re'uency and space diversity
&itless( 4rrorless switching
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47ternal iple7er O*
"iple!er
Wa/e%-uide Conne5tor
Mountin8 ra5
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Split 5ount Advantages
4'uipment wagon can e located /ar /rom the antenna
Simple coa7ial cale etween O* and the "*
Fre'uency replacement /le7iility
Cale resistant to /ield conditions
Fast deployment o/ O*( "* B1* and the cale etween them
5inimal cale attenuation compared to /le7ile waveguide
.ight weight and low power consumption
IDU
Coaxial Cable
ODU
300m
Ce agonLs 62>2! G& 0adio
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CeragonLs 62>2! G& 0adio
5any standards BF%( T707 Spacing
Separate synthesiers /or T7 and 07 allow various
T707 spacing
Same O* /or all and B6( >( %r !G&
Same O* /or T7&igh and T7.ow orientation o/
diple7er on O* determines T7&igh or T7.ow
.in= can reach 1%%+mE
O* "nstallation
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O* "nstallation
0emote 5ount? O*
O* connected to a plate( plate is attached to the pole
using mounting rac=et BAndrew +it?( diple7er
connected to the plate using screws
aveguide connector < #0!8 B#0>% also availale
Availale waveguide:
Fle7ile waveguide
#rovided with each O* B1$m( %6d) loss 4lliptical waveguide Btypical loss %d)21%%m
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iversity asic concepts
Fre'uency iversity*ses the nature o/ /re'uency selectivity o/ the multipath dispersive
/ading
Space iversity
Two antennas vertically separated at the receiver tower so only one
o/ antennas is located in a power minimum
Angle iversity
)ased on slightly di//erent angles o/ arrival o/ the indirect delayed
waves and the direct wave
Space M Fre'uency iversity
A comination o/ the aove /re'uency and space diversity techni'ues
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5&S) and S
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F and &
l
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Angle iversity
FieAir1@$!
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Consists o/ two FieAir 1@$! lin=s connected togetherthrough a protection cale and a &itless switch
&itless &otStand Con/iguration
!itless Swit+h SC?""?,1//
!itless Swit+h SC?""?,1//
! i t l e s s
+ a b l e
P r o t e + t e d
+ a b l e
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&itless )loc= iagram
Ceragon Advantage:
,o single point o/ /ailureEEE
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&itless System Overview
4nhancement o/ the FieAir 1@$! &otStandy
Con/iguration
&itlessEEE
,o errors during the switch
4rrorlessEEE
,o errors to the user e/ore the switch
ata o/ etter 'uality is delivered automatically to the user
0eceiver 5odemLs parameters are used as criteria /or
activating the switch
Supports Space and Fre'uency diversity
S h
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Switching criteria
The modems o/ the two "*s are connected using the
&itless Cale?
#rimary
F4Cased decision to determine the path with noerrors
Secondary
5ean S'uare 4rror B5S4
"/ oth F4Cs detects errors( the path with less errorswill e selected
*sing $%uSec u//er( no errors even e/ore the switch
Space iversity
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MU.&
XM.0 , 0C+ ,
XM.0 4 0C+ 4
"ata out"ata in$pa5e
$eperation
One transmitter is used( the other in 5*T4 mode
The receivers are connected to two antennas physically
spaced apart B1%%Ls o/ wavelengths
The spacing determines the delay etween the two
receivers The physical separation should e %m Based on the
re'uested improvement /actor
Typically( 61@m
Space iversity
Fre'uency iversity
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XM.0 , 0C+ ,
XM.0 0C+
"ata out"ata in
F1
F2
Two transmitters are used( oth in normal operation
connected to one antenna Bwith splitter or two antennas
The two receivers are connected to one antenna Bwith
splitter or two antennas
The /re'uency determines the separation etween thetwo receivers
F5 is /re'uencydependant there/ore using two
/re'uencies Bthe /arther they are the etter
Fre'uency iversity
F vs S
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)oth solutions protects against /ading and &2 /ailures
F is more e7pensive solution <
two channels are re'uiredE
S is more e//ective < improvement is more signi/icantE
F vs S
ST5 1 &itl #h i l 3i
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ST51 &itless #hysical 3iew
.ocal and 0emote management access
"nstalled inter/aces
0ealtime .4s display
&itl C /i ti
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&itless Con/iguration
#rotection con/iguration
0adio2.ine .ossO/Frame
47cessive )40
47ternal alarm
Single or ual .ine output
&itless con/iguration
&itless enale2disale
Space or Fre'uency diversity
,onrevertive or revertive mode with
&oldo// time
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5anagement and "# Setup
5 t S l "# , t =
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5anagement Sample "# ,etwor=
Internet
Cloud
&thernet
Fibe,ir1500
"e@ault outer
I4MCopatible
'aptop oputer
Wor
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For the installation phase( it is recommended to connect to
the "* using the de/ault settings:
For 4thernet connection
"*Ls 4thernet "# address: 19$16!11( 5as=: $@@$@@$@@%
Bdo not change the de/ault settings
Con/igure laptopLs 4thernet "# address to: 19$16!11%%(
5as=: $@@$@@$@@%
"* and laptop are on the same sunetwor=
Connect the laptop to the "* using cross4thernet cale
.aunch Cera3iew and veri/y that you can connect to the "*
5anagement < "# Con/iguration B1
5anagement "# Con/iguration B$
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For Serial BS."#2### connection
"*Ls Serial "# address: 19$16!%1( 5as=: $@@$@@$@@%
"*Ls Serial con/iguration: ### protocol( !8%% aud rate
Bdo not change the de/ault settings
"nstall S."# drivers and con/igure ialup adapter on laptop to
"# address 19$16!%1%%( 5as=: $@@$@@$@@%
Baccording to instructions in the *ser5anual
"* and laptop are on the same sunetwor=
Connect the laptop to the "* using serial nullmodem cale
Connect to the "* using dialup adapter
.aunch Cera3iew and veri/y that you can connect to the "*
5anagement < "# Con/iguration B$
"n)and 5anagement
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Transport element management in/ormationseamlessly and simply throughout the networ=
"n )and 5anagement
The Solution
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5anagement in/ormation is carried in the SO,4T2S&
/rame Bover the 0adio and over the .ine
Full management solution: can carry management
in/ormation o/ any "#ased e7ternal e'uipment
Topologies:
0ings
1D1 &otStandy
Cascaded lin=s and moreP
The Solution
1 CCr to 0adio and .ine
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5ost e//icient
SO,4T2S& and AT5 networ=s
5anagement networ= transparent within the OC 2 ST51.ine
Important! 47ternal e'uipment must not alter the CCr ytesE
$ CCr to 0adio Only
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5anagement is transmitted only to the 0adio side
SO,4T2S&( AT5 and "# networ=s
oes not rely on A5 processing o/ CCr ytes
Simple crossover 4thernet cale used to connect
management at each site
y
5anaging 47ternal 4'uipment
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Allows management o/ e7ternal e'uipment Bsuch as
A5s( Switches( other radio e'uipmentP 5anagement in/ormation to the rest o/ the networ= is
directed to the management 4thernet port and then to
the &*)
&!ternal
&uipent
&!ternal
&uipent
g g ' p
&ow oes "t or=H
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The "* chec=s each received "# pac=et:
estination "# address o/ pac=et "# address o/ "*
"* will pass pac=et to its own "# port /or /urther#rocessing
estination "# address o/ pac=et ≠ "# address o/ "*
"/ pac=et arrived /rom within the ring Sent to the other
side o/ lin=
"/ the other side o/ the lin= is down( pac=et is returned to its
originator
"/ pac=et arrived /rom outside the ring or /rom the "* itsel/
#ac=et is sent to the radio side
"/ radio side is down Forward to the line side
)asic "# Theory
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y
"# Address : 19$16!119 Bdec 11%% %%%% 1%1% 1%%% %%%% %%%1 1%%% 1%11 Bin
5as=: $@@$@@$@@$8% Bdec
1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 %%%% B8 eros mas=
"# addresses on the same sunet:
11%% %%%% 1%1% 1%%% %%%% %%%1 1%%% %%%% B19$16!11$! to
11%% %%%% 1%1% 1%%% %%%% %%%1 1%%% 1111 B19$16!118
The last 8 its cannot e all eros or all ones
19$16!11$! and 19$16!118 are not availaleE
"# 47ample B1
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p B
0ing "# Address: 19$16!1% 5as=: $@@$@@$@@$8%
"# addresses on the sunet: 19$16!1% to 19$16!11@
"# addresses that can e used: 19$16!11 to 19$118
0ing "# Address: 19$16!1! 5as=: $@@$@@$@@$@$
"# addresses on the sunet: 19$16!1! to 19$16!111 "# addresses that can e used: 19$16!19 to 19$11%
0ing "# Address: 19$118@68 5as=: $@@$@@$@@1$!
"# addresses on the sunet: 19$16!11$! to 19$16!1191
"# addresses that can e used: 19$16!11$9 to 19$119%
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.in= Commissioning M Trouleshootingusing Cera3iew
-ava Cera3iew 45S
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Ceragon 4lement 5anager
S,5# )ased
-avaased( wor=s on indows( *ni7( o3( S,5#c
Can manage a terminal or a /ull lin=
Con/iguration
5aintenance
Operation
#er/ormance 5onitoring
0emote diagnostics
Statistic reports
#hysical 3iew
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y
.ocal and 0emote management access
"nstalled inter/aces
0ealtime .4s display
Trouleshooting Tools
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g
Alarm log
0eceive Signal .evel #5
0adio S& #5
ST51 .ine S& #5
.oop ac=s
Alarm .og
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Time and date o/ alarms
Severityased /ilters
*p to 1%% log entries with automatic save
.og can e e7ported to ,otepad( ord( 47celP
Trouleshooting *sing Alarm .og
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Chec= current alarm BEEE
"denti/y when alarms started
"denti/y separate events ased on time
Chec= correlation with other lin=s /ailed
Chec= correlation to 0S. to e7plain alarms
Chec= correlation to 0adio2.ine S& #5
0S. 5onitoring
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g
5in and 5a7 0eceive Signal .evel in 1@ minutes intervals /or last $8 hours
*n/aded 0S. con/iguration Be7pected 0S. and Thresholds Allows to save as a tale and e7port to a /ile
Trouleshooting *sing 0S.
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Chec= current 0S.
Chec= changes in 0S. during last $8hours B@d)
change during the day is normal
"denti/y rain /ading( multipath2ducting
Chec= i/ 0S. reached sensitivity threshold
"n case o/ AT#C( chec= Transmit Signal .evel
#er/ormance 5onitoring 0adio S&
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Counter o/ *nAvailale Seconds on the radio in 1@ minutes intervals /or
last $8 hours Allows to save as a tale and e7port to a /ile
Advanced 0adio S& #5
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Tale o/ 4S( S4S( *AS( ))4 on the radio in 1@ minutes intervals /or
last $8 hours
#er/ormance 5onitoring .ine S&
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Counter o/ *nAvailale Seconds on .ine BST51 in 1@ minutes intervals
/or last $8 hours Allows to save as a tale and e7port to a /ile
Advanced .ine S& #5
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Tale o/ 4S( S4S( *AS( ))4 on the .ine BST51 in 1@ minutes intervals /or
last $8 hours Allows to save as a tale and e7port to a /ile
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.oopac= Con/iguration
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"F loop
"nternal and 47ternal ST51 .ine loop .oop clear timeout con/iguration and display
Trouleshooting *sing .oopac=s
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"/ prolem currently e7ists:
*se .ine loop in case o/ .OS( .OF or 4rrors on ST51
input o/ "* or e7ternal A5
*se "F loop in case o/ .OF or )40 on 0adio to identi/yi/ "* is O+
*se O* loop in case o/ .OF or )40 i/ "F loop passed
O+ Bavailale >!G& O*s onlyE
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ADM
Synchroniation Sources
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Synchroniation Sources
FieAir 1@%%A21@$!A is compliant with G!1
Synchroniation Sources:Q 47ternalQ Aggregate 4ast 2 Aggregate estQ Triutary
Q "nternal Baccuracy 86 ppm R)40 1%6 S4C or Stratum
Note:
For each ,etwor= 4lement can e con/igured two possilecloc= sources: primary M secondary
hen oth sources are lost( an appropriate alarm will ereported and the ACT"34 source will e no source? &oldOver mode
0e/erence Timing 5odes B1
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,in Mo' ,t ,in Mo' i#/t
T!ib$t&! St!&(s T!ib$t&! St!&(s
STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1
Clo+k Clo+k
g B
0e/erence Timing 5odes B$
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T!ib$t&! Mo' nt!n&% Mo'
T!ib$t&! St!&(s T!ib$t&! St!&(s
STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1
Clo+k Clo+k
&++$ra+* 5.: pp"
g B
0e/erence Timing 5odes B
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T!ib$t&! St!&(s T!ib$t&! St!&(s
xt!n&% Mo' T/!o$#/ Mo'
STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1
Clo+k
xt!n&%
2M/
g B
Synchroniation Strategy B1
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y gy B
SS5 5O4
*tiliation o/ S1 BTiming 5ar=er yte
The SS5 in/orms the neighoring ,4 aout the status o/ the cloc=
supply
The S1 yte is used to select the est timing source /or the ,4 andto prevent timing islands
Assignment o/ timing source 'uality level to each ,4
Timing Generator BTG source selection 4nales the user to‑
con/igure two possile cloc= sources /or each ,4 For each timing source the user assigns a 'uality level
"/ oth cloc= sources /ail( the ,4 switches to &oldOver mode
Synchroniation Strategy B$
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SS5 isaled
e/inition o/ #rimary and Secondary cloc= sources /or each ,4
"/ the #rimary cloc= source /ails( the ,4 will switch to &oldOver
mode
"n this case alarm will e generated Cloc= *nit *nloc=ed? and theuser can select and switch manually to the Secondary or "nternal
cloc= source
ith no active cloc= source( the ,4 will remain in &oldOver mode
/or 8!hours( and then will switch to "nternal cloc= source
Once the #rimary cloc= source is restored( the ,4 will switch
automatically to the active cloc= source
Timing source 'uality levels
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Quality Level Description
&igh 1 G!11 atomic source
$ G!1$ Transit
G!1$ .ocal
8 *n=nown B#& Sync
@ "nternal G!1 cloc=
.ow 6 ont use /or Sync
First o/ all #lanE
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1 S=etch the general con/iguration
$ esign the radio lin=s
e/ine 0adio Side direction B4ast or est /or each ,4
8 e/ine the Triutaries path Bphysical port( 3C1$( mappedtrial( transparent trail( active path /or each ,4
@ e/ine 5ain and Secondary paths /or protection
6 e/ine the synchroniation sources /or each ,4
> esign the inand management and "# addresses
General A5 Con/iguration
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adio ire+tion
Trail Con/iguration
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Trail Na"e
#apped C>,-s#ain Path
Prote+tion
Synchroniation Con/iguration
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SS# #ode
Clo+k Enit Installed
Clo+k Stat$s
Pri"ar* Clo+k
Se+ondar* Clo+k